Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.14.0.0

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2018 - 07

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................38

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................38

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................38

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 38

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 39

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................39

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................39

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................41

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 44

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................45

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 45

Command History............................................................................................................................................................46

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................46

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 46

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode........................................................................................................................... 47

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................48

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................49

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................50

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................50

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................50

Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 51

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................ 51

Accessing the System Remotely.................................................................................................................................... 51

Accessing the System Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Management Port IP Address..........................................................................................................51

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................52

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................52

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................53

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................53

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 54

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................54

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................56

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario................................................................................................57

Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 57

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 58

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 60

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 61

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 62

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 62

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................62

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 63

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 65

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 65

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................66

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 66

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................66

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................66

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................66

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 68

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 68

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 68

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 69

Conguring Logging Format ....................................................................................................................................71

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration...................................................................................71

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................72

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 73

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................73

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................73

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 73

Display Login Statistics.............................................................................................................................................. 74

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................75

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................75

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................76

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 76

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................77

Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 77

Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................77

Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................77

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 78

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................78

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................78

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 79

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................80

Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................81

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.....................................................................................................................81

File Transfer Services...................................................................................................................................................... 82

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................82

Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................82

Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 82

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................83

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................83

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................84

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................85

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 86

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................86

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 87

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................87

Reloading the system.......................................................................................................................................................87

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................88

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................88

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 89

Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot.............................................................................................................. 90

5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 91

Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................................................... 93

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................94

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 94

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................94

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 95

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................96

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................98

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................99

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 99

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..............................................................................................................100

Re-Authenticating a Port............................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring Timeouts.....................................................................................................................................................102

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 103

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................104

Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................104

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 104

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 106

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 106

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................107

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................107

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 107

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................108

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 109

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes................................................................................................................... 110

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes........................................................................................................................111

Conguring UFT Modes............................................................................................................................................111

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................112

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................113

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................114

Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................114

Contents

5

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................116

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................116

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................118

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 120

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................121

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 121

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................122

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 122

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................122

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................123

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 123

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 124

Congure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................125

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................125

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................127

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................127

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................128

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................128

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................129

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 129

Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................130

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 131

IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 131

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 132

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 132

ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 135

Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 135

Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 136

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 137

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................137

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................138

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 138

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 139

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................140

Conguring ACL Logging........................................................................................................................................ 140

Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 141

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 141

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................142

Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................143

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 146

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................147

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................147

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 148

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 148

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................149

6

Contents

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 150

BFD Three-Way Handshake.....................................................................................................................................151

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................153

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 153

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 153

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................155

Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................159

Congure BFD for OSPF..........................................................................................................................................161

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................166

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................169

Congure BFD for BGP............................................................................................................................................171

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................179

Conguring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................181

9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)................................................................................................................ 182

Border Gateway Protocol version 4 (BGPv4).............................................................................................................182

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 182

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 184

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................186

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................186

MBGP for IPv4 MulticastBGP Address Family modelIPv4 and IPv6 address family........................................187

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................187

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 187

Implementing BGP global and address family.............................................................................................................188

BGP global conguration default values................................................................................................................189

BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................189

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................190

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 191

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................192

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................192

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................193

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................194

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 194

Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS.........................................................................................................195

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................195

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 195

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 196

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 196

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................197

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 197

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................198

Conguring a basic BGP network................................................................................................................................ 198

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 198

Conguring a BGP peer...........................................................................................................................................201

Conguring AS4 Number Representations.......................................................................................................... 202

Contents

7

Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 203

Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration...............................................................................................................205

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................208

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................208

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 210

Conguring Peer Groups..........................................................................................................................................211

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................219

Conguring Passive Peering...................................................................................................................................220

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 221

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 222

Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................223

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................224

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................225

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................226

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................227

Conguring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................227

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 228

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 229

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................230

Changing MED Attributes........................................................................................................................................231

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................232

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes.............232

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 233

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................233

Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................234

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 235

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 235

Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................238

Setting the extended timer.....................................................................................................................................238

