Advantech FWA-1212VC User guide

ADVANTECH

LINUX PLATFORM SOFTWARE GUIDE

FWA-1212VC

Revision 0.4

Revision History

Date [mm/dd/yyyy]

Revision

Modifications

12/24/2019

0.1

Initial version

06/15/2020

0.2

Update GPIO function and Software Define LED

Update BIOS version to V0.08

9/24/2020

0.3

Update Software Defined Button

12/15/2020

0.4

Update Software tools name mapping to

ServeriManager package name

Update Control HW GPIO and Control SW

defined LED

 
Copyright 2020. All rights reserved. Advantech Co. Ltd.   Page 3 
Table of Contents 
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 5 
1 OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................................... 5 
2 TARGET AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................ 5 
3 BIOS AND BMC VERSIONS .............................................................................................. 5 
4 OS DISTRIBUTION AND KERNEL VERSION ........................................................................ 5 
4.1 How to upgrade Linux Kernel............................................................................................................. 5 
5 FILES AND SOFTWARE TOOLS ........................................................................................... 6 
WATCHDOG FUNCTION ...................................................................... 7 
1 WATCHDOG ON PCH ......................................................................................................... 7 
2 WATCHDOG ON HWM ...................................................................................................... 8 
GPIO FUNCTION ................................................................................. 11 
1 HW GPIO PIN ................................................................................................................. 11 
2 CONTROL HW GPIO ....................................................................................................... 11 
2.1 Locate i2c bus of IO expander .......................................................................................................... 11 
2.2 I2c raw command to control ............................................................................................................. 12 
2.3 Kernel GPIO sysfs to control.............................................................................................................. 13 
SOFTWARE DEFINED LED ............................................................... 16 
1 LOCATE I2C BUS OF IO EXPANDER ................................................................................. 17 
2 CONTROL SOFTWARE DEFINED LED ............................................................................ 18 
2.1 I2c raw command to control ............................................................................................................. 18 
2.2 Kernel GPIO sysfs to control.............................................................................................................. 19 
2.3 Kernel LED sysfs to control ............................................................................................................... 21 
SOFTWARE DEFINED BUTTON ..................................................... 24 
1 LOAD SOFTWARE BUTTON WITH LINUX SERVICE ........................................................ 24 
1.1 Set SW button access mode ............................................................................................................... 24 
1.2 Install and configure acpid ................................................................................................................. 24 
1.3 Configure systemd-logind .................................................................................................................. 26 
2 LOAD SOFTWARE BUTTON WITH SW BUTTON DRIVER ................................................ 27 
2.1 Set SW button access mode ............................................................................................................... 27 
2.2 Load Software Button Interface Driver ........................................................................................ 27 
2.3 Software Button Daemon ................................................................................................................... 27 
2.4 Sample Config file and scripts .......................................................................................................... 29 
AFRU (ADVANTECH FRU UTILITY) .............................................. 31 
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 31 
2 COMMAND EXAMPLE ....................................................................................................... 31 
3 OTHER COMMAND OPTIONS ........................................................................................... 32 
SENSORS ............................................................................................... 33 
1 APM (ADVANTECH PLATFORM MONITOR) ................................................................. 33 
2 LM-SENSORS ................................................................................................................... 34 

8. NDI(NETWORK DEVICE IDENTIFIER) ......................................... 38

8.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 38

8.2 COMMAND AND USAGE ................................................................................................... 38

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

In Advantech’s platform, there are several software interface for various usage, like software

defined LED/Button, hardware sensors and watchdog. Customer could leverage those

interfaces in their Linux or application, for example, reading hardware sensors to monitor

health of platform, defining operation triggered by software defined button, setting a

watchdog to reboot system when application getting stuck, or light on software defined LED

for application notification. This document describes the platform software components and

provides customer with an easy approach for software porting. Every component is

described in different chapter and also multiple approaches for different scenario.

1.2 Target Audience

The guide is for engineers at customer’s side, with software background and knowledge of

Linux, who knows how to use kernel module and device node in Linux, also knows how to

configure and compile Linux kernel.

