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PowerSwitch S4048-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON
System
9.11(2.5)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 10
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................36
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 36
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................36
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 36
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................39
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 42
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................43
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................43
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 44
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................44
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 44
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................45
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................46
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47
Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................48
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................48
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................48
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 49
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................49
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50
Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51
Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................52
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54
Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 58
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 59
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................60
4 Management................................................................................................................................................62
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 63
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................63
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................63
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................63
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................68
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 70
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................70
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................70
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 70
Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................71
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................72
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................74
Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 74
Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................74
Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................74
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 75
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................75
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 76
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 77
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 78
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 84
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................88
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................90
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................90
Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 91
Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................91
Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 91
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 92
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................94
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................95
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................96
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 96
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................97
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................98
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..........................................................................................................................101
Conguring a Guest VLAN...................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 103
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 103
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 108
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 108
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................110
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 111
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................112
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................112
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................114
Contents
5
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................114
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................116
Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 119
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 120
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................120
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................120
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................121
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 122
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 123
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 123
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................124
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................125
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................126
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................126
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................127
Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................127
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 127
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 128
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 129
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 129
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 129
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 135
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................136
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................136
Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................137
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................137
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................139
Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 140
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 142
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................143
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................143
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 144
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 144
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................145
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 147
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 149
6
Contents
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149
Congure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 150
Congure BFD for Static Routes.............................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................159
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................162
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for VRRP..........................................................................................................................................171
Conguring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................174
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................ 174
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................176
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 176
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................178
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 178
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................179
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................180
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................180
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................182
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................182
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................183
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................184
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................185
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 185
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................185
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................186
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................186
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 186
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation.............................................................................................................187
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................187
AS4 Number Representation...................................................................................................................................187
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 189
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................190
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................190
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 191
BGP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................... 191
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 192
Conguring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................195
Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 197
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................199
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 201
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................201
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 202
Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................203
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................204
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 204
Contents
7
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................206
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 207
Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 208
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 208
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 209
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................210
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute..............................................................................................................211
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 212
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...................................................................................................212
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............. 213
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................214
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................214
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................214
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................216
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 216
Conguring BGP Route Reectors.........................................................................................................................217
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................218
Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 218
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................219
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................221
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................221
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................222
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 224
Enabling MBGP Congurations....................................................................................................................................224
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 225
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................225
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 225
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................226
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 227
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 228
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 228
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................235
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 235
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 237
View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................237
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................239
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 239
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................239
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................239
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)...................................................................................................................241
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 242
Conguring CoPP for Protocols.............................................................................................................................243
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 245
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................246
8
Contents
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 249
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 249
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 252
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 252
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 253
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................254
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................255
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.................................................................................................................. 256
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................256
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................257
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................258
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................258
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 259
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 260
PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 260
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................261
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................261
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................262
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................262
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................264
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................264
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 264
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................265
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................265
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 266
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................266
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 266
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 266
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................268
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 268
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................269
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 270
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac....................................................................................................271
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack..................................................................................................................... 271
Congure a DCBx Operation.........................................................................................................................................271
DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................271
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 272
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................273
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................273
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................274
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................274
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................275
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................275
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 275
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................279
Contents
9
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................288
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 289
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................290
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................292
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 293
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 293
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................295
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................296
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 296
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 297
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 298
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 298
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................298
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 299
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................299
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................299
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 300
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 300
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 302
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................302
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................304
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................304
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 305
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................305
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................306
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................306
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................309
Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 310
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.....................................................................................................................311
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 312
Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................312
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 313
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................313
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 314
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................314
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................315
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................315
Conguring the Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................315
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 315
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 316
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 316
Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................317
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................317
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold..................................................................................................................317
10
Contents
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................318
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 319
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................322
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 322
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 322
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 324
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................326
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 326
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................326
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 326
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 327
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................328
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 328
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................328
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................328
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 328
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 329
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................329
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................330
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................335
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................ 337
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................337
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism....................................................................................................................... 337
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................338
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................338
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................338
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................339
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................340
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 340
LACP and IPv6 Routing..........................................................................................................................................340
BGP Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................. 341
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................ 341
Unexpected Reload of the System.........................................................................................................................341
Software Upgrade.................................................................................................................................................... 341
LACP Fast Switchover.............................................................................................................................................341
Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................342
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................342
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................342
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 343
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................344
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 344
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................344
Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 345
Contents
11
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................345
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................345
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 346
18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 347
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 347
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 348
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................348
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................349
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................350
Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 351
FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 351
Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 351
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................352
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................353
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................354
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................354
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................354
Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 354
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 355
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................355
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................355
FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 356
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................357
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 358
19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................359
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 359
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 360
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................360
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................361
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface.........................................................................................................................361
