Aruba Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide
- Category
- Networking
- Type
- Configuration Guide
HPE FlexFabric 5710 Switch Series
Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide
Part number: 5200-4992b
Software version: Release 2612 and later
Document version: 6W102-20200310
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Contents
Configuring basic IP routing ································································ 1
Routing table ···························································································································· 1
Dynamic routing protocols ············································································································ 2
Route preference ······················································································································· 2
Load sharing ····························································································································· 3
Route backup ···························································································································· 3
Route recursion ························································································································· 3
Route redistribution ···················································································································· 3
Extension attribute redistribution ··································································································· 4
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB ······························································ 4
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB ············································································· 4
Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB ····························································· 5
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ················································································· 5
Configuring the ECMP mode ········································································································ 6
Enabling the enhanced ECMP mode ······················································································· 6
Enabling the compressed ECMP mode ···················································································· 6
Configuring RIB NSR ·················································································································· 6
Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR ···································································································· 7
Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR ···································································································· 7
Configuring inter-protocol FRR ······································································································ 7
Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR ·················································································· 7
Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR ·················································································· 8
Enabling support for IPv6 routes with prefixes longer than 64 bits ························································· 8
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup ············································································· 8
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup for IPv4 routes ·················································· 9
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup for IPv6 routes ·················································· 9
Setting the maximum number of active routes ·················································································· 9
Setting the maximum number of active IPv4 routes ····································································· 9
Setting the maximum number of active IPv6 routes ··································································· 10
Enabling route fast switchover ···································································································· 10
Enabling IPv4 route fast switchover ······················································································· 10
Enabling IPv6 route fast switchover ······················································································· 10
Displaying and maintaining a routing table ····················································································· 11
Configuring static routing ································································· 13
Configuring a static route ··········································································································· 13
Configuring BFD for static routes ································································································· 14
Bidirectional control mode ··································································································· 14
Single-hop echo mode ········································································································ 15
Configuring static route FRR ······································································································ 16
Configuration guidelines ····································································································· 16
Configuring static route FRR by specifying a backup next hop ···················································· 16
Configuring static route FRR to automatically select a backup next hop ········································ 17
Enabling BFD echo packet mode for static route FRR ······························································· 17
Displaying and maintaining static routes ······················································································· 17
Static route configuration examples ····························································································· 18
Basic static route configuration example ················································································· 18
BFD for static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ······················································ 20
BFD for static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ··················································· 22
Static route FRR configuration example ················································································· 24
Configuring a default route ······························································· 28
Configuring RIP ············································································· 29
Overview ································································································································ 29
RIP route entries ··············································································································· 29
Routing loop prevention ······································································································ 29
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RIP operation ··················································································································· 29
RIP versions ····················································································································· 30
Protocols and standards ····································································································· 30
RIP configuration task list ·········································································································· 30
Configuring basic RIP ··············································································································· 31
Enabling RIP ···················································································································· 31
Controlling RIP reception and advertisement on interfaces ························································· 32
Configuring a RIP version ··································································································· 32
Configuring RIP route control ······································································································ 33
Configuring an additional routing metric·················································································· 33
Configuring RIPv2 route summarization ················································································· 34
Disabling host route reception ······························································································ 35
Advertising a default route ··································································································· 35
Configuring received/redistributed route filtering ······································································· 35
Setting a preference for RIP ································································································ 36
Configuring RIP route redistribution ······················································································· 36
Tuning and optimizing RIP networks ···························································································· 37
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 37
Setting RIP timers ············································································································· 37
Enabling split horizon and poison reverse ··············································································· 38
Setting the maximum number of RIP ECMP routes ··································································· 38
Enabling zero field check on incoming RIPv1 messages ···························································· 39
Enabling source IP address check on incoming RIP updates ······················································ 39
Configuring RIPv2 message authentication ············································································· 39
Setting the RIP triggered update interval ················································································ 40
Specifying a RIP neighbor ··································································································· 40
Configuring RIP network management ··················································································· 41
Configuring the RIP packet sending rate ················································································· 41
Setting the maximum length of RIP packets ············································································ 41
Setting the DSCP value for outgoing RIP packets ····································································· 42
Configuring RIP GR ·················································································································· 42
Enabling RIP NSR···················································································································· 43
Configuring BFD for RIP ············································································································ 43
Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a directly connected RIP neighbor) ······························· 44
Configuring single-hop echo detection (for a specific destination) ················································ 44
Configuring bidirectional control detection ··············································································· 44
Configuring RIP FRR ················································································································ 45
Configuration restrictions and guidelines ················································································ 45
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 45
Configuring RIP FRR ········································································································· 46
Enabling BFD for RIP FRR ·································································································· 46