1.3 BIOS and BMC Versions

The software components have been validated on the supported platforms using the

firmware versions below:

Platform

BMC Version

BIOS Version

FWA-1212VC

N/A

V0.08

1.4 OS distribution and kernel version

The software components will be demonstrated using the following OS distribution and

Linux kernel version:

Platform

Os distribution

Kernel Version

FWA-1212VC

Ubuntu 18.04

4.15.0

According Intel announced, it support kernel above 4.14, here this document is based on

Ubuntu 18.04 with updated kernel 4.15.0.

1.4.1 How to upgrade Linux Kernel

User can follow the steps below to upgrade Linux kernel:

1. Go to Ubuntu official main page http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/,

Choose the kernel version then download.

# wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.15.1/linux-headers-4.15.1-

041501_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_all.deb

# wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.15.1/linux-headers-4.15.1-

041501-generic_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_amd64.deb

# wget https://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.15.1/linux-image-4.15.1-

041501-generic_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_amd64.deb

2. Install packages

# sudo dpkg -i linux-headers-4.15.1-041501_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_all.deb linux-

headers-4.15.1-041501-generic_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_amd64.deb linux-image-

4.15.1-041501-generic_4.15.1-041501.201802031831_amd64.deb

3. Reboot system and enter following command to check kernel version

# uname -sr

Linux 4.15.1-041501-generic

1.5 Files and Software tools

The followings are files and software tools which are needed for demonstration with this

guide, contact your local Advantech FAE for these files and software tools

Software Package

&driver

Software binary

Version

Description

wdt_nct5523

0.04

Sample code to control

watchdog on HWM

FRU utility

afru

02.36

Advantech FRU Utility

Sensor Reader

apm

0.32

Advantech Platform Monitor

Network device identifier

apdi

1.20

Network Device Indentify

leds-pca9554

N/A

0.03

SW defined LED driver

File

Description

fwa-1212vc.yaml

Sensor-Reader config file for FWA-1212VC

sensors3_fwa1212.conf

lm-sensor config file for FWA-1212VC

2. WATCHDOG FUNCTION

There are two kinds of watchdogs on platform, and those could work separately. One is PCH

watchdog, the other is HWM, both could reset platform when watchdog is biting. In this

section, we will demonstrate watchdog functions on our platform.

2.1 Watchdog on PCH

PCH watchdog is supported by kernel’s driver module, wdat_wdt since kernel 4.9 and

itco_wdt before kernel 4.9. The driver populates a dev file /dev/watchdog when loading into

kernel, and timeout is set as a parameter of this module. The watchdog is triggered while

dev file is touched or opened. Use ‘modinfo wdat_wdt’ (‘modinfo itco_wdt’ for kernel before

4.9) to get more details about this module.

There is an open source software watchdog daemon to use watchdog easier. Watchdog

daemon manages kernel module and /dev/watchdog and keeps feeding it often enough to

keep the kernel from resetting. The configuration file is /etc/watchdog.conf which contains

feed interval and reset timeout options. The default reset timeout is 60 seconds, so platform

will be reset if not feeding watchdog in 60 seconds.

Please refer to the following website for more information:

https://linux.die.net/man/8/watchdog

https://linux.die.net/man/5/watchdog.conf

Here is how to verify watchdog functionality. In this demonstration, the watchdog

configuration file is configured in an abnormal way just for quick verification.

We will deliberately set our ‘interval’ longer than the ‘watchdog-timeout’ to force a

watchdog hardware reset. Please note that this hardware reset without graceful shutdown

might damage file system, so please don’t do it in a service online system.

Please follow the steps below to perform the test.

Step 1: Install watchdog software

# apt-get install watchdog

Step 2: Make sure the driver is probed

# sudo modprobe wdat_wdt

# lsmod |grep wdat_wdt

wdat_wdt 16384 0

Step 3: Add a line to the file /etc/watchdog.conf

watchdog-device = /dev/watchdog

Step 4: Make sure the watchdog device is not busy. The watchdog device will be occupied in

some cases, user need to free the device first to perform the test. The wd_identify is a

simplified software watchdog daemon, it can get the identification string from the watchdog

if it opens /dev/watchdog successfully.