Congure GVRP Registration....................................................................................................................................... 361
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 362
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................362
20 High Availability (HA)...............................................................................................................................364
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 364
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 364
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................365
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 365
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................366
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 366
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 366
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 366
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 366
12
Contents
Hitless Behavior..............................................................................................................................................................367
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................367
Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 367
Software Component Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................367
System Health Monitoring...................................................................................................................................... 367
Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 368
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................368
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 369
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 369
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................369
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................369
IGMP Version 3......................................................................................................................................................... 371
Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................374
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 374
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 375
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 375
Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 375
Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................376
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 376
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.....................................................................................................................377
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 380
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................380
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................380
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................380
Removing a Group-Port Association......................................................................................................................381
Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................381
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 382
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 382
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................383
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................383
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................383
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 384
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 385
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 386
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................386
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................387
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 387
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 388
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................389
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................390
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................390
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 392
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................392
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................392
Contents
13
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................393
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................393
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................395
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................396
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................396
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................396
Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 396
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................397
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................397
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................398
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 398
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................399
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 399
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 399
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400
Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 400
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 401
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 402
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................403
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 403
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................403
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................404
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................404
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................404
Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................405
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................405
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 405
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................406
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 407
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 408
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 408
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 409
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................410
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 410
Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................410
Bulk Conguration...........................................................................................................................................................411
Interface Range......................................................................................................................................................... 411
Bulk Conguration Examples................................................................................................................................... 411
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................. 413
Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 413
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................413
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 414
Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................415
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................415
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 416
14
Contents
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................ 417
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................418
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418
Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 418
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................420
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................420
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 420
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................420
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 422
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 422
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 423
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................424
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................424
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................425
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 425
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................426
View Advanced Interface Information......................................................................................................................... 427
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 428
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................429
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 430
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 431
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................432
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................432
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 434
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................435
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................435
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................435
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................435
Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................436
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 437
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 438
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................438
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 438
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 439
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 439
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................439
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................440
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 440
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 441
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 441
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 442
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................442
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................442
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 443
Contents
15
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................443
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................443
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 443
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................444
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 445
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 445
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 445
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................445
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................445
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 446
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................446
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 446
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................447
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................447
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................448
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................448
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................449
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................449
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................450
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................450
Extended Address Space.........................................................................................................................................451
Stateless Autoconguration.................................................................................................................................... 451
IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................451
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................452
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................454
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................455
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................456
ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 457
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................458
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................458
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................459
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 459
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 459
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................460
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................................................461
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...............................................................................................................461
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 462
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................462
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................463
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................463
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................464
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................464
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................464
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 465
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................465
16
Contents
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 467
Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 467
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 467
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 468
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................469
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................470
26 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 471
iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................471
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................................... 473
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................473
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 473
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................474
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................. 474
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................475
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 475
Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................... 476
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................476
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................476
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................478
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................480
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 480
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................480
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 481
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 481
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................482
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................482
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................482
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................482
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................482
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................483
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................484
Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................491
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 492
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................494
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................495
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................496
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 496
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 497
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................498
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 498
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 498
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................498
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................500
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................501
Contents
17
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 503
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 503
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 503
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................504
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................504
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................505
Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 505
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................505
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 506
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................506
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 507
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 507
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................509
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 509
Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................509
29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 518
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................. 518
Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................518
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................518
Conguring a Static MAC Address.........................................................................................................................519
Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................519
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................519
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 520
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 520
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 520
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 521
mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 521
Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................521
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 522
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 522
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................523
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 523
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................524
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 526
Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 527
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................528
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 529
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 529
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................530
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 532
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................532
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 532
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................533
18
Contents
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 533
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 535
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 535
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 539
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................539
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 539
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................540
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 540
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................540
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................541
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................541
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................541
Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................541
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 543
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 543
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 544
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 545
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 545
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 546
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................546
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 548
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................553
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................553
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................553
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................554
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................554
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 554
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................554
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB....................................................................................................................555
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................556
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................556
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................557
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 558
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................558
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................558
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 562
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 563
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................563
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................563
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................564
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 564
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................564
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................567
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................568
Contents
19
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................568
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 569
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 569
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................570
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................570
Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................571
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................571
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................572
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................573
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................574
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................574
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................576
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................579
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 579
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 580
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 580
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................580
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................581
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally....................................................................................................................... 581
Adding and Removing Interfaces..................................................................................................................................581
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 582
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................583
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................583
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 584
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................584
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 585
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 586
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................587
MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 587
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................588
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................591
34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 593
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................593
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................593
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................594
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................594
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)........................................................................................................... 601
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 602
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 602
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................603
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................604
35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................610
20
Contents
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