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................239

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 240

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 241

MBGP support for IPv6.................................................................................................................................................241

Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers..................................................................................................................... 241

Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors......................................................................................................... 242

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor............................................... 244

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................246

Debugging BGP..............................................................................................................................................................246

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 247

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 248

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 249

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 250

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 250

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................252

8

Contents

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 252

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................254

Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................254

Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 254

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 255

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................256

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................256

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 257

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 258

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 259

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues....................................................................................................................... 261

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................262

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 265

Displaying CoPP Conguration .............................................................................................................................265

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................268

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 268

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 269

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................270

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)................................................................................................271

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................272

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 272

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................273

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration.............................................................................................................. 274

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 274

Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................275

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 276

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................276

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 277

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................277

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................278

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................278

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................280

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................280

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 280

Behavior of Tagged Packets..........................................................................................................................................281

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................281

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................282

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................282

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................282

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................283

ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 284

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................284

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................285

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................286

Contents

9

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 287

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.....................................................................................................................287

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 287

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 287

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 288

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 289

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................289

Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 290

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 290

DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 291

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions..................................................................................................................... 291

Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................291

Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 295

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................304

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 305

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................306

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................308

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................309

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 309

Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................ 311

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 312

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 312

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................313

Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................314

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 315

Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................315

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 315

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 315

Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................316

Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 316

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 316

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................318

Conguring the DHCP Client System....................................................................................................................318

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................320

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................320

DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs.........................................................................321

Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent.................................................................... 321

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................322

Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 323

Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 323

DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 324

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................328

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................329

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 330

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 331

10

Contents

Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................331

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 332

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................332

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................333

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 333

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 334

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................334

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 334

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 334

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 335

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 335

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................336

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................336

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................336

RTAG7............................................................................................................................................................................. 337

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 338

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 341

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................341

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................341

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 343

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................345

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 345

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................345

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 345

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................346

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................347

Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................347

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 347

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................347

Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................347

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 348

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................348

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................349

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................354

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................356

Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 356

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................356

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 357

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................357

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 357

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................358

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................359

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 359

Contents

11

LACP and IPv6 Routing..........................................................................................................................................359

BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 360

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System............................................................................................... 360

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................360

Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 360

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................360

Changes to BGP Multipath..................................................................................................................................... 361

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP................................................................................................... 361

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................ 361

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 362

17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................363

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 363

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................363

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 364

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................364

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................364

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 365

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 366

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................366

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 367

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................367

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................368

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................369

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................370

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................370

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................370

Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................371

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................372

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 373

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 373

Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 373

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................373

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................374

Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 374

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 374

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................375

Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................376

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................377

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 378

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................378

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................379

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 379

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 380

12

Contents

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................380

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 380

Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 381

RPM Redundancy...........................................................................................................................................................381

20 High Availability (HA)...............................................................................................................................383

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 383

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 383

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................384

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 384

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................385

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 385

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 385

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 385

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 385

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................386

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 386

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 386

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................386

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................387

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................387

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 388

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 388

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................388

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 388

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................390

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 393

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................393

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 394

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................394

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................395

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 395

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 395

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 396

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 399

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................399

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................399

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................399

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................400

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................400

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router....................................................................................... 401

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................401

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................402

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................402

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................402

Contents

13

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 403

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 404

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................405

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac..................................................................................................................... 405

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 406

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................406

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 407

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .......................................................................... 408

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................409

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................409

22 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................411

Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................ 411

Advanced Interface Conguration................................................................................................................................ 411

Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................412

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................412

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 414

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 415

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 415

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.....................................................................................................415

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 416

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 416

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 416

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................417

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 417

Monitoring internal physical temperature of 10GBase-T optical ports.....................................................................418

Enabling temperature polling on ports.................................................................................................................. 420

Setting the reset port to normal mode................................................................................................................. 420

Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 420

Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface.......................................................................421