Displaying and maintaining RIP ··································································································· 46
RIP configuration examples ········································································································ 47
Configuring basic RIP ········································································································· 47
Configuring RIP route redistribution ······················································································· 50
Configuring an additional metric for a RIP interface ··································································· 52
Configuring RIP to advertise a summary route ········································································· 53
Configuring RIP GR ··········································································································· 56
Configuring RIP NSR ········································································································· 56
Configuring BFD for RIP (single-hop echo detection for a directly connected neighbor) ···················· 58
Configuring BFD for RIP (single hop echo detection for a specific destination) ································ 61
Configuring BFD for RIP (bidirectional detection in BFD control packet mode) ································ 63
Configuring RIP FRR ········································································································· 66
Configuring OSPF ·········································································· 69
Overview ································································································································ 69
OSPF packets ·················································································································· 69
LSA types ························································································································ 69
OSPF areas ····················································································································· 70
Router types ····················································································································· 72
Route types ······················································································································ 73
Route calculation ··············································································································· 73
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OSPF network types ·········································································································· 74
DR and BDR ···················································································································· 74
Protocols and standards ····································································································· 75
OSPF configuration task list ······································································································· 75
Enabling OSPF ······················································································································· 77
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 77
Configuration guidelines ····································································································· 77
Enabling OSPF on a network ······························································································· 77
Enabling OSPF on an interface ···························································································· 78
Configuring OSPF areas ············································································································ 78
Configuring a stub area ······································································································ 79
Configuring an NSSA area ·································································································· 79
Configuring a virtual link ······································································································ 80
Configuring OSPF network types ································································································· 80
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 81
Configuring the broadcast network type for an interface ····························································· 81
Configuring the NBMA network type for an interface ································································· 81
Configuring the P2MP network type for an interface ·································································· 82
Configuring the P2P network type for an interface ···································································· 82
Configuring OSPF route control ·································································································· 83
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 83
Configuring OSPF route summarization ················································································· 83
Configuring received OSPF route filtering ··············································································· 84
Configuring Type-3 LSA filtering ··························································································· 84
Setting an OSPF cost for an interface ···················································································· 85
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ········································································· 85
Setting OSPF preference ···································································································· 86
Configuring discard routes for summary networks ···································································· 86
Configuring OSPF route redistribution ···················································································· 86
Advertising a host route ······································································································ 88
Excluding interfaces in an OSPF area from the base topology ···················································· 88
Tuning and optimizing OSPF networks ························································································· 88
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································· 88
Setting OSPF timers ·········································································································· 88
Setting LSA transmission delay ···························································································· 89
Setting SPF calculation interval ···························································································· 90
Setting the LSA arrival interval ····························································································· 90
Setting the LSA generation interval ······················································································· 90
Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPF packets ··················································· 91
Configuring stub routers ······································································································ 91
Configuring OSPF authentication ·························································································· 92
Adding the interface MTU into DD packets ·············································································· 93
Setting the DSCP value for outgoing OSPF packets ································································· 93
Setting the maximum number of external LSAs in LSDB ···························································· 93
Setting OSPF exit overflow interval ······················································································· 94
Enabling compatibility with RFC 1583 ···················································································· 94
Logging neighbor state changes ··························································································· 95
Configuring OSPF network management ················································································ 95
Setting the LSU transmit rate ······························································································· 96
Setting the maximum length of OSPF packets that can be sent by an interface······························· 96
Enabling OSPF ISPF ········································································································· 97
Configuring prefix suppression ····························································································· 97
Configuring prefix prioritization ····························································································· 98
Configuring OSPF PIC ······································································································· 98
Setting the number of OSPF logs ·························································································· 99
Filtering outbound LSAs on an interface ··············································································· 100
Filtering LSAs for the specified neighbor··············································································· 100
Configuring GTSM for OSPF ····························································································· 100
Configuring OSPF GR ············································································································· 101
Configuring OSPF GR restarter ·························································································· 101
Configuring OSPF GR helper ····························································································· 102
Triggering OSPF GR ········································································································ 103
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Configuring OSPF NSR ··········································································································· 103
Configuring BFD for OSPF ······································································································· 104
Configuring bidirectional control detection ············································································· 104
Configuring single-hop echo detection ················································································· 104
Configuring OSPF FRR ··········································································································· 104
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 105
Configuration guidelines ··································································································· 105
Configuration procedure ··································································································· 105
Advertising OSPF link state information to BGP ············································································ 107
Displaying and maintaining OSPF ····························································································· 107
OSPF configuration examples ·································································································· 108
Basic OSPF configuration example ····················································································· 108
OSPF route redistribution configuration example ···································································· 111
OSPF route summarization configuration example ································································· 112
OSPF stub area configuration example ················································································ 115
OSPF NSSA area configuration example ·············································································· 118
OSPF DR election configuration example ············································································· 120
