Draco 3000 / Draco 4000
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EC Declaration of Conformity for the Machine
(Machine Directive 2006/42/EC, Annex II A)
Manufacturer: Tume-Agri Oy
Add.: Sudenkorventie 1
FI - 14200 TURENKI
Name and address of person authorized to compile a technical file:
Name: Heimo Valli Address: Sudenkorventie 1, FI-14200 Turenki
Hereby declares that
Seed drills TUME Draco 3000 and 4000 Serial number ___________________
• are in compliance with the applicable decrees of the Machine Directive
(2006/42/EC)
and in addition declares, that
• the following standardized European directives and standards have been applied:
SFS-EN ISO 12100-1:2003
Place and date: Turenki 3.2.2016
Signature:
Patrik Jungarå
Managing Director
Draco 3000 / Draco 4000
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.1 Connecting the machine to the tractor ......................................................................... 10
4.2 Connecting hydraulics ................................................................................................. 11
4.3 Driving instructions ...................................................................................................... 11
10.1 Taking the Epec system to use.................................................................................... 22
10.2 Connecting power to Epec .......................................................................................... 22
10.3 Epec monitor location in the cabin ............................................................................... 23
10.4 Starting the system ...................................................................................................... 23
11.1 Start menu................................................................................................................... 24
11.2 Changing the machine from sowing position to transport position ............................... 24
11.3 Changing the machine from transport position to sowing position ............................... 25
11.4 Settings menu and service window ............................................................................. 26
11.5 Sowing menu .............................................................................................................. 28
11.5.1 Area meter ha1 .................................................................................................... 30
11.5.2 Area meter ha2 .................................................................................................... 30
11.5.3 Area meter ha3 .................................................................................................... 30
11.5.4 Tramline functions ................................................................................................ 30
11.5.5 Return button to the start menu ............................................................................ 31
11.5.6 Acknowledging alarms ......................................................................................... 31
11.5.7 Ritsi marking ........................................................................................................ 32
11.5.8 Halving, left, L ...................................................................................................... 32
11.5.9 Halving, right, R .................................................................................................... 32
11.5.10 Row marker, left, L ............................................................................................ 32
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11.5.11 Row marker, right, R ......................................................................................... 32
11.5.12 Speed display / camera function ....................................................................... 33
11.5.13 Fertilizer feed amount, memory spot 1 and fertilizer calibration ......................... 34
11.5.14 Fertilizer feed amount, memory spot 2 and fertilizer calibration ......................... 34
11.5.15 Fertilizer feed amount, memory spot 3 and fertilizer calibration ......................... 34
11.5.16 Seed feeding amount, calibration and settings .................................................. 38
11.5.17 STOP button ..................................................................................................... 42
11.5.18 ½ lift .................................................................................................................. 42
11.5.19 Pole lift of a row marker .................................................................................... 43
11.5.20 Hopper monitor icons ........................................................................................ 43
11.5.21 Axle monitor icons ............................................................................................ 43
11.5.22 Coulters up / down icon .................................................................................... 43
11.6 Automatic sowing depth control Autolevel ................................................................... 44
13.1 Row markers ............................................................................................................... 46
13.2 Hydraulic front harrow ................................................................................................. 47
13.3 Roller controller ........................................................................................................... 47
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1. TO THE MACHINE OPERATOR AND THOSE IN CHARGE OF
THE MACHINERY
We wish you the best of success with your TUME seed and fertilizer drill. This manual provides
correct instructions for the use, adjustments, maintenance and storage of Tume Draco machines. If
you follow the instructions in this manual, your machine will serve you impeccably and for a long
time to come.
It is very important to become acquainted with these instructions well before the start of the
machine's operating season. Keep the manual in safe place and easily accessible. The spare part
number of the User Manual is marked in the cover. Make a note of this number so you can order a
new similar manual if required.
Both the manufacturer, Tume-Agri OY, and any authorized dealer, are happy to assist you with any
questions related to the use and maintenance of the machine.
Remarks regarding the Operating Instructions
Because this publication is distributed in an international sales network, the machinery shown in the
illustrations (as well as the standard equipment and accessories) can vary in different countries. In
different countries the statutory and otherwise important covers have been opened or removed in
some illustrations, in order to present a clearer view of the object. It is not permitted to use the
machine without covers. For your own safety, make sure that all covers are in good condition or
installed in place before commencing operations.
