Netopia R3100 User manual

Netopia

™

R3100 ISDN Routers

User’s Reference Guide

Copyright

This manual and any associated artwork, software and product designs are copyrighted with

part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes

translation to another language or format.

Netopia, Inc.

2470 Mariner Square Loop

Alameda, CA 94501-1010

U.S.A.

Part Number

For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6120343-PF-04

Printed copies

For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER3100/Doc

(P/N 6120343-00-04)

G

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Conﬁguration options for your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router............1

1. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet........................... 2

2. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet........................... 3

3. Direct Connection to a Corporate Ofﬁce (Telecommuter).. 4

4. Conﬁgured to accept incoming dial-up connections.......... 5

5. Conﬁgured for IDSL....................................................... 6

Part I: Getting Started

Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-1

Overview....................................................................... 1-1

Features and capabilities ............................................... 1-1

How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2

Chapter 2 — Making the Physical Connections..........................2-1

Find a location............................................................... 2-1

What you need .............................................................. 2-1

Identify the connectors and attach the cables.................. 2-2

Netopia R3100 ISDN Router Back Panel Ports................. 2-3

Netopia R3100 ISDN Router Status Lights....................... 2-6

Chapter 3 — Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard3-1

Before running SmartStart ............................................. 3-2

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard........... 3-3

SmartStart Wizard conﬁguration screens............... 3-3

Easy option.......................................................... 3-4

Advanced option .................................................. 3-9

Sharing the Connection................................................ 3-10

Welcome to the Netopia R3100

User’s Reference Guide

. This guide is designed to be your single

source for information about your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router. It is intended to be viewed on-line,

using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display has been

deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen.

You can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described, and ﬁnd

useful information about the procedure you are performing.

This Table of Contents page you are viewing consists of hypertext links to the chapters and

headings listed. If you are viewing this on-line, just click any link below to go to that heading.

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ii User’s Reference Guide

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT

computers......................................................... 3-10

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers........ 3-14

Chapter 4 — Connecting Your Local Area Network.....................4-1

Overview....................................................................... 4-1

Readying computers on your local network....................... 4-2

Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 4-3

10Base-T............................................................. 4-3

Remote console ............................................................ 4-5

Connecting to a LocalTalk network ................................. 4-6

Wiring guidelines for PhoneNET cabling.................. 4-7

Chapter 5 — SmartView ...........................................................5-1

SmartView overview ...................................................... 5-1

Navigating SmartView........................................... 5-2

General Machine information page.................................. 5-2

Connection Proﬁles page................................................ 5-3

Event history pages ....................................................... 5-3

Standard HTML web-based monitoring pages................... 5-5

Chapter 6 — Console-based Management..................................6-1

About Console-based Management ................................. 6-1

Connecting through a Telnet session............................... 6-2

Conﬁguring Telnet software................................... 6-3

Connecting a local terminal console cable to your router... 6-3

Navigating through the console screens .......................... 6-5

Chapter 7 — Easy Setup...........................................................7-1

Easy Setup console screens........................................... 7-1

How to access the Easy Setup console screens ..... 7-1

Beginning Easy Setup..................................................... 7-3

ISDN Easy Setup.................................................. 7-3

IDSL Easy Setup .................................................. 7-6

Easy Setup Proﬁle................................................ 7-7

Contents iii

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IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-9