OSPF virtual link configuration example ··············································································· 124
OSPF GR configuration example ························································································ 126
OSPF NSR configuration example ······················································································ 129
BFD for OSPF configuration example ·················································································· 131
OSPF FRR configuration example ······················································································ 134
Troubleshooting OSPF configuration ·························································································· 136
No OSPF neighbor relationship established ·········································································· 136
Incorrect routing information ······························································································ 137
Configuring IS-IS ·········································································· 138
Overview ······························································································································ 138
Terminology ··················································································································· 138
IS-IS address format ········································································································ 138
NET······························································································································ 139
IS-IS area ······················································································································ 140
IS-IS network types ·········································································································· 141
IS-IS PDUs ···················································································································· 142
Protocols and standards ··································································································· 144
IS-IS configuration task list ······································································································· 144
Configuring basic IS-IS ············································································································ 145
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 145
Enabling IS-IS ················································································································ 145
Setting the IS level and circuit level ····················································································· 146
Configuring P2P network type for an interface ······································································· 146
Configuring IS-IS route control ·································································································· 147
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 147
Configuring IS-IS link cost ································································································· 147
Specifying a preference for IS-IS ························································································ 148
Configuring the maximum number of ECMP routes ································································· 149
Configuring IS-IS route summarization ················································································· 149
Advertising a default route ································································································· 149
Configuring IS-IS route redistribution ··················································································· 150
Configuring IS-IS route filtering ··························································································· 151
Configuring IS-IS route leaking ··························································································· 152
Advertising IS-IS link state information to BGP ······································································· 152
Tuning and optimizing IS-IS networks ························································································· 153
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 153
Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS hello packets ····························································· 153
Specifying the IS-IS hello multiplier ····················································································· 153
Specifying the interval for sending IS-IS CSNP packets ··························································· 154
Configuring a DIS priority for an interface ············································································· 154
Disabling an interface from sending/receiving IS-IS packets ····················································· 154
Enabling an interface to send small hello packets ··································································· 155
Configuring LSP parameters ······························································································ 155
Controlling SPF calculation interval ····················································································· 157
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Configuring convergence priorities for specific routes ······························································ 158
Setting the LSDB overload bit ···························································································· 158
Configuring the ATT bit ····································································································· 159
Configuring the tag value for an interface ·············································································· 159
Configuring system ID to host name mappings ······································································ 160
Enabling the logging of neighbor state changes ····································································· 161
Enabling IS-IS ISPF ········································································································· 161
Enabling prefix suppression ······························································································· 161
Configuring IS-IS network management ··············································································· 162
Configuring IS-IS PIC ······································································································· 162
Enhancing IS-IS network security ······························································································ 163
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 163
Configuring neighbor relationship authentication ···································································· 164
Configuring area authentication ·························································································· 164
Configuring routing domain authentication ············································································ 165
Configuring IS-IS GR ·············································································································· 165
Configuring IS-IS NSR ············································································································ 166
Configuring BFD for IS-IS ········································································································ 167
Configuring IS-IS FRR ············································································································ 167
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 168
Configuration guidelines ··································································································· 168
Configuration procedure ··································································································· 168
Displaying and maintaining IS-IS ······························································································· 170
IS-IS configuration examples ···································································································· 171
Basic IS-IS configuration example ······················································································· 171
DIS election configuration example ····················································································· 175
IS-IS route redistribution configuration example ····································································· 179
IS-IS authentication configuration example ··········································································· 183
IS-IS GR configuration example ························································································· 186
IS-IS NSR configuration example ························································································ 187
BFD for IS-IS configuration example ···················································································· 190
IS-IS FRR configuration example ························································································ 193
Configuring BGP ·········································································· 197
Overview ······························································································································ 197
BGP speaker and BGP peer ······························································································ 197
BGP message types ········································································································ 197
BGP path attributes ········································································································· 197
BGP route selection ········································································································· 201
BGP route advertisement rules ··························································································· 201
BGP load balancing ········································································································· 202
Settlements for problems in large-scale BGP networks ···························································· 203
MP-BGP ························································································································ 206
BGP multi-instance ·········································································································· 206
BGP configuration views ··································································································· 207
Protocols and standards ··································································································· 208
BGP configuration task list ······································································································· 208
Configuring basic BGP ············································································································ 211
Enabling BGP ················································································································· 211
Configuring a BGP peer ···································································································· 212
Configuring dynamic BGP peers ························································································· 214
Configuring a BGP peer group ··························································································· 217
Specifying the source address of TCP connections ································································· 227
Generating BGP routes ··········································································································· 229
Injecting a local network ···································································································· 229
Redistributing IGP routes ·································································································· 230
Controlling route distribution and reception ·················································································· 232
