Grundfos DIT Installation And Operating Instructions Manual
- Category
- Measuring, testing & control
- Type
- Installation And Operating Instructions Manual
DIT
Photometer
GRUNDFOS ALLDOS INSTRUCTIONS
Installation and operating instructions
Declaration of Conformity
We Grundfos Alldos declare under our sole responsibility that the product
DIT, to which this declaration relates, is in conformity with the Council
Directives on the approximation of the laws of the EC Member States
relating to
— Electromagnetic compatibility (89/336/EEC).
Standards used:
EN 61326: 1997 + A1: 1998 + A2: 2001, Class B
EN 61326: 1997 / A1: 1998 + A2: 2001
EN 60950: 12/2001 (power pack)
EN 61000-6-2: 08/2002 (power pack)
EN 61000-6-3: 08/2002 (power pack).
— Electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits
(73/23/EEC) [95].
Standard used: EN 61010-1: 2002.
Pfinztal, 1st April 2008
W. Schwald
Managing Director
Ulrich Stemick
Technical Director
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3
CONTENTS
Page
1. Symbols used in this document 3
2. General information 3
2.1 Warranty 3
3. Identification 4
3.1 Nameplate 4
3.2 Type key 4
4. Applications 4
5. Safety 4
5.1 Obligations of owner 4
5.2 Avoidance of danger 4
6. Construction and function 5
6.1 Construction of the instrument 5
6.2 Functional principle 6
6.3 Functioning of the electrochemical pH determination
and temperature measuring (DIT-S) 6
6.4 Functioning of the electrochemical determination
of the redox potential (DIT-S) 6
6.5 Measuring ranges and tolerances 6
6.6 Technical data 7
7. Connections (DIT-S) 7
7.1 pH/redox electrode 7
7.2 Temperature sensor 7
7.3 Printer interface 8
7.4 Accumulator charging socket 8
8. Operation 8
8.1 Switching on and switching off 8
8.2 Operating buttons 8
8.3 Overview of functions 8
8.4 Configuration of the instrument 10
9. Photometrical measuring 12
9.1 General notes for handling the DIT 12
9.2 Reference adjustment 12
9.3 Operator guidance and advice for photometrical
measuring 12
9.4 Aluminium 13
9.5 Ammonium 14
9.6 Free chlorine, total chlorine and combined chlorine 14
9.7 Chloride 15
9.8 Chlorine dioxide 16
9.9 Determination of chlorine dioxide, free chlorine,
total chlorine and chlorite within the chlorine dioxide
determination 16
9.10 Chromium 17
9.11 Cyanide 18
9.12 Cyanuric acid 18
9.13 Iron 19
9.14 Fluoride 19
9.15 Hydrazine 20
9.16 Manganese 20
9.17 Nickel 21
9.18 Nitrate 21
9.19 Nitrite 22
9.20 Ozone (in absence of chlorine) 22
9.21 Ozone in the presence of total chlorine
(selective determination) 23
9.22 Phosphate 23
9.23 Photometrical determination of the pH value 24
10. pH measuring 24
10.1 Configuration 24
10.2 Unit of temperature 24
10.3 Automatic switching-off (auto off) 24
10.4 Calibration 25
10.5 Interrogation of calibration data 25
10.6 Measuring 25
11. Redox measuring 26
11.1 Configuration 26
11.2 Measuring 26
12. Maintenance and repair 26
12.1 Battery exchange (DIT-N/DIT-S) 26
12.2 Recharging the accumulator (DIT-S) 26
12.3 Cleaning 27
13. Error messages and error correction 27
13.1 Errors and defects of hardware and software 27
13.2 Error messages caused by measuring errors
or defective peripheral equipment 27
14. Disposal 27
1. Symbols used in this document
2. General information
These installation and operating instructions contain all
information important for users of the DIT Compact Photometers:
• technical data
• instructions on commissioning, use and maintenance
• safety information.
Should you require further information or should you encounter
problems occur that are not handled in sufficient depth in this
manual, please contact Grundfos Alldos.
We shall be pleased to support you with our comprehensive
know-how in the fields of measuring and control technology as
well as water treatment.
We always welcome suggestions on how to optimise our
installation and operating instructions to satisfy our customers.
2.1 Warranty
A warranty claim in accordance with our general terms of sale
and delivery is only valid if these requirements are complied with:
• The instrument has been used in accordance with the
information in this manual.
• The instrument has not been dismantled or handled
incorrectly.
• Repairs have only been carried out by authorised personnel.
• Only original parts have been used during repairs.
• Only components approved by Grundfos Alldos are used in
the entire system.
The following typical wear parts are excluded from the warranty:
• gaskets, O-rings, vials.
Warning
These complete installation and operating
instructions are also available on
www.Grundfosalldos.com.
Prior to installation, read these installation and
operating instructions. Installation and operation
must comply with local regulations and accepted
codes of good practice.
Warning
If these safety instructions are not observed,
it may result in personal injury!
Caution
If these safety instructions are not observed,
it may result in malfunction or damage to the
equipment!
Note
Notes or instructions that make the job easier
and ensure safe operation.
4
3. Identification
3.1 Nameplate
Fig. 1 DIT nameplate
3.2 Type key
4. Applications
The DIT Compact Photometer is dedicated for routine analysis in
water-treatment monitoring.
The instrument is available in three versions:
• The DIT-B allows photometrical determination of up to seven
parameters which are especially dedicated for pool-water
applications.
• The DIT-N allows photometrical determination of up to
11 parameters.
• The DIT-S allows photometrical determination of up to
18 parameters. Additionally, the pH value and the redox
potential can be measured. For protocolling the results,
a printer can be connected.
5. Safety
The photometer has been constructed and tested in accordance
with safety-protective measures for electronic equipment and has
left the works in perfect condition satisfying safety requirements.