Easy Setup Security............................................ 7-10

Conﬁguring Frame Relay............................................... 7-11

Easy Setup Frame Relay screens......................... 7-12

WAN Conﬁguration Frame Relay screens.............. 7-13

Frame Relay conﬁguration................................... 7-14

Frame Relay DLCI conﬁguration........................... 7-16

Part II: Advanced Configuration

Chapter 8 — WAN and System Conﬁguration.............................8-1

Creating a new Connection Proﬁle................................... 8-1

The Default Proﬁle ......................................................... 8-6

How the default proﬁle works................................ 8-6

Customizing the Default Proﬁle.............................. 8-7

IP parameters (default proﬁle) screen.................... 8-8

IPX parameters (default proﬁle) screen ................ 8-10

Auxiliary Port Conﬁguration........................................... 8-10

System Conﬁguration screens ...................................... 8-11

System Conﬁguration features...................................... 8-12

Network Protocols Setup..................................... 8-14

Filter Sets (Firewalls).......................................... 8-14

IP Address Serving............................................. 8-14

Date and Time................................................... 8-14

Console Conﬁguration......................................... 8-16

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)..... 8-16

Security............................................................. 8-16

Upgrade Feature Set .......................................... 8-16

Telephone setup ................................................ 8-17

Logging ............................................................. 8-17

Chapter 9 — Using SmartPhone for Telephone Services .............9-1

Specifying telephone connections ................................... 9-1

Deﬁning priority ringing................................................... 9-4

iv User’s Reference Guide

Advanced calling features............................................... 9-5

Line provisioning.................................................. 9-5

Conﬁguring supplementary services ...................... 9-6

Chapter 10 — Call Accounting and Default Answer Proﬁle .......10-1

Cost control feature -- call accounting............................ 10-1

Viewing call accounting statistics ........................ 10-2

Scheduled connections................................................ 10-4

Viewing scheduled connections........................... 10-5

Adding a scheduled connection........................... 10-6

Set Weekly Schedule.......................................... 10-7

Set Once-Only Schedule...................................... 10-8

Modifying a scheduled connection....................... 10-9

Deleting a scheduled connection......................... 10-9

Default Answer Proﬁle.................................................. 10-9

How the Default Answer Proﬁle works.................. 10-9

Chapter 11 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ........11-1

Network Address Translation features ........................... 11-1

Using Network Address Translation ............................... 11-3

Associating port numbers to nodes ..................... 11-5

Using multiple Connection Proﬁles....................... 11-5

Network Address Translation guidelines............... 11-5

IP setup...................................................................... 11-6

IP subnets....................................................... 11-10

Static routes.................................................... 11-12

IP address serving..................................................... 11-16

DHCP NetBIOS Options..................................... 11-18

MacIP (Kip Forwarding) Options......................... 11-19

Chapter 12 — IPX Setup.........................................................12-1

IPX Features................................................................ 12-1

IPX Deﬁnitions............................................................. 12-1

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) ..................... 12-1

Contents v

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IPX address....................................................... 12-2

Socket .............................................................. 12-2

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)....................... 12-2

Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)....................... 12-2

NetBIOS............................................................ 12-3

IPX Spooﬁng ...................................................... 12-3

IPX setup........................................................... 12-3

IPX routing tables ........................................................ 12-5

Chapter 13 — AppleTalk Setup................................................13-1

Installing AppleTalk ...................................................... 13-1

AppleTalk networks ...................................................... 13-2

AppleTalk protocol.............................................. 13-2

MacIP................................................................ 13-4

AURP................................................................. 13-4

Routers and seeding .......................................... 13-5

Conﬁguring AppleTalk ................................................... 13-6

EtherTalk Setup.................................................. 13-7

LocalTalk Setup ................................................. 13-8

AURP setup ....................................................... 13-9

Chapter 14 — Monitoring Tools...............................................14-1

Quick View status overview .......................................... 14-1

General status................................................... 14-2

Current status ................................................... 14-3

Status lights...................................................... 14-3

Statistics & Logs......................................................... 14-4

General Statistics .............................................. 14-4

Event histories ............................................................ 14-5

Routing tables............................................................. 14-7

Served IP Addresses.................................................. 14-10

System Information.................................................... 14-12

SNMP....................................................................... 14-12

The SNMP Setup screen................................... 14-13

vi User’s Reference Guide

SNMP traps..................................................... 14-14

Chapter 15 — Security ...........................................................15-1

Suggested security measures....................................... 15-1

User accounts............................................................. 15-2

Dial-in Console Access................................................. 15-3

Enable SmartStart/SmartView/Web Server................... 15-4

Telnet access.............................................................. 15-4

About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets ........................................... 15-4

What’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set?.................. 15-4

How ﬁlter sets work............................................ 15-5

How individual ﬁlters work................................... 15-7

Design guidelines............................................. 15-11

Working with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets............................ 15-12

Adding a ﬁlter set............................................. 15-13

Viewing ﬁlter sets............................................. 15-17

Modifying ﬁlter sets.......................................... 15-18

Deleting a ﬁlter set........................................... 15-18

A sample IP ﬁlter set........................................ 15-18

IPX ﬁlters .................................................................. 15-22