Configuring BGP route summarization ················································································· 232
Advertising optimal routes in the IP routing table ···································································· 234
Advertising a default route to a peer or peer group ································································· 235
Enabling prioritized advertisement of default-route withdrawal messages ···································· 237
Limiting routes received from a peer or peer group ································································· 238
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Configuring BGP route filtering policies ················································································ 239
Setting the BGP route sending rate ····················································································· 245
Configuring BGP route update delay ··················································································· 246
Configuring a startup policy for BGP route updates ································································· 246
Configuring BGP route dampening ······················································································ 247
Controlling BGP path selection ································································································· 248
Setting a preferred value for routes received ········································································· 248
Configuring preferences for BGP routes ··············································································· 249
Configuring the default local preference ··············································································· 251
Configuring the MED attribute ···························································································· 252
Configuring the NEXT_HOP attribute ··················································································· 256
Configuring the AS_PATH attribute ····················································································· 258
Ignoring IGP metrics during optimal route selection ································································ 264
Configuring the SoO attribute ····························································································· 264
Tuning and optimizing BGP networks ························································································· 265
Configuring the keepalive interval and hold time ····································································· 266
Setting the session retry timer ···························································································· 267
Configuring the interval for sending updates for the same route ················································· 268
Enabling BGP to establish an EBGP session over multiple hops ··············································· 269
Enabling immediate re-establishment of direct EBGP connections upon link failure ······················· 270
Enabling 4-byte AS number suppression ·············································································· 270
Enabling MD5 authentication for BGP peers ·········································································· 271
Enabling keychain authentication for BGP peers ···································································· 272
Configuring BGP load balancing ························································································· 273
Configuring the BGP Additional Paths feature ········································································ 275
Configuring IPsec for IPv6 BGP ·························································································· 276
Disabling BGP session establishment ·················································································· 277
Configuring GTSM for BGP ······························································································· 279
Configuring BGP soft-reset ································································································ 280
Protecting an EBGP peer when memory usage reaches level 2 threshold ··································· 285
Flushing the suboptimal BGP route to the RIB ······································································· 286
Setting a DSCP value for outgoing BGP packets ···································································· 286
Disabling route recursion policy control for routes received from a peer or peer group ···················· 287
Configuring a large-scale BGP network ······················································································ 287
Configuring BGP communities ··························································································· 287
Configuring BGP route reflection ························································································ 289
Configuring a BGP confederation ························································································ 292
Configuring BGP GR ·············································································································· 293
Configuring BGP NSR ············································································································· 294
Enabling SNMP notifications for BGP ························································································· 294
Enabling logging for session state changes ················································································· 295
Enabling logging for BGP route flapping ······················································································ 295
Configuring BFD for BGP ········································································································· 297
Configuring BGP FRR ············································································································· 298
Configuring BGP LS ··············································································································· 300
Configuring basic BGP LS ································································································· 301
Configuring BGP LS route reflection ···················································································· 301
Specifying an AS number and a router ID for BGP LS messages ··············································· 301
Configuring BMP···················································································································· 302
Displaying and maintaining BGP ······························································································· 302
Displaying BGP ··············································································································· 302
Resetting BGP sessions ··································································································· 306
Clearing BGP information ·································································································· 307
IPv4 BGP configuration examples ····························································································· 307
Basic BGP configuration example ······················································································· 307
BGP and IGP route redistribution configuration example ·························································· 312
BGP route summarization configuration example ··································································· 314
BGP load balancing configuration example ··········································································· 317
BGP Additional Paths configuration example ········································································· 320
BGP community configuration example ················································································ 323
BGP route reflector configuration example ············································································ 326
BGP confederation configuration example ············································································ 328
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BGP path selection configuration example ············································································ 332
BGP GR configuration example ·························································································· 335
BFD for BGP configuration example ···················································································· 337
BGP FRR configuration example ························································································ 340
Multicast BGP configuration example··················································································· 344
Dynamic BGP peer configuration example ············································································ 348
BGP LS configuration example ··························································································· 350
IPv6 BGP configuration examples ····························································································· 352
IPv6 BGP basic configuration example ················································································· 352
IPv6 BGP route reflector configuration example ····································································· 355
BFD for IPv6 BGP configuration example ············································································· 358
IPsec for IPv6 BGP packets configuration example ································································· 361
IPv6 BGP FRR configuration example ················································································· 366
IPv6 multicast BGP configuration example ············································································ 370
Troubleshooting BGP ·············································································································· 373
Symptom ······················································································································· 373
Analysis ························································································································ 373
Solution ························································································································· 373
Configuring PBR ·········································································· 375
Overview ······························································································································ 375
Policy ···························································································································· 375
PBR and Track ··············································································································· 376
Restrictions and guidelines: PBR configuration ············································································· 376
PBR configuration task list ······································································································· 376
Configuring a policy ················································································································ 377
Creating a node ·············································································································· 377
Setting match criteria for a node ························································································· 377
Configuring actions for a node ···························································································· 378
Specifying a policy for PBR ······································································································ 379
Specifying a policy for local PBR ························································································ 379
Specifying a policy for interface PBR ··················································································· 379
Specifying a policy for outbound PBR on a VXLAN tunnel interface ············································ 379
