Anritsu ME7840A User manual

MODEL

ME7840A

POWER AMPLIFIER TEST SYSTEM

OPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

490 JARVIS DRIVE - MORGAN HILL, CA 95037-2809

P/N: 10410-00225

REVISION: A

PRINTED: JUNE 2000

WARRANTY

The ANRITSU product(s) listed on the title page is (are) warranted against defects in materials and

workmanship for three years from the date of shipment.

ANRITSU’s obligation covers repairing or replacing products which prove to be defective during the

warranty period. Buyers shall prepay transportation charges for equipment returned to ANRITSU for

warranty repairs. Obligation is limited to the original purchaser. ANRITSU is not liable for consequential

damages.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty does not apply to ANRITSU connectors that have failed due to normal wear. Also,

the warranty does not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the Buyer,

unauthorized modification or misuse, or operation outside of the environmental specifications of the

product. No other warranty is expressed or implied, and the remedies provided herein are the Buyer’s sole

and exclusive remedies.

TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

V Connector and K Connector are registered trademarks of ANRITSU Company.

GPC-7 is a registered trademark of Amphenol Corporation.

Ink Jet and Think Jet are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Co.

MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

NOTICE

ANRITSU Company has prepared this manual for use by ANRITSU Company personnel and customers

as a guide for the proper installation, operation and maintenance of ANRITSU Company equipment and

computer programs. The drawings, specifications, and information contained herein are the property of

ANRITSU Company, and any unauthorized use or disclosure of these drawings, specifications, and

information is prohibited; they shall not be reproduced, copied, or used in whole or in part as the basis for

manufacture or sale of the equipment or software programs without the prior written consent of ANRITSU

Company.

Safety Symbols

To prevent the risk of personal injury or loss related to equipment malfunction, ANRITSU Company uses

the following symbols to indicate safety-related information. For your own safety, please read the informa

-

tion carefully BEFORE operating the equipment.

Symbols used in manuals

DANGER

This indicates a very dangerous procedure that could result in serious

injury or death if not performed properly.

WARNING This indicates a hazardous procedure that could result in serious in

-

jury or death if not performed properly.

CAUTION This indicates a hazardous procedure or danger that could result in

light-to-severe injury, or loss related to equipment malfunction, if

proper precautions are not taken.

Safety Symbols Used on Equipment and in Manuals

(Some or all of the following five symbols may or may not be used on all ANRITSU equipment. In addition,

there may be other labels attached to products that are not shown in the diagrams in this manual.)

The following safety symbols are used inside or on the equipment near operation locations to provide infor

-

mation about safety items and operation precautions. Ensure that you clearly understand the meanings of

the symbols and take the necessary precautions BEFORE operating the equipment.

This indicates a prohibited operation. The prohibited operation is indi

-

cated symbolically in or near the barred circle.

This indicates a compulsory safety precaution. The required operation

is indicated symbolically in or near the circle.

This indicates warning or caution. The contents are indicated symboli

-

cally in or near the triangle.

This indicates a note. The contents are described in the box.

These indicate that the marked part should be recycled.

ME7840A OMM Safety 1

Safety 1 ME7840A OMM

Always refer to the operation manual when working near locations at

which the alert mark, shown on the left, is attached. If the operation,

etc., is performed without heeding the advice in the operation manual,

there is a risk of personal injury. In addition, the equipment perfor

-

mance may be reduced.

Moreover, this alert mark is sometimes used with other marks and de

-

scriptions indicating other dangers.

WARNING

When supplying power to this equipment, connect the accessory 3-pin

power cord to a 3-pin grounded power outlet. If a grounded 3-pin outlet

is not available, use a conversion adapter and ground the green wire, or

connect the frame ground on the rear panel of the equipment to ground.

If power is supplied without grounding the equipment, there is a risk of

receiving a severe or fatal electric shock.

WARNING

This equipment can not be repaired by the operator. DO NOT attempt to

remove the equipment covers or to disassemble internal components.

Only qualified service technicians with a knowledge of electrical fire

and shock hazards should service this equipment. There are

high-voltage parts in this equipment presenting a risk of severe injury

or fatal electric shock to untrained personnel. In addition, there is a

risk of damage to precision components.

WARNING

Repair

For Safety

Use two or more people to lift and move this equipment, or use an

equipment cart. There is a risk of back injury, if this equipment is lifted

by one person.

