Google Pixel 6a User manual

PayPal Name [email protected]

// . ..]

i;t ;(-_i

--/1L

il, ",1, f<, I

L rF" ^t/

/|r

trr

"o"*. E

cIKOH

fiel*g-Ys

ri;,fi i,,:.,'i;'r

j i\ :.1!:"r- "' ' '

) "- .....

\,lL:-: j-,.-: "

Front View

A. Winding knob

B. Automotic exposure counter

C. Shuffer releose button ond screw for

ottoching coble releose

D. Fost shutter-speed diol

E. Slow shutter-speed diol

F. lever for winding ond rewinding the

film

G. Rewinding knob

l-1. Accessory shoe

l. Combined ronge and view finder windowg

J. Focusing wheel

K. Infinity lock for focusing-wheel

t. Diophrogm ring

A^. Spring cotch for lens

N. Depth of field scole

O. Distonce scole

P. Eyelet for neck strop

A. Synchronizer sockel " F " (fosl shutter)

R. Lens cop

ffi

Reor View

Eye-piece for combined ronge ond

view finder

Synchronizer socket

locks for removing

bock

(slow shutter)

ond replocing comero

',:

ii:

,rsil

V. Socket lo receive

evereody cose

fostening

or tripod

screw on

screw

#il1;;

:11 '- r'rj

ilaliil't.

*;;: :]:::

www.butkus.us

mike

butkus

Digitally signed by mike

butkus

DN: cn=mike butkus,

o=orphancameras, ou=29,

[email protected],

c=US

Date: 2017.06.27 19:05:47

-04'00'

Preparqtion for

Taking Piclures

Thot the most brilliont resultr ccn be hod by rimple hcndling

is qn oulslonding feoture of the Nikon Comero.

The following three bosic fqclers qre to be considered before

toking o picture with lhe Nikon.

l. Shutter speed-Setling of speed

Wind shuiter up firsl qnd fhen sef the shutter speed.

See Fig. 5-9.

Lens openi4g,-Seliing of diophrogm opening

Lens operlure is set by turning lens diophrogm ring.

See Fig. 10.

3. Focusing-Selling of distonce

. A focus is obtoined when double irnoge in the ronge.

finder is broughf to coincidence.

See Fis. ll-13.

Shuffer Speed

lTinding Knob

Turn the winding knob clockwise until 'it stops (FiS.S).,

This meons thot fhe knob hos mode one complete turn, od-

voncing one frome of film for exposure, ond thot lhe shutter

hos been wound ond is reody for releose

Shutter Dials

There ore two shutter speed diols, fost ond slow, orronged

one on top of the other. The engroved numbers on the

diols indicote froctions of o second, e.g. 60 meons l,/60

sec. exposure lime.

To set lhe shulfer bring the desired speed ffgure to the orrow.

Shutter setting should always be made after winding the

film. !f shutter speed is set before film winding, correct

shutter operation will not resutt.

When fost shuller is releosed, the diol mokes o. clockwise,lur,n,

ond brings the shutter speed figure from ihe orrow to the red

,mork. Incidentolly, this foct serves to show whot shutter speed

wos used on the previous piCiure, in cose this knowledge is

desired before winding shutter for the next exposure.

t.t

www.butkus.us

FAST S}IUTTIR t)IAL

When setting fost shutter spced

see ?hof the slow' shutter diol

rests qf " 20-1" (FiS. e).

lifr the diol slightly ond turn it

to desired rpeed. Then drop tho

diql ond moke sure thot it seltles

down into ploce properly.

SI()W SHUTTER DIA.T.

When setting o dow shuller speed,

the fost shutler diol must be set

ot " 2O-l " ogoinst lhe orrow.

Move the slow shuiler dicl by

.meons of the,srncll lever (Fig. 7).

BUTB EXPl|SURE

First set slow shutler diol ot 20-1,

then sei ti\e fost shulter diol ot

" q " The shutter will remoin

open os long os lhe shutler

butlon is depressed.

TIMT TXPtlSURE

Set fost shutter diol qt "20-1",

then sel slow shulter diol of "T".

When the shulier button is once

pressed (Fig. 8), the shutter witt

remoin open even if pressure is

removed. To shut lhe shutler (Fig.