Displaying and maintaining PBR ······························································································· 380
PBR configuration examples ···································································································· 380
Packet type-based local PBR configuration example ······························································· 380
Packet type-based interface PBR configuration example ························································· 382
VXLAN ID-based outbound PBR configuration example ·························································· 383
Configuring IPv6 static routing ························································ 387
Configuring an IPv6 static route ································································································ 387
Configuring BFD for IPv6 static routes ························································································ 387
Bidirectional control mode ································································································· 388
Single-hop echo mode ······································································································ 388
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 static routes ··············································································· 389
IPv6 static routing configuration examples ··················································································· 389
Basic IPv6 static route configuration example ········································································ 389
BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (direct next hop) ············································· 391
BFD for IPv6 static routes configuration example (indirect next hop) ··········································· 394
Configuring an IPv6 default route ····················································· 397
Configuring RIPng ········································································ 398
Overview ······························································································································ 398
RIPng route entries ·········································································································· 398
RIPng packets ················································································································ 398
Protocols and standards ··································································································· 399
RIPng configuration task list ····································································································· 399
Configuring basic RIPng ·········································································································· 399
Configuring RIPng route control ································································································ 400
Configuring an additional routing metric················································································ 400
Configuring RIPng route summarization ··············································································· 400
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Advertising a default route ································································································· 401
Configuring received/redistributed route filtering ····································································· 401
Setting a preference for RIPng ··························································································· 401
Configuring RIPng route redistribution·················································································· 402
Tuning and optimizing the RIPng network ··················································································· 402
Setting RIPng timers ········································································································ 402
Configuring split horizon and poison reverse ········································································· 403
Configuring zero field check on RIPng packets ······································································ 403
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes ······································································· 404
Configuring the RIPng packet sending rate ··········································································· 404
Setting the interval for sending triggered updates ··································································· 405
Configuring RIPng GR ············································································································ 405
Configuring RIPng NSR ··········································································································· 406
Configuring RIPng FRR ··········································································································· 406
Configuration restrictions and guidelines ·············································································· 407
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 407
Configuring RIPng FRR ···································································································· 407
Enabling BFD for RIPng FRR ····························································································· 407
Applying an IPsec profile ········································································································· 408
Displaying and maintaining RIPng ····························································································· 408
RIPng configuration examples ·································································································· 409
Basic RIPng configuration example ····················································································· 409
RIPng route redistribution configuration example ···································································· 411
RIPng GR configuration example ························································································ 414
RIPng NSR configuration example ······················································································ 415
Configuring RIPng FRR ···································································································· 417
RIPng IPsec profile configuration example ············································································ 419
Configuring OSPFv3 ····································································· 422
Overview ······························································································································ 422
OSPFv3 packets ············································································································· 422
OSPFv3 LSA types ·········································································································· 422
Protocols and standards ··································································································· 423
OSPFv3 configuration task list ·································································································· 423
Enabling OSPFv3 ·················································································································· 424
Configuring OSPFv3 area parameters ························································································ 425
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 425
Configuring a stub area ···································································································· 425
Configuring an NSSA area ································································································ 425
Configuring an OSPFv3 virtual link ······················································································ 426
Configuring OSPFv3 network types ··························································································· 426
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 427
Configuring the OSPFv3 network type for an interface ····························································· 427
Configuring an NBMA or P2MP neighbor ·············································································· 427
Configuring OSPFv3 route control ····························································································· 427
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 427
Configuring OSPFv3 route summarization ············································································ 428
Configuring OSPFv3 received route filtering ·········································································· 428
Configuring Inter-Area-Prefix LSA filtering ············································································· 429
Setting an OSPFv3 cost for an interface ··············································································· 429
Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 ECMP routes ·························································· 430
Setting a preference for OSPFv3 ························································································ 430
Configuring OSPFv3 route redistribution··············································································· 430
Tuning and optimizing OSPFv3 networks ···················································································· 432
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 432
Setting OSPFv3 timers ····································································································· 432
Setting LSA transmission delay ·························································································· 432
Setting SPF calculation interval ·························································································· 433
Setting the LSA generation interval ····················································································· 433
Setting a DR priority for an interface ···················································································· 434
Ignoring MTU check for DD packets ···················································································· 434
Disabling interfaces from receiving and sending OSPFv3 packets ············································· 434
ix
Enabling logging for neighbor state changes ········································································· 435
Configuring OSPFv3 network management ··········································································· 435
Setting the LSU transmit rate ····························································································· 436
Configuring stub routers ···································································································· 436
Configuring prefix suppression ··························································································· 437
Setting the maximum number of OSPFv3 logs ······································································· 438
Configuring OSPFv3 authentication ····················································································· 438
Configuring OSPFv3 GR ········································································································· 439
Configuring GR restarter ··································································································· 439
Configuring GR helper ······································································································ 439
Triggering OSPFv3 GR ····································································································· 440
Configuring OSPFv3 NSR ········································································································ 440
Configuring BFD for OSPFv3 ···································································································· 441
Configuring OSPFv3 FRR ········································································································ 441