WARNING

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 General Information

SCOPE OF THIS MANUAL...............................1-1

INTRODUCTION ....................................1-1

RELATED MANUALS .................................1-1

CONVENTIONS.....................................1-2

SERIAL NUMBER ...................................1-2

ONLINE MANUALS ..................................1-2

PATS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ..............................1-2

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION..............................1-2

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ................................1-5

DRA Scorpion ....................................1-5

MS4782X Test Set .................................1-6

Connectors and Ports ................................1-7

K FACTOR ........................................1-9

ADAPTIVE P STOP ...................................1-9

SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION ..............................1-9

TEST EXECUTIVE ...................................1-9

SOFTWARE STRUCTURE ..............................1-11

MS7840A OPTIONS ..................................1-12

OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES..............................1-12

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ...........................1-13

USER SUPPLED TEST SET .............................1-13

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS.........................1-13

RECOMMENDED ITEMS...............................1-15

USER SUPPLIED ITEMS ...............................1-15

Chapter 2 Installation

INTRODUCTION ....................................2-1

EQUIPMENT COMPLEMENT .............................2-1

UNPACKING and INSPECTION............................2-1

INSTALLATION - HARDWARE ............................2-2

INSTALLATION - SOFTWARE.............................2-7

ME7840A OMM i

Installation .....................................2-7

What else is on the CD?...............................2-7

Uninstalling the software..............................2-7

SERVICE CENTERS ..................................2-8

Chapter 3 Operations, General

INTRODUCTION ....................................3-1

PREPARING THE SYSTEM ..............................3-1

Unused Connections ................................3-2

USING PATS SOFTWARE ...............................3-4

Software

Organization.....................................3-4

COLLATERAL FUNCTIONS ..............................3-5

File..........................................3-5

Help .........................................3-6

Tools .........................................3-7

Chapter 4 Operations, Calibration

INTRODUCTION ....................................4-1

OPERATION, GENERAL ................................4-1

PROGRAM FILES....................................4-1

TEST EQUIPMENT...................................4-2

GENERAL ........................................4-3

POWER LEVEL .....................................4-4

HOTS22.........................................4-8

S-PARAMETERS CAL .................................4-11

CAL FILE SETUP ...................................4-15

Chapter 5 Operations, Measurement

INTRODUCTION ....................................5-1

OPERATION, GENERAL ................................5-1

MEASUREMENT CALIBRATION ...........................5-1

GENERAL ........................................5-1

Calibration(s) Completed ..............................5-1

Calibration(s) Not Completed ...........................5-2

S-PARAMETER TESTS: S

21

,S

11

,S

22

,S

12

,ALL.....................5-4

S-PARAMETER TEST: K FACTOR...........................5-7

POWER SWEEP, TWO TONE.............................5-10

Single Frequency Power Sweep ..........................5-10

Multiple Frequency Power Sweep.........................5-14

ii ME 7840A OMM

Gain and IMD Power Sweep ...........................5-18

POWER SWEEP, ONE TONE .............................5-22

Single Frequency Power Sweep ..........................5-22

IMD...........................................5-26

HARMONICS .....................................5-29

HOTS22........................................5-32

Chapter 6 Performance Verification Procedure

INTRODUCTION ....................................6-1

CONVENTIONS.....................................6-1

TEST

EQUIPMENT ......................................6-1

SOURCE OUTPUT ACCURACY ............................6-2

Setup: ........................................6-2

Test Procedure ...................................6-2

RETURN LOSS CONFIDENCE TEST.........................6-3

Setup.........................................6-3

Test Procedure: ...................................6-4

SYSTEM DYNAMIC RANGE .............................6-6

Test Procedure: ...................................6-6

RECEIVER DISPLAY LINEARITY ..........................6-8

Setup: ........................................6-8

Chapter 7 Preamplifier Operations

INTRODUCTION ....................................7-1

USE OF EXTERNAL PREAMPLIFIERS........................7-1

Alternative 1 ....................................7-1

Alternative 2 ....................................7-1

Appendix A Calibration Specification Files

INTRODUCTION ....................................A-1

FILE TYPES.......................................A-1

OPEN FILES ......................................A-1

TECHNICAL DETAILS.................................A-1

POWER LEVE.TXT ..................................A-11

CAL FILES SETUP.TXT................................A-11

HOT S

22

.TXT ......................................A-13

S-PARAMETERS. TXT ................................A-14

ME7840A OMM iii/iv

Figure 1-1. Model ME7840A Power Amplifier Test System (PATS)

