Vaisala WAC155 User manual

M210822EN-E

User Guide

Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter

WAC155

PUBLISHED BY

Vaisala Oyj

Vanha Nurmijärventie 21, FI-01670 Vantaa, Finland

P.O. Box 26, FI-00421 Helsinki, Finland

+358 9 8949 1

Visit our Internet pages at www.vaisala.com.

No part of this document may be

reproduced, published or publicly

displayed in any form or by any means,

electronic or mechanical (including

photocopying), nor may its contents be

modiﬁed, translated, adapted, sold or

disclosed to a third party without prior

written permission of the copyright holder.

Translated documents and translated

portions of multilingual documents are

based on the original English versions. In

ambiguous cases, the English versions are

applicable, not the translations.

The contents of this document are subject

to change without prior notice.

Local rules and regulations may vary and

they shall take precedence over the

information contained in this document.

Vaisala makes no representations on this

document’s compliance with the local

rules and regulations applicable at any

given time, and hereby disclaims any and

all responsibilities related thereto.

This document does not create any legally

binding obligations for Vaisala towards

customers or end users. All legally binding

obligations and agreements are included

exclusively in the applicable supply

contract or the General Conditions of Sale

and General Conditions of Service of

Vaisala.

Table of contents

1. About This Document................................................................................... 5

1.1 Version Information.......................................................................................... 5

1.2 Related Manuals................................................................................................5

1.3 Documentation Conventions...........................................................................5

2. Product Overview........................................................................................... 7

2.1 Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155....................................................... 7

2.2 Safety..................................................................................................................7

2.2.1 ESD Protection...........................................................................................8

2.3 Regulatory Compliances..................................................................................8

3. Installation..........................................................................................................9

3.1 Selecting Location............................................................................................ 9

3.2 Installing Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155.....................................12

3.3 Service Connector and Jumper Settings......................................................13

3.4 Connections..................................................................................................... 14

3.4.1 Cable Connections................................................................................... 16

3.4.2 Signal Output............................................................................................17

3.5 Powering...........................................................................................................18

3.5.1 Optional Heating Power.......................................................................... 18

3.6 Wiring................................................................................................................21

3.6.1 Wiring WAA151 and WAV151 with WAC155............................................21

3.6.2 Wiring WAA252 and WAV252 with WAC155....................................... 23

3.7 Conﬁguration.................................................................................................. 26

3.7.1 Conﬁguring WAC155 for WA25............................................................. 26

3.8 Mounting WAC155 on Top of Pole Mast....................................................... 27

3.8.1 Alignment.................................................................................................27

3.9 Mounting Wind Sensors to Cross Arm.........................................................28

3.9.1 Veriﬁcation...............................................................................................29

4. Operation.........................................................................................................30

4.1 User Interface................................................................................................. 30

4.2 Communication Interfaces............................................................................30

4.2.1 MWV Message Format.............................................................................31

4.2.2 Polling Data with MWV Query................................................................31

4.2.3 Service Connection................................................................................. 33

4.3 Conﬁguration Commands............................................................................. 33

4.3.1 OPEN.........................................................................................................35

4.3.2 CLOSE....................................................................................................... 35

4.3.3 SETDEV.................................................................................................... 36

4.3.4 SETSPD.....................................................................................................36

4.3.5 SETDIR......................................................................................................36

4.3.6 SETMES.....................................................................................................37

4.3.7 SETMEA.................................................................................................... 38

4.3.8 SETCOM....................................................................................................39

4.3.9 SETHEA....................................................................................................40

Table of contents

1

4.3.10 GETHEA.....................................................................................................41

4.3.11 SETALR......................................................................................................41

4.3.12 SERVICE TIMEOUT..................................................................................43

4.3.13 GETSET.....................................................................................................43

4.3.14 HELP......................................................................................................... 45

4.3.15 INIE............................................................................................................45

4.3.16 RESET....................................................................................................... 45

4.3.17 ERRS.........................................................................................................46

5. Maintenance....................................................................................................47

5.1 Periodic Maintenance.....................................................................................47

5.2 Replacing Consumables................................................................................ 47

6. Troubleshooting............................................................................................48

6.1 Problem Situations.........................................................................................48

6.2 Error Messages............................................................................................... 49

7. Technical Data............................................................................................... 50

7.1 WAC155 Speciﬁcations.................................................................................. 50

Warranty and Product Returns.................................................................... 53

Technical Support............................................................................................53

Recycling........................................................................................................... 53

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

2

List of ﬁgures

Figure 1 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area............................................10

Figure 2 Recommended Mast Length on Top of Building.......................................11

