Lexmark T654n Product Study Manual

Lexmark T65x

Lexmark X65x

Mono Laser Printer Study Guide

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Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

Edition: October 2008

Revision: 1.47

The following paragraph does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent with local

law: LEXMARK INTERNATIONAL, INC. PROVIDES THIS PUBLICATION “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY

KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Some states do not allow disclaimer of

express or implied warranties in certain transactions; therefore, this statement may not apply to you.

This publication could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the

information herein; these changes will be incorporated in later editions. Improvements or changes in the products or

the programs described may be made at any time.

Comments may be addressed to Lexmark International, Inc., Department 352X/008-4, 740 West New Circle Road,

Lexington, Kentucky 40550, U.S.A or e-mail at ServiceInfoAndTraining@Lexmark.com. Lexmark may use or

distribute any of the information you supply in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you.

References in this publication to products, programs, or services do not imply that the manufacturer intends to make

these available in all countries in which it operates. Any reference to a product, program, or service is not intended to

state or imply that only that product, program, or service may be used. Any functionally equivalent product, program,

or service that does not infringe any existing intellectual property right may be used instead. Evaluation and

verification of operation in conjunction with other products, programs, or services, except those expressly designated

by the manufacturer, are the user’s responsibility.

Lexmark and Lexmark with diamond design are trademarks of Lexmark International, Inc., registered in the United

States and/or other countries.

PCL® is a registered trademark of the Hewlett-Packard Company.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RIGHTS

This software and any accompanying documentation provided under this agreement are commercial computer

software and documentation developed exclusively at private expense.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

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Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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Table of Contents

TECHNICAL INFORMATION .........................................................................................1

T65X PRINTER SPECIFICATIONS..........................................................................................................1

T65X BASIC MODEL...........................................................................................................................1

FULLY CONFIGURED T65X MODEL......................................................................................................2

T65X OPTIONS AND FEATURES...........................................................................................................3

T65X AND X65X SUPPLY ITEM COMPATIBILITY ....................................................................................3

X65X SPECIFICATIONS .......................................................................................................................4

X65X BASIC MODELS.........................................................................................................................4

X65X OPTIONS: .................................................................................................................................4

X65X OPTIONS: .................................................................................................................................5

THEORY OF OPERATION.............................................................................................6

PRINTER PAPER PATH........................................................................................................................6

Internal Duplex: Models T652 & T654................................................................................6

Duplex: Models T650..........................................................................................................7

PRINT ENGINE TRANSPORT SYSTEM ...................................................................................................8

Paper Tray Components.....................................................................................................8

Multiple Sheet Feed Prevention..........................................................................................8

ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS....................................................................................................9

Charge: ...............................................................................................................................9

Exposure:

............................................................................................................................9

Development:

......................................................................................................................9

Transfer:..............................................................................................................................9

Fusing: ................................................................................................................................9

Cleaning:.............................................................................................................................9

EP (ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC) COMPONENTS – T65X DIAGRAM ........................................................10

PRINTHEADS [OSCILLATING VS. SPINNING POLYGON MIRROR]...........................................................11

T650 & T650n ...................................................................................................................11

T652dn & T654dn .............................................................................................................11

POLYGON & OSCILLATING PRINTHEAD ASSEMBLY ADJUSTMENT.........................................................12

OSCILLATING PRINTHEAD ASSEMBLY ELECTRONIC ADJUSTMENT ........................................................14

ALIGNMENT ASSEMBLY – SKEW ADJUSTMENT....................................................................................15

DOCUMENT SCANNING .....................................................................................................................17

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Document scanning at ADF..............................................................................................17

Document scanning at platen ...........................................................................................17

Names and functions of components................................................................................17

DOCUMENT FEED PATH FROM THE ADF.............................................................................................19

Names and functions of components................................................................................20

ADF...................................................................................................................................20

SCANNER MANUAL REGISTRATION ...................................................................................................21

OPERATOR PANELS ..................................................................................................22

T65X PANEL BUTTONS.....................................................................................................................22

UNDERSTANDING THE X65X PRINTER CONTROL PANEL.....................................................................23

UNDERSTANDING THE ADF (AUTOMATIC DOCUMENT FEED) & SCANNER GLASS .................................24

UNDERSTANDING THE HOME SCREEN ................................................................................................25

CUSTOMER MENUS ..........................................................................................................................26

SERVICE MODE ................................................................................................................................27

Confirm the installation status...........................................................................................27

Power-on Reset sequence................................................................................................27

Entering Diagnostics mode on the T65x...........................................................................27

Accessing service menus on the X65x.............................................................................28