In this manual, the terms "left" and "right" in relation to the machine refer to the machine sides seen
from behind towards the direction of travel.
Tume-Agri Oy continuously develops its products and reserves a right to make changes and
improvements without advance notification and without commitment to carry out changes
retrospectively to already sold products.
2. GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
All persons using, maintaining or otherwise handling the TUME seed and fertilizer drill must become
carefully acquainted with this user manual before the machine is used, maintained or repaired. Follow
the instructions in the manual!
Leave the demanding repairs to an authorized known repair shop.
Use only original Tume spare parts and do not make alterations to the machine's structure without the
manufacturer's permission.
Working or staying under an unsupported machine relying on hydraulics is strictly prohibited. Lower
the machine and lock the row markers up mechanically, if you have to leave the machine unattended.
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Staying on the machine or on the step level when the machine is in motion is prohibited. The driver
must ensure that nobody is near the machine when the machine is in motion, or during hydraulic
operations, such as raising and lowering the machine's row markers.
Before you reverse the machine, ensure there are no people, such as children, behind the machine.
Changing the machine from transport position to working position and vice versa requires 15m
protective area because of a great risk of crushing. Follow closely the sections 11.2 and 11.3 of the
user manual, so that all accidents can be avoided.
The machine's lubrication, adjustment or cleaning is forbidden when the machine is moving. Turn off
the tractor engine and turn on the handbrake during maintenance work. Make sure that no outsiders
have an access to the tractor's or the machine's controls when you maintain or repair the machine!
When working with the machine all covers must be kept mounted in their respective locations.
Ensure the correct connection of drive unit, hydraulic hoses and electrical wiring to the tractor and the
work machine. Hoses and wires must be placed in such a way that they are not likely to be damaged
when the machine is in normal use.
Damaged hydraulic hoses and connectors must be replaced immediately. Tractor hydraulic valves and
connections must be leak-free and in good condition. Transportation position of the machine is
dependent on these.
Hydraulic row markers may rise or lower very quickly, especially if the hydraulic throttle valve is open
too much and tractor's hydraulic flow is high. Use extreme caution when trying out lifting and lowering
the row markers for the first time. Make sure that nobody is under a row marker or its trajectory when
lifted up with hydraulics.
Row markers must be locked mechanically in the upper position before the machine is transported on
the road or when the machine is parked and the machine's driver is not present.
Make sure that at least 20 per cent of the tractor's weight is left on the front axle of the tractor under
all circumstances. If necessary, use additional weights.
The maximum sped in good conditions is 30 km/h. Extreme caution and reduced speed must be used
on uneven surfaces. Transfers should be preferably made when containers are empty. Transporting a
load on the machine is forbidden. In order to keep tires from breaking, avoid driving over rocks and
other obstacles.
Always use caution when moving on top of the machine for cleaning or maintenance work purposes,
or filling the tanks.
When you uncouple the machine from the tractor, make sure that the machine has been carefully
parked. When required, the machine's rolling downhill must be prevented mechanically. Coulters must
be lowered to the ground and row markers must be mechanically locked into the transport position.
Inlet hoses attached to the tractor must not be pressurized. Drawbar must be supported using the
machine's standing support system.
When heated, machine's painted surfaces can emit gases harmful to health. Take care of efficient
ventilation in your workspace for example during welding operations. If required, remove the paint by
sanding.
Use only manufacturer-approved accessories and equipment. The party carrying out alterations which
does not follow manufacturer's instructions is responsible for the alterations and their consequences.
The Seed Drill does not cause any substantial increase in the noise level at the driver's cabin. Possible
hearing protection required depends on the tractor's noise level.
When handling heavy and sharp components (such as drawbar and coulter parts) the use of safety
footwear is recommended.
Keep your machine up to date also on the required road equipment, in case the machine has to be
transported on public roads. Regulatory changes are often made.
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Please also note the following regarding the Epec seeding electronics
Study carefully the Epec seeding electronics in this manual before you start using the machine.
Make sure that all users of Draco seed drill or others who deal with the machine familiarize themselves
with the instruction booklet and the system so well that safety risks are minimized.