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 442
Configuration guidelines ··································································································· 442
Configuration procedure ··································································································· 442
Applying an IPsec profile ········································································································· 443
Displaying and maintaining OSPFv3 ·························································································· 444
OSPFv3 configuration examples ······························································································· 445
OSPFv3 stub area configuration example ············································································· 445
OSPFv3 NSSA area configuration example ·········································································· 450
OSPFv3 DR election configuration example ·········································································· 453
OSPFv3 route redistribution configuration example ································································· 456
OSPFv3 route summarization configuration example ······························································ 459
OSPFv3 GR configuration example ····················································································· 463
OSPFv3 NSR configuration example ··················································································· 464
BFD for OSPFv3 configuration example ··············································································· 465
OSPFv3 FRR configuration example ··················································································· 468
OSPFv3 IPsec profile configuration example ········································································· 470
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS ··································································· 475
Overview ······························································································································ 475
Configuring basic IPv6 IS-IS ····································································································· 475
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS route control ··························································································· 476
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS link cost ·························································································· 477
Tuning and optimizing IPv6 IS-IS networks ·················································································· 478
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 478
Assigning a convergence priority to IPv6 IS-IS routes ······························································ 478
Setting the LSDB overload bit ···························································································· 479
Configuring a tag value on an interface ················································································ 479
Controlling SPF calculation interval ····················································································· 479
Enabling IPv6 IS-IS ISPF ·································································································· 480
Enabling prefix suppression ······························································································· 480
Configuring BFD for IPv6 IS-IS ································································································· 480
Configuring IPv6 IS-IS FRR ······································································································ 481
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 481
Configuration procedure ··································································································· 482
Enabling IPv6 IS-IS MTR ········································································································· 483
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 IS-IS ························································································ 484
IPv6 IS-IS configuration examples ····························································································· 485
IPv6 IS-IS basic configuration example ················································································ 485
BFD for IPv6 IS-IS configuration example ············································································· 489
IPv6 IS-IS FRR configuration example ················································································· 492
Configuring IPv6 PBR ··································································· 495
Overview ······························································································································ 495
Policy ···························································································································· 495
IPv6 PBR and Track ········································································································ 496
Restrictions and guidelines: IPv6 PBR configuration ······································································ 496
IPv6 PBR configuration task list ································································································ 496
Configuring an IPv6 policy ······································································································· 497
x
Creating an IPv6 node ······································································································ 497
Setting match criteria for an IPv6 node ················································································· 497
Configuring actions for an IPv6 node ··················································································· 497
Configuring IPv6 PBR ············································································································· 498
Configuring IPv6 local PBR ······························································································· 498
Configuring IPv6 interface PBR ·························································································· 498
Displaying and maintaining IPv6 PBR ························································································· 499
IPv6 PBR configuration examples ······························································································ 499
Packet type-based IPv6 local PBR configuration example ························································ 499
Packet type-based IPv6 interface PBR configuration example ··················································· 500
Configuring routing policies ···························································· 503
Overview ······························································································································ 503
Filters ··························································································································· 503
Routing policy ················································································································· 503
Configuring filters ··················································································································· 504
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 504
Configuring an IP prefix list ································································································ 504
Configuring an AS path list ································································································ 505
Configuring a community list ······························································································ 505
Configuring an extended community list ··············································································· 505
Configuring a routing policy ······································································································ 506
Configuration prerequisites ································································································ 506
Creating a routing policy ··································································································· 506
Configuring if-match clauses ······························································································ 506
Configuring apply clauses ································································································· 508
Configuring the continue clause ·························································································· 510
Displaying and maintaining the routing policy ··············································································· 510
Routing policy configuration examples ························································································ 511
Routing policy configuration example for IPv4 route redistribution ·············································· 511
Routing policy configuration example for IPv6 route redistribution ·············································· 513
Document conventions and icons ···················································· 516
Conventions ························································································································· 516
Network topology icons ··········································································································· 517
Support and other resources ·························································· 518
Accessing Hewlett Packard Enterprise Support ············································································ 518
Accessing updates ················································································································· 518
Websites ······················································································································· 519
Customer self repair ········································································································· 519
Remote support ·············································································································· 519
Documentation feedback ·································································································· 519
Index ························································································· 521
1
Configuring basic IP routing
IP routing directs IP packet forwarding on routers based on a routing table. This chapter focuses on
unicast routing protocols. For more information about multicast routing protocols, see IP Multicast
Configuration Guide.
Routing table
A RIB contains the global routing information and related information, including route recursion, route
redistribution, and route extension information. The router selects optimal routes from the routing
table and puts them into the FIB table. It uses the FIB table to forward packets. For more information
about the FIB table, see Layer 3—IP Services Configuration Guide.
Table 1 categorizes routes by different criteria.
Table 1 Route categories
Criterion Categories
Destination
• Network route—The destination is a network. The subnet mask is less than 32
bits.
• Host route—The destination is a host. The subnet mask is 32 bits.
Whether the
destination is directly
connected
• Direct route—The destination is directly connected.
• Indirect route—The destination is indirectly connected.
Origin
• Direct route—A direct route is discovered by the data link protocol on an
interface, and is also called an interface route.
• Static route—A static route is manually configured by an administrator.
• Dynamic route—A dynamic route is dynamically discovered by a routing
protocol.
To view brief information about a routing table, use the display ip routing-table command.
<Sysname> display ip routing-table
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
...
A route entry includes the following key items:
• Destination—IP address of the destination host or network.