Accessing SE menu on the X65xe MFP and T65x printer................................................28

MIRRORED MVRAM....................................................................................................28

PRINT QUALITY DIAGNOSTICS.................................................................................28

PRINT QUALITY PAGES (PRT QUALITY PGS).......................................................................................29

ISOLATING PRINT QUALITY PROBLEMS ...............................................................................................29

Repeating defects.............................................................................................................30

Solid Black ........................................................................................................................31

Blank print (no print)..........................................................................................................32

Spots.................................................................................................................................33

Solid black or white streaks ..............................................................................................34

Vertical Stripes (process direction)...................................................................................35

Horizontal stripes (side to side direction...........................................................................36

Vertical void lines and bands (process direction...............................................................37

Horizontal white stripes or bands (side to side direction) .................................................38

Ghost images (sometimes called after image) .................................................................39

Print irregularities, Voids, Partial Lack..............................................................................40

Faint print (Low contrast) ..................................................................................................41

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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Background (fog)...............................................................................................................42

Skew .................................................................................................................................43

Media Damage..................................................................................................................44

No fuse (unfused toner, smearing) ...................................................................................45

PAPER TRANSPORT DIAGNOSTICS.........................................................................46

PAPER RULES OF THUMB .................................................................................................................46

UNDERSTANDING JAM NUMBERS AND LOCATIONS ............................................47

200 AND 201 PAPER JAMS................................................................................................................48

202 AND 203 PAPER JAMS................................................................................................................49

230 PAPER JAM...............................................................................................................................49

Rear Paper Jams..............................................................................................................49

Front Paper jams...............................................................................................................51

231-239 PAPER JAMS (OPTIONAL EXTERNAL DUPLEX UNIT)................................................................51

Front Paper Jam ...............................................................................................................52

241-245 PAPER JAMS ......................................................................................................................52

250 PAPER JAM................................................................................................................................53

260 PAPER JAM................................................................................................................................53

271-279 PAPER JAMS ......................................................................................................................54

280 PAPER JAM................................................................................................................................54

281 PAPER JAM................................................................................................................................55

282 PAPER JAM................................................................................................................................55

283 STAPLE JAM ..............................................................................................................................56

290-294 PAPER JAMS ......................................................................................................................57

POTENTIAL FIELD ISSUES ........................................................................................58

GENERAL NOTES:......................................................................................................61

Mirrored MVRAM ..............................................................................................................61

Operator Panel Assembly Cable – X65x ..........................................................................61

LEXMARK T65X PRINT DRIVER– CORE SKILLS COURSE .....................................62

DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS AVAILABLE FOR TECHNICIANS...........................................62

SERVICE MANUALS ..........................................................................................................................62

TECHNICAL SERVICE BULLETINS.......................................................................................................62

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Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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1

TECHNICAL INFORMATION

T65x Printer Specifications

T650n T652n T654n

Speed - Letter ppm

45 50 55

Processor MHz

500 500 600

Memory - Std / Max MB

128 / 640 128 / 640 256 / 1280

Solutions ready - eSF/USB-A

No No Yes

Input - std / max

100+250 / 4000 100+550 / 4300 100+550 / 4300

Output

350 350 550

Duplex

optional

Internal Dup

model

Internal Dup

model

Duty Cycle pg/mo

200K

Rec 3K - 20K

225K

Rec 3K - 30K

275K

Rec 5K - 35K

Cartridge - SWE

7K 10K 10K

Cartridge -

Aftermarket

7K / 25K 7K / 25K 7K / 25K / 36K

Cells Shaded Yellow indicate improved feature vs. lower model.

T65x Basic Model

Feature Paper Capacity

1

1 Standard Exit Bin 350- or 550-sheet

2 Printer Control Panel NA

3 Multipurpose Feeder 100 Sheets

4 Standard Tray (tray 1 250- or 550-sheets

1

Based on 75 g/m

2

(20 lb.) paper

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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2

Fully Configured T65x Model

Feature/Option Paper Capacity 1

1

5-bin mailbox 2 500 sheets

2

Output expander 3 650 sheets

3

Envelope feeder 85 envelopes

4

Standard tray (Tray 1) 250- or 550-sheets

5

Duplex unit 4 Not applicable

6

Optional tray (Tray 2) 250- or 550-sheets

7

Optional tray (Tray 3) 250- or 550-sheets

8

Optional 2000-sheet tray (Tray 4) 2000 sheets

9

Caster Base Not applicable

1 Based on 75 g/m2 (20 lb.) paper.

2 Up to two 5-bin mailbox units are supported.

3 The printer supports up to three output expander units, or one output expander combined with one 5-bin mailbox,

one high capacity output expander (not depicted), or one stapler unit (not depicted).