# sudo wd_identify

wdat_wdt

If the command output is ‘device or resource busy’, use the following command to free the

watchdog device

# pkill -9 watchdog

Step 5: For normal usage, ‘interval’ should be shorter than the ‘watchdog-timeout’ so that

the watchdog daemon will feed /dev/watchdog before the hardware reset. In such case,

user can configure file /etc/watchdog.conf as below.

watchdog-timeout = 60

interval = 30

Step 6: To test the functionality of watchdog hardware, we need to force a hardware reset

by setting ‘interval’ longer than the ‘watchdog-timeout.’ Firstly, copy the file

/etc/watchdog.conf to ~/watchdog_test.conf, then add two lines to the file

~/watchdog_test.conf.

cp /etc/watchdog.conf ~/watchdog_test.conf

watchdog-timeout = 5

interval = 30

Step 7: Enter following command and the system will reboot after 5 seconds (Please note

that this is not a graceful shutdown and might be detrimental to your file system.)

# sudo watchdog -f -c ~/watchdog_test.conf

2.2 Watchdog on HWM

HWM watchdog could be accessed by Linux io port 0x2E/0x2F. Advantech provides sample

code to demonstrate watchdog function on SuperIO. This sample code is written in C

language, nct5523.c, nct5523.h. Most important watchdog instructions are in

function nct5523.c.

Linux io port for HWM is singleton, sample code had not include semaphore to prevent

access confliction. Please avoid confliction in usage.

User can modify sample code to accomplish specific needs. A normal using example is shown

below and a test to force the hardware reset. Please note that ungraceful shutdown might

damage your file system, do not do it in a service online system.

Step 1: Enter the folder wdt_nct5523 and compile by following commands:

# make

Step 2: Enter following command to acquire utility usage

# sudo ./wdt_nct5523 -h

Test Watch dog function for nct5523

Version: v0.04

Usage:

wdt_nct5523 [time_count] [time_type]

[time_count]:

Timeout value, 0 =< time_count <= 255.

If the tiemout value is 0 then stop watchdog timer

[time_type]:

's' : second;

'm' : minute;

Example:

Help:

wdt_nct5523 -h

DEFAULT Setting(8 seconds timeout):

wdt_nct5523

Setting 10 seconds timeout:

wdt_nct5523 10 s

Setting 5 minutes timeout:

wdt_nct5523 5 m

Step 3: Watchdog has to be re-count once started during timeout, or system will be hard

reset while watchdog biting. The script on below is an example for showing how to feed

watchdog every 1 minutes.

#!/bin/bash

echo "start to run watchdog script!"

while [ 1 ]

do

./wdt_nct5523 10 s

sleep 60

done

The script will infinitely set the watchdog timeout to 10 seconds every 1 second, so that the

hardware reset will never occur unless the script is terminated.

Step 4: Enter following command and the system will reboot after 10 seconds (Please do not

do it in a service online system)

# sudo ./ wdt_nct5523 10 s

3. GPIO FUNCTION

There is a gpio(internal pin) on platform, it could use as general output/input. In this

section, we will demonstrate gpio functions on our platform.

3.1 HW GPIO pin

There is a GPIO controller provide 8 channel gpio for use.

They are controlled by the IO expander located at smbus, thus the i2c bus/device for IO

expander need to be located first then control LEDs.

There are two interfaces to control GPIO through same hardware path. One is i2c raw

commands which only depends on kernel’s i2c driver, however it requests a user space i2c

tool.

The other interface is kernel’s GPIO sysfs which provide file interface in user space, however,

it have to re-compile kernel if configuring kernel to enable it. Some modern Linux

distribution enabled GPIO sysfs by default like Ubuntu, and some are not like

Fedora/CentOS. Please check CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS and CONFIG_GPIO_ICH in kernel config

to confirm if GPIO sysfs is enabled. For more details about kernel config and compile, please

refer to https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelBuild.