Do not allow outsiders to deal with the Epec system. Take special care that outsiders or those travelling
in the tractor's cabin do not touch the control unit inside the cabin when you yourself are within the
machine's danger zone.
Special caution must be taken when starting to use the system. Practice its use in a place where you
don't endanger your safety or that of others'. Ensure enough free space for row markers' movements,
for example.
When practicing, go through all machine's functions. Practice especially making smooth adjustments
during the drive.
The system controls varied amounts of hydraulic functions. Never go under a machine lifted and
supported by hydraulics, or under markers etc. If you must go under such a structure, it must be first
supported reliably with mechanical supports!
Note that control commands for hydraulic or electronic functions given from the cabin's monitor may
cause sudden movements in the seed drill's structures. Make sure that there are no people or easily
damaged property in the danger zone. When row marker function is switched on, for example, both
markers, (right and left) are lowered down: Possible risk!
When you park the tractor and the machine, for which the system is installed, lock the tractor so that
outsiders cannot use the system or change its settings. When parking, you must also follow all those
safety guidelines which have been given to the seed drill and fertilizer or the seed drill.
Always keep the control system's conductors, connectors and other structures in impeccable
condition. If damages or malfunctioning are found, the problems must be solved and rectified at once.
Damaged equipment can function in an unexpected way and cause a hazard!
Use authorized Tume services or their authorized sub-contractor for making repairs and updating the
programs. Use also original Tume spare parts.
Do not make changes to the control system or its programs without a written permission from Tume-
Agri Oy for these changes.
WARNING!
Especially great care must be taken when Draco 4000 machine is turned from working position to
transport position and vice versa. This is instructed in sections 11.2 and 11.3.
The reason is that this type of turning requires plenty of free space around the machine, on both sides
as well as above and below the machine.
WARNING!
Turning the machine from working position to transport position and vice versa must absolutely be
made in the way instructed in the manual and in the right order. If turning is performed in a wrong way,
the machine's structures may be damaged and this causes a great additional risk.
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3. MACHINE APPLICATION
TUME Draco seed and fertilizer drill is suitable for seeding the seeds of the most common cereal, oil
and grass plants, as well as for peas and beans. Grainy fertilizer can be sown at the same time. The
fertilizer is mulched into the soil evenly using the front cultivator. If required, the machine can be
used separately only for fertilizing or only for seeding.
The required seed and fertilizer can be transported to the fields which are a short distance away
inside the machine's containers, if the roads are in good condition. In this case the maximum speed
allowed is 15 km/h. On uneven roads and long distances the transfers must be made with an empty
machine. The machine must not be used for other than transferring immediately needed seed and
fertilizer, and extra loads, objects, animals or passengers are not allowed to be carried in the con-
tainers or on the machine.
General about the use of the machine
There are two working widths of Tume Draco, 3 meters and 4 meters. The structure in the machines
is otherwise the same, but the 4 meter machine can be changed to 3 meters for transportation. This
happens by folding the front cultivator up, after which ½ meter sections are turned from the harrows
(both from right and left) to the front of the container, pictures 1, 2 and 3. The rear harrow also turns.
The folding function is explained in sections 11.2 and 11.3, EPEC seeding electronics. The 3 meter
model is fixed and it is not changed for transportation in any way. In this model the cultivator is made
of one part which moves in an up/down direction, same as the coulters and the rear harrow.
The fertilizer feeding device is designed only for feeding grainy fertilizers. There are usually
difficulties when feeding powdery fertilizers. At worst powdery fertilizers may cause feeding
equipment to cut and get stuck, which is why it is advisable to use only grainy fertilizers.
Fertilizer mixes evenly into the whole cultivation layer because of the cultivator in front of the
machine.
The seed coulters are equipped with two discs. The coulters penetrate well even in conditions which
include plenty of plant waste. The working depth is adjusted accurately with a roller wheel for each
coulter. The working depth adjustment is centralized so every coulter does not need adjusting
separately. The machine also has an automatic adjusting system, Autolevel, which keeps the
required seeding depth always correct. See section 11.6
The adjustment area of the coulter pressing is enough for all types of soil. The adjusting is performed
hydraulically from the tractor. The coulter weight is 0 – 100 kg per coulter, and it is automatically
adjusted (see section 11.6).
