Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.11(2.5)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 10

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................36

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................36

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 36

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 37

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................ 37

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................37

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................39

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 42

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................43

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................43

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 44

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................44

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 44

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................45

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................46

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................ 47

Serial Console............................................................................................................................................................. 47

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................48

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................48

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................48

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 49

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 49

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................49

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 49

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................50

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................50

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50

Conguration File Management......................................................................................................................................51

Copy Files to and from the System..........................................................................................................................51

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................52

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 58

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 59

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 59

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................60

4 Management................................................................................................................................................62

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................62

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 63

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................63

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................63

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................65

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 65

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 65

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 66

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................68

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 70

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................70

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................70

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 70

Display Login Statistics...............................................................................................................................................71

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................72

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................72

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 73

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................74

Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 74

Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................74

Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................74

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 75

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................75

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................75

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 76

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 77

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 78

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 78

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................79

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................79

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 79

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................79

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................80

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................80

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.................................................................................................81

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................82

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 83

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................83

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 84

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................84

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 84

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................88

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................90

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................90

Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 91

Related Conguration Tasks......................................................................................................................................91

Important Points to Remember...................................................................................................................................... 91

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 92

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................94

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................94

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................95

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................96

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 96

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port................................................................................................................97

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................98

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................100

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs..........................................................................................................................101

Conguring a Guest VLAN...................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN..............................................................................................................101

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 103

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 103

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 104

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................104

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 104

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................105

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 106

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes...................................................................................................................107

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 108

Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 108

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................110

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................................... 111

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................112

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................112

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................114

Contents

5

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................114

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................116

Conguring Set Conditions...................................................................................................................................... 117

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................118

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 119

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 119

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 120

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................120

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................120

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................121

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 122

Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 123

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 123

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................124

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................125

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................126

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................126

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................127

Congure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................127

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 127

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 128

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 129

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 129

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 129

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................135

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 135

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................136

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................136

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................137

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................137

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................139

Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 140

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 142

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................143

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................143

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 144

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 144

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................145

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 147

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 149

6

Contents

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149

Congure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 150

Congure BFD for Static Routes.............................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................159

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................162

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................165

Congure BFD for VRRP..........................................................................................................................................171

Conguring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................174

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................ 174

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................176

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 176

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................178

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 178

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................179

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................180

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................180

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................182

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................182

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................183

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................184

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................185

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 185

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................185

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................186

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................186

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 186

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation.............................................................................................................187

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................187

AS4 Number Representation...................................................................................................................................187

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 189

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................190

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................190

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................. 191

BGP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................... 191

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 192

Conguring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................195

Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 197

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................199

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 201

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................201

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 202

Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................203

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................204

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 204

Contents

7

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................206

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 207

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 208

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 208

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 209

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................210

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute..............................................................................................................211

Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 212

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...................................................................................................212

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............. 213

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................214

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................214

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................214

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................216

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 216

Conguring BGP Route Reectors.........................................................................................................................217

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................218

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 218

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................219

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................221

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................221

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................222

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 224

Enabling MBGP Congurations....................................................................................................................................224

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 225

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................225

Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 225

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................226

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 227

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 228

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 228

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................235

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 235

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 237

View CAM-ACL Settings...............................................................................................................................................237

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................239

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 239

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................239

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................239

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)...................................................................................................................241

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 242

Conguring CoPP for Protocols.............................................................................................................................243

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 245

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................246

8

Contents

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 249

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 249

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 252

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 252

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 253

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................254

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................255

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.................................................................................................................. 256

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................256

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................257

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................258

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................258

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 259

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 260

PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 260

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................261

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................261

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................262

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................262

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................264

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................264

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 264

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................265

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................265

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 266

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................266

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 266

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 266

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................268

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 268

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................269

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 270

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac....................................................................................................271

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack..................................................................................................................... 271

Congure a DCBx Operation.........................................................................................................................................271

DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................................271

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 272

DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................273

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................273

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................274

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................274

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................275

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................275

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 275

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................279

Contents

9

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................288

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 289

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................290

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................292

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 293

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 293

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................295

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................296

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 296

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 297

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 298

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 298

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................298

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 299

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................299

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................299

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 300

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 300

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 302

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................302

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................304

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................304

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 305

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................305

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................306

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................306

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................309

Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 310

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection.....................................................................................................................311

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 312

Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................312

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 313

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................313

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 314

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................314

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................315

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity......................................................................................................................................315

Conguring the Hash Algorithm.............................................................................................................................315

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop............................................................................................................... 315

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed................................................................................................................... 316

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 316

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................317

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................317

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold..................................................................................................................317

10

Contents

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................318

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 319

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................322

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 322

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 322

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 324

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................326

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 326

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................326

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 326

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 327

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................328

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 328

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................328

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................328

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 328

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 329

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................329

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................330

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................335

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................ 337

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................337

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism....................................................................................................................... 337

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................338

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................338

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................338

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................339

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................340

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 340

LACP and IPv6 Routing..........................................................................................................................................340

BGP Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................. 341

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................ 341

Unexpected Reload of the System.........................................................................................................................341

Software Upgrade.................................................................................................................................................... 341

LACP Fast Switchover.............................................................................................................................................341

Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................342

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................342

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................342

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 343

17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................344

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 344

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................344

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 345

Contents

11

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................345

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................345

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 346

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 347

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 347

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 348

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................348

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................349

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................350

Implementing FRRP....................................................................................................................................................... 351

FRRP Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 351

Creating the FRRP Group....................................................................................................................................... 351

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................352

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................353

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................354

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................354

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................354

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 354

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 355

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................355

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................355

FRRP Support on VLT.................................................................................................................................................. 356

Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................357

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 358

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................359

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 359

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 360

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................360

Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................361

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface.........................................................................................................................361

Congure GVRP Registration....................................................................................................................................... 361

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 362

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................362

20 High Availability (HA)...............................................................................................................................364

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 364

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 364

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................365

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 365

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................366

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 366

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 366

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 366

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 366

12

Contents

Hitless Behavior..............................................................................................................................................................367

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................367

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 367

Software Component Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................367

System Health Monitoring...................................................................................................................................... 367

Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 368

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................368

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 369

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 369

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................369

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................369

IGMP Version 3......................................................................................................................................................... 371

Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................374

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 374

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 375

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 375

Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 375

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................376

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 376

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.....................................................................................................................377

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 380

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................380

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................380

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................380

Removing a Group-Port Association......................................................................................................................381

Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................381

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 382

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 382

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................383

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................383

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................383

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 384

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 385

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 386

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................386

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................387

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 387

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 388

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................389

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................390

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................390

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 392

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................392

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................392

Contents

13

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................393

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................393

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................395

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................396

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................396

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................396

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 396

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................397

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................397

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................398

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 398

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................399

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 399

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 399

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400

Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 400

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 401

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 402

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................403

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 403

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................403

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................404

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................404

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................404

Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................405

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................405

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 405

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................406

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 407

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 408

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 408

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 409

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................410

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 410

Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................410

Bulk Conguration...........................................................................................................................................................411

Interface Range......................................................................................................................................................... 411

Bulk Conguration Examples................................................................................................................................... 411

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................. 413

Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 413

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.....................................................................................................................413

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 414

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................415

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................415

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 416

14

Contents

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................ 417

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port...................................................................................418

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 418

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................420

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................420

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 420

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................420

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 422

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 422

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 423

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................424

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................424

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................425

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 425

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................426

View Advanced Interface Information......................................................................................................................... 427

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 428

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................429

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 430

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 431

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................432

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................432

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 434

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................435

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................435

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................435

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................435

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................436

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 437

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 438

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................438

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 438

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 439

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 439

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................439

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................440

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 440

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 441

ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 441

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 442

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................442

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................442

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 443

Contents

15

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................443

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................443

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 443

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................444

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 445

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 445

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 445

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................445

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................445

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 446

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................446

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 446

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................447

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................447

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................448

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................448

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................449

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................449

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................450

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................450

Extended Address Space.........................................................................................................................................451

Stateless Autoconguration.................................................................................................................................... 451

IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................451

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................452

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................454

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................455

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................456

ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 457

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................458

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................458

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................459

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 459

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 459

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................460

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................................................461

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...............................................................................................................461

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 462

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................462

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................463

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................463

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................464

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................464

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................464

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 465

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................465

16

Contents

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 467

Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 467

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 467

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 468

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................469

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................470

26 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 471

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................471

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................................... 473

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................473

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 473

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................474

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................. 474

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................475

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 475

Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................... 476

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................476

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................476

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................478

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................480

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 480

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................480

Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 481

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 481

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................482

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................482

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................482

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................482

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................482

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................483

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................484

Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................491

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 492

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................494

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................495

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................496

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 496

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 497

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................498

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 498

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 498

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................498

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................500

Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................501

Contents

17

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 503

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 503

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 503

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................504

Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................504

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................505

Creating a LAG........................................................................................................................................................ 505

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................505

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 506

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................506

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 507

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 507

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................509

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 509

Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................509

29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 518

Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................. 518

Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................518

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................518

Conguring a Static MAC Address.........................................................................................................................519

Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................519

MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................519

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 520

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 520

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 520

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 521

mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 521

Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................521

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 522

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 522

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................523

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 523

Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................524

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 526

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 527

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................528

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 529

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 529

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................530

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 532

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................532

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 532

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................533

18

Contents

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 533

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 535

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 535

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 539

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................539

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 539

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................540

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 540

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................540

Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................541

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................541

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................541

Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................541

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 543

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 543

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 544

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 545

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 545

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 546

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................546

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 548

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................553

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................553

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................553

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................554

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................554

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 554

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................554

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB....................................................................................................................555

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................556

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................556

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................557

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 558

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................558

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................558

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 562

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 563

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................563

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................563

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................564

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 564

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................564

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................567

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................568

Contents

19

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................568

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 569

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 569

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................570

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................570

Clearing Peer Statistics..................................................................................................................................................571

Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................571

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................572

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................573

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................574

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................574

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................576

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................579

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 579

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 580

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 580

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................580

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................581

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally....................................................................................................................... 581

Adding and Removing Interfaces..................................................................................................................................581

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 582

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................583

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................583

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 584

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................584

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 585

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 586

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................587

MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 587

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................588

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................591

34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 593

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................593

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................593

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................594

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................594

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)........................................................................................................... 601

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 602

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 602

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................603

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................604

35 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................610

20

Contents

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