3.2 Control HW GPIO

3.2.1 Locate i2c bus of IO expander

How to locate i2c bus of IO expander is shown as below

Step 1: Make sure i2c driver is loaded

# modprobe i2c_i801

# modprobe i2c-dev

Use lsmod to check if driver is already loaded:

# sudo lsmod | grep i2c

Step 2: Install i2c-tools package

I2c tools could be installed from Ubuntu’s repository simply:

# sudo apt-get install i2c-tools

Or built from source package in website. please check README in package.

https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/utils/i2c-tools/

Step 3: Scan smbus in system by i2cdetect.

# sudo i2cdetect -l

i2c-0 smbus SMBus I801 adapter at e000 SMBus adapter

Here shows system smbus adapter is located at bus 0. Please note the bus number could be

different due to different hardware configuration, kernel version and driver of other devices.

Step 4: Confirm IO expander device appears on the smbus.

Scan the devices on smbus which is got in step 3, and smbus I/O expander appears at 0x23

# sudo i2cdetect -y 0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f

00: -- -- -- -- -- 08 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

20: -- -- -- 23 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

30: 30 31 -- -- 34 35 36 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

40: -- -- -- -- 44 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

50: 50 -- -- -- -- -- 56 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6c -- -- --

70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

IO expander device address is 0x23 (7-bit address) in this system. Please note device address

might be different due to hardware configuration and product SKU, please contact

Advantech FAE if you have problem with this device address.

For FWA-1212VC, device address is defined as below.

Address (7-bit)

Usage

0x23

IO Expander

Now smbus number and device address of IO expander is ready, which will be used in

following controls.

3.2.2 I2c raw command to control

Here shows how to control GPIOs using i2c raw command, it will use smbus number and

device address of IO expander located in previous chapter.

Note: This usage cannot work if SW Defined LED accessed as section 4.2.3.

Step 1: Set pins to output mode, this need be done once every time Linux booted.

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x06 0x00

Here “0” is smbus number and “0x23” is device address. “0x06” is offset and “0x00” is value,

combined to set GPIO pin 0 to pin 7 to output mode. “0x00” is hex of binary “0000 0000”,

which means pin 0 to 7 is set to bit “0” (output mode).

Please note pin number could be different due to hardware configuration, product SKU,

please contact Advantech FAE if you have problem with this pin mapping.

For FWA-1212VC, pin mapping are defined as below.

LED Name

1

GPIO_0

2

GPIO_4

3

GPIO_1

4

GPIO_5

5

GPIO_2

6

GPIO_6

7

GPIO_3

8

GPIO_7

Step 2: Control GPIOs

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0xff (all GPIO high)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x00 (all GPIO low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x01 (GPIO0 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x02 (GPIO1 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x04 (GPIO2 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x08 (GPIO3 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x10 (GPIO4 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x20 (GPIO5 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x40 (GPIO6 high, other low)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x02 0x80 (GPIO7 high, other low)

“0” is smbus number and “0x23” is device address. “0x02” is offset, “0xff” and other values

are combined to control GPIO pin level.

3.2.3 Kernel GPIO sysfs to control

The other interface to control LED from user space is by kernel GPIO sysfs. GPIO sysfs also

depends on i2c driver thus i2c_i801 must be loaded. It will use smbus number and device

address of IO expander located in previous chapter.

For more detail, please refer to kernel document:

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/gpio/sysfs.txt.

Step 1: Enable GPIO Driver Mode

BIOS Setup Menu -> Advanced -> SW GPIO Configuration -> SW GPIO Driver Mode [GPIO

Driver Mode]

Step2: Probe i2c and gpio_ich drivers

# sudo modprobe i2c_i801

# sudo modprobe gpio_ich

Step 3: Add IO expander device to gpio sysfs

# sudo echo pca9555 0x23 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device

“i2c-0” is target to smbus number 0 and “0x23” is device address. "pca9555" is name of this

IO expander.

Step 4: GPIO base-port file under /sys/class/gpio (gpiochip342) appears after device are

added. However there might be several other gpio base port file, so it’s necessary to locate

which gpio base-port file.

# for L in `ls /sys/class/gpio/gpio*/label`; do echo $L; cat $L; done

/sys/class/gpio/gpiochip342/label

pca9555

Please note gpio numbers like 342 depends on kernel and hardware platform, thus it could

be different.