• Mask—Mask length of the IP address.
• Proto—Protocol that installed the route.
• Pre—Preference of the route. Among routes to the same destination, the route with the highest
preference is optimal.
2
• Cost—If multiple routes to a destination have the same preference, the one with the smallest
cost is the optimal route.
• NextHop—Next hop.
• Interface—Output interface.
Dynamic routing protocols
Static routes work well in small, stable networks. They are easy to configure and require fewer
system resources. However, in networks where topology changes occur frequently, a typical practice
is to configure a dynamic routing protocol. Compared with static routing, a dynamic routing protocol
is complicated to configure, requires more router resources, and consumes more network resources.
Dynamic routing protocols dynamically collect and report reachability information to adapt to
topology changes. They are suitable for large networks.
Dynamic routing protocols can be classified by different criteria, as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Categories of dynamic routing protocols
Criterion Categories
Operation scope
• IGPs—Work within an AS. Examples include RIP, OSPF, and IS-IS.
• EGPs—Work between ASs. The most popular EGP is BGP.
Routing algorithm
• Distance-vector protocols—Examples include RIP and BGP. BGP is also
considered a path-vector protocol.
• Link-state protocols—Examples include OSPF and IS-IS.
Destination address
type
• Unicast routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.
• Multicast routing protocols—Examples include PIM-SM and PIM-DM.
IP version
• IPv4 routing protocols—Examples include RIP, OSPF, BGP, and IS-IS.
• IPv6 routing protocols—Examples include RIPng, OSPFv3, IPv6 BGP, and
IPv6 IS-IS.
An AS refers to a group of routers that use the same routing policy and work under the same
administration.
Route preference
Routing protocols, including static and direct routing, each by default have a preference. If they find
multiple routes to the same destination, the router selects the route with the highest preference as
the optimal route.
The preference of a direct route is always 0 and cannot be changed. You can configure a preference
for each static route and each dynamic routing protocol. The following table lists the route types and
default preferences. The smaller the value, the higher the preference.
Table 3 Route types and default route preferences
Route type Preference
Direct route 0
Multicast static route 1
OSPF 10
IS-IS 15
3
Route type Preference
Unicast static route 60
RIP 100
OSPF ASE 150
OSPF NSSA 150
IBGP 255
EBGP 255
Unknown (route from an untrusted source) 256
Load sharing
A routing protocol might find multiple optimal equal-cost routes to the same destination. You can use
these routes to implement equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) load sharing.
Static routing, IPv6 static routing, RIP, RIPng, OSPF, OSPFv3, BGP, IPv6 BGP, IS-IS, and IPv6 IS-IS
support ECMP load sharing.
Route backup
Route backup can improve network availability. Among multiple routes to the same destination, the
route with the highest priority is the primary route and others are secondary routes.
The router forwards matching packets through the primary route. When the primary route fails, the
route with the highest preference among the secondary routes is selected to forward packets. When
the primary route recovers, the router uses it to forward packets.
Route recursion
To use a BGP, static, or RIP route that has an indirectly connected next hop, a router must perform
route recursion to find the output interface to reach the next hop.
Link-state routing protocols, such as OSPF and IS-IS, do not need route recursion, because they
obtain directly connected next hops through route calculation.
The RIB records and saves route recursion information, including brief information about related
routes, recursive paths, and recursion depth.
Route redistribution
Route redistribution enables routing protocols to learn routing information from each other. A
dynamic routing protocol can redistribute routes from other routing protocols, including direct and
static routing. For more information, see the respective chapters on those routing protocols in this
configuration guide.
The RIB records redistribution relationships of routing protocols.
4
Extension attribute redistribution
Extension attribute redistribution enables routing protocols to learn route extension attributes from
each other, including BGP extended community attributes, OSPF area IDs, route types, and router
IDs.
The RIB records extended attributes of each routing protocol and redistribution relationships of
different routing protocol extended attributes.
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB
Perform this task to prevent routes of a certain protocol from being aged out due to slow protocol
convergence resulting from a large number of route entries or long GR period.
The configuration takes effect at the next protocol or RIB process switchover.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv4):
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv4 routes and labels in the
RIB.
protocol protocol [ instance
instance-name ] lifetime seconds
By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB is 480 seconds.
To set the maximum route lifetime for routes and labels in the RIB (IPv6):
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv6 routes and labels in the
RIB.
protocol protocol [ instance
instance-name ] lifetime seconds
By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes and labels
in the RIB is 480 seconds.
Setting the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB
When GR or NSR is disabled, FIB entries must be retained for some time after a protocol process
switchover or RIB process switchover. When GR or NSR is enabled, FIB entries must be removed
immediately after a protocol or RIB process switchover to avoid routing issues. Perform this task to
meet such requirements.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv4):
5
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv4 routes in the FIB. fib lifetime seconds By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes in the FIB
is 600 seconds.
To set the maximum lifetime for routes in the FIB (IPv6):
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Set the maximum lifetime for
IPv6 routes in the FIB. fib lifetime seconds By default, the maximum
lifetime for routes in the FIB
is 600 seconds.