Chapter 1

General Information

1-1 SCOPE OF THIS

MANUAL

This manual provides operating and maintenance information for the

ME7840A Power Amplifier Test System (PATS, Figure 1-1). The follow

-

ing topics are discussed:

q

Equipment Description

q

Equipment Installation and Connection

q

Software Description

q

Software Installation

q

Calibration

q

System Operation

q

Test Procedures and Test Results Interpretation

q

System Performance Verification

The procedures described in this manual presume a working knowledge

of vector network analyzers and RF power amplifier testing procedures.

Refer to the other manuals supplied with the ME7840A (see below) for

more detailed explanations of the system equipment and procedures.

1-2 INTRODUCTION This chapter provides information to familiarize the user with the basic

ME7840A Power Amplifier Test System. Included is information about re

-

lated manuals, and the available models and options.

1-3 RELATED

MANUALS

The ME7840A manual set consists of the following manuals: The operat

-

ing and programming manuals are supplied with the equipment; the

maintenance manuals are optional items that may be purchased.

Manual Description ANRITSU Part Number

ME7840A Operating & Maintenance Manual

(OMM)

10410-00225

MS462XX Operating Manual (OM) 10410-00203

MS462XX Programming Manual (PM) 10410-00204

MS462XX Maintenance Manual (MM) 10410-00205 (Optional)

MS4782X Test Set Maintenance Manual (MM) 10410-00218 (Optional))

ME7840A OMM 1-1

1-4 CONVENTIONS Throughout this manual, the ME7840A Power Amplifier System may be

referenced as PATS or ME7840A; the MS462XC may be referenced as

Scorpion or MS462XC; and the MS4782X Test Set may be referenced as

Test Set or MS4782X.

1-5 SERIAL NUMBER All ANRITSU instruments are assigned a unique six-digit serial number,

such as “940101.” This number is affixed to a decal on the rear panel of

each unit. In any correspondence with ANRITSU Customer Service,

please use this number.

1-6 ONLINE MANUALS This manual is available on CD ROM as an Adobe Acrobat™ (*.pdf) file.

The file can be viewed using Acrobat Reader™, a free program that is

also available on the CD ROM. This file is “linked” such that the viewer

can choose a topic to view from the displayed “bookmark” list and “jump”

to the manual page on which the topic resides. The text can also be

word-searched. CD ROM part numbers are available on ANRITSU’s

Internet home page (http://www.global.anritsu.com/ library/). You can also

contact ANRITSU Customer Service for price and availability.

1-7 PATS SYSTEM

OVERVIEW

The ANRITSU ME7870A Power Amplifier Test System (PATS) is in-

tended for the measurement and real-time graphical display of the follow-

ing parameters of a power amplifier in the frequency range of 10 MHz to

6 GHz:

q

S-Parameters including Hot S

22

q

K Factor

q

Gain Compression and Phase Distortion

q

Intermodulation Distortion

q

Harmonics

q

Drain Current and Power Added Efficiency (PAE)

PATS is designed to facilitate alignment, tuning and pass/fail testing of

the components, modules and subassemblies of a power amplifier as well

as the completed amplifier.

1-8 HARDWARE

DESCRIPTION

The ME7840A hardware (Figure 1-1) consists of a MS462XC, Direct Re

-

ceiver Access (DRA) Scorpion, a MS4782X Test Set, a customer supplied

Personal Computer (PC), and an optional current probe (refer to Chapter

2, Figure 2-4 ). The MS462XC is available in two frequency ranges: 10

MHz to 3 GHz or 10 MHz to 6 GHz.

The Test Set is available in two configurations, as described in Table 1-1

The MS4782D is standard, and the MS4782A is Option 2. A block dia

-

gram of the PATS is shown in Figure 1-2 and the Option 2 system in Fig

-

ure 1-3.