Step 5: Expose the GPIO pins and set it to output mode

# echo 342 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 343 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 344 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 345 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 346 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 347 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 348 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 349 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio342/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio343/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio344/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio345/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio346/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio347/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio348/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio349/direction

Step 6: Control output level

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio342/value (GPIO_0 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio343/value (GPIO_1 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio344/value (GPIO_2 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio345/value (GPIO_3 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio346/value (GPIO_4 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio347/value (GPIO_5 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio348/value (GPIO_6 low)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio349/value (GPIO_7 low)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio342/value (GPIO_0 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio343/value (GPIO_1 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio344/value (GPIO_2 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio345/value (GPIO_3 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio346/value (GPIO_4 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio347/value (GPIO_5 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio348/value (GPIO_6 high)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio349/value (GPIO_7 high)

4. SOFTWARE DEFINED LED

The LEDs are controlled by the IO expander located at smbus. It can be controlled with i2c

raw command or via kernel GPIO sysfs or kernel led sysfs.

The i2c bus/device for IO expander need to be located first then control LEDs.

For FWA-1212vc, LEDs are defined as below (Fontpanel from left to right).

No.

LED

GPIO Name

Color

Software

Controllable

1

HDD

NA

Green

NO

2

PWR

NA

Green

NO

3

SYS Note1,2

GPIO_12

Green

Yes

GPIO_14

Orange

Yes

4

CLOUD Note3

GPIO_11

Green

Yes

5

WIFI

GPIO_13

Green

Yes

6

LTE

NA

Green

Yes

7

LTE/5G

NA

Green

NO

8

LTE-1

GPIO_8 (LED_PILOT1)

Green

Yes

9

LTE-2

GPIO_9 (LED_PILOT2)

Green

Yes

10

LTE-3

GPIO_10 (LED_PILOT3)

Green

Yes

Note1: This is dual color LED.

Note2: LED green is linked with the middle LED on rear panel.

LED orange is not linked with the middle LED on rear panel.

Note3: This LED is linked with the upper LED on rear panel.

Please note WiFi led and LTE(SSD) led could be controlled by WiFi/LTE module, please

make sure software don’t touch it in the case.

For more details about LED Defined, please refer to the FWA-1212VC User’s Manual.

There are three interfaces to control LEDs through same hardware path. One is i2c raw

commands which only depends on kernel’s i2c driver, however it requests a user space i2c

tool.

Another interface is kernel’s GPIO sysfs which provide file interface in user space, however,

it have to re-compile kernel if configuring kernel to enable it. Some modern Linux

distribution enabled GPIO sysfs by default like Ubuntu, and some are not like

Fedora/CentOS. Please check CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS and CONFIG_GPIO_ICH in kernel config

to confirm if GPIO sysfs is enabled. For more details about kernel config and compile, please

refer to https://kernelnewbies.org/KernelBuild.

The other interface is kernel’s LED sysfs, which also provide file interface in user space. And

it is based on leds-pca9554 driver which is provided by Advantech.

4.1 Locate i2c bus of IO expander

How to locate i2c bus of IO expander is shown as below

Step 1: Make sure i2c driver is loaded

# modprobe i2c_i801

# modprobe i2c-dev

Use lsmod to check if driver is already loaded:

# sudo lsmod | grep i2c

Step 2: Install i2c-tools package

I2c tools could be installed from Ubuntu’s repository simply:

# sudo apt-get install i2c-tools

Or built from source package in website. please check README in package.

https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/utils/i2c-tools/

Step 3: Scan smbus in system by i2cdetect.

# sudo i2cdetect -l

i2c-0 smbus SMBus I801 adapter at e000 SMBus adapter

Here shows system smbus adapter is located at bus 0. Please note the bus number could be

different due to different hardware configuration, kernel version and driver of other devices.

Step 4: Confirm IO expander device appears on the smbus.