5.1 Obligations of owner
The owner of the system is responsible for the following:
• compliance with country-specific safety regulations
• training of operating personnel
• provision of prescribed protective gear
• implementation of regular maintenance.
5.2 Avoidance of danger
If safe operation cannot be ensured any longer, the DIT Compact
Photometer is to be put out of service and safeguarded against
unintentional operation. This is the case under the following
circumstances:
• The DIT Compact Photometer shows visible damage.
• The DIT Compact Photometer seems to be inoperative.
• After a long storage time under unfavourable circumstances.
TM04 0348 0508
Pos. Description
1 Type designation
2 Model
3 Product name
4 Product number
5 Year and week of production
6 Country of origin
7 Marks of approval, CE mark, etc.
8 Serial number
Example: DIT -B C -PT GEF G
Model
DIT Test photometer
Applications
BPool water
S Drinking water
NUniversal
R Universal incl. reagents
Casing
C With suitcase
X Without suitcase
Electrodes
PT Portable pH electrode
RT Portable redox electrode
X No electrodes
Languages
GEF German/English/French (standard version)
GED German/English/Danish
GFD German/French/Dutch
Supply voltage
G 1 x 230 V, 50/60 Hz, European plug
I 9 V battery (models B and N only)
DIT-B C-X-X, GEF, I
310-055-10000
S/N: 07/63516
DIT, B, C, X, X, GEF, I
96609108P1107380763516
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
Warning
Do not dismantle the instrument components!
Cleaning, maintenance and repair must only be
carried out by authorised personnel!
5
6. Construction and function
6.1 Construction of the instrument
The DIT-N and DIT-B versions are powered by a 9 V monoblock
battery. For the S version, a rechargeable accumulator is used.
The multilingual plain-text display offers high operation
convenience. The user can choose English, German, French,
Dutch or Danish language (depending on software version).
Three operating modes can be selected:
• In normal mode, all analysis steps will be displayed.
• The expert mode for the proficient user shows shortened texts
and does not request every single step, which results in saving
of time.
• The professional mode activates the expert mode
permanently. The professional mode is switched on and off in
the configuration menu. It is used in all parameters.
See section 9.3.1 Carrying out the measuring.
Fig. 2 View of instrument (DIT-S)
TM03 6748 4506
6
6.2 Functional principle
The photometer operates according to the two-beam bi-frequency
principle with carrier-frequency technology. The sample is
transilluminated by two light beams of different frequency, both
modulated by the carrier frequency. This method, shown in fig. 3,
allows the perfect compensation of disturbing influences by
turbidity of the sample, external light and ageing of the light
sources.
By adding reagents to the water sample, a chemical reaction with
the substance that shall be determined is produced. The products
of the reaction cause a colouring of the sample. The intensity of
the colouring depends on the amount of the substance in the
sample. The absorption of the light depends on the intensity of
the colouring and is a measure of the concentration of the
substance.
Fig. 3 Functional principle (schematic)
6.3 Functioning of the electrochemical pH
determination and temperature measuring (DIT-S)
A single-rod electrode can be connected for electrochemical
measuring of the pH value. By using a high-resistance amplifier,
the signal will be evaluated and displayed. The influence of
temperature on the pH value can be compensated and displayed
by using electrodes with built-in thermocouple. Different types of
buffer solutions can be used for calibration.
With all versions, the pH value can also be determined
photometrically, but within a smaller measuring range.
6.4 Functioning of the electrochemical determination
of the redox potential (DIT-S)
The redox potential can be measured by using a single-rod redox
electrode. As this is a potential measuring, calibration is not
necessary.
6.5 Measuring ranges and tolerances
6.5.1 Photometrical measuring
TM03 6749 4506
Reference receiver
Vial
Measuring cell
LED light source
Measuring wavelength
Reference wavelength
Parameter
Version Measuring range Accuracy
B N S [mg/l] [% of value + x mg/l]
Aluminium x x x 0.02 - 0.5 ± (6 % + 0.02)
Ammonium – x x 0.2 - 3.0 ± (6 % + 0.2)
Chlorine (free and total) x x x 0.03 - 5.0 ± (6 % + 0.03)
Chloride – – x 1 - 25 ± (10 % + 1)
Chlorine dioxide x x x 0.03 - 10.0 ± (6 % + 0.03)
Chromium – – x 0.03 - 0.5 ± (6 % + 0.03)
Cyanide – – x 0.01 - 0.7 ± (6 % + 0.01)
Cyanuric acid x x x 1 - 200 ± (10 % + 1)
Iron x x x 0.1 - 1.2 ± (6 % + 0.1)
Fluoride – x x 0.1 - 2.0 ± (6 % + 0.1)
Hydrazine – – x 0.05 - 3.0 ± (10 % + 0.05)
Manganese – – x 0.05 - 4.0 ± (6 % + 0.05)
Nickel – – x 0.05 - 4.0 ± (6 % + 0.05)
Nitrate – x x 0.5 - 30 ± (10 % + 0.5)
Nitrite – x x 0.02 - 1.0 ± (6 % + 0.02)
Ozone x x x 0.02 - 3.0 ± (6 % + 0.02)
Phosphate – – x 0.07 - 4.5 ± (6 % + 0.07)
pH (photometrical) x x x pH 6 - pH 8.5 ± 0.15 pH
7
6.5.2 Electrochemical measuring (only DIT-S)
pH measuring
Measuring of redox potential
Temperature measuring
6.6 Technical data
6.6.1 DIT-N/DIT-B
6.6.2 DIT-S
Fig. 4 Connector pin assignment
Interface cable
7. Connections (DIT-S)
7.1 pH/redox electrode
For the connection of a pH or redox electrode, there is a coaxial
socket (B).
If no electrode is connected, the protecting cap must be screwed
onto the socket to prevent intrusion of humidity.
7.2 Temperature sensor
The temperature sensor is integrated in the pH electrode. It can
be connected using a banana plug to the corresponding socket
(A) to the left of the coaxial socket.