The supporting wheels under the Draco's container level the fertilizer and pre-condense the soil for
the seeding coulters following behind. Pre-condensing ensure waters capillary rising so the seed can
reach it. The levelling / working depth adjusting wheel behind the coulter finishes the levelling.
The rear harrow spreads the soil between the coulters so the surface stays suitably grainy and does
not become muddy.
The machine has remote fertilizer adjusting device as standard. There are 3 memory spots which
can be electronically adjusted or changed even during the drive. There are no memory spots for
seeds, but even the seeding value can be adjusted from the drive computer.
More information on equipment can be found in section 13.
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4. TAKING THE MACHINE IN TO USE
General
Tume Draco is delivered to the farm almost ready to use. The only installation required is attaching
the arms of the markers, which is explained in detail in section 13.1, Row Markers. Other required
actions are adjustments regarding seeding work.
Support foot
There is a supporting foot in the front of the drive unit, picture 5. It is used when storing and
transporting as freight. When it is connected to the tractor, the supporting foot is lifted up, picture 6.
4.1 Connecting the machine to the tractor
Standard drawbar
Draco seed and fertilizer drill is connected to the drawbars of the tractor's 3-point lifting device (cat
3). Adjust the height of the drawbars so that the machine's container is in a horizontal position. This
is best checked from the seam of the top edge of the container's chain cover, because this is a line
covering the whole container. Make a note of the height of the drawbars and check at regular
intervals that the position is correct and the machine stays in the horizontal position.
WARNING!
Ensure sufficient weight for the front axle. When Draco is connected to the
tractor, make sure that at least 20% of the tractor's mass is on the front axle. If
necessary, use additional weights.
If the containers have seed and fertilizer in them during transfer, the driving
speed must not exceed 15 km/h. In transfer drive the brakes on the tractor's
right and left side must be connected together.
WARNING!
Check the wear and tear and other condition of all parts of the drawbar often!
Damaged or dangerously worn parts must be repaired or replaced immediately.
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4.2 Connecting hydraulics
Tume Draco with standard equipment is connected to two double-phased hydraulics outputs in the
tractor. The hoses of the same color are connected to the same section. One of the valves works
the seeding (cultivator, coulters and row markers up/down) and the other changes the machine from
field use to road transport and vice versa. Select as the seeding valve the one that is the best and
most natural for the driver to use. Connect free return so that oil can flow freely to tractor. Hydraulic
front field drag (optional) requires a third double-phased hydraulic section.
Note! Familiarize yourself with section 11.6, Automatic working depth control, Autolevel
WARNING!
When connecting hydraulic hoses to the tractor, make sure that the machine,
drawbar or row markers cannot drop down uncontrollably and thus cause damage
to nearby people or other targets! Connect the machine to tractor's drawbars before
connecting hydraulics.
NOTE! In some tractor types you must use hydraulic quick connectors which differ from normal, but
are recommended by the tractor manufacturer. Exchange those parts when required to those
suitable for your tractor, in order to ensure the immaculate functioning of the hydraulics.
Connecting Epec seeding electronics is explained in their entirety in sections 10 and 11, Epec
seeding electronics
4.3 Driving instructions
Driving instructions during transfer drive
The machine is in the top position supported by the tractor's hydraulic valve. For this reason one
must ensure that during transfer drive the tractor's hydraulics are not leaking and that the hydraulic
valve controlling the machine's rise and fall is not accidentally moved.
The maximum speed in transfer drive is 30km/h. See general safety instructions, section 2. It
contains many guidelines which must also be taken into account during transfer drive.
Driving instructions for seeding work
NOTE! Always move the machine forward the same time it is being lowered. In
other case the coulter rods may become damaged or coulters get blocked.
Avoid unnecessary driving in the cultivated area. Choose a driving technique where you will leave
as few tyre marks as possible. It is usually best to start seeding around the field in such a way that
sufficiently wide headlands (usually the width of 1-2 times sprayer boom width) are formed. After this
sowing is usually done by driving back and forth in the direction of the longest side of the field.