CONVENTIONS GENERAL INFORMATION

1-2 ME 7840A OMM

GENERAL INFORMATION HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

ME7840A OMM 1-3

AUT

POWER

METER

OPTIONAL

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

SYSTEM

CONTROLLER

(PC)

RF1

STEP

ATTENUATOR

70dB, 10dB/step

POWER

SUPPLY

COMBINER

RF2

OPTIONAL

MODULATION

SYNTHESIZER

-30dB

OPTIONAL

EXTERNAL

PRE-AMP

N

LIMITER

NK

K

KKN

N

KKKN

N

DIRECT RECEIVER

ACCESS

SCORPION

MS4782D Test Set

EXT I/O

SOURCE 2 SOURCE 1

STEP

ATTENUATORS

70dB, 10dB/step

RF3

FORWAR

D

REVERSE

TRANSFER SWITCH

RECEIVERS

CURRENT PROBE

ANALOG IN

GPIB

CONTROL

LINES

OPTIONAL

EXTERNAL

PREAMPLIFIERS

-30dB

100 W

TERMINATION

EXTERNAL

CIRCULATOR

N

NK

K

C3

C2

C1

K

Indicates coax

j

umper in the as-shipped confi

g

uration

a

1

a

2

b

1

b

2

Figure 1-2. Overall Functional Block Diagram of the Basic Power Amplifier Test System (PATS) with MS4782D Test Set

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION GENERAL INFORMATION

1-4 ME 7840A OMM

AUT

POWER

METER

OPTIONAL

SPECTRUM

ANALYZER

SYSTEM

CONTROLLER

(PC)

RF1

a

1

a

2

b

1

b

2

STEP

ATTENUATOR

70dB, 10dB/step

POWER

SUPPLY

COMBINER

RF2

OPTIONAL

MODULATION

SYNTHESIZER

-30dB

OPTIONAL

EXTERNAL

PRE-AMP

N

LIMITER

NK

K

KKN

N

KKKN

N

DIRECT RECEIVER

ACCESS

SCORPION

MS478A Test Set

EXT I/O

SOURCE 2 SOURCE 1

STEP

ATTENUATORS

70dB, 10dB/step

RF3

FORWAR

D

REVERSE

TRANSFER SWITCH

RECEIVERS

CURRENT PROBE

ANALOG IN

GPIB

CONTROL

LINES

OPTIONAL

EXTERNAL

PREAMPLIFIERS

-30dB

HIGH

POW

ER

TERMINATION

N

NK

K

Indicates coax

j

umper in the as-shipped confi

g

uration

Figure 1-3. Overall Functional Block Diagram of the Option 2 Power Amplifier Test System (PATS) with MS4782A Test

Set

1-9 SYSTEM

DESCRIPTION

Brief descriptions of the DRA Scorpion (MS462XC) and MS4782X Test

Set are given below.

DRA Scorpion The Scorpion Direct Receiver Access (DRA) version Vector Network Mea-

surement System (VNMS) (Figure 1-2) functions under control of the soft-

ware residing in the PC through GPIB commands. The software supports

tuning and alignment operations by generating real time graphic displays

of the measured data on the PC screen.

Under software control, 3

rd

,5

th

and 7

th

order IMD products can be mea-

sured and displayed. Also, the Upper and Lower Side Band (USB & LSB)

components of the IMD products are measured and displayed separately.

The DRA Scorpion includes the following capabilities:

q

Two internal, independent RF sources. Each source has a range of

–15 dBm to +10 dBm. A 0dB to 70dB step attenuator (10 dB / step)

is provided for each source resulting in a Power Output range of

–85 dBm to +10 dBm from each source.

q

Complete built-in capability for IMD measurements. A combiner is

provided in the Test Set.

q

Internal Transfer Switch enabling S

22

and Hot S

22

measurements.

The reflectometer set-up is provided in the Test Set.

q

Direct access to each of the four receiver channels (two reference

channels and two test channels) for maximum flexibility in measur

-

ing forward and reverse S-parameters over a wide range of AUT

output power. The Test Set provides incident and reflected signal

separation.

GENERAL INFORMATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

ME7840A OMM 1-5

NOTE

After test set losses, the maximum net power at the input of the amplifier

under test (AUT) is +5 dBm.

Model

Frequency Range

(MHz)

Max AUT Power Output

(Watts)

Reverse Measurements

(S

22

, Hot S

22

,S

12

Possible)

Circulator

(at AUT Output Path)

MS4782A 800 to 1000 50 Yes Internal

MS4782D 800 to 2400

(Note 1)

100

(Note 2)

Yes External

Notes:

1. This frequency range does not account for any restricting effects caused by use of external circulator.

2. This Max AUT power assumes a minimum isolation of 23 dB provided by external circulator(s). Two circulators may have to

be used to provide the required isolation.