The instrument automatically recognises if an electrode with or
without temperature sensor is being used. If a temperature
sensor is used, it automatically switches to automatic
temperature compensation before pH measuring. Otherwise, the
temperature has to be measured in a different way and must be
entered manually. See section 10. pH measuring.
This socket need not be protected by a cap.
Measuring range 0-14 pH
Resolution 0.01 pH
Accuracy ± 0.03 pH
Temperature
compensation
Manual or automatic
Resolution 0.1 °C (1 °F)
Temperature range 0 °C to 80 °C (32 °F to 176 °F)
Two-point
calibration with
AUTO-READ
function
Sensitivity display Within –62 mV/pH to –50 mV/pH
Display of
asymmetry voltage
Within ± 60 mV
Error message for
leaving measuring
range
Stored standard
buffer solutions
(at 25 °C)
• 4.01 pH / 7.00 pH / 9.18 pH
(Grundfos Alldos)
• 4.01 pH / 6.86 pH / 9.18 pH
(DIN / NIST)
Measuring range ± 1190 mV
Resolution 1 mV
Accuracy
± 4 mV (within –700 mV to 700 mV),
± 7 mV (outside of –700 mV to 700 mV)
Error message for
leaving measuring
range
Measuring range 20 °C to 80 °C (–4 °F to 176 °F)
Resolution 0.1 °C (1 °F)
Accuracy
± 0.4 °C (within 5 °C to 70 °C)
± 1.0 °F (within 41 °F to 158 °F)
± 1.0 °C (outside of 5 °C to 70 °C)
± 2.0 °F (outside of 41 °F to 158 °F)
Display
LCD, alphanumeric, four lines, 10 signs
each
Operating
languages
English, German, French, Dutch, Danish
(depending on software version)
Optics
Two-beam bi-frequency principle with
carrier frequency technology
Enclosure material ABS
Enclosure class IP65
Dimensions 52 x 121 x 252 mm
Permissible
operating
temperature (unit)
+5 °C to +45 °C
Permissible storage
temperature (unit)
–20 °C to +70 °C
Permissible
humidity
90 % (non-condensing)
Vials ∅22 mm
Power supply
9 V monoblock battery, indication of
battery exchange
Weight About 600 g incl. battery
Automatic
switching-off
(power down)
After 45 seconds
Power supply
Rechargeable accumulator, indication of
low voltage if the voltage drops
below 6.8 V
Weight About 690 g incl. accumulator
Memory capacity
100 measuring results, acoustic signal
and display indication for full memory
Automatic
switching-off
(power down)
• After 45 seconds (photometrical
measuring)
• After 80 seconds (electrochemical
measuring)
Interface
RS-232C, 4800 baud, eight bits, one start
bit and one stop bit, no parity
TM03 6750 4506
Pin Description
1RxD
2TxD
3GND
4Free
Colour Conductor assignment
Brown RxD
White TxD
Blue GND
Note
The connections described below are only
available with the DIT-S version.
4
12
3
8
7.3 Printer interface
For protocolling the measuring results, a protocolling printer can
be connected to the RS-232C interface (C), which also allows
data transfer to a personal computer. See section
8.4.7 Configuration of the printer and storage of measuring
results (DIT-S).
If no cable is connected, the red protecting cap must be screwed
onto the socket.
7.4 Accumulator charging socket
This socket (D) serves for recharging the built-in accumulator.
See section 12.2 Recharging the accumulator (DIT-S).
If the power supply adapter is not connected, the red protecting
cap must be screwed onto the socket.
Fig. 5 Connections of DIT-S
8. Operation
8.1 Switching on and switching off
Press any button to switch on the DIT.
The instrument is designed with energy-saving CMOS
technology. To save the capacity of the battery or accumulator, an
automatic switching-off function has been integrated. This power-
down mode will be activated after 45 seconds (photometrical
measuring) or 80 seconds (electrochemical measuring, pH,
redox) if no button has been pressed meanwhile. By pressing any
button, the instrument will be activated and continues at the last
position of the program.
Therefore, there is no separate button for switching on or off the
instrument.
8.2 Operating buttons
There are four buttons for operating the instrument.
• The [Up] and [Down] buttons can be used to change between
the lines of the menus and pages.
• With [OK] the selected submenu or the selected function can
accessed.
• [Esc] leads back to the main menu and also interrupts
measuring.
Fig. 6 DIT photometer
8.3 Overview of functions
The whole menu tree is shown on the next page. After switching
on, the instrument continues in the same menu as before
switching off.
The cancel function, which is selected using [OK] like all other
functions, leads back to the previous menu level, and the [Esc]
button leads back to the main menu from every menu level
(except photometrical measuring).
In connection with photometrical measuring, the [Esc] button
leads back to the menu of the selected parameter (in the first
menu level).
Functions marked with *) and the following ones are only
available with the DIT-S.
Warning
The IP65 enclosure class only applies if the
protecting caps are screwed onto the sockets.
TM03 6751 4506
Pos. Description
A Temperature sensor
BpH/redox
CPrinter
D Accu charging
ABCD
TM03 6752 4506
Display
Buttons
Vial hole
9
Fig. 7 Overview of functions / menu tree
TM03 6753 4506
Main menu
photom.
First menu level Second menu level Third menu level
pH *)
redox *)
config
reference
aluminium
measure
cal
measure
configure
cancel
cancel
language
time
date
parameter
profi mod
cancel
...
<other
parameters>
...
config
cal data
cancel
unit
version
document. *)
measure
blanktest
zerocheck
cancel
ALLDOS
DIN/NIST
others
cancel
°C / °F
auto off
cancel
auto off
cancel
D
GB
F
mg/l
ppm
cancel
<parameter>
inactive
active
cancel
on
off
cancel
printer
memory
config
cancel
on
off
cancel
RS-232C
printer
cancel
on
off
print
delete
cancel
10
8.4 Configuration of the instrument
Configuration means that certain features of the instrument can
be adjusted to the user's demand.