4 Optional external duplex unit available for basic T650x model. T652x and T654x have an internal duplex unit if it has

been ordered as a factory install. Duplex for the T652x and T654x is not a field installable option.

CAUTION: –TIPPING HAZARD:

Floor-mounted configurations

require additional

furniture for stability. You must

use either a printer stand or

printer base if you are using

a 2000-sheet tray, a duplex unit,

and an input option, or more than

one input option.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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3

T65x

7K 25K 36K

"H"

999

"M"

99

Ø

"L"

99

Ø

T65x Options and Features

New Mailbox Option / LED Indicators Stapler / 50 sheet capacity, offset stapled output,

LED output bin light

Redesigned output high capacity tray.

 Tray pulls out and drop paper in

 Vs. door with an elevator

 No separate power cord needed

 New pick tires apply here too

T65x and X65x Supply Item Compatibility

• T65x cartridges will work in the X65x, but not vice-versa

• The (high yield) 36K T65x cartridge will not work in the T650, T652 or the X651 or X652.

• No backward/forward compatibility with the T64x series printers

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

4

X651de X652de X654de

X656de

(X656dte)

X658de(dfe/dme)

X658dte(dtfe/dtme)

Functions

3444 4

Print (Letter) ppm

45 45 55 55 55

Memory std/max

256 / 768 256 / 768 256 / 768 256 / 768 256 / 768

HardDrive

Optional Optional Optional 80 GB 80 GB

Duplex Scan

No-Simplex No-Simplex Yes-DADF Yes-DADF Yes-DADF

Op Panel

7" color 7" color 9" color 9" color 9" color

Input Cap. std/max

550+100 /

3,200

550+100 /

3,200

550+100 /

3,200

550+100 /

3,200

(550+550)+100 / 2,300

Output std/max

550 / 550 550 / 550 550 / 550 550 / 550

1,050 / 1,050

(950 w/ mailbox)

Caster Base

Optional Optional Optional Optional Yes

SWE Yield

7K 7K 18K 18K 18K

AM Yield

7, 25K 7, 25K 7, 25, 36K 7, 25, 36K 7, 25, 36K

Max Duty Cycle

200k 200k 250k 250k 250k

X65x Specifications

X65x Basic Models

CAUTION: Do not set up

this product or make any

electrical or cabling

connections, such as the

power cord or options and

features, during a lightning

storm.

NOTE: All of the X658 paper trays are

wider than the rest of the T65x & X65x

family and are NOT interchangeable!

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

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5

X65x Options:

The following options are available. Some options are not available in every country or region. Contact

your point of purchase for options available in your country or region.

Available internal options

• Memory cards

— Printer memory

— Flash memory

— Fonts

• Firmware cards

— Bar Code and Forms

— IPDS and SCS/TNe

— PrintCryptionTM

— PRESCRIBE

• Printer hard disk

• LexmarkTM Internal Solutions Ports (ISP)

— RS-232-C Serial ISP

— Parallel 1284-B ISP

— MarkNetTM N8150802.11 b/g/n Wireless ISP

— MarkNet N8130 10/100 Fiber ISP

— MarkNet N8120 10/100/1000 Ethernet ISP

• MarkNet N8110 V-34 Fax Card

Media handling options

— 250- and 550-sheet paper trays of A4, letter, A5, B5, Executive, folio, statement, and

legal size

— 250-sheet universally adjustable tray

— 250- and 550-sheet paper drawers

— 2000-sheet high-capacity feeder

— Envelope feeder

— Duplex option–250-sheet

— Duplex option–550-sheet

— Output expander

— High-capacity output stacker

— StapleSmart™ Finisher

— 5-bin Mailbox

— Vertical Kiosk Presenter

— Horizontal Kiosk Presenter

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

6

THEORY OF OPERATION

Printer Paper Path

Internal Duplex: Models T652 & T654

NOTE:

Duplex on the T652 or the T654 is not

a field installable option. In order for a model

T652 or a model T654 to have duplex capability, it must be ordered that way initially.

On rare occasions you may encounter a simplex T652x or T654x that has had the

duplex option disabled at the factory to satisfy a customer’s requirement. In this

situation, the duplex hardware has not been removed. The disabling action is not

reversible in the field.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

7

Duplex: Models T650

Duplex is a field installable option for model T650 only. It is functionally the same

theory of operation & uses the same basic paper path as did the T64x series printers.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

8

Print Engine Transport System

Paper Tray Components

New spring-loaded side guide that enhances feeding & imaging consistency.