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NOTE! Try to avoid sowing the corners of the field round so that the machine is
not lifted in corners. The machine's drive shaft and coulters will become
unnecessarily strained, if the machine is driven tight turns with coulters on the
ground.
Around the field sowing might be advisable on uneven fields. Lift the machine in the corner! Only
clearly obtuse corners can be sown whilst turning with the machine on the ground!
Make sure that the rear harrow lifts up when the machine is lifted. See section 12, Adjusting the rear
harrow.
NOTE! Do not reverse when the rear harrow spikes touch the ground. Do not
reverse the rear harrow so that it gets stuck to the banks or other obstacles.
The machine must work on even ground in a horizontal position. See section 4, Connecting the
machine to the tractor
NOTE! Raise and lower the machine only when it is moving forward. Never
reverse the machine when coulters are on the ground.
Check from time to time that coulters are not blocked. Also check the condition of all seeding and
fertilising hoses and clean any blockages.
Check at the beginning of sowing for an area that can be sown with one container. After this you can
calculate the estimated next time of filling based on the readings in the area meter.
Keep enough seed and fertilizer in the container. Because of the shape of the bottom this should be
taken special notice of, especially at the start.
Do not keep fertilizer or seed in the containers for several days especially in damp weather. Damp
fertilizer may cause problems with feeding.
The best sowing result is usually achieved at a driving speed of 7-10km/h. In stony/rocky
circumstances the speed must be reduced to suit the situation. Maximum sowing speed with
small and normal seeds in good conditions is 15km/h and with pea and bean sowing 6-7km/h.
Picture 5. Support foot down. Picture 6. Support foot up, connected to the tractor.
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5. USING THE FEEDING EQUIPMENT
General
In Tume Draco seed and fertilizer drill both the seed and fertilizer feeding takes place using electric
motors. There are four motors: two on the seed side and two on the fertilizer side. Both right and left
side of the machine can be optionally turned off.
The seeding electronics EPEC in Tume Draco adjusts and monitors sowing quantities. The
machine's support wheels send impulses to EPEC, which can automatically take care of the correct
sowing quantity. The device continuously measures driving speed which correlates the rotating
speed of the electric motors so that the sowing quantity per hectare stays correct. More details about
this and calibration can be found in section 11, EPEC seeding electronics, section 11,5,13 and
11,5.16.
Block chains are not used much in power transmission. Only the chain cassettes which transmit
power from electric motors to feeding axles have block chains. The cassettes can be turned either
way up on both seed and fertilizer sides. When the cassette is installed in such a way that the smaller
chain wheel is on the electric motor axle, very small quantities of seed as well as fertilizer can be
sown, section 11.5.16, pictures 60 and 59.
6. FILLING THE CONTAINERS
Using tarpaulin covers
The seed and fertilizer drill is equipped with self-lowering tarpaulin cover. It can be opened from both
front and back edge. When filling the fertilizer container it is advisable to open the tarpaulin cover
only from the front and when filling the seed container, only from the back. Thus mixing fertilizers
and seeds at the filling stage is avoided.
When the tarpaulin is closed, the tarpaulin hose locking devices must be locked, picture 7. The
container should always be kept carefully closed when it is not being filled.
The tarpaulin function is the same when opened from both front and back. When opening the
tarpaulin, it must be allowed to unroll slowly and the opening is controlled by holding the central
ribbon. When a suitable opening is reached (tarpaulin hose is next to the container's partition), the
central ribbon is tightened with the locking device, picture 8. Thus the opening is adjusted to the
suitable size for the next time the container is filled. If the container's partitions are adjusted, it is
usually advisable to also adjust the tarpaulin opening to match the partition. The remaining ribbon is
put inside the container on top of sieves. If, for some reason, sowing is done without sieves, make
sure that the ribbon cannot go into the feeding equipment!
Note! Before you start to fill containers, make sure that the container's draining holes are closed.
See section 7, draining containers and pictures 11 and 12.
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Picture 7. Tarpaulin hose locking device Picture 8. Tarpaulin locking device
Using sieves
Draco seed and fertilizer drill usually has sieve equipment as standard in both fertilizer and seed
containers (there may be country-specific and market-specific exceptions). Sieves prevent foreign
objects, which risk disturbing feeding, such as clumps of fertilizer, getting into the feeding equipment.