Table 1-1. Test Set Configurations

MS4782X Test Set The Series MS4782X Test Set contains a Wilkinson type combiner that

combines the two RF signals from Ports 1 and 3 (RF1 & RF3) of the Scor

-

pion. External preamplifiers can optionally be provided at the combiner

input to boost the input RF power to the amplifier-under- test (AUT). The

combiner has power input rating of 30-Watts maximum when terminated

with a VSWR of 1.2:1. For an open or short at the combiner output, the

combiner input power rating is 0.5 Watts maximum.

The output of the combiner is fed to a source selection switch that enables

one of the following to be applied to the AUT:

q

The combined signal from the Scorpion sources.

q

A modulated signal from an optional external modulation synthe

-

sizer.

A provision for the insertion of an optional external pre-amplifier (after

the combiner and source selection switch) is also provided. Refer to Chap

-

ter 7, “Preamplifier Operations,” for details.

The test set includes a bi-directional coupler at the input of the AUT that

separates the incident signal from the reflected signal. The power rating

of this bi-directional coupler is 100 watts average. The –30 dB portion of

the incident and reflected signals are applied to the Scorpion reference

port a1 and test port b

1

, respectively, for S

11

measurement. The S

11

mea-

surement determined by the DRA Scorpion is simply the ratio of the re-

flected signal to the incident signal.

The amplified output of the AUT is fed to a high power coupler in the test

set. The power rating of this coupler is also 100-watts average. The –30

dB coupled arm of this coupler is routed to the test port b

2

of the Scorpion

througha6dBresistive divider and a 0-dB to 70-dB step attenuator

(10dB/step). A limiter is also provided in this path provide added protec

-

tion for the Scorpion reference channel .

The divider enables the connections of a power meter or Spectrum Ana

-

lyzer, when desired, to measure the AUT b

2

output.

The through arm of the 100-W coupler is routed to a high power

(100-Watt) termination through a circulator. In the MS4782A Test Set,

the circulator is internal and has a rating of 100 watts average. This

circulator has an isolation specification of 20-dB minimum. This means

that the AUT output power is attenuated by 20 dB (plus other losses) be

-

fore reaching the Scorpion port 2. Since the maximum (no-damage) power

level for this port is 27 dBm (0.5 watt), this establishes the maximum

AUT output power at 50 watts.

In the MS4782D Test Set, the circulator is external as shown in Figure

1-2. In selecting an external circulator, the following criteria should be

used.

q

Power rating: Should be no less than the power output of the ampli

-

fier-under-test (AUT). It should be noted that a 100 watt termina

-

tion is provided in the Test Set for the termination port of the exter

-

nal circulator.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION GENERAL INFORMATION

1-6 ME 7840A OMM

q

Bandwidth: Should be sufficiently wide to cover the frequency band

of the AUT.

q

Isolation: Should be no less than (P

o

-27 dB), where P

o

is the

power output in dBm of the AUT. Thus for Po = 47 dBm (50 watts),

a 20 dB isolation is required. For a P

o

greater than 47 dBm up to 50

dBm (100 watts), two circulators in series can be used.

Where S

22

or Hot S

22

measurements are not required, power amplifiers

with up to 100 watts average output power can be tested with the

MS4782D Test Set without any circulator by connecting the through arm

of the output coupler directly to the 100 watt termination (Port C1 con

-

nected to Port C2 on the rear. The unit is shipped from the factory with

this loop jumper.)

For S

22

measurements, the transfer switch located within the Scorpion

routes the source 1 output signal to the output port of the AUT via Port 2

(RF2) of the Scorpion. A separate 100-watt coupler in the test set applies

the –30 dB portion of this incident signal to the Scorpion reference port

a

2

. The –30 dB portion of the signal reflected from the AUT output port is

applied to the Scorpion test port b

2

by means of the AUT output coupler.

The PATS calibration is performed with the test set in place, at the con-

nectors where AUT will be connected directly. Therefore, the test set com-

ponents and cables are included in the calibration loop and their effects

are calibrated out, resulting in correct and accurate measurements of the

AUT.

The software supplied by ANRITSU supports operator control of the

source selection switch and step attenuator in the test set. This control is

achieved through the parallel TTL control lines available at the Scorpion

rear panel “External I/O” connector. The GPIB commands from the PC to

the Scorpion set the TTL control lines to the desired states.