Figure 3 X5 Service Connector and Jumper Settings..............................................13

Figure 4 WAC155 Component Board........................................................................... 14

Figure 5 Braided Cable Shield........................................................................................14

Figure 6 I/O Connectors.................................................................................................. 15

Figure 7 Sensor Wiring.....................................................................................................17

Figure 8 Typical WAC155 System.................................................................................. 18

Figure 9 Heating Power Connection with 40 V Power Supply.............................19

Figure 10 Heating Power Connection with 20 V Power Supply............................ 20

Figure 11 Heating Power Connection for Anemometer Only................................ 20

Figure 12 Heating Power Connection for Wind Vane Only......................................21

Figure 13 Wiring WAA151 and WAV151 with WAC155............................................... 22

Figure 14 Wiring WAA15 Sensors with Mains Power Supply WHP151..................23

Figure 15 Wiring WA25 Series Wind Sensors without External

Operating Voltage........................................................................................... 24

Figure 16 Wiring for WA25 Series Wind Sensors with Low-current

Backup Power Connection............................................................................ 25

Figure 17 Mounting WAC155 on Top of Pole Mast .................................................... 27

Figure 18 Installing Wind Sensors WAA151 and WAV151 to WAC155....................28

Figure 19 WAC155 Dimensions........................................................................................52

List of ﬁgures

3

List of tables

Table 1 Document Versions..............................................................................................5

Table 2 Related Manuals....................................................................................................5

Table 3 Anemometer Connector (X1) Pinout............................................................. 15

Table 4 Power/Control Connector (X2) Pinout..........................................................15

Table 5 Wind Direction Sensor Connector (X3) Pinout.......................................... 16

Table 6 WAC155 Default Serial Communication Settings......................................30

Table 7 Checksum.............................................................................................................32

Table 8 Conﬁguration Commands................................................................................33

Table 9 Deﬁnitions for Command Line Elements.....................................................34

Table 10 Problem Situations and Their Remedies..................................................... 48

Table 11 Error Codes..........................................................................................................49

Table 12 Measurement Performance.............................................................................50

Table 13 Inputs and Outputs........................................................................................... 50

Table 14 Operating Environment.....................................................................................51

Table 15 Mechanical Speciﬁcations.................................................................................51

Table 16 WAC155 Spare Parts..........................................................................................52

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

4

1. About This Document

1.1 Version Information

Table 1 Document Versions

Document Code Date Description

M210822EN-E February 2020 Updated WAA252 and WAV252 wiring ﬁgures.

M210822EN-D November 2018 Updated spare part descriptions of ZZ45037

and ZZ45037SPEC.

M210822EN-C August 2018 Updated installation instructions.

M210822EN-B July 2012 Previous version.

1.2 Related Manuals

Table 2 Related Manuals

Document Code Name

M210293EN Vaisala Anemometer WAA151 User Guide

M210294EN Vaisala Wind Vane WAV151 User Guide

1.3 Documentation Conventions

Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and

follow instructions carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even death.

WARNING!

Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and

follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be damaged or

important data could be lost.

CAUTION!

Note highlights important information on using the product.

Chapter 1 – About This Document

5

Tip gives information for using the product more eciently.

Lists tools needed to perform the task.

Indicates that you need to take some notes during the task.

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

6

2. Product Overview

2.1 Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155

1 Flange for mounting Vaisala Anemometer

2 Cross arm

3 Junction box containing the component board

4 Flange for mounting Vaisala Wind Vane

WAC155 converts the digital data that is supplied by Vaisala WA15 series wind sensors into

standard serial line messages. The transmitter consists of a component board in a junction box

and a cross arm for mounting the wind sensors.

WAC155 communicates with the system through a 2-wire RS-485 cable. The standard electrical

and mechanical sensor connections are for WA15 wind set anemometers and wind vanes.

WAC155 also provides electrical input for Thies anemometer (4.3351.00.000) and analog vane

(4.3150.00.141). However, these sensors are not directly mountable to the sensor cross arm.

The system supplies power to the wind sensors through the transmitter. The input operating

voltage is 9 ... 31.5 VDC. The transmitter also provides the sensors with a throughput for

heating power. The unit automatically connects the heating power in temperatures below

+4 °C (+39 °F).

The main features of WAC155 are:

• Communication with NMEA 0183 -compliant protocol over RS-485 serial bus with

conﬁgurable ID, baud rate, and turnaround delay

• Measurement of the wind parameters using the instant method according to WMO

recommendations

• Computing of wind data average values with adjustable averaging time

• Service connection for conﬁguration and maintenance

• Heating control of sensors with adjustable temperature limits

2.2

Safety

This product has been type-tested for safety. Note the following precautions:

Chapter 2 – Product Overview

7

Only licensed experts may install electrical components. They

must adhere to local and state legislation and regulations.