9), move the tever clockwise

untll lhe one second morking

pqsses lhe orrow.

ev lens Opening

To set the iens opening

, By turning the diophrogm ring (Fig. lO\, set the proper

morking fo the dol on tho milled ring of fhe lejiis-borrel.

lens 0pening

r The following knowledge of the relotion between lens operlure

ond shutter speed will be useful :

f-ens Opening 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 ll t6 22 32

(Scole morking)

Exposure Time t/B t/4 1/2 I 2 4 8 16 32 64

(Rotio)

In the lens opening scole morking, lhe lorger is volue of the

figure, the smaller becomes the diophrogm opening il refers

lo.

With regord lo lhe relotion belween lens opening ond ex-

posure lime o smoll opening reguires o longer time of exposure

'under the some light condition; it will be noted lhst when

ihe opening steps dovrn to the nexf higher scote figure, the

fime exposure hos to be doubted in order to give lhe some

degree of exposure. lt is for the benefif of showing the

obove relotion thot lhe obove comporolive list hos been given.

It follows by no meons thot when o certoin tens opening is

used, the figure given directly betow is the corresponding

exposure lime.

www.butkus.us

Lens Focusing so

Press the infinity lock (Fig. ll) ond rototer the lens focusing

wheel slighlly lo releose lhe oulomotic device locking the

focusing mechqnism ot inflnity selting.

Focusing is obtoined, when lhe double imoge of lhe subiecl

in lhe cenler squqre of the fleld oppeorlng in lhe view flnder

eyepiece coincides, which'is occomplished by rototing the lens

focusing wheel (Fig. 12, l3).

In oscerloining coincidence, verlicol lines of the imoge ore

helpful, which, when focused, become solid ond the blur of

the double imoge disoppeors.

Whcn thc comero is held verticolly, however, it is the horizonfol

lines of the imoge lhol couse coincidence.

The focusing dislonce or octuql dislqnce belween comero ond

the obiect when coincidence occurred moy be found out by

reoding the flgure on the distonce scole (Fig.l-0) found

ogoinst the block bqll index.

Refecrs ing Shelffer

framing of Picture

When moking exposure froming of picture is to be token,

Froming of picture should be msde with the eye os close os

possible lo lhe ronge ond view finder eye-piece. The extent

of picture {ield rhus token is identicql with thot of the oclusl

picture thot will be mode.

Compose fhe picture in the view finder ond press lhe shutter

reteose butlon slowly. Do nol press hord ond do nol press

fosl to qvoid o possible shoking of the comerq while shutter

is closing. Use o tripod or rest for ony shuller speed slower

lfn t/to second. ls

How fo Hold Camera

It is obsolufely importon, to hold comero steody ovoiding o

pOssible shcke or shifting of comero when shutfer is reteosed,

in order to moke o shorp picture (Fig. 14 ond l5).

Therefore, il is suggested thol the cqmero be steodily pressed

ogoinsl cheek wheri holding comero in horizontol position or

..ogoinsl foreheod when in verticol posifion, ond to hold il in

both honds, using the righthond index finger to operote lhe

'teleoso bulton ond the middle finger in turning lhe focusing

wheel.

The elbows .ore to be helcl os low os possibte ogoinst the

sides of the body.

ll is olso suggested thot deep breoth be token ond held

while releqsing button os in shoofing o rifle.

--/

www.butkus.us

Red mark 0n tho top of shutter release button.

This serves to indicate the movement of the fllm, while lhe

fitm is being wound bcck by meqns of rewinding knob.

Red mark on tlto top Plate of camera

A red spot betow the ccmero number inscribed on lhe top

of the comero (fig. tO) indicoles the position the ftlm posses'

which will be helpful in photoglophing close-up subiefts.

In other words, wind the knob directty before toking ihe

picture ! .

To leove shutler in q wound position for ony leirgth of time

would tire shutler $pring, moreover you might occidentolly

press releose butfon ond expose fllm, if you csrry your

comero with wound shuller.

lf it hoppens thot you do not wanl tc moke o picture offer

you hove wound lhe shutler, the sofesi woy is lo expose ond

releose the shutter spring, bul if you wonl to sove the film

you rnoy releose lhe shutler, covering lens opening with hond

or lens cop, ond when o picluro is to be token go through

the sqme procedure described for double exposure. (See Fig. l8)

Depth of Field

Depth of field is, by definition, o ronge of disfonce between

the neoresl ond the forthest limits within which o comero

subiecl gives permissible shorpness of irnoge.