Scan the devices on smbus which is got in step 3, and smbus I/O expander appears at 0x23

# sudo i2cdetect -y 0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f

00: -- -- -- -- -- 08 -- -- -- -- -- -- --

10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

20: -- -- -- 23 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

30: 30 31 -- -- 34 35 36 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

40: -- -- -- -- 44 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

50: 50 -- -- -- -- -- 56 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6c -- -- --

70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

IO expander device address is 0x23 (7-bit address) in this system. Please note device address

might be different due to hardware configuration and product SKU, please contact

Advantech FAE if you have problem with this device address.

For FWA-1212VC, device address is defined as below.

Address (7-bit)

Usage

0x23

IO Expander

Now smbus number and device address of IO expander is ready, which will be used in

following controls.

4.2 Control Software Defined LED

4.2.1 I2c raw command to control

Here shows how to control GPIOs using i2c raw command, it will use smbus number and

device address of IO expander located in previous chapter.

Note: This usage cannot work if SW Defined LED accessed as section 4.2.3.

Step 1: Set pins to output mode, this need be done once every time Linux booted.

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x07 0x00

Here “0” is smbus number and “0x23” is device address. “0x07” is offset and “0x00” is value,

combined to set GPIO pin 0 to pin 7 to output mode. “0x00” is hex of binary “0000 0000”,

which means pin 0 to 7 is set to bit “0” (output mode).

Please note pin number could be different due to hardware configuration, product SKU,

please contact Advantech FAE if you have problem with this pin mapping.

Step 2: Control GPIOs

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xff (all above SW controllable LED off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xfe (LTE-1 LED on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xfd (LTE-2 LED on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xfb (LTE-3 LED on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xf7 (CLOUD LED on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xef (SYS LED Green on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xbf (SYS LED Orange on, other off)

# sudo i2cset -y 0 0x23 0x03 0xdf (WIFI LED on, other off)

“0” is smbus number and “0x23” is device address. “0x03” is offset, “0xff” and other values

are combined to control GPIO pin level.

Note:

“0xff” is hex of binary “1111 1111”, which means all bit is set to “1” (all off);

“0xfe” is hex of binary “1111 1110”, which means bit 0 is set to “0” (LTE-1/gpio_8 LED on);

….

4.2.2 Kernel GPIO sysfs to control

Another interface to control LED from user space is by kernel GPIO sysfs. GPIO sysfs also

depends on i2c driver thus i2c_i801 must be loaded. It will use smbus number and device

address of IO expander located in previous chapter.

For more detail, please refer to kernel document:

https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/gpio/sysfs.txt.

Step 1: Enable GPIO Driver Mode

BIOS Setup Menu -> Advanced -> SW GPIO Configuration -> SW GPIO Driver Mode [GPIO

Driver Mode]

Step 2: Probe i2c and gpio_ich drivers

# modprobe i2c_i801

# modprobe i2c-dev

# modprobe gpio_ich

Step 3: Add IO expander device to gpio sysfs

# sudo echo pca9555 0x23 > /sys/bus/i2c/devices/i2c-0/new_device

“i2c-0” is target to smbus number 0 and “0x23” is device address. "pca9555" is name of this

IO expander.

Step 4: GPIO base-port file under /sys/class/gpio (gpiochip342) appears after device are

added. However there might be several other gpio base port file, so it’s necessary to locate

which gpio base-port file.

# for L in `ls /sys/class/gpio/gpio*/label`; do echo $L; cat $L; done

/sys/class/gpio/gpiochip342/label

pca9555

Please note gpio numbers like 342 depends on kernel and hardware platform, thus it could

be different.

Step 5: Expose the GPIO pins and set it to output mode

# echo 350 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 351 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 352 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 353 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 354 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 356 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo 355 > /sys/class/gpio/export

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio350/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio351/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio352/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio353/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio354/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio356/direction

# echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio355/direction

Step 6: Control output level

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio350/value (LTE-1 LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio351/value (LTE-2 LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio352/value (LTE-3 LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio353/value (CLOUD LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio354/value (SYS Green LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio356/value (SYS Orange LED on)

# echo 0 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio355/value (WIFI LED on)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio350/value (LTE-1 LED off)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio351/value (LTE-2 LED off)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio352/value (LTE-3 LED off)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio353/value (CLOUD LED off)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio354/value (SYS Green LED off)

# echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio356/value (SYS Orange LED off)

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