The operation with the four buttons is the same for all functions,
as described in section 8.2 Operating buttons.
8.4.1 Operating language
Select (starting from the main menu) the configuration menu
"config" with the [Up] and [Down] buttons. Press [OK] to access
this menu. After that, select "language" in the same way.
"D" means German, "GB" means English, "F" means French,
"NL" means Dutch and "DK" means Danish (available languages
depending on software version). Select the required language
with the [Up] and [Down] buttons, and press [OK] to confirm the
selection. The instrument returns to the previous menu level, and
all display messages will from now on be shown in the selected
language.
8.4.2 Real-time clock
With the menu item "time" in the configuration menu, the built-in
real-time clock can be set. This is necessary after battery
exchange (DIT-N/DIT-B) or after the accumulator has been totally
discharged (DIT-S).
The time shown in the display will be different from this example,
as the clock starts at "00:00:00" after battery exchange. The first
digit flashes and can be adjusted using the [Up] button. This only
works in ascending direction; after "9" it starts again with "0".
With the [Down] button, the next digit can be selected and then
adjusted in the same way. Confirm with [OK] after setting the
time. The instrument then returns to the configuration menu.
8.4.3 Date
This menu item can be used to set the day and the date.
Now the day flashes and can be set using the [Up] button.
The [Down] button can be used to select the other values and set
them in the same way. Confirm with [OK], after which the
instrument returns to the configuration menu.
8.4.4 Parameter
This menu item is used for taking single parameters out of the
menu "photom.". This is useful if not all parameters are needed at
any time, as it shortens the menu and saves operating time.
On demand, the parameters can be switched on again. When
selecting the menu item "parameter", the following display will
appear:
"active" means that the parameter is available in the
"photom." menu. Select using the [Up] and [Down] buttons, and
confirm the selection by pressing [OK]. Then the next parameter
will appear, which can be handled in the same way, etc. After the
last parameter, [OK] leads back to the configuration menu.
To finish the selection before that, select "cancel" and press [OK].
8.4.5 Unit
With this menu item it is possible to choose the unit in which the
results will appear. The units "mg/l" and "ppm" (parts per million)
are available.
Select the required unit, and confirm with [OK]. "cancel" leads
back to the configuration menu without having made any
changes.
8.4.6 Interrogation for hardware and software version
For service purposes, it is possible to look up the hardware and
software versions of the instrument. Select the menu item
"version" in the configuration menu.
This example means that the hardware is version 3.22 and the
software is version 2.58. Please keep in mind the numbers shown
on the display in case of service.
language
-> D
GB
F
set time
02:13:07
set date
TUE
01/08/01
Note
In German, French, Danish and Dutch, the date is
shown as day/month/year. In English, it is shown
as month/day/year.
The switching between these two display modes
happens automatically when selecting the
corresponding language.
aluminium
inactive
-> active
cancel
unit
-> mg/l
ppm
cancel
Note
If the unit is changed after measuring, the results
will be printed with the present unit.
version
HW 3.22
SW 2.58
11
8.4.7 Configuration of the printer and storage of measuring
results (DIT-S)
In the configuration menu, the menu item "document." is used for
configuring the serial interface and to decide if the results will be
stored, printed or deleted.
Selection "printer"
"on" or "off" decide if the printer can be used for printing data.
When the result has been displayed and the [OK] button has
been pressed, the display will ask you if you want to print the
result.
The [Up] and [Down] buttons are used to select if the result
should be printed.The printing is started by pressing [OK].
Then the instrument returns to the parameter menu.
Selection "memory"
"on" and "off" decide if the results will be stored in the memory,
and "print" sends all data being stored to the printer.
"delete" erases all stored results, and "cancel" leads back to the
previous menu without having changed anything.
When the result has been displayed and the [OK] button has
been pressed, the display will ask you if you want to save the
result.
The [Up] and [Down] buttons are used to select if the result
should be saved. By pressing [OK] the saving will be executed.
Then the instrument returns to the parameter menu.
100 results can be stored. When reaching this, an error message
will appear and shortly after that the message "print memory".
The [Up] and [Down] buttons are used to select if the memory
contents should be printed. By pressing [OK], the printing will
start and the instrument returns to the parameter menu.
Selection "config":
If "RS-232C" is selected, the data will be sent to the serial
interface without control characters for the printer in ASCII format
and can be received by a personal computer.
If "printer" is selected, the data will be conditioned for a protocol
printer. At the end of each line, the control characters for line feed
(0Ahex) and carriage return (0Dhex) are inserted.
See section 13. Error messages and error correction.
Note
The functions described below are only available
for the DIT-S.
document
-> printer
memory
config
cancel
printer
-> on
off
cancel
print
-> yes
no
Note
The data can either be printed immediately or be
stored.
The selection "printer on" automatically defines
"memory off" and vice versa.
These two functions can both be switched off,
but they cannot be switched on simultaneously.
memory
-> on
off
print
delete
cancel
memory
-> yes
no
warning
-> memory is full
print memory
-> yes
no
config
-> RS-232C
printer
cancel
12
9. Photometrical measuring
9.1 General notes for handling the DIT
9.1.1 Handling the photometer
• Keep the vial hole clean. No reagents should get into the hole.
Clean the vial hole carefully with a dry and soft cloth.
• The instrument must be horizontal during measuring.
• Protect from direct light (sunlight)!
• Condensation water in the vial hole can provoke incorrect
measurements! Clean the vial hole carefully with a dry and
soft cloth.
• Do not use aggressive solvents.
See section 12.3 Cleaning.
9.1.2 Handling the vials
• Keep the vials clean. They can be cleaned with normal
cleaning products.
• Lime scum can be removed with diluted hydrochloric acid
(HCl 10 %).
• Scratched or opaque vials should be replaced.