WARNING!

Ground the product and verify outdoor installation grounding

periodically. Failure to provide proper grounding can result in injury or death

from electrical shock and can severely damage the equipment.

WARNING!

Improper modiﬁcation can damage the product or lead to

malfunction. Any modiﬁcation voids your warranty.

CAUTION!

2.2.1 ESD Protection

Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can damage electronic circuits. Vaisala products are adequately

protected against ESD for their intended use. However, it is possible to damage the product by

delivering electrostatic discharges when touching, removing, or inserting any objects in the

equipment housing.

To avoid delivering high static voltages to the product:

• Handle ESD-sensitive components on a properly grounded and protected ESD workbench

or by grounding yourself to the equipment chassis with a wrist strap and a resistive

connection cord.

• If you are unable to take either precaution, touch a conductive part of the equipment

chassis with your other hand before touching ESD-sensitive components.

• Hold component boards by the edges and avoid touching component contacts.

2.3

Regulatory Compliances

This product complies with the following performance and environmental test standards:

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

8

3. Installation

3.1 Selecting Location

Finding a suitable site for the product is important for getting representative ambient

measurements. Make sure that the site represents the general area of interest.

Allow sucient clearance for the wind sensors. Do not install wind sensors next to

a building or any other object that can aect the ﬂow of air.

Installations on top of high buildings or masts and in sites on open

grounds are vulnerable to lightning strikes. A nearby lightning strike may induce

a high-voltage surge not tolerable by the internal surge suppressors of the

instrument. Additional protection is needed in regions with frequent, severe

thunderstorms, especially when long line cables (>30 m (98 ft)) are used.

Vaisala recommends using a surge protector, such as WSP150, in all sites with an

elevated risk of a lightning strike.

CAUTION!

Chapter 3 – Installation

9

Figure 1 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area

Any object of height (h) does not remarkably disturb wind measurement at a minimum

distance of 10 × h. There must be at least 150 m (500 ft) open area in all directions from the

mast. Minimum distance between the mast and obstacles is ten times the height of an

obstacle.

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

10

Figure 2 Recommended Mast Length on Top of Building

The recommended minimum length (h) for the mast that is installed on the top of a building is

1.5 times the height of the building (H). When the diagonal (W) is less than the height (H) the

minimum length of the mast is 1.5 × W.

Chapter 3 – Installation

11

3.2 Installing Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter

WAC155

1. Remove the four screws holding the cover of the transmitter and remove the cover.

1 Flange for mounting Vaisala Anemometer

2 Flange for mounting Vaisala Wind Vane

3 Transmitter, contains the component board

4 Sensor cable gland

5 Cross arm

2. Select the RS-485 termination.

See Service Connector and Jumper Settings (page 13).

If the data line is shorter than 500 m (547 yd) or if the data rate is slower

than 9600 baud, the RS-485 terminator is not normally needed.

3. For marine applications, remove the grounding screw.

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

12

4. Enter the power and signal cables through the cable glands. For better protection against

RF interference, ground the cable shield.

See Connections (page 14).

5. Connect the wires to the X2 removable screw terminal block. Tighten the output cable

glands.

See Cable Connections (page 16).

6. Reattach the cover with the four screws.

7. Attach the unit on the top of a pole mast with the mounting clamp.

See Mounting WAC155 on Top of Pole Mast (page 27).

8. Mount the sensors to the cross arm.

See Mounting Wind Sensors to Cross Arm (page 28) and the sensor manuals.

9. Before erecting the mast, align the cross arm.

See Alignment (page 27).

In tower installations you may have to mount and align the sensors on existing

structures.

If you have the component board PCB210450B, the maximum

operating voltage is 15.5 V instead of 31.5 V.

CAUTION!

3.3 Service Connector and Jumper Settings

You can conﬁgure and maintain the unit through:

• RS-485 line on terminals X2/7-8

• Service connector X5

If RS-485 is not available, you can use X5. X5 is a 6-terminal pin header with pin 2 removed for

polarization. It can be used as a service connector and as a jumper terminal.

Figure 3 X5 Service Connector and Jumper Settings

Chapter 3 – Installation

13

The following ﬁgure shows the location of X5.

Figure 4 WAC155 Component Board

1 Service connector X5

2 Status indicator LED

3 Grounding screw

In marine applications, you must remove the grounding screw.