• This left side guide helps prevent paper skewing. The spring loaded guide positions itself

to the nearest setting, allowing for imprecise setting of guides.

• Doesn’t have to be reset with every ream. It allows a little forgiveness for

aggressive paper loading.

T65x Paper drawer holds 550 instead of 500. This allows a customer to load a full ream of paper prior to

totally emptying the drawer.

Multiple Sheet Feed Prevention

Media occasionally sticks together along the edges when loaded in the Tray. This may cause a multiple

sheet feed or paper jam. Wider restraint pads (on bottom of tray) help with bottom of tray multi-feeds.

Textured Ramps – use the same principals as our

Special Media Tray, causing fewer multi-feeds.

The T65x paper trays have several enhanced

features:

The back guide is easier to move.

There is a rear guide locking system that

ensures consistent sensing & behavior of

the media. It won’t get knocked out of

position. Ships locked according to geo.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

9

Electrophotographic Process

Charge:

The twin charge rollers deposit a uniform negative electrostatic charge on the light-sensitive

surface of the photoconductor drum: (also called the PC, Photodeveloper, or OPC).

Exposure:

The printhead generates Laser light that enters the cartridge and strikes the photoconductor

(PC) drum in areas to be developed, forming an invisible (latent) electrostatic image of the

desired print. Note: Any form of light (laser, LED's, sun light, etc.) activates the

Electrophotographic (EP) properties of the drum coating. Consequently, care should be taken to

cover the PC when removed from the printer to protect it from exposure to a light source.

Development:

(Developer Roll) Toner is transferred from the reservoir in the toner cartridge to the

photoconductor drum through electrostatic attraction making the image visible on the PC drum.

Toner is attracted only to areas where the laser imaged the drum. Since the toner and the charge

applied to the drum are both negative, the toner will be repelled from areas where the laser did

not image the drum.

Transfer:

The transfer roll rolls along the underside of the paper to be imaged, and moves the toned

image from the photoconductor to the paper. The toner is negatively charged and the transfer roll

bathes the paper with a positive charge; this attracts the toner to the paper.

Fusing:

The paper – now with a “toned” image – moves through the fuser assembly. Using temperature

and pressure, it marries toner to paper.

Cleaning:

Waste toner (toner that was not transferred), paper debris and dust are removed from the

photoconductor drum by the cleaning blade.

Print head

Toner

Developer

Transfer roll

PC drum

Twin Charge

roller

Paper path

Laser li

g

ht

Fuser

Cartridge

Hot roll

Backup roller

The Photoconductor (PC

drum) plays an active role in

every part of the EP process

with the exception of fusing.

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

10

EP (Electrophotographic) Components – T65x Diagram

Printhead

Twin Charge Rollers

Photoconductor

DeveloperFuser Unit

Cleaner Blade

Transfer Roller

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

11

Printheads [Oscillating vs. Spinning Polygon Mirror]

You need to be aware that there are differences in these two types of printheads. Both the alignment

procedures for each type of printhead, as well as the basic diagnostic

steps are different. This printhead

has an alignment procedure that is shown in the next section.

T650 & T650n

The T650 & T650n use an oscillating printhead and uses bidirectional printing. This printhead has a

tuning step in addition to the alignment procedure during installation.

T652dn & T654dn

The T652dn & T654dn use a spinning polygon mirror printhead, as did the T64x. This printhead is 40%

larger than the oscillating printhead and uses unidirectional printing. This printhead has an alignment

procedure that is shown in the next section.

Forward

Reverse

Lexmark T65x and X65x Mono Product Study Guide Rev 1.47

For Training Purposes Only 6/3/2009

12

Polygon & Oscillating printhead assembly adjustment

Do the printhead mechanically registration adjustment whenever you remove or replace the printhead or

loosen the mounting screws.

Install the new printhead with the mounting screws centered in the slots in the printhead frame assembly.

Leave the screws loose enough to allow the printhead to move from side to side within the slots. It is

necessary to perform a mechanical registration adjustment before locking down the three printhead

mounting screws.

In case of paper feed skew, go to “Alignment assembly – skew adjustment” [Page 15]

To perform the mechanical registration adjustment of the printhead:

1. Turn the printer off.

2. Press and hold

and to enter the diagnostic mode.

3. Turn the printer on, and release the buttons when Performing Self Test displays.

4. Select Registration from the menu.

5. Select Quick Test Page. The test page should only be printed on letter or A4 paper from Tray 1. The

Quick Test Page consists of alignment diamonds, horizontal lines that can be used for mechanical

registration adjustment. An example of the printhead alignment printout is shown below:

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