3com 3041 User manual

Category
Networking
Type
User manual
http://www.3com.com/
3Com Router
Configuration Guide
Published March 2004
Part No. 10014299
3Com Corporation
350 Campus Drive
Marlborough, MA
01752-3064
Copyright © 2004, 3Com Corporation. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced
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adaptation) without written permission from 3Com Corporation.
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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT LEGEND
If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein
are provided to you subject to the following:
All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense.
Software is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995)
or
as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) and as such is provided with only such rights as are
provided in 3Com’s standard commercial license for the Software. Technical data is provided with limited
rights only as provided in DFAR 252.227-7015 (Nov
1995) or FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987), whichever is
applicable. You agree not to remove or deface any portion of any legend provided on any licensed program
or documentation contained in, or delivered to you in conjunction with, this User Guide.
Unless otherwise indicated, 3Com registered trademarks are registered in the United States and may or may
not be registered in other countries.
3Com, the 3Com logo, are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation.
Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and
Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United
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All other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are
associated.
GETTING STARTED 1
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT 33
INTERFACE 121
LINK LAYER PROTOCOL 183
NETWORK PROTOCOL 335
ROUTING 423
MULTICAST 517
SECURITY 543
VPN 615
RELIABILITY 665
QOS 681
DIAL-UP 721
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
This guide describes 3Com routers and how to configure them.
Conventions Table 1 and Table 2 list conventions that are used throughout this guide.
Table 1 Notice Icons
Table 2 Text Conventions
Icon Notice Type Description
Information note Information that describes important features or
instructions.
Caution Information that alerts you to potential loss of data
or potential damage to an application, system, or
device.
Warning Information that alerts you to potential personal
injury.
Convention Description
Screen displays This typeface represents information as it appears on the screen.
Keyboard key names If you must press two or more keys simultaneously, the key names are
linked with a plus sign (+), for example:
Press Ctrl+Alt+Del
The words “enter”
and type”
When you see the word “enter” in this guide, you must type
something, and then press Return or Enter. Do not press Return or
Enter when an instruction simply says “type.”
Words in italics Italics are used to:
Emphasize a point.
Denote a new term at the place where it is defined in the text.
Identify command variables.
Identify menu names, menu commands, and software button names.
Examples:
From the Help menu, select Contents.
Click OK.
Words in bold Boldface type is used to highlight command names. For example, “Use
the display user-interface command to...”
2 ABOUT THIS GUIDE
I
GETTING STARTED
Chapter 1 3Com Router Introduction
Chapter 2 3Com Router User Interface
4
1
3COM ROUTER INTRODUCTION
This chapter includes information on the following topics:
Overview of the 3Com Router System
Architecture of the 3Com Router
Features of the 3Com Router Version 1.10
New Features of the 3Com Router 1.x
Overview of the 3Com
Router System
The 3Com Router OS is the network operating system platform. With TCP/IP
protocol stack as the core, the 3Com Router integrates data communication
essentials such as routing technology, multicast technology, QoS technology, VPN
technology, security technology in the operating system and provides excellent
data transmission capability.
The 3Com Router can run on multiple hardware platforms with consistent
network interface, user interface and management interface, providing flexible
and multiple application solutions for users.
This manual describes features and functions of the 3Com Router 1.x system
software platform series of low end and middle range routers. In this manual the
3Com Router is also referred to as the 3Com Router 1.x software version. You
should make sure that the 3Com Router you use is operating with the software
version documented in this manual.
The software specification is different between various types of products. Product
specification related matters should be confirmed with the 3Com Technical
Support Department.
Architecture of the
3Com Router
With TCP/IP model as its reference, the 3Com Router implements data link layer,
network layer, and application layer protocols, as per the architecture shown in the
following diagram:
6 CHAPTER 1: 3COM ROUTER INTRODUCTION
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the 3Com Router architecture
Features of the 3Com
Router Version 1.10
The following table lists the basic features of the 3Com Router 1.x:
Table 3 List of the 3Com Router 1.x features
System
service
TCP/UDP
IP forwarding engine
Fast
forwarding
IP security
and firewall
QoS
assurance
Route policy
management
RIP OSPF BGP
FTP
HTTP
TELNET
VPN
PPP/SLIP
Configuration
management
Voice Service
......