• It is not necessary to cover the vials, but direct sunlight should
be avoided.
• Observe the vial inscriptions! Vials especially dedicated for the
determination of one parameter must not be used for other
analysis to avoid the carry-over of chemicals.
• Take care that the vial is dry on the outside! Clean the vial with
a dry and soft cloth before measuring. Beware of moisture if
handling very cold sample water! Moisture on the vial or in the
vial hole provokes incorrect measurements!
• Observe the preference direction of the vial (black vertical
marking).
9.1.3 Handling and dosing the reagents
• Observe the best-before date of the reagents. It is printed on
the packaging and must not be exceeded.
• Store the reagents at temperatures between 15 °C and 25 °C
(unless otherwise indicated). Otherwise, the quality and
durability will suffer.
• To obtain a uniform size of drops, hold the dropping bottle
vertically.
• Powder reagents must not get moist.
• Protect all reagents from light.
• Close the reagent bottles immediately after use to avoid
chemical reactions for example with oxygen or carbon dioxide
in the air.
• Before measuring, the vials must be rinsed with water to be
tested.
• Never interchange the covering caps of the reagent bottles.
This could lead to chemical reactions, resulting in unusability
of the reagents.
9.2 Reference adjustment
9.2.1 Reference
Before doing photometrical measuring, the instrument must be
adjusted to zero. This is necessary after commissioning, after
long periods of storage or after temperature variation (10 °C).
The basic factory adjustment will not be influenced. Fill a vial with
sample water without adding any reagents. Select "photom." in
the main menu and then the menu item "reference". The
instrument then asks the user to insert the vial. After pressing
[OK], the DIT does the zero-measuring. This is finished after
70 seconds, and the instrument returns to the "photom." menu.
9.2.2 Zero check
Before each measuring, the zero adjustment can be checked.
When having selected a parameter, it is possible to select
"zerocheck". The instrument asks the user to fill a vial with 10 ml
of the sample water and insert it. Confirm both operations by
pressing [OK], and the DIT does a quick checking of the zero
value. After measuring, the result is displayed in extinction units
(dgt). Ideally, it should be 0.000 dgt. If it is more than ± 0.007 dgt,
the reference adjustment described above must be repeated.
If the result is acceptable, the display will show "zerocheck o.k.",
and in case of major difference "zerockeck error".
If different parameters shall be determined in succession, this
zero check has to be executed before each measurement.
9.3 Operator guidance and advice for photometrical
measuring
The basic operating mode is the same for all photometrical
measurings.
9.3.1 Carrying out the measuring
Select the menu item "photom." in the main menu and then the
parameter to be determined. Then the options "measure",
"zerocheck", "cancel" and, if necessary, "blanktest" will appear.
"measure" leads to the measurement itself. If it is selected by
pressing [OK] once, all analysis steps will be requested by the
instrument and have to be confirmed by the user. All steps and
waiting times listed in the following sections will be shown.
Especially in connection with waiting for the reaction time, this is
very useful, as no other clock will be needed. After the waiting
time, an acoustic signal indicates that the vial can be inserted,
which has to be confirmed by pressing [OK]. Now the DIT does
the photometrical measuring and shows the result or, if
necessary, an error message. The end of the measurement is
also indicated by an acoustic signal. After pressing [OK] again,
the result can be printed or stored, and the instrument returns to
the parameter menu.
9.3.2 Expert mode and professional mode
If "measure" is selected by pressing [OK] twice, the instrument
changes to the expert mode. The step-by-step guidance will then
not be shown. This is useful for proficient users, as it shortens the
operating time. However, the reaction times must be kept!
The expert mode cannot be switched on permanently, but has to
be selected for each measurement by pressing [OK] twice. If the
so-called professional mode ("profi mode") is switched on in the
configuration menu, the expert mode described above is
continuously switched on.
Caution
This photometer is a highly sensitive measuring
instrument.
For maximum performance and lifetime, careful
operation of the instrument and its accessories is
necessary.
Avoid vibrations, direct sunlight and humidity.
Caution
Due to conversion of production, the dosing
prescriptions may change.
In case of doubt, observe the prescriptions
printed on the reagent bottles.
Caution
Only an correctly made reference will give a
correct measurement!
13
9.3.3 Blank test
For some parameters an additional blank test is necessary, as the
reagents have a certain inherent colour, which occurs even if
there is no co-reactant at all. The zero value described above is
based upon the characteristics of the system "photometer, vial
and sample" and therefore is the same for all parameters.
For doing the blank test, the measurement has to be executed
with the diluting water instead of the sample in order only to
determine the colouring caused not by the reaction. All analysis
steps, such as reagent-adding and waiting times, are the same.
It is also possible to choose either detailed operator guidance or
expert mode.
After the blank test, no result will be shown. It is, however, stored
by the instrument and will later be subtracted from the measuring
result.
See section 13. Error messages and error correction.
9.3.4 Dilution
If the measuring result exceeds the measuring range (the error
message "value exceed" is displayed), the sample water can be
diluted with distilled water. See section 6.5 Measuring ranges and
tolerances.
In this case, proceed as follows:
• At the step "fill in 10 ml sample" requested on the display, first
add 9 ml distilled water with the syringe.
• Then add 1 ml sample water with the syringe, close the vial
and shake.
• Continue with the measurement as requested on the display.
• Multiply the measuring result by 10: result in mg/l or ppm.
9.4 Aluminium
Reagent not for sea-water use!
Before determining the aluminium concentration, a blank
test has to be made. See section 9.3.3 Blank test.
9.4.1 Aluminium determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "aluminium", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure" or "blanktest", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. In case of
blank test: 10 ml of the diluting water. Press [OK].
5. Add one level spoon (grey) of Al reagent 1, close the vial and
shake. Press [OK].