IPX packet ﬁlters.............................................. 15-23

IPX packet ﬁlter sets ........................................ 15-24

IPX SAP ﬁlters.................................................. 15-26

IPX SAP ﬁlter sets ............................................ 15-28

Firewall tutorial.......................................................... 15-30

General Firewall Terms ..................................... 15-30

Basic IP Packet Components............................. 15-30

Basic Protocol Types ........................................ 15-30

Firewall design rules......................................... 15-31

Filter Basics..................................................... 15-33

Example Filters ................................................ 15-34

Token Security Authentication..................................... 15-37

Securing network environments......................... 15-37

Contents vii

G

Using the SecurID token card............................ 15-37

Security authentication components.................. 15-38

Conﬁguring for security authentication ............... 15-38

Connecting using security authentication ........... 15-39

Chapter 16 — Utilities and Diagnostics...................................16-1

Ping............................................................................ 16-2

Telnet client................................................................. 16-4

Trace Route................................................................. 16-5

Secure Authentication Monitor...................................... 16-6

Disconnect Telnet Console Session............................... 16-7

Factory defaults........................................................... 16-7

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with TFTP.... 16-7

Updating ﬁrmware.............................................. 16-8

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ........................... 16-9

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................... 16-9

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with

XMODEM................................................................... 16-10

Updating ﬁrmware............................................ 16-10

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ......................... 16-11

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................. 16-12

Restarting the system................................................ 16-12

ISDN Switch Loopback Test ........................................ 16-13

Part III: Appendixes

Appendix A — Troubleshooting..................................................A-1

Conﬁguration problems .................................................. A-1

SmartStart Troubleshooting.................................. A-2

Console connection problems ............................... A-2

Network problems................................................ A-2

Power outages............................................................... A-3

Technical support .......................................................... A-3

How to get support .............................................. A-3

viii User’s Reference Guide

Appendix B — Setting Up Telco Services...................................B-1

Obtaining an ISDN line................................................... B-1

Finding an ISDN service provider........................... B-1

Choosing an ISDN line.......................................... B-1

Ordering an ISDN line........................................... B-1

Completing the ISDN worksheet...................................... B-5

Appendix C — North American Telco Provisioning for ISDN.........C-1

Appendix D — Setting Up Internet Services...............................D-1

Finding an Internet service provider................................. D-1

Unique requirements............................................ D-1

Pricing and support.............................................. D-2

ISP’s Point of presence ........................................ D-2

Endorsements ..................................................... D-2

Deciding on an ISP account............................................ D-2

Setting up a Netopia R3100 account..................... D-2

Obtaining an IP host address ................................ D-2

SmartIP™............................................................ D-2

Obtaining information from the ISP.................................. D-3

Local LAN IP address information to obtain............ D-3

Appendix E — Understanding IP Addressing...............................E-1

What is IP?.................................................................... E-1

About IP addressing....................................................... E-1

Subnets and subnet masks .................................. E-2

Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... E-3

Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ E-5

Distributing IP addresses ............................................... E-5

Technical note on subnet masking......................... E-6

Conﬁguration ....................................................... E-7

Manually distributing IP addresses ........................ E-8

Using address serving.......................................... E-8

Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses............ E-8

Contents ix

G

Nested IP subnets....................................................... E-10

Broadcasts.................................................................. E-12

Packet header types........................................... E-12

Appendix F — Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior...................F-1

Network Conﬁguration.................................................... F-1

Background................................................................... F-1

Exported services................................................ F-5

Important notes................................................... F-6

Conﬁguration................................................................. F-6

Summary...................................................................... F-8

Appendix G — Understanding Frame Relay ................................G-1

Virtual Circuits............................................................... G-1

Committed Information Rate (CIR)......................... G-2

Committed Burst Size (Bc).................................... G-2

Excess Burst Size (Be).......................................... G-2

Addressing.................................................................... G-3

Local and Global DLCIs......................................... G-3

Local Management Interface (LMI).................................. G-3

Encapsulation and Fragmentation ................................... G-4

Network Protocol Addressing and Virtual Interfaces.......... G-4

Frame Relay partial mesh support .................................. G-4

Appendix H — Event Histories...................................................H-1

