Aerosoft Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X User manual

Piper PA-31T

Manual

Flight Simulator

Add-on for Microsoft

And FS2004!

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

2 3

Development: Digital Aviation

Graphics & models: Tobias Ahlbrecht

Flight Models: Alexander M. Metzger

Sounds: Dr. Achim Bürger

Programming, Gauges: Hans Hartmann

Project Management: Hans Hartmann

Manual, documentation: Martin Georg

Installer: Andreas Mügge

Airport Paderborn/Lippstadt

D-33142 Büren, Germany

Tel: +49 (0) 29 55 / 76 03-10

Fax: +49 (0) 29 55 / 76 03-33

E-Mail: [email protected]

Internet: www.aerosoft.de

www.aerosoft.com

All trademarks and brand names are trademarks or

registered trademarks of their respective owners.

2 3

Piper PA-31T

Cheyenne X

Add-on for

Microsoft Flight Simulator X

Manual

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

4 5

Content

Introduction ......................................................................6

Conﬁguration ....................................................................8

Saving your settings ........................................................... 9

Options ................................................................................ 9

Weight and Balance ......................................................... 10

Sounds volume ................................................................. 11

Basics of operation .........................................................12

Panel operation ................................................................ 12

Aircraft model operation ................................................. 14

Frequently asked questions (FAQ) ................................15

General Data ...................................................................17

Abbrevations and Terminology ....................................... 19

Instrument panels ..........................................................24

Views ................................................................................. 24

Panel navigation by clickspots ........................................ 28

Overview ........................................................................... 30

Primary Instruments - Pilot panel .................................... 37

Engine instruments .......................................................... 43

Secondary instruments - Pilot panel ............................... 44

Cockpit Instruments - Copilot panel ................................ 47

Environmental Controls - Copilot .................................... 52

4 5

Automated ﬂight ............................................................56

Cheyenne I & IA -

Bendix-King KFC250 Autopilot & Flight Director ....... 56

KFC250 Autopilot Operation Modes ........................ 60

Cheyenne II & IIXL -

Bendix-King KFC300 Autopilot & Flight Director ....... 68

Additional KFC300 Autopilot Operation Modes ........ 69

Bendix-King Avionics Paket (Radios) ............................71

KMA 28 Audio Panel Operation ............................... 72

KY 196A COM1/COM2 ............................................ 73

KY 53 TSO´d Navigation Receiver Operation ............. 76

KR 87 ADF Receiver Operation ................................. 77

KT 76C Panel-mounted Transponder Operation ........ 80

Trimble 2000 Approach Plus GPS ...................................83

Introduction ...................................................................... 83

User Interface .................................................................... 84

Pressurization system ....................................................89

Dukes Pressurization Controller (Cheyenne I & IA)Garret

Pressurization Controller (Cheyenne II & IIXL) ................ 89

TCAS (with digital VSI only) ...........................................92

Flight Tutorial ..................................................................95

Introduction ............................................................. 95

Flight controls and control feedback ......................... 95

Engine start-up ........................................................ 96

Taxi to the runway .................................................... 96

Powerback (in emergency situations only) ................ 97

Take off .................................................................... 98

Climb ....................................................................... 99

Cruise .................................................................... 100

Descent .................................................................. 100

Landing .................................................................. 101

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

6 7

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the Piper Cheyenne by Digital Aviation and

Aerosoft. We hope that you will have as much fun with it as we had

while creating it. For many years, the Cheyenne series of business

aircraft was one of the most successful for Piper. It started in the mid

sixties, when Piper decided to redesign its pressurized model „Navajo”

to accommodate propeller turbines as propulsion. On August 29th

1969 the prototype took off for his maiden ﬂight, but it took almost

another ﬁve years until the ﬁrst production aircraft went into service.

The control surfaces and ﬂight controls had to be reworked several

times, because the higher speeds were a strain to the cell. Further-

more, a ﬂooding of Pipers production facility in Lock Haven delayed

deliveries.