Depthof field depends upon lhe lens opening (f '1.4, f '5.6,

f : 8, elc) ond upon the disfonce from fhe €omero to the

obiett upon which the lens is focused. The smoller lhe

operlure used, lhe greoter lhe depth of field ond in the

opposite woy lhe lorger lhe operture, lhe smoller fhe depth

of field. ln the Nikon Comero the depth

of field is so designed os lo

be reod, nol by reference to

o seporote toble, but directiy

from fhe revolving dislonce

scole, which is -used in com'

binotion with the depth of field

scole, orronged symmetricolly

qround the index dof, engroved

on fhe lens mount bose.

Example

Focus the lens on on obiect 20 feet owoy from the cctmero,

Evhich couses fhe 20 feet morking of fhe distonce scole to

resl ogoinst lhe index dot on the depth of field scole. Set

fhe lens opening to f : 8 (Fig. lZ).

The depth of focus sought is o ronge of disloncc on the

distonce scqle lhof folls between lhe two f : B morkings on

fhe depth of field scole, one ot either side of index dot,

nomefy 12-50 tt.

In other words, piqtures token qt , f : 8 opening of obiecta

lyihg belween 12 feet qnd 50 feet from the comero will be

lhorp enough; Everything else will be out of focus in some

degree.

www.butkus.us

Doubfe Exposure

By lurning winding knob the film is odvonced for the next

exposure. Unless you do lhis, lhe shutter releose will not

operote, thus prevenfing o possibrlity of double exposure.

Should, however, o double exposure be desired for some

porticulor reoson or other, do os follows ,-

Afler the firsl exposure push the shulter releose bullon ogoi:r

(Fig. l8), ond without releosing your finger off the button, iurn

left the highspeed diol os for os it goes ond stops, lhen

toke off your finger from the button. Shutter is now reody

fo operote. (ln lhe course of the obove procedure you musf

nol turn lhe windirrg knob.)

lf you require o different shutter speed for the double

(seconC) exposure from the firsl, you moy re-set fhe shutter

diol. Infrq-Red Picture

Wi'ren infro-red piclure i; to bo token, obloin d focus by

rneons of doublo imoge concidence ond then furn lhe distonce

-scole in such o rnonner lhol the distqnce morking ogoinst

lhe index (block spot) moves round ond resls ogoinst " R ",

ond shoot.

Filrn Cosse tte

The Nikon comerq will toke up o doylight looding cqJtridge

of ony moke, conloining o reody<ut length of 35 mm fllm,

usuolly found in the morkef.

The Nikon cosselte or mogozine ovoilqble ol extrc cost ccn

be lqqdecl with reody'cuf lengths or fed from o stock roll

of 35 mnr film.

The cosselie consisls of outer ond inner shells ond o spool'

The figures on the bottom of the outer shell ore ASA exposuro

index numbers, ond moy be used lo indicote the speed of

the filrn looded, the white spot on the brim being thc inde:l'

,ffi9ffi

SHELT SIIELL

The block figures ore for blqck

qnd white film ond the red for

color ftlm. When the film hos

been exposed the red spot in-

dex should tqke ihe ploce of

21ihe white .:.:/

To 0pen the Cassette

Hold the cossette in your left

hond, with fhe proiecting end

of the spool toword you.

^^Depressing q smoll button wilh

l4he right hond index finger, turn

lhe inner shell of fhe cosselte

cfockwise (fis. 20), until the

operlures of bolh lhe shells

ore over eoch other ond ot the

some time the inner shell

slightly pulls out.

www.butkus.us

FILM FEEDII{G

(lll Tltt 0ARr( n00il)

Trim the end of lhe film so. os lo form o longue, ond holding

the spool in your left hqnd with the proiecting end toword

you'(Fig 2l), thrbod the fllm with your right hond, emutsion

side downword, rhrough the slot in the spool, feeding if ot

lhe lorger opening, until the teefh inside bite the film ond

prevent its getfing loose, ond then wind lhe film up wilh its

emulsion on the inside.

The spool with the film wound on it is ploced in the inner

shell with the proiecting end foremost, ond then the ouler

shell is slid over if, wiih the leoder of the film pulling outside

(Fas. 22, 23).

fushing the edge of the inner shell, turn it qnfi-clockwise

until o click is heord.