Enabling the RIB to flush route attribute
information to the FIB
This feature is available only for BGP routes in the current software version. You can configure this
feature when using sFlow to monitor BGP traffic. For more information about BGP path attributes
and sFlow, see Layer 3
—
IP Routing Configuration Guide and Network Management and Monitoring
Configuration Guide.
To enable RIB to flush route attribute information to the FIB:
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable the RIB to flush route
attribute information to the
FIB. flush route-attribute protocol By default, the RIB does not
flush route attribute
information to the FIB.
Setting the maximum number of ECMP routes
This configuration takes effect at reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network.
To set the maximum number of ECMP routes:
6
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Set the maximum number of
ECMP routes. max-ecmp-num number By default, the maximum
number of ECMP routes is 8.
Configuring the ECMP mode
This configuration takes effect at reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network.
Enabling the enhanced ECMP mode
About the enhanced ECMP mode
When one or multiple ECMP routes fail, the default ECMP mode enables the device to reallocate all
traffic to the remaining routes.
The enhanced ECMP mode enables the device to reallocate only the traffic of the failed routes to the
remaining routes, which ensures forwarding continuity.
Procedure
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enable the enhanced ECMP
mode. ecmp mode enhanced By default, the enhanced
ECMP mode is disabled.
Enabling the compressed ECMP mode
About the compressed ECMP mode
An ECMP route group contains ECMP routes to the same destination. When the hardware resources
used by all ECMP route groups on the device reach the upper limit, no more ECMP route groups can
be created.
This feature enables the device to compress the hardware resources of all ECMP route groups to
save storage space for more ECMP route groups.
Procedure
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enable the compressed
ECMP mode. ecmp mode compressed By default, the compressed
ECMP mode is disabled.
Configuring RIB NSR
IMPORTANT:
Use this feature with protocol GR or NSR to avoid route timeouts and traffic interruption.
7
When an active/standby switchover occurs, nonstop routing (NSR) backs up routing information
from the active process to the standby process to avoid routing flapping and ensure forwarding
continuity.
RIB NSR provides faster route convergence than protocol NSR during an active/standby switchover.
Configuring IPv4 RIB NSR
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv4 RIB NSR. non-stop-routing By default, RIB NSR is
disabled.
Configuring IPv6 RIB NSR
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv6 RIB NSR. non-stop-routing By default, RIB NSR is
disabled.
Configuring inter-protocol FRR
CAUTION:
This feature uses the next hop of a route from a different protocol as the backup next hop for the
faulty route, which might cause loops.
Inter-protocol fast reroute (FRR) enables fast rerouting between routes of different protocols. A
backup next hop is automatically selected to reduce the service interruption time caused by
unreachable next hops. When the next hop of the primary link fails, the traffic is redirected to the
backup next hop.
Among the routes to the same destination in the RIB, a router adds the route with the highest
preference to the FIB table. For example, if a static route and an OSPF route in the RIB have the
same destination, the router adds the OSPF route to the FIB table by default. The next hop of the
static route is selected as the backup next hop for the OSPF route. When the next hop of the OSPF
route is unreachable, the backup next hop is used.
Configuring IPv4 RIB inter-protocol FRR
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
8
Step Command Remarks
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv4 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv4 By default, no RIB IPv4
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv4 RIB
inter-protocol FRR. inter-protocol fast-reroute
[ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
By default, inter-protocol
FRR is disabled.
If you do not specify a VPN
instance, inter-protocol FRR
is enabled for the public
network.
Configuring IPv6 RIB inter-protocol FRR
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enter RIB view. rib N/A
3. Create the RIB IPv6 address
family and enter its view. address-family ipv6 By default, no RIB IPv6
address family exists.
4. Enable IPv6 RIB
inter-protocol FRR. inter-protocol fast-reroute
[ vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ]
By default, inter-protocol
FRR is disabled.
If you do not specify a VPN
instance, inter-protocol FRR
is enabled for the public
network.
Enabling support for IPv6 routes with prefixes
longer than 64 bits
This feature takes effect at next reboot. Make sure the reboot does not impact your network.
To enable support for IPv6 routes with prefixes longer than 64 bits:
Step Command Remarks
1. Enter system view. system-view N/A
2. Enable support for IPv6
routes with prefixes longer
than 64 bits.
hardware-resource
routing-mode { ipv6-64 |
ipv6-128 }
By default, the device does not
support IPv6 routes with prefixes
longer than 64 bits.
Configuring routing policy-based recursive lookup
When a route changes, the routing protocol has to perform a route recursion if the next hop is
indirectly connected. The routing protocol might select an incorrect path, which can cause traffic loss.
To prevent this problem, you can use a routing policy to verify the recursive route. If the recursive
route fails to match the routing policy, the routing protocol invalidates the route and marks it as
unreachable.
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Aruba Layer 3—IP Routing Configuration Guide
- Category
- Networking
- Type
- Configuration Guide
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