On October 22nd 1973, the maiden ﬂight of the ﬁrst production

aircraft Piper Cheyenne PA31T took place – powered by two

Pratt&Whitney PT6A-28s engines, developing 620hp each. When

Piper expanded the family in 1978 with a decreased variant (PT6A-11,

500hp), they renamed the initial aircraft in „Cheyenne II” and the new

variant became “Cheyenne I”. Improvements like more power, redesigned

cowlings and a new interior lead to the „Cheyenne IA”. In addition

to that, Piper stretched the Cheyenne II and built in a fourth cabin

window. Equipped with PT6A-135s (750hp) engines and an increased

MTOW by 180kg/400lb – this variant became the „Cheyenne IIXL”. In

total, 823 Cheyennes had been built, 526 Cheyenne and Cheyenne II,

215 Cheyenne I and IA, and 82 IIXL, when the production was discon-

tinued in the mid eighties. Even twenty years later, the PA31T models

have an excellent reputation for being spacious, uncomplicated and

reliable aircraft and therefore enjoy great popularity.

Our add-on features all four mentioned variants, each in three liveries

from different countries. All models possess a highly detailed 2D-panel

with various view options, a completely functional 3D cockpit with vir-

tual cabin, two different sound sets and of course a true to the original

model with many ground objects, like Ground Power Unit, towing

equipment, chock blocks and pylons.

6 7

The instrumentation is an exact rendition of its real counterparts,

based on the „Silver Crown Plus” avionics suite by Bendix-King. Auto-

pilot is either the KFC250 or the KFC300 by Bendix-King, depending

on the model you choose. The pressurization controllers are models by

Dukes and Garret. A conﬁguration program is provided to help with

individual settings.

And now we wish you many pleasant hours with our Piper Cheyenne

Add-On for the Microsoft Flight Simulator.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

8 9

Conﬁguration

The Piper Cheyenne can be fully conﬁgured using the supplied conﬁ-

guration manager. The conﬁguration manager is opened from inside

the aircraft by using the key combination SHIFT-7:

8 9

Saving your settings

Your conﬁguration settings may be either saved to disk using the

SAVE button (3) or applied to the currently loaded aircraft only, using

the button EXIT (4). When using the SAVE option, the aircraft CFG

ﬁle of the selected aircraft will be also updated, to pertain the changes

for the next time you start Microsoft Flight Simulator. Using the button

DEFAULT all conﬁguration options are reverted to their default values,

while RANDOM (2) creates a random aircraft loading.

Options

The OPTIONS section in the upper left part of the conﬁguration mana-

ger offers some advanced conﬁguration options:

5: Cold and Dark

Loads the aircraft in a „cold & dark” conﬁguration next time. All

systems are off, and you may work through the complete startup

procedure.

6: Show yoke in VC

Selecting this option displays the yoke in the virtual cockpit also.

You may want to deselect this option to get easier access to some

switches near the yoke.

7: Show analogue VSI (no TCAS)

Selecting this option displays an analogue vertical speed indicator

instead of the default digital one. In this case no TCAS is available.

8: Show HSI 3D objects in VC

Deselecting this option displays the HSI as a 2D object instead of a

3D object in the virtual cockpit. This may increase performance on

low-end systems. Also, it may be necessary when adding a third-

party HSI instead of the supllied one.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

10 11

9: Show Radar 3D objects in VC

Deselecting this option displays the radar as a 2D object instead of

a 3D object in the virtual cockpit. This is necessary if you want to

add a third-party weather radar at this place.

10: „Active Noise Reduction” (ANR) Sound Set

When using the ANR sound set, the internal engine sound is

greatly mufﬂed, as the pilot would hear it while wearing Active

Noise Reduction (ANR) headphones. Almost all pilots wear these

or similar headphones today in order to protect their hearing and

ease communication over the radios. It is very rare to see these

aircraft ﬂown without the pilot and passengers wearing headphones.

Note: After changing the sound set the aircraft needs to be

manually reloaded.

Weight and Balance

The Weight and Balance section (11-13) offers the possibility to indi-

vidually conﬁgure the loading and seating of the aircraft. The forward

and aft baggage compartments may be loaded in steps of 10 lbs., and

different crew members and passengers may be placed in any available

seat:

Children: 60 lbs.

Women: 135 lbs.

Men: 170 lbs.

10 11

Please note that for the pilot and copilot seats, only men or women

may be selected.

A detailed weights listing (18) is displayed just below the load editor.

If the loading is within limits, the TOTAL WEIGHT value is displayed in

green. Overweights are displayed in red.