6. Add three drops of Al reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Add four drops of Al reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
8. Wait for seven minutes.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: aluminium concentration in mg/l or ppm.
10.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
Caution
The blank test is necessary after commissioning,
after battery exchange or recharging of a totally
discharged accumulator and before the use of
new reagent batches.
Caution
Carry out the dilution process very carefully in
order to guarantee the utmost accuracy.
Determination
method
Reaction of Al
3+
with Chromazurol-S in
weakly acetate-buffered medium with
production of a red-violet colorant
Measuring range 0.02 to 0.5 mg/l Al
3+
Reagent
temperature range
Higher than 25 °C
Analysis time About seven minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Warning
Reagent 2 contains dimethylsulfoxide.
R 36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
Note
At storage under 20 °C the elements of reagent 2
crystallise. If that is the case, warm up the
reagent slightly and shake.
14
9.5 Ammonium
Reagent not for sea-water use!
Before determining the ammonium concentration, a blank
test has to be made. See section 9.3.3 Blank test.
9.5.1 Ammonium determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ammonium", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure" or "blanktest", and press [OK].
4. Fill NH
4
vial with 10 ml of the water sample. In case of blank
test: 10 ml of the diluting water. Press [OK].
5. Add 1.2 ml of NH
4
reagent 1 with a small syringe (1.0 ml),
close the vial and shake. Press [OK].
6. Add two level micro-spoons (blue) of NH
4
reagent 2, close the
vial and shake. Press [OK].
7. Wait for five minutes.
8. Add 10 drops of NH
4
reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
9. Wait for seven minutes.
10.Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: ammonium concentration in mg/l or ppm.
11.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9.6 Free chlorine, total chlorine and combined
chlorine
9.6.1 Free chlorine determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "Cl2 free", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-1. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: concentration of free chlorine in mg/l or ppm.
8. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
Determination
method
Reaction of ammonium with hypochlorite
via monochloroamine with thymole to a
blue indophenole
Measuring range 0.2 to 3.0 mg/l NH
4
+
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About 12 minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 250
Warning
Reagent 1 contains sodium hydroxide.
R 36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
S2: Keep out of the reach of children.
Warning
Reagent 3 contains sodium nitroprusside.
R 11: Highly flammable.
R 23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with
skin and if swallowed.
S 7: Keep container tightly closed.
S 16: Keep away from sources of ignition -
No smoking.
Caution
Because of the sensitive reaction used for the
determination of ammonium, only the especially
dedicated vial with the inscription "NH
4
" may be
used.
This vial must not be used for any other analysis!
To avoid measuring errors, take care of extreme
cleanness when preparing the sample.
The syringe and spoon must carefully be rinsed
after the analysis in order to avoid carry-over of
chemicals.
Determination
method
Oxidation of dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine
by chlorine, HOCl and OCl, producing a
red-violet substance of the "Wurster's red"
type
Measuring range 0.03 to 5 mg/l Cl
2
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About two minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 350
Warning
Reagent 2 contains N,N-diethyl-1,4-
phenylenediaminesulfate.
R 21/22: Harmful in contact with skin and if
swallowed.
Caution
Observe the inscriptions on the vials in order to
avoid the carry-over of chemicals.
Vial Cl
2
-1 may only come into contact with Cl
2
reagent 1 and Cl
2
reagent 2.
Never put Cl
2
reagent 3 into vial Cl
2
-1.
Never determine free chlorine in vial Cl
2
-2.
Caution
Always determine the value of free chlorine
before determining total chlorine and combined
chlorine.
Note
The share of combined chlorine will not be
measured separately, but will be calculated
based on the difference of the total chlorine
concentration and the concentration of free
chlorine. For this calculation, the value of free
chlorine determined last will be used.
15
9.6.2 Total chlorine and combined chlorine determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "Cl2 total", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-2. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add two drops of Cl
2
reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
8. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: concentration of total chlorine in mg/l or ppm.
9. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
– The results for free, total and combined chlorine are
shown in the display in mg/l or ppm.
10.Press [OK]. Measurement is finished.
9.6.3 Alternative determination of total chlorine
The concentration of total chlorine can also be determined
immediately after the determination of free chlorine within the
same determination.
The result of this determination is less exact, but will be sufficient
in most cases.
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "Cl2 free", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-1. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read
the result.
– Result: concentration of free chlorine in mg/l or ppm.
8. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9. Put two drops of Cl
2
reagent 3 into vial Cl
2
-2.
10.Add the already prepared sample vial Cl
2
-1 of the
determination of free chlorine.
11.Wait for 45 seconds.
12.Select "Cl2 total", and press [OK].
13.Select "measure", and press [OK].
14.Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read
the result.
– Result: concentration of total chlorine in mg/l or ppm.
15.Press [OK].
- Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
– The results for free, total and combined chlorine are
shown in the display in mg/l or ppm.
16.Press [OK]. Measurement is finished.
9.7 Chloride
Reagent not for sea-water use!
Before determining the chloride concentration, a blank test
has to be made. See section 9.3.3 Blank test.
9.7.1 Chloride determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "chloride", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure" or "blanktest", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. In case of
blank test: 10 ml of the diluting water. Press [OK].
5. Add six drops of Cl reagent 1, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add six drops of Cl reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: chloride concentration in mg/l or ppm.
8. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
Determination
method
Mercury(II) ions form undissociated
mercury(II) chloride when combined with
chloride ions. Thiocyanate ions, set free of
mercury(II) thiocyanate, react with iron(II)
ions to a red colourant complex. The
intensity of the colouring grows with the
concentration of chloride ions.
Measuring range 1 to 25 mg/l Cl
-
Temperature range 15 °C to 25 °C
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Warning
Reagent 1:
R 36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
S 2: Keep out of the reach of children.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
Warning
Reagent 2 contains mercury thiocyanate.
R 26/27/28: Very toxic by inhalation, in contact
with skin and if swallowed.
R 33: Danger of cumulative effects.