Now thot fhe cosselte is ctosed the film is perfectly prolecled

from light, ond reody to be ploced in the cosselte chomber

of rhe comero.

T(l TAKE.tlUT FII"M

(tr{ rHE DARI( R00il)

The looded cossetlc being opened os described obove, loke

oul the spool ond unroll the film, ond cut it ofi the spool

Gig.2a).

To remove the film end

remoining in lhe slof. do

nol pull lf bock in the

direction il wqs inserted,

but should be pulled off

ot the other side, lhof

is, ot the smo ller slot.

The tonguc of the film

should be foshioned, when

feeding, nol loo wide for

the slot so lhol it should

eosily be pulled out'

Set f ever on " A " (Fig. 25) so rhoi film moy

be odvonced.

The bock ond boltom of the comerct ore mode

in one piece. To remove, lurn fhe lwo semi'

circulor locks on the bottom (Fig. 26) until fhe

engroved orrows poinl lo " o ". The comers

bock is now unlocked ond moy be rernoved by

sfiding it with lhumb os shown in fig. 27.

Ploce o film cortridge or o looded film mogo-

zine in the left end chomber so lhot proieclion

on the ouler shell of the mogozine fits in lhe

guide notch.

Insert the end of the leoder of the mogozine

film into the slit on the loke-up spool (Fig. 28)

ond let o little proiection ot the enlronce of

the slit cotch lhe perforolion on the film-

Then lurn the spool forther ond lel the sprockei

cotch lhe perforotion of the film (Fig. 29).

When film hos been looded reploce lhe comero's

bock ond secure it by turning the semi-circulor

locks until the orrows point to " S "

h is importoni thot the comero bock is properly

reploced ond locked. lf there is ony difficulty

in locking, open ogoin ond see if the film is

properly in ploce.

In order lo oscertoin thol the loke-up spool

hos cought ihe film properly, turn the winding

knob slightly ond see if rhe rewinding knob

rototes in rhe d irection opposite lo thot

indicoted by lhe orrow

Before sforting to ioke piclures with o newly

looded film, turn the winding knob ond press

lhe releose bufton, gnd repeol lhe some opero'

tion ogoin in order to poss thot porl of the

fitm which hos probobly been offected by light

during looding.

Automatic Exposure 0ounter

Set the counter (fig. 30) ot zero,

using the two smoll lugs on the

foce of it. The counter indicofes ,

ihe number of pictures loken.

not the number of unexposed

fromes.

www.butkus.us

To remove the exposed film rewind the film bock into the

cortridge or film mogozine,

A roll of film which hos only portly been exposed con olso

be rewound ond removed for some purpose or olher The

.some roll cqn be looded ogoin ot o loler dole, ond the

unexposed port used ogoin. In this cose nofe the number

of exposed fromes indicoted on the exposure counler, ond

use il for guidonce when using lhe film ogoin.

To rewind o wholy or porlly exposed roll, lurn the reversing

lever (Fig. 3l) to " R " ond revolve the rewinding knob in

thbi birection lo which the engroved orrow points. When

the film is completely rewound, resistqnce is feh, bul keep

on lurning the rewinding knob until fhis resislonce is no longer

felt ond lhe turning of shutter releose buffon slops, which

con be oscertoined by wotching lhe red mork on lhe top

of the bullon. The film hos ndw been complelely rewound,

ond moy be unloqded.

Filter

When o color fflter is used, il needs lo lengthen exposure

lime or lo enlorge lens opening i.e, lo choose o Jower

diophrogm scole figure occording to the requiremenl of lhe

fiher focfor, which should olso be odiusted by the sensitivity

of the film used.

Fihers occurotely mode ond well finished ore supplied (Fig.

32) tor stondord 5 cm F : 1.4 ond ,F : 2 Nikkor lenses in the

following colors ond foctors :

Yl Light Yellow 1.5-2 times

Y3 Medium Yellow 2.5-3 times

R0 Oronge 3.5-4 times

Sizes of fhe filter ore 50 mm

in diometer, Series Vll for

F:1.4 ond 40mm, Series Vl for

F :2. Both surfoces of fiher

gloss ore onti-refleclion cooted.

Eoch one is furnished with

ploslic cose.