Sounds volume

Four sliders are available to individually conﬁgure different portions of

the sound set:

14: Ambient sounds volume

Adjusts the volume level for click sounds and other background

noises.

15: Avionics sounds volume

Sets the volume level for aural alerts and warnings.

16: Engines sounds volume

Conﬁgures the volume level of the engine startup.

17: TCAS (Kollisionswarngerät)

Adjusts the volume level for the TCAS TA and RA sounds.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

12 13

Basics of operation

Panel operation

Microsoft Flight Simulator traditionally depends heavily upon mouse

actions to operate buttons, switches and knobs. Sometimes, click

spots may not be 100% intuitive, or the result of your action may

depend upon clicking with the left or right mouse button at the correct

location. When familiarizing yourself with the panel, it is suggested

that you turn on „tool tips”. These tips will then appear when you

hold your cursor over the various click spots, and the tips will describe

what each click spot is for. Tool tips can be activated under the FS

menu under Options / Settings / General.

The Piper Cheyenne uses a consistent, standardized approach to

operate the different controls in the aircraft panels. Following is an

overview about these methods to interact with the controls in the 2D

and 3D panels:

Push buttons: Left or right-click to operate these buttons on/off.

Guarded buttons: Guarded buttons require two steps: First, right-click

to open or close the guard covering the control. Second, left-click to

operate the button underneath. The cursor will show a solid hand.

12 13

Multi-position switches: Multi-position switches have more than one

position, and may be turned left/down or up/right. Left-click to move

the switch to the left or down, and right-click of right/up movement.

Note: You can always use your mouse wheel to operate a multi-

position switch.

Knobs with one level: Knobs are rotated left/right, or may be rotated

completely around. Left-click to rotate the knob to the left, and right-

click to rotate the knob to the right anywhere in the click spot. The

cursor will be an unﬁlled hand.

Some knobs also allow rotating them in larger steps. One example is

the heading bug, which may be rotated in steps of 1 or 10 degrees

left or right. In this case the cursor changes to a hand with „+” or

„-” in it. When the cursor shows a „-”, the knob will rotate to the

left, while a „+” will rotate it to the right. Left-clicks will rotate in low

increments, while right-clicks will rotate in high increments.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

14 15

Knobs with two levels: Some instruments contain knobs with an inner

and an outer ring. In this case, the click area is further divided into a

left and a right part. Clicks in the left half of the click spot rotate the

outer knob, while the right half adjusts the inner knob. Note that the

operation rules for one-level knobs still apply.

Note: You can always use your mouse wheel to rotate a knob.

Aircraft model operation

Several hotkeys are available to operate animated parts of the external

model and the virtual cabin. Plase note that you need to assign keys-

trokes to some of these functions in order to execute the animation.

Keystrokes can be assigned via the „Assignments” menu option in the

OPTIONS => ASSIGNMENTS menu in MS Flight Simulator.

Main passenger door: SHIFT-E (Standard key for doors in Flight Simulator)

Front baggage door: Wings fold/unfold

Aft baggage door: UMSCHALT-E-3

Tische in der Kabine: Tail hook extend/retract

Desks in virtual cabin: Click on a desk to fold/unfold it.

External objects: Chocks, external power unit, tow bar etc. will

appear when the following conditions are met:

• parking brake set

• Prop controls: STOP

• Engines OFF

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Frequently asked

questions (FAQ)

VOR/GPS Switch operation:

As soon as the NAV1 radio is tuned to a valid ILS frequency, the VOR/

GPS switch changes to VOR and the autopilot to NAV ARM mode. If

a valid ILS frequency is in range, the autopilot will follow it´s localizer

beam. Valid ILS frequencies are between 108.10 and 111.95 and the

decimal part starts with an odd digit: 108.10, 108.15, 108.30, 108.35,

108.50, ..., 108.95, 109.10, 109.15, ..., 111.95.

Engine Start

You need to follow the engine start procedure as described (see PDF

on your CDROM). CTRL-E will not work.

Panel and cabin lights (virtual cabin)

Due to limitations in Microsoft Flight Simulator, the panel instruments

light and the virtual cabin light are tied together. They can´t be operated

independently.

Autopilot and ﬂight director operation

Activation of the autopilot requires the ﬂight director to be active.

Always check that you have turned on the ﬂight director before activa-

ting the autopilot.

