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Ratchet Screwdriver

instructables Ratchet Screwdriver User manual

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instructables
Ratchet Screwdriver Without Ratchet With Overrunning Clutch
by ukman
Ratchet is a mechanism that permits the tool to apply turning force only in one direction while moving freely in the
opposite. There is another mechanism that does the same- overrunning clutch. I created a 3D-printed version of the
clutch and integrated it with a screwdriver.
Overrunning clutch does not require strong small parts so it's possible to create it on a 3D printer furthermore, it does
not crack, unlike ratchet.
The main idea of the clutch is to wedge a shaft in one direction and release it in another by metal cylinders placed into
special slots. It is widely used on bicycles.
Supplies:
You can use dierent parts that can be found in your workshop: hex bits, a tube, nails, screws, washers, and nuts. Also,
you need to print some parts on your 3d printer.
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Step 1: Prepare Wedging Cylinders From Nails
Overrunning clutch is a bearing with cylinders so you can use any metal cylinder. I made it from nails.
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Step 2: Prepare STL Files and Plastic Parts
All parts for the screwdriver are in the Fusion360 model le attached to the post. Download the le and open it in
Fusion360. There are 4 bodies for each part.
This is one of the most important steps. You have to nd the best dimensions of the overrunning clutch for your tube and
nails. The clutch, the tube, and the nails have to work together as a single mechanism. That is why I would recommend
printing 5-10 small cases of the clutch with dierent parameters and testing which one is the best for your purposes.
There are 6 main parameters in the Fusion360 model for tests:
1. Shaft DiameterShaft Diameter - the tube diameter
2. Stopper DiameterStopper Diameter- the nail diameter
3. Stopper SpacerStopper Spacer- the space between the released and blocked position in the stopper slots. It denes the
tightness rotation of the tube in the clutch.
4. Stopper HeightStopper Height- the height of the clutch, for the tests you can print a 20 mm version to save plastic.
5. Shaft Inner DiameterShaft Inner Diameter - it is used for printing screwdriver shank xer
6. Screw Shank DiameterScrew Shank Diameter - it is used for printing screwdriver shank xer
Measure the dimensions of your parts and play with these parameters in +- 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mm. I printed at least 10 cases of
the clutch and tested how they work. Try how they work in both directions (blocking and releasing). After that print the
"big" version of the clutch 40-100 mm in height.
In order to change parameters open the model in Fusion360, menu
Modify
->
Change Parameters
. After that make
overrunning clutch visible in browser view and export STL les in menu
File
->
Export
->
STL Files (*.stl)
.
When the best params are found, ll the following params
Press Washer Diameter - diameter of washers that are used as press bearing (see following)
Press Washer Height
You can play with the rest parameters, and watch what is changed on the 3D view after editing parameters.
When you nd the best parameters for the clutch select the
Cover1
,
Cove2
,
ShankFixer
in Fusion360 browser and export
them. As a result, you have STL les to be printed. I use PLA plastic and 1.2 - 3mm for walls, top, and bottom in CURA.
At the end of the step, you have the following 3D printed parts
1. Overrunning clutch
2. Top/Bottom Covers
3. Shank Fixer 2 pieces
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Step 3: Prepare the Tube
https://www.instructables.com/ORIG/FTK/HKPK/L6RWTTVP/FTKHKPKL6RWTTVP.f3d
Download
The tube is a rotating part of the clutch. I would recommend using a steel tube 10-20 mm in diameter (diameter must be
bigger than shank diameter) and 1.5 - 3 mm in thickness. The surface of the tube should be a little bit rough, so use sand
if it's polished.
The tube is used to rotate a screw shank that is why you need to put a special 3D printed xer into the tube with some
glue.
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Step 4: Prepare Clutch Covers
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Step 5: Assembly
Use M3-M5 screws with nuts to assemble the clutch with the covers and place a screw shank into the clutch. Sometimes
you need to use a special 3D printed plastic spacer for keeping the shank on one side of the clutch.
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Step 6: Test
The screwdriver works pretty well without any noise. I did not expect it but I do really like this cool tool.
https://youtu.be/OxrA5HIZR_U
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