S 1/2: Keep locked up and out of reach of
children.
S 13: Keep away from food, drink and animal
feeding-stuffs.
S 28.1: After contact with skin, wash immediately
with plenty of water.
S 45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell,
seek medical advice immediately (show the label
where possible).
16
9.8 Chlorine dioxide
9.8.1 Chlorine dioxide determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ClO2", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-1. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: concentration of chlorine dioxide in mg/l or
ppm.
8. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9.9 Determination of chlorine dioxide, free chlorine,
total chlorine and chlorite within the chlorine
dioxide determination
9.9.1 Chlorine dioxide determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ClO2", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put 10 drops of the additional reagent ClO
2
-1 into a standard
vial. This is not requested on the display.
5. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
This is not requested on the display. Press [OK].
6. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-1. Press [OK].
7. Put one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2 into vial Cl
2
-1, close the vial and
shake.
8. Put the already prepared sample from the standard vial into
vial Cl
2
-1, close the vial and shake. This is not requested on
the display. Press [OK] twice. Ignore the request for adding
water.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], read the
result, and note it as measured value A.
– Result: concentration of chlorine dioxide: A in mg/l or
ppm.
9.9.2 Free chlorine determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ClO2", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-1. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], read the
result, and note it as measured value B.
– Result: concentration of free chlorine:
(B-A) x 0.53 in mg/l or ppm.
Determination
method
Oxidation of dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine
by chlorine dioxide, producing a red-violet
substance of the "Wurster's red" type
Measuring range 0.03 to 10 mg/l ClO
2
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About two minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 350
Warning
Reagent 2 contains N,N-diethyl-1,4-
phenylenediaminesulfate.
R 21/22: Harmful in contact with skin and if
swallowed.
Note
For this determination, the chlorine reagent set is
required.
Note
The chlorine reagent set and the additional
reagents ClO
2
-1 and ClO
2
-2 are required for the
following determinations.
Note
These determinations are additional features and
can all be made within the menu item "ClO2".
Therefore all analysis steps, for which the
additional reagents are required, are not
requested by the display.
Add these reagents according to the instructions
given here and ignore the display texts. If
possible, use the expert mode to avoid
confusion.
Note
By adding liquid reagents, the concentration of
the substance to be measured will be reduced.
For the chlorine dioxide determination, this is
already being considered by the instrument. The
additional dilution by adding the additional
reagent ClO
2
-1 is about 4 % and can be
neglected.
Caution
Observe the vial inscriptions exactly.
Note
It is possible to save and print the results.
Note, however, that "ClO2" will be printed as
parameter.
17
9.9.3 Total chlorine determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ClO2", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put three drops of Cl
2
reagent 1 into vial Cl
2
-2. Press [OK].
5. Add one drop of Cl
2
reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
6. Add one micro-spoon of the additional reagent ClO
2
-2, close
the vial and shake. This is not requested on the display.
Press [OK].
7. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
8. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], read the
result, and note it as measured value C.
– Result: total chlorine concentration: C x 0.53 in mg/l or
ppm.
9.9.4 Chlorite (ClO
2
-
) determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "ClO2", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Put two drops of Cl
2
reagent 2 into vial Cl
2
-2. This is not
requested on the display. Press [OK].
5. Add one micro-spoon of the additional reagent ClO
2
-2, close
the vial and shake. This is not requested on the display.
Press [OK].
6. Add 10 ml of the water sample, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Wait for three minutes. This is not requested on the display.
8. Add six drops of Cl
2
reagent 1, close the vial and shake.
This is not requested on the display.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], read the
result, and note it as measured value D.
– Result: chlorite concentration:
(D-C-(4xA)) x 0.25 in mg/l or ppm.
9.10 Chromium
Before determining the chromium concentration, a blank test
has to be made. See section 9.3.3 Blank test.
9.10.1 Chromium determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "chromium", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure" or "blanktest", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. In case of
blank test: 10 ml of the diluting water. Press [OK].
5. Add one level spoon (grey) of Cr reagent 1, and close the vial.
Press [OK].
6. Shake well for 30 seconds. Some residual matter does not
disturb.
7. Add 12 drops of Cr reagent 2, close the vial and shake for
about 30 seconds. Press [OK].
8. Wait for 10 minutes.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: chromium concentration in mg/l or ppm.
10.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
Determination
method
Chromate ions and dichromate ions are
reduced by diphenylcarbazide to
chromium(III) ions, producing a red-violet
complex with the reagent. The intensity of
the colouring grows with the concentration
of chromium(VI) in the sample
Measuring range 0.03 to 5 mg/l Cr
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About 11 minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 150
Warning
Reagent 2 contains hydrofluoric acid.
R 26/27/28: Very toxic by inhalation, in contact
with skin and if swallowed.
R 35: Causes severe burns.
S 7/9: Keep container tightly closed and in a well-
ventilated place.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S 36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and
gloves.
S 45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell,
seek medical advice immediately (show the label
where possible).
18
9.11 Cyanide
Reagent not for sea-water use!
9.11.1 Cyanide determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "cyanide", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. Press [OK].
5. Add two level spoons (green) of CN reagent 1, close the vial
and shake. Press [OK].
6. Add two level spoons (green) of CN reagent 2, close the vial
and shake. Press [OK].
7. Add six drops of CN reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
8. Wait for five minutes.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: cyanide concentration in mg/l or ppm.
10.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9.12 Cyanuric acid
9.12.1 Cyanuric acid determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "cyanuracd", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. Press [OK].
5. Add four drops of Cy reagent 1. Press [OK].
6. Add one level spoon (green) of Cy reagent 2, close the vial
and shake. Press [OK].
7. Wait for one minute.
8. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: cyanuric acid concentration in mg/l or ppm.
9. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
10.Rinse the vial after measurement and clean it with the brush,
as the reagent causes a slight opaqueness.