Connectors and

Ports

On the front panel of the Model MS4622/3C DRA Scorpion three Type N

(female) connectors are provided for Ports 1, 2 and 3.

Port 1 provides RF source 1 when the transfer switch is in the forward

position, and is terminated in 50 ohms to ground when the transfer

switch is in the reverse position.

Port 2 provides RF source 1 when the transfer switch is in the reverse po

-

sition, and is terminated in 50 ohms to ground when the transfer switch

is in the forward position.

Port 3 is allocated to RF source 2. Under independent control, port 3 pro

-

vides RF source 2, or is terminated in 50 ohms to ground.

On the rear of the unit, four SMA connectors (Figure 1-4) are provided for

Reference ports a

1

and a

2

and Test Ports b

1

and b

2

. The front of the unit

as well as all other mechanical specifications is the same as the model

MS4623B.

On the MS4782D Test Set, three additional SMA connectors provide for

connecting an external circulator. If reverse measurements (S

22

and Hot

GENERAL INFORMATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

ME7840A OMM 1-7

CAUTION

Connecting the external

circulator incorrectly or

placing a direct connection

between C1 and C3 on

MS4782D rear panel will

cause permanent damage

to MS462XC.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION GENERAL INFORMATION

1-8 ME 7840A OMM

Noise

In

Noise

+28V

NO OPERATOR SERVICE-

ABLE PARTS INSIDE.

REFER SERVICING TO

QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.

WARNING

CAUTION

FOR CONTINUED FIRE

PROTECTION REPLACE

ONLY WITH SPECIFIED

TYPE AND RATED FUSE.

IEEE 488.2

GPIB

Dedicated

GPIB

Serial Port

Ethernet

VGA

SCSI-2

Ext

Analog

Output

Ext

Trigger

LPT Line Printer

Ext I/O

Ext Analog

In

Ext

Source

Ext 10 MHz

In

47-440 Hz

85-264VAC

REPLACE FUSE ONLYWITH

SAME TYPE AND RATING

CAUTION

DO NOT OPERATE

WITH POWER CORD

UNGROUNDED

N274

a

1

a

b

a

b

1

2

b

1

b

2

a

2

Figure 1-4. MS462XC Rear Panel Showing Ports a

1

,a

2

,b

1

, and b

2

NO OPERATOR SERVICE-

ABLE PARTS INSIDE.

REFER SERVICING TO

QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.

WARNING

FOR CONTINUED FIRE

PROTECTION REPLACE

ONLY WITH SPECIFIED

TYPE AND RATED FUSE

CAUTION

DO NOT OPERATE

WITH POWER CORD

UNGROUNDED

CAUTION

LINE INPUT

85-240 VAC

47-63 Hz

100 VA max

FUSE 250 V 1.6 A T

Control

In

Output

Input

Ext Preamp

N274

External

Circulator

100W

Termination

(Internal)

AUT

Test Port 2

b

2

To

a

2

To

VNMS

Port 2

50 dBm

Max

50 dBm

Max

27 dBm

Max

a

1

a

2

b

1

b

2

C3

C2C1

C1

C3

C2

Figure 1-5. MS4782A Rear Panel Showing Circulator Connections C1, C2, and C3

S

22

) are not desired, then a circulator is not required. Instead, a through

line should be connected between connectors C1 and C2 (Figure 1-5). The

MS4782A is shipped from the factory with this through line in place.

1-10 K FACTOR K factor is a parameter which is sometimes used to indicate the stability

of an amplifier. K factor is a function of all four S parameters and is de

-

fined by the formula

K

SS

=

--+1

2

11

2

22

11 21

D

Where

D =S

11

S

22

-S

12

S

21

The necessary and sufficient condition for unconditional stability is that

K>1 and

D<1

.

K factor is available as the sixth choice in the S parameters menu (first

five choices are: S

11

,S

22

,S

21

,S

12

and ALL). The same conditions and

setup as S-parameter measurements including a full 12-term calibration

applies to this measurement. The result is “dynamic” meaning that the

above formula is applied at each point for each sweep as the S parame-

ters are reported to the PC over the GPIB.

1-11 ADAPTIVE P STOP Adaptive P stop lets users enter a gain compression value at which the

program will adjust the final P

in

value during a power sweep. For exam-

ple, if user sets 3 dB P-stop, the program commands the execution of one

sweep, find P

in

value where 3 dB gain compression occurs, back up 1