The fertilizer sieve must always be kept in place during container filling and sowing. The seed sieve
must also be in place, apart from exceptional cases.
Exceptional cases are large-sized or long large seeds which are too big to fall through the sieve.
Many types of oats, for example, are problematic, because the grains are long and light. If there is
a reason to suspect that the seeds may be too big to fall through a sieve, sieves should be
temporarily removed from the container. When filling and sowing without sieves, care must
be taken to ensure that foreign objects, such as pieces of bags, tools, etc. cannot get into the
feeding equipment.
Timing of the filling
When starting the sowing, it is recommended that the machine is transferred to the field empty.
Fertilizers and seed are brought to the field on a trailer, for example, and the filling of the till seed
grill is done on the edge of the field. If the machine has to be filled far away from the field block to
be sown, the transfer drive with full container loads should be done with caution.
NOTE! The greatest transfer speed of 30 km/h can be used on steady roads with empty
containers! The maximum speed with full containers is 15km / h! On bumpy, narrow or
stony roads the transfer drive speed must be adjusted even lower to suit the conditions.
Emptying of the containers can be monitored:
By looking into the container with camera or go out from time to time (the machine must be
stopped).
With EPEC sowing electronics. The machine will sound an alarm when the container has
only a small amount of fertilizer and/or seed left. The area meter can also be used to estimate
the next filling time.
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WARNING!
Transporting an assisting person or another passenger on the steps or elsewhere on the
machine is absolutely forbidden. When seed or fertilizer is being levelled in the
containers, the seed and fertilizer drill must be parked!
Adjusting the volume of fertilizer and seed containers
The position of the partition between fertilizer and seed containers can be adjusted so the containers'
volume ratios can be changed. Adjustment is done by opening the locking screws of wall support
rods, pictures 9 and 10 and by turning the partition to a desired position. Remember to lock the
support rods following the adjustment. The adjustment area of the partition can be changed by
moving the ends of the support rod into fastening pins, picture 10. When the machine is used for
sowing only, supporting rods should be in the fastening pins at the front.
NOTE! Perform the adjustment when containers are empty or nearly empty!
Picture 9. Partition wall supporting rods in the Picture 10. Partition wall supporting rods in the back-
front fastening pins fastening pins
The overall volume of the containers is the same in Draco 3000 and Draco 4000 machines.
-Overall volume is 4250 litres
-Seed minimum is 1780 litres
-Seed maximum is 2470 litres
-Fertilizer maximum is 2470 litres
Filling method
For filling small bags (such as 25-50kg, rape seeds etc.) we recommend a working method where
the bags are placed on a pallet which is lifted with a pallet crane or front loader's forklift to a suitable
height regarding the machine's safe and easy filling. Jumbo bags (500-1000kg) can be handled with
different kinds of loaders. Jumbo bags must never be lowered on top of the seed and fertilizer drill
structures. Do not overload the seed and fertilizer drill. Find out about the methods to partially drain
a jumbo sack. We recommend that the whole jumbo bag can be emptied into the machine in one go.
WARNING!
When filling the machine, never go under a load hanging from a crane or a load
otherwise lifted up, or under the structures of the lifting equipment.
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7. DRAINING CONTAINERS
Both the seed and fertilizer containers are emptied the same way
Tume Draco containers have four draining holes to make draining easier: Two in the seed container
and two in the fertilizer container. The draining holes are close to the ends of the container and the
holes are opened and closed using sliding plates, pictures 11 and 12.
Note! Make sure that the draining holes are closed when you re-fill the machine.
Draining is best performed when protected from weather, under cover, for example.
Draining is performed one hole at a time.
It is easier to drain the Draco 4000 when the machine is folded into transport position. Then,
for example, the bag into which draining is made can be easily moved next to the machine.
Take the draining hose from its place (in the drive unit), picture 14.
Place the hose into your chosen draining hole. The hose has a control pin, which fits to the
grove in the draining hole flange. Rotate the hose ¼ turns, after which the hose stays in
place, picture 15.
Bring a bag next to the machine and place the end of the draining hose carefully inside the
bag.
Open the lock in the sliding plate and pull the plate open.
Let the material flow into the bag for as long as it comes under its own weight.