Trimble GPS airports, navaids and waypoints selection

Display of available airports, navaids and waypoints in the GPS is rest-

ricted to a 2000nm radius around your aircraft position.

Trimble GPS keyboard entry mode

If keyboard commands don´t seem to work at all, make sure SCROLL

LOCK is switched off, because all keyboard inputs will be intercepted

by the GPS as long as SCROLL LOCK IS ON.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

16 17

Cold & Dark state

After loading in cold & dark state, wait some time for all engine in-

struments to show zero before you begin any startup procedures. We

strongly suggest loading the Cheyenne from the default „Trike over

Friday Harbour” situation every time!

16 17

General Data

Power plants

Cheyenne I Cheyenne IA Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

Number of

engines

2

Pratt & Whitney (UACL)

Manufacturer

Model number PT6A-11s PT6A-28s PT6A-135s

Rated

Horsepower

500 PS

620 PS

Propeller Speed 2200 rpm 2200 rpm 1900 rpm

Dry weight 317 lbs. 323 lbs.

Propeller

Cheyenne I Cheyenne IA Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

Number of

propellers

2

Manufacturer Hartzell

Blade Model T-10173-B-8 T-10173-K-8 T-10173-HB-8

T-10173-B-8

T-10178-B-8R

Number of

Blades

3

Diameter (Inch) 93 inch

Propeller Type

Hydraulically operated, constant speed, full feathering, reversible

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

18 19

Fuel

Cheyenne I Cheyenne IA Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

Capacity without

tip tanks

308 gal.

with tip tanks 374 gal.

Usable fuel

without tip tanks

300 gal.

with Tip Tanks 366 gal.

Fuel grade Jet A

Weights

Cheyenne I Cheyenne IA Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

Ramp Weight 8750 lbs. 9050 lbs. 9540 lbs.

Standard Empty

Weight

5110 lbs. 4976 lbs. 5874 lbs.

Maximum

Useful Load

3640 lbs. 4074 lbs. 4053 lbs.

Max. Takoff

Weight

8700 lbs. 9000 lbs. 9474 lbs.

Max. Landing

Weight

8700 lbs.

9000 lbs.

Max. Zero Fuel

Weight

7200 lbs. 7600 lbs.

Max. Weight in

forward baggage

compartment

300 lbs.

Max. Weight

in aft baggage

compartment

200 lbs.

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Abbrevations and Terminology

(a) General Airspeed Terminology

CAS Calibrated Airspeed means the indicated speed of an aircraft,

corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated Air-

speed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea

level.

KCAS Calibrated Airspeed expressed in „Knots“.

GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the

ground.

IAS Indicated Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft as shown on

the airspeed indicator when corrected for instrument error.

IAS values published in this manual assume zero instrument

error.

KIAS Indicated Airspeed, expressed in „Knots“.

M Mach Speed (Mach Number) is the ratio of true airspeed to

the speed of sound.

TAS True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane relative to undis-

turbed air which is the CAS corrected for altitude, tempera-

ture and compressibility.

V

A

Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which applica-

tion of full available aerodynamic control will not overstress

the airplane.

V

FE

Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permis-

sible with wing ﬂaps in a prescribed, extended position.

V

LE

Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speedis the maximum

speed at which an aircraft can be safely ﬂown with the lan-

ding gear extended.

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Aerosoft GmbH 2007

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V

LO

Maximum Landing Gear Operating Speed is the maximum

speed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or

retracted.

V

MCA

Air Minimum Control Speed is the minimum ﬂight speed at

which the airplane is directionally controllable as determined

in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations.

V

MO/MMO

Maximum Operating Speed is the speed limit that may not

be deliberately exceeded in normal ﬂight operations. V is

expressed in Knots and M in mach number.

V

NO

Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should

not be exceeded except in smooth air and then only with

caution.

V

S

Stall Speed or the minimum steady ﬂight speed at which the

airplane is controllable.

V

SO

Stall Speed or the minimum steady ﬂight speed at which the

airplane is controllable in landing conﬁguration.

VSSE Intentional One Engine Inoperative Speed is the minimum

speed selected by the manufacturer for intentionally rende-

ring one engine inoperative in ﬂight for pilot training.

VX Best Angle of Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the

greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal

distance..

VY Best Rate of Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the

greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time.

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Aerosoft Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X User manual

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