Determination
method
After adding CN reagent 1, chlorine is set
free which reacts with cyanide ions to
chlorine cyane. This reacts with pyridine to
glutaconedialdehyde, which then
condensates with 1,3-dimethyl barbituric
acid to a violet colourant
Measuring range 0.01 to 0.07 mg/l CN
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About five minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Warning
Reagent 1:
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system
and skin.
S 2: Keep out of the reach of children.
S 7: Keep container tightly closed.
Warning
Reagent 3 contains pyridine.
R 11: Highly flammable.
R20/21/22: Harmful by inhalation, in contact with
skin and if swallowed.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S 28.1: After contact with skin, wash immediately
with plenty of water.
Determination
method
After setting a certain pH value, a
precipitation reaction takes place. The
opaqueness caused by this is proportional
to the concentration of isocyanuric acid.
This measurement does not use the two-
beam principle, as the opaqueness should
of course not be compensated in this case
Measuring range 1-200 mg/l C
3
N
3
H
3
O
3
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Hardness of
sample water
Max. 25 °dH
Analysis time About two minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Note
According to the German decree for hazardous
material (GefStoffV), the reagents used here need
not be declared.
Rinse the vial after measuring and clean it with a
brush, as the reagent causes a slight
opaqueness.
19
9.13 Iron
9.13.1 Iron determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "iron", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Fill the Fe vial with 10 ml of the water sample. Press [OK].
5. Add one spoon (grey) of Fe reagent 1, close the vial and
shake. Press [OK].
6. Add 10 drops of Fe reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Add 10 drops of Fe reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
8. Wait for one minute.
9. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: iron concentration in mg/l or ppm.
10.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9.14 Fluoride
Before determining the fluoride concentration, a blank test
has to be made. See section 9.3.3 Blank test.
9.14.1 Fluoride determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "fluoride", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure" or "blanktest", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. In case of
blank test: 10 ml of the diluting water. Press [OK].
5. Add 2 ml fluor reagent 1 (with the 1-ml syringe), close the vial
and shake. Press [OK].
6. Wait for one minute.
7. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: fluoride concentration in mg/l or ppm.
8. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9. Rinse the syringe well after the determination.
Determination
method
Iron(III) ions are reduced to iron(II) ions.
The iron(II) ions react with 2,4,6-tri-2-
pyridyl-1,3,5-triazine in an acetate-
buffered solution producing a blue
colourant complex
Measuring range 0.1 to 1.2 mg/l Fe
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About one minute
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Caution
Because of the sensitive reaction used for the
determination of iron, only the especially
dedicated vial with the inscription "Fe" may be
used.
This vial must not be used for any other analysis!
To avoid measuring errors, take care of extreme
cleanness when preparing the sample.
Determination
method
Fluoride determination is executed
according to the SPADNS method.
Fluoride reacts with a red zirconium
colourant. With a part of the zirconium,
fluoride forms a colourless complex,
leading to bleaching of the colour
proportional to the fluoride concentration
Measuring range 0.1 to 2.0 mg/l F
–
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About two minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 250
Warning
Reagent 1 contains hydrochloric acid.
R 22: Harmful if swallowed.
R 34: Causes burns.
R 37: Irritating to respiratory system.
S 2: Keep out of the reach of children.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S 28.1: After contact with skin, wash immediately
with plenty of water.
S 45: If you feel unwell, seek medical advice
immediately (show the label where possible).
20
9.15 Hydrazine
9.15.1 Hydrazine determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "hydrazine", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. Press [OK].
5. Add 10 drops of Hy reagent 1, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add five drops of Hy reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Wait for five minutes.
8. Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: hydrazine concentration in mg/l or ppm.
9. Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
9.16 Manganese
9.16.1 Manganese determination
1. Select "photom." in the main menu, and press [OK].
2. Select "manganese", and press [OK].
3. Select "measure", and press [OK].
4. Fill a standard vial with 10 ml of the water sample. Press [OK].
5. Add four drops of Mn reagent 1, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
6. Add two drops of Mn reagent 2, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
7. Wait for two minutes.
8. Add two drops of Mn reagent 3, close the vial and shake.
Press [OK].
9. Wait for five minutes.
10.Insert the vial, start the measurement with [OK], and read the
result.
– Result: mangenese concentration in mg/l or ppm.
11.Press [OK].
– Printer or memory being selected: Print or save result.
Measurement is finished.
– Printer or memory not being selected: Measurement is
finished.
Determination
method
Hydrazine reacts with 4-(dimethylamino)-
benzaldehyde in an acid solution to yellow
4-(dimethylamino)-benzaldehydrazine
Measuring range 0.05 to 3.0 mg/l N
2
H
4
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time About six minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 200
Warning
Reagent 1 contains sulphuric acid.
R 35: Causes severe burns.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
S 30: Never add water to this product.
Warning
Reagent 2 contains dimethylsulfoxide.
R 36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
S 26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse
immediately with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
Determination
method
Reaction of manganese(II) ions with
formaldoxime in the presence of
atmospheric oxygen, producing a red-
brown colourant complex
Measuring range 0.05 to 4.0 mg/l Mn
2
+
Reagent
temperature range
15 °C to 25 °C
Analysis time Seven minutes
Number of
analyses per
reagent set
About 220
Warning
Reagent 1:
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system
and skin.
S 2: Keep out of the reach of children.
Warning
Reagent 2 contains formaldehyde.
R 45: May cause cancer.
R 43: May cause sensitisation by skin contact.
S 23.4: Do not breathe vapour.
S 37: Wear suitable gloves.
Warning
Reagent 3 contains hydroxylammonium chloride.
R20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
S 2: Keep out of the reach of children.
S 13: Keep away from food, drink and animal
feeding-stuffs.
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Grundfos DIT Installation And Operating Instructions Manual
- Category
- Measuring, testing & control
- Type
- Installation And Operating Instructions Manual
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