Go up and guide the material in the container towards the draining hole with a soft broom,
for example.
Drain the material through this hole for half the width of the container.
Brush the bottom of the container until as clean as possible.
Perform the above actions similarly from the other end of the container as well.
Finally empty the feeding equipment into calibration trough.
You can also take the option to vacuum the rest of the material with an industrial vacuum
cleaner.
Finally close the draining hole sliding plate and lock it by fastening with screws.
Take the bags away from the machine.
WARNING!
If you use compressed air to clean the containers, remember to use protectors which
prevent fertilizer dust, mordant etc. penetrating your breathing and eyes!
Picture 11. Draining sliding plate open. Picture 12. Draining sliding plate closed.
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8. ADJUSTING THE FERTILIZER DEPTH
Fertilizer is mixed into the soil using cultivator discs. Thus there are no separate fertilizer coulters.
Fertilizer is mixed with the whole cultivated layer. The cultivator's depth adjustment determines the
maximum depth into which the fertilizer goes.
It is more important to take note of the correct cultivating performance than where in the soil the
fertilizer goes. In any case the fertilizer will be for use by the plant. Most important is that cultivating
is done right with regard to conditions.
For example: in dry spring conditions it is advisable to avid cultivating too deeply. Then the water's
capillary rise to seed can be difficult and the germinating crop may suffer.
When you adjust the machine's fertilizer depth (and seeding depth, too) always make sure that the
machine is in a horizontal position (section 4: Connecting the machine to the tractor) If it is not
horizontal it will at once make both the cultivating and sowing depth incorrect.
The cultivator's structure is shown in picture 16. The cultivator consists of cogged discs in two rows.
The shape of the discs and their position & geometry towards the soil is such that the cultivated area
will be as level as possible even with low cultivating depths.
The cultivator's penetrating the working depth and lifting in the headlands, as well as during road
transportation is connected to the same hydraulic valve as raising and lowering coulters: only one
hydraulic valve is in use.
Picture 16. Cultivator's structure
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Adjusting the cultivator's working depth
The cultivator's working depth is adjusted by restricting the stroke of the cylinder which controls the
cultivator's height. This is done by adding or removing aluminum adjusting pieces around the cylinder
rod, pictures 17 and 18.
The cultivating depth can be adjusted from the field surface to the maximum depth of 9cm. There is
a total of 13 adjusting pieces. This means that one adjusting piece is less that one centimeter in the
working depth. If all adjusting pieces are on the cylinder rod, they have the minimum working depth.
Similarly, if all adjusting pieces are removed, the cultivating is done to the maximum depth. Additional
adjusting pieces can be kept attached to the drive unit rail, for example, picture 19.
Picture 17. Cultivator's working depth adjustment Picture 18. Cultivator's working depth adjustment
Picture 19. Adjusting pieces’ location Picture 20. (Reserve)
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9. ADJUSTING THE SOWING DEPTH FOR THE SEED
Seed coulters are located behind support wheels. Each coulter has its own adjusting wheel for
working depth, but the working depth is adjusted in sections so there is no need to separately adjust
every wheel. Draco 3000 machine has 2 adjustable axles and Draco 4000 machine has them also
in the turning side sections, i.e. a total of 4 axles.
The structure of the seed coulters is shown in picture 21. Coulters are attached to a square pipe and
its angle is rotated with a cylinder. Separate limiting axles (pictures 23 and 24 part 1) and the
adjusting pieces on their necks determine the sowing depth.
Picture 21. Sowing coulters Picture 22. Sowing coulters
Sowing depth can be adjusted from the field surface to six centimeters. When all 12 adjusting pieces
are on the axle neck, the sowing depth is at its minimum. When all adjusting pieces are away, the
sowing depth is at its maximum. Additional pieces can be stored attached to the pipe in the back rail,
for example, picture 19.
Tume Draco has Autolevel sowing depth monitoring system. It monitors and adjusts sowing depth
when required: section 11.6, Automatic monitoring of the sowing depth.
Lastly we have the rear harrow as standard equipment, which finishes the structure of the field
surface so that risk of silting is reduced. More about this in section 12, Adjusting the rear harrow.
Picture 23. Limiting axle, centre section Picture 24. Limiting axle, side section Draco 4000
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