Leased line events......................................................... H-1

ISDN events.................................................................. H-1

ISDN event cause codes....................................... H-2

Appendix I — ISDN Conﬁguration Guide......................................I-1

Deﬁnitions...................................................................... I-1

About SPIDs................................................................... I-1

Example SPIDs ..................................................... I-2

Dynamic B-channel usage................................................ I-2

Other incoming call restrictions.............................. I-3

x User’s Reference Guide

Appendix J — Binary Conversion Table....................................... J-1

Appendix K — Further Reading..................................................K-1

Appendix L — Technical Speciﬁcations and Safety Information...L-1

Pinouts for Auxiliary Port Modem Cable........................... L-1

Description.................................................................... L-3

Power requirements ............................................. L-3

Environment ........................................................ L-3

Software and protocols......................................... L-3

Agency approvals........................................................... L-4

Regulatory notices ............................................... L-4

Important safety instructions................................ L-6

Glossary..................................................................................GL-1

Index .......................................................................................IX-1

Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies ................. Warranty-1

Conﬁguration options for your Netopia R3100 ISDN Router

The Netopia R3100 ISDN Router can be used in different ways depending on your needs. In

general, you will probably want to use it in one or more of the following ways: (Click on one of

these links)

■

“1. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet” with several computers in your ofﬁce sharing

a single IP address (Network Address Translation enabled)

■

“2. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet” with a block of IP addresses (Network

Address Translation disabled),

■

“3. Direct Connection to a Corporate Ofﬁce (Telecommuter)”

■

“4. Conﬁgured to accept incoming dial-up connections”

■

“5. Conﬁgured for IDSL”

This section is intended to give you a path to the appropriate installation and conﬁguration

instructions based on your intended use for the Netopia R3100 ISDN Router.

1. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet

For Small Ofﬁce connections to the Internet, using a single dynamic IP address with Network

Address Translation (NAT) enabled, you should use the following conﬁguration option:

■

the SmartStart™ Wizard, included on your Netopia R3100 CD.

This is the fastest and simplest way to get you up and running with the minimum

difﬁculty.

For instructions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard”

on page 3-3.

2. Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet

For Small Ofﬁce connections to the Internet, using a block of IP addresses (Network Address

Translation disabled), you use both of the following conﬁguration tools:

■

the SmartStart™ Wizard, included on your Netopia R3100 CD.

This is the fastest and simplest way to get you up and running with the minimum

difﬁculty.

For instructions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard”

on page 3-3.

■

manual conﬁguration using console-based management. This option allows maximum

ﬂexibility for experienced users and administrators.

For instructions on this option, see “Console-based Management” on page 6-1.

3. Direct Connection to a Corporate Ofﬁce (Telecommuter)

For direct connections to a Corporate Ofﬁce, you can use either one of two conﬁguration

options:

■

the SmartStart™ Wizard, included on your Netopia R3100 CD.

For instructions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard”

on page 3-3.

■

manual conﬁguration using console-based management. This option allows maximum

ﬂexibility for experienced users and administrators.

For instructions on this option, see “Console-based Management” on page 6-1.

4. Conﬁgured to accept incoming dial-up connections

To conﬁgure the Netopia R3100 to accept incoming dial-up connections, you should use the

following conﬁguration option:

■

use the SmartStart™ Wizard, to conﬁgure your outbound connection to an ISP.

For instructions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard”

on page 3-3.

■

manual conﬁguration using console-based management. You will go to WAN conﬁguration

and add one or more dial-in Connection Proﬁles.

For instructions on this option, see “Creating a new Connection Proﬁle” on page 8-1.

5. Conﬁgured for IDSL

If you have the Netopia R3100-I IDSL model you can use either one of two conﬁguration

options:

■

the SmartStart™ Wizard, included on your Netopia R3100 CD.

For instructions on this option, see “Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard”

on page 3-3.

■

However, you may wish to skip directly to manual conﬁguration using console-based

management. This option allows maximum ﬂexibility for experienced users and

administrators, yet is very simple for the IDSL WAN interface.

For instructions on this option, see “IDSL Easy Setup” on page 7-6.

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