3.4 Connections

WAC155 provides the line cable entry through a gland for a cable with a diameter from 7 to 10

mm. For better protection against RF interference, bend the cable shield.

Figure 5 Braided Cable Shield

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

14

WAC155 has 3 plug-in I/O connectors: X1, X2, and X3. The terminals accept wires with

maximum cross-section area of 1.5 mm

2

.

Figure 6 I/O Connectors

For the location of the connectors and the cable routing through the cable glands, see Sensor

Wiring.

The following tables show the I/O connector pinouts.

Table 3 Anemometer Connector (X1) Pinout

Pin Number Signal Description

1 F Frequency input from sensor

2 F+ Supply voltage output to sensor

3 GND Sensor ground

4 HT1 Heating supply through control switch from X2

5 HTC Heating common for heater serial connection

Table 4 Power/Control Connector (X2) Pinout

Pin Number Signal Description

1 HT1+ Heating supply input (+)

2 HT2- Heating supply input (-)

3 Vin+ Supply voltage input

4 Vin+ Supply voltage input

5 Vin- Supply voltage ground

6 Vin- Supply voltage ground

7 SD1- RS-485 inverting I/O

Chapter 3 – Installation

15

Pin Number Signal Description

8 SD1+ RS-485 non-inverting I/O

Table 5 Wind Direction Sensor Connector (X3) Pinout

Pin Number Signal Description

1 HTC Heating common for heater serial connection

2 HT2 Heating supply return to connector X2

3 GND Sensor ground

4 D+ Supply voltage output to sensor

5 G5 Gray code input from sensor, bit 5

6 G4 Gray code input from sensor, bit 4

7 G3 Gray code input from sensor, bit 3

8 G2 Gray code input from sensor, bit 2

9 G1 Gray code input from sensor, bit 1

10 G0 Gray code input from sensor, bit 0

11 AIP+ Reserved for analog vane

3.4.1 Cable Connections

The transmitter connects the wind sensors with the cross arm standard cables through 2 cable

glands. Through the cables, the WAC155 transmitter both feeds the sensor power and receives

wind data. Plug‑in type screw terminal connectors are provided both for the sensor cables and

the output line cable.

The following ﬁgure shows the standard cable connections with sensor heating elements

connected in series.

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

16

Figure 7 Sensor Wiring

1 Anemometer cable ZZ45036

2 Spare gland (for chaining the power and signal wires)

3 Gland for power and signal cables

4 Wind vane cable ZZ45037

3.4.2 Signal Output

The serial wind transmitter WAC155 provides a 2-wire half-duplex RS-485 serial bus for data

interchange. Wind data is provided in standard NMEA 0183 messages. A service connection is

available for conﬁguration and status information.

Several transmitters can share the same RS-485 bus. If there are several transmitters in the

same bus, auto-transmission cannot be enabled, and data must be polled from one sensor at a

time using NMEA query. If you use only one transmitter, you can conﬁgure it to automatically

transmit data at selectable intervals.

Each device in the bus has a unique, conﬁgurable ID, containing 1 to 5 characters. Alphabetical

characters a - z, A - Z (case-sensitive), and numbers 0 - 9 are accepted.

Typically, only a 4-wire shielded cable is required for the line between WAC155 and the host.

Two of the four wires provide the operating power for the system. The other two wires are for

the RS-485 serial line. Vaisala recommends twisted pair wires for both the power line and the

data line.

Chapter 3 – Installation

17

The recommended maximum length of the RS-485 line is 1200 m (4000 ft). In practice, the

achievable line length is aected by the electrical noise and the number of transmitters in the

bus. Very long lines may also gather overvoltage transients and surge currents caused by

nearby lightning strikes.

WAC155 has on-board surge protection on the RS-485 line, accomplished with discharge tubes

and transient zener diodes.

Figure 8 Typical WAC155 System

3.5

Powering

The serial wind transmitter WAC155 transmitter accepts 9 ... 31.5 VDC input power. Typical

average power consumption is 120 mW (with WA15 series sensors and powersave mode

activated).

The power line is protected against incorrect polarity and overvoltage transients caused by

nearby lightning strikes. Transient protection is accomplished with discharge tubes, VDRs, and

transient zener diodes.

If you have the revision B of the board (PCB210450B), the

maximum operating voltage is 15.5 V instead of 31.5 V. The component board

diers in size and outlook. See Service Connector and Jumper Settings

(page 13).

CAUTION!

3.5.1 Optional Heating Power

WAC155 also provides the sensors with a throughput and control of heating power, which can

be connected if sensor heating is required. The heating power circuit is galvanically isolated

from the operating power circuit.

WAC155 User Guide M210822EN-E

18

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