Hood

Use of Jens-hood is recommended or somelimes necessory,

when the lens hos to be protecled ogoinst frontol ond

sidewoy stroy light. Lens-hoods (fig. 33) for Nikkor sfondord

fens (f-50 mm) f : 1.4 ond J ,2 ore ovoilobte ot exlrochorge.

The hood is first screwed onto odopler ring, which in lurn

screws on lhe lens. Filter gloss when used is held belween

the hood ond the odopter. Core

must be token lest fhe filter should

fall olf vrhile hondling.

When the hood is nol used, the

filter is otlqched to tho lens by

meons of filter holder, furnished

with the hood

Hood odopter for 50 mm F t 1.4

sfondord lens is olso used for 35

mm F: 2.5 wide ongle. For 35mm

F : 3.5 slip-on firpe lens.hoocj is

ovoiloble.

www.butkus.us

Tan ffiemnova ["gms

lf it is desired to dismount the lens

l. Set the dtstogroe scste ot lnflnity.

2. Depress the spring cotch (Fig. 34) with the left thumb.

3. Turn the borrel clockwise with the right hond until

the red index mork on the borrel meets the recl

mork on the comero body.

The lens borrel con now be removed genily from lhe comero

body.

Mor.rnting of the lens con be performed by reversing the

obove procedure.

'The opening in the comero body, if lhe comers is loqded,

should not be exposed to o brighr light while lens is re-

moved. lt is odvisoble to hold the cqmero toword your body.

Leather case and rear lens cap for l{ikkor standard lens.

These ore avoiloble ot exlro chorge. They protects the lens

from domoge or dusl when lhe lens hos been dismounted

ond kept sepcrote.

Inlerchangeclble trens

!n order to fix telephoto or vride ongle lens lc the comero

body,

I Set lhe ronge scsles borh of cdmers ond lens

ot Infinity.

2 Push lho len: into the opening of the comero body

(Fig. 35) cs for os it goes, moking sure thot o red

mork on the lens borrel is on lhe some line os thot

of the comero body

3. Then lurn the lcns to the left (onti-clockwise) until it

stops with o click.

4. See thot in this position the fluted piece returns lo

the originol position.

Dismounting of the lens con be performed by reversing lhe

obove procedure with the fluted piece depressed,

Focusing

Telephoto lens should nol be focused by meons of the

focusing wheel on the comero, but by turning the knurled

ring on lhe lens borrel.

When infro-red film is used, the distonce selting obtoined

by meons of double imoge coincidence lhrough ronge finder

hos lo be rectified before shooling by wheeling round the

distonce morking ogoinst the index mork represented by o

red rod to R. ?{

:;;.'"-".'r1" i

Telephoio [ens should be ploced into its leofher eose, hood

firsl. lf hood is neor.the enlronce, chonces ore lhof you pulf,

fhe l.ens out by the hood ond the lens drops off.

www.butkus.us

Vfeur Ffilder

The wide cngle lens covers o lorger fleld of view' ond the

lelepolo lens tokes o smsller field of view compored with

0hcl covered bY o stondord lens'

Hence, fhe use of speciol view finders to suil interchongeoble

lenses.

There

focsl

Jle)

&ffiI}ilVADIJAL UfrEW FINI}HR

are the folicwing three kinds. One is good for one

length only.

For Telephofo

lens 'l 35 mm rJ, ri"Prrot" For Wide Angle

lens 85 mm lens 35 mm

IINIIfIRSAL VIEW FINI}ER

Whileonindividuo|viewfinderisgcodforgomeonetypo

of focol length only, o universol view finder is designed for

universol duty for oll types' There qre two kinds : vorifocol

ond vorifrome.

VARIF(IGAL UIEW FIT{DEN

Siip the finder with its proiected eye piece towords the

bock of tlre comero onto the occessory shoe (Fig. 3Z)' Set

ihe indicotor to the scole on the body of the flnder occording

to the focol lenglh of the lens being used. When 2'8 cm

lens is used, put cn oitcchment lens on the finCer front,

indicotor being set ot 3.5 cm.

Focus the lens ond then set

lhe porollox odiustment scole

ot the view fincler bqse in

conformif y with the focused

distonce shown on the borrel

of the lens (Fig. 38).

Use the red ind icotor for

Google Pixel 6a User manual

Other documents