Command
line
SNMP
Web
management
HDLC EthernetX.25Frame Relay
Attribute Description
Interconnection protocol LAN Supports Ethernet_II and Ethernet_SNAP frame structure
Follows IEEE 802.2 and IEEE 802.3 regulations
WAN Supports Frame Relay and Frame Relay switching
Supports FRoIP, FRoISDN
Supports Multi-link Frame Relay (MFR), FR compression
Supports FR Traffic Shaping (FRTS) to ensure even traffic over
the VCs on FR
Supports X.25 and X.25 switching, X.25 Over TCP (XOT)
Supports HDLC, SDLC and LAPB regulations
Supports SLIP, PPP and MP
Supports PPPoE Client
Supports ITU-T Q.921 and Q.931 regulations, ISDN (ITU-T
Q.921, Q.931) and ISDN semi-permanent connection
Supports bridging technology
Dial-up network Manages Modem through the AT command and configures
script to dial up.
Supports dial demand Routing (dialer profiles and legacy
BDR)
Supports Callback (PPP callback and ISDN Calling Line
Identification callback)
Provides ISDN leased line, automatic dialing, and cyclic dial
queue backup
Provides Dial interface backup
VPN Supports L2TP, implements VPDN (Supports DNIS user,
domain name user, and full name user)
Supports L3 channel protocol GRE
Features of the 3Com Router Version 1.10 7
Network protocol IP service Supports ARP
Supports Static domain name resolution
Supports IP Address Unnumbered
Supports DHCP Server and DHCP relay
Supports VLAN
Supports IP Accounting
Non-IP service Supports Novell IPX protocol, provide RIP and SAP to
maintain the database of Internetwork routes and service
information
Supports DLSw of SNA system, implementing SNA through
WAN transmission
IP performance Supports IP fast forwarding
Supports Van Jacobson TCP message header compression
IP routing Supports Static route management
Supports Dynamic route protocol
RIP-1/RIP-2
OSPF
BGP
Supports IP routing policy
Supports IP policy-based routing
Multicast routing Supports Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)
Supports Multicast routing protocol
PIM-DM
PIM-SM
Attribute Description
8 CHAPTER 1: 3COM ROUTER INTRODUCTION
Network security Authentication,
Authorization and
Accounting (AAA)
service
Provides PPP and login user authentication
Supports RADIUS, provides RADIUS
authentication/accounting
Provides local authentication
Supports CHAP and PAP authentication
Firewall Supports standard access control list
Supports extended access control list
Supports interface-based access control list
Supports time segment based access control list
NAT Supports the users in LAN to access external networks by
using the IP address in a configured address pool.
Supports to configure relationship between access control
list and address pool.
Supports to configure relationship between access control
list and interface.
Supports the host of external network to access the internal
server
Supports to configure valid period for address translation
Data security Supports terminal access security (user classification
protection, user login authentication)
Supports IPSec, provides tunnel and transmission
encapsulation modes and supports AH and ESP security
authentication
Supports network data encryption card and provide IPSec
encryption/decryption
Supports IKE, automatically negotiates on security key and
create the security federation
Network reliability Backup center Can back up any physical interface or sub-interface on the
router and an X.25 or frame relay virtual circuit on the
interface as well.
Barring the Ethernet interface, any physical interfaces or
virtual interface templates on the router can be used as
backup interfaces. An X.25 or frame relay virtual circuit on
the interface or a dialer route on the dial interface can be
used as backup interface as well.
Provides multiple backup interfaces for one main interface.
These backup interfaces will be used according to their
priorities.
Backs up multiple main interfaces of the interfaces with
multiple physical channels
Supports to configure the conditions to switch the
main/standby interfaces
Hot backup Supports VRRP
Attribute Description
Features of the 3Com Router Version 1.10 9
Quality of service
(QoS)
Traffic classification
and flow control
Supports CAR (Committed Access Speed) and packet
priority, monitoring the network traffic entering ISP
Supports LR (Line Rate of physical interface) to limit the total
speed of packet transmission on physical interface
Traffic shaping Uses buffer and token bucket to support general traffic
shaping (GTS).
Congestion
management
Supports FIFO (first-in-first-out queue)
Supports PQ (priority queue)
Supports CQ (customization queue)
Supports WFQ (Weighted Fair queue)
Congestion
Avoidance
Supports WRED (Weighted Random Early Detection),
implementing flow-based congestion avoidance
Configuration
management
Terminal server
Command line
interface
Prompts provide information in English
Prompt command line hierarchical protection, to ensure that
the unauthorized users cannot access the router.
Prompt Detailed debugging information, helpful for
diagnosis of network faults
Provides network test tools such as tracert and ping
commands, to quickly diagnose whether the network is
normal.
Info-center loghost configuration
Terminal service Performs local or remote configuration via the console port,
asynchronous serial port, X.25 PAD, Telnet and Reverse
Telnet etc.