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................422

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................422

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 422

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................422

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................422

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................424

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 425

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................425

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 426

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 426

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................426

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................426

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................427

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................427

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................428

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................428

14

Contents

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................428

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................430

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel............................................................................... 431

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................. 431

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 432

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 432

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................433

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 433

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 434

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................434

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................434

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 436

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 436

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 436

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 436

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 437

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 438

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................438

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 440

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................440

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 441

Example Scenarios................................................................................................................................................... 441

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................442

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................443

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................443

Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................444

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................446

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................447

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 448

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 448

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................449

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................450

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................450

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................450

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................452

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................452

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 453

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................454

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 456

Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 456

Discard Counters............................................................................................................................................................457

Display discard counters..........................................................................................................................................457

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 459

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................459

Contents

15

24 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................461

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................462

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................462

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................462

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................462

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................463

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................464

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 465

Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................465

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................465

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 465

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 466

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 466

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................467

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................ 467

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................467

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................468

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 469

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 469

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................469

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................470

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 470

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................470

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................470

ARP Learning via ARP Request.................................................................................................................................... 471

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................471

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................472

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 472

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 472

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................473

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................473

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................473

Enabling UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................... 473

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................473

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 474

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................................... 474

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 475

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................475

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 476

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 477

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 477

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................478

Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................478

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................478

16

Contents

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................479

Extension Header Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 481

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 482

Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 483

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................484

Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 485

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................485

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................486

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 486

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 486

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 487

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................488

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 488

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 489

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................489

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................490

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................490

Conguring Telnet with IPv6...................................................................................................................................491

SNMP over IPv6.......................................................................................................................................................491

Displaying IPv6 Information.....................................................................................................................................491

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 492

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................492

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................494

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................494

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 494

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 495

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................496

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................497

26 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 498

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................498

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................500

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 500

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................500

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................501

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................. 501

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................502

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................502

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................503

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 503

Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 503

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 505

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................507

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................507

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................507

Contents

17

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 508

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 508

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 509

Adjacencies.............................................................................................................................................................. 509

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 509

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 509

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 509

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................510

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS................................................................................................................................... 511

Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................518

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................519

Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................521

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................522

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................523

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 523

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 524

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................525

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 525

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 525

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................525

Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 527

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 528

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 530

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 530

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 530

LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................531

Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................531

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................532

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................532

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................532

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................533

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................533

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 534

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................534

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................536

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 536

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 536

29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 545

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 545

Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................545

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................545

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................546

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................546

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................546

18

Contents

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.............................................................................................................................547

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................547

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 547

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 548

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 548

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................548

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 549

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 549

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 550

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................550

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 551

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 553

Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................554

FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 555

Conguring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................556

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 556

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................557

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 559

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 559

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 559

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................560

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 560

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 562

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 562

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 566

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................566

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 566

LLDP Compatibility.................................................................................................................................................. 567

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 567

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................567

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................568

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................568

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................568

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................568

Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................... 570

Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs..................................................................................................................... 570

Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.............................................................................................. 570

Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................ 570

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 571

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors.................................................................................571

Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors............................................................................... 571

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 573

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval........................................................................................................................574

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................574

Contents

19

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 575

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................ 576

Relevant Management Objects....................................................................................................................................577

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................582

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................582

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................582

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................583

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................583

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 583

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................583

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 584

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................585

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................585

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................586

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................587

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................ 587

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 587

Enable MSDP..................................................................................................................................................................591

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 592

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................592

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................592

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 593

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 593

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................593

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................596

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................597

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source....................................................................................................... 597

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 598

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 598

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................599

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................599

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................600

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................600

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 601

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................602

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................603

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 603

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 605

36 Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol..................................................................................................... 608

MLD Version 1................................................................................................................................................................ 608

MLD Querier Router......................................................................................................................................................608

Joining a Multicast Group.............................................................................................................................................609

Leaving a Multicast Group............................................................................................................................................609

20

Contents

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