Logs on the UNIX host via Rlogin
Configures router via the dumb terminal service
Provides dumb terminal service via PRI port
Supports the send function and provide the information
interaction between terminal subscribers
Terminal access via asynchronous serial port
Supports dial-up POS and network POS accessing based on
the shared POS access technology, which improves card
account processing
System
Management
Supports to upload and download programs/configuration
files via FTP
Supports to upload and download programs/configuration
files via TFTP
Supports on-line upgrade of the cards.
Network
management
Supports SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
Supports RMON (Remote Monitor)
Attribute Description
10 CHAPTER 1: 3COM ROUTER INTRODUCTION
New Features of the
3Com Router 1.x
New features have been added to the 3Com Router1.10.
Support New Interfaces E3 and CE3 Interfaces
Both E3 and E1 are part of the ITU-T digital carrier architecture and are used in
most regions beyond North America. The data transmission speed of E3 is
34.368
Mbps and the line code is HDB3. E3/CE3 interfaces support the link layer
protocols including PPP, HDLC, Frame Relay, LAPB, and X.25, as well as the
network protocol such as IP. Similar to E1/CE1, E3/CE3 interfaces can work in two
operating modes, namely, E3 mode and CE3 mode.
When working in E3 mode, an E3/CE3 interface is a timeslot-less interface of
the bandwidth of 34.368 Mbps.
When working in CE3 mode, it can multiplex/demultiplex 16 channels of E1
signals. The E3-to-E1 multiplexing is compliant with the G.751 and G.742
provisions of ITU-T. In addition, each E1 interface can be divided into 32
timeslots.
E1-F/T1-F Interface
E1-F and T1-F interfaces refer to the fractional E1 and T1 interfaces, which are
equivalent to the simplified CE1/PRI and CT1/PRI interfaces. In essence, they are a
low-cost approach to E1/T1 access. In a simple E1 or T1 access application
requiring neither division of multiple channel groups nor ISDN PRI, either the E1-F
or T1/F interface will be a good choice.
Null Interface
The functions of the Null interface are similar to those of null devices supported by
many operating systems. It is always in UP status, but cannot forward data packets
or configure IP addresses or encapsulate other protocols. Null interface is a virtual
interface with software characteristics. Any network data packet sent to this
interface will be dropped.
FRoIP and FRoISDN Frame Relay over IP
As IP networks have gained wider acceptance, Frame Relay (FR) applications have
relied on IP networks for data communication and interconnection between
networks. FRoIP technology enables IP networks to carry FR data by establishing a
GRE tunnel across the IP network to connect the two FR networks at both ends of
the IP network.
Frame Relay over ISDN
Frame Relay over ISDN provides a method for accessing the Frame Relay network
based on ISDNs and the related devices. This shortens the time for users to access
and lowers the cost of leased lines.
The Frame Relay over ISDN is mainly used in the following two aspects:
The simplest application is to take Frame Relay over ISDN as the main
communications method. That is, all the routers support Frame Relay over
ISDN, and the individual routers can directly access the Frame Relay networks
(without TA adapters) to communicate.
New Features of the 3Com Router 1.x 11
Combined with BDR, Frame Relay over ISDN can be taken as the backup
communication method for Frame Relay.
Multilink Frame Relay The Multilink Frame Relay (MFR) feature introduces functionality based on the
Frame Relay Forum Multilink Frame Relay UNI/NNI Implementation Agreement
(FRF.16). This feature provides a cost-effective way to increase bandwidth for
particular applications by enabling multiple serial links to be aggregated into a
single bundle of bandwidth. MFR is supported on User-to-Network Interfaces (UNI)
and Network-to-Network Interfaces (NNI) in Frame Relay networks.
FR Compression FR compression technology is used to compress the FR packets for the purpose of
effectively saving the network bandwidth and decreasing the network load, and
hence to implement data transmission over FR networks with high efficiency.
3Com Routers follow the FRF.9 standard for FR compression. FR compression can
achieve a significant effect on a FR line with low bandwidth. FR interfaces fall into
two categories, namely, point-to-point interface and multipoint interface.
Bridge Bridges are a type of network devices that connect LANs at the data link layer for
data transmission among them. For some small or remote networks, a bridge can
reduce the network maintenance cost and free the network terminal subscribers
from making special settings for the devices. In addition, its network connection is
no difference from a HUB.
3Com Routers support transparent bridging and are compatible with IEEE 802.1d.
The routers support the STP and bridging functions defined in IEEE 802.1d and
support bridging on the links encapsulated with PPP, HDLC, X.25, or Frame Relay,
as well as bridging on VLAN sub-interfaces and BDR. Furthermore, the routers can
implement multi-port binding and load sharing.
IP Count IP count implements accounting on the incoming and outgoing packets as well as
the packets denied by the firewall on the routers. When implementing IP count,
whether the packets match the count list rules and whether the packets are
denied by the firewall, are two standards by which the router sorts the
bidirectional packets for count. When making data statistics, both the number of
packets and the total bytes are recorded.
Virtual Router
Redundancy Protocol
(VRRP)
Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) is a fault tolerant protocol. Normally,
the default route set for a host in a network takes the GW route of the network as
the next hop. Through the default route, the host can carry out the
communications with the external networks. If the GW route fails to work, all the
hosts that take it as the next hop on the segment will be unable to communicate
with the outside. VRRP can fulfill the router redundancy by assigning multiple
routers into a router group. Thus, whenever a member fails to work, a backup
router will take up the work of the failed router and thus can ensure the normal
communications between the hosts on the network and the outside.
12 CHAPTER 1: 3COM ROUTER INTRODUCTION
2
3COM ROUTER USER INTERFACE
This chapter includes information on the following topics:
Establish Configuration Environment
Command Line Interface (CLI)
User Identity Management
Basic Configuration and Management of the System
Establish
Configuration
Environment
The 3Com Router 1.x supports local and remote configuration, and the
configuration environment can be established in the following ways:
Local Configuration
Environment via Console
Port
The local configuration environment can be established via the console port
(configuration interface).
1 As shown in Figure 2, the local configuration environment can be established via
the console port just by connecting the serial port of the computer with the
console port of the router via a standard RS-232 cable.
Figure 2 Establish a local configuration environment via configuration interface
On 3Com modular routers the CONSOLE port and AUX port are on the front of
the unit, while other ports are on the rear of the unit. The above diagram shows
the rear of the unit. For details, please refer to the 3Com Installation Guide.
2 Run a terminal emulator application such as HyperTerminal of Win9X on the
computer to establish a new connection. Select an RS-232 serial port on the
computer, set the terminal communication baudrate parameters as 9600 bps, 8
data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity and no flow control, and select the terminal
emulation type as VT100, as shown in the following diagram (“HyperTerminal”
setting interface in Windows 9X).
port
Cable
Console interface
(
Configuration
RS-232 serial
Configuration interface (Console)
interface)
Router
Workstation
port
Cable
Console interface
(
Configuration
RS-232 serial
Configuration interface (Console)
interface)
Workstation
RS-232 serial
Configuration interface (Console)
interface)
Workstation
RS-232 serial
Configuration interface (Console)
interface)
Workstation
14 CHAPTER 2: 3COM ROUTER USER INTERFACE
Figure 3 Establish a new connection
Figure 4 Select the computer serial port for actual connection
Establish Configuration Environment 15
Figure 5 Set port communication parameters
Figure 6 Select terminal emulation type
3 Power on the router to display the self-test information of the router. Press Enter
after the self-test to display the prompt “Username:” and “password:”. Type in
the correct username and the password, then enter the system view of Router.
16 CHAPTER 2: 3COM ROUTER USER INTERFACE
4 Enter the command to configure the router or view the running status of the
router. Enter “?” to get help when necessary. For details of specific commands,
please refer to the following chapters.
Remote Configuration
Environment via Async
Serial Port
The router powers on, then creates a remote configuration environment by
connecting to the asynchronous serial ports of the router (including
synchronous/asynchronous serial port, AUX interface, i.e., auxiliary interface, etc.)
via modem dial-up. Detailed below is the description on how to establish a remote
configuration environment via asynchronous serial port, with AUX interface as an
example.
To establish a remote configuration environment via an asynchronous serial port of
the router, pre-configure it to flow mode. For specific setting method, please refer
to the Terminal Service chapter in this manual.
The modem connected to the asynchronous serial interface should be set to
auto-answer mode.
1 As shown in Figure 7, connect a modem to computer serial port and another
modem to the routers asynchronous serial port (AUX interface in the diagram).
Figure 7 Establish a remote configuration environment
2 Run a terminal emulator application, such as HyperTerminal of Win9X, on the
computer to establish a new connection. Select the RS-232 serial port on the
computer for actual connection; set the terminal communication parameters to
9600 baud rate, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, no flow control or hardware flow
control, and select the terminal emulation type as VT100, the same as the
connection established via the console port.
3 Before powering on the router, power on its external modem. Initialize the router
via AT command, and then dial on the remote computer to establish a connection
with the router, as shown in the following figure.
Tel No.660000
Modem
Modem
Workstation
AUX interface
PSTN
Router
RS-232
Serial port
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3com 3041 User manual

Category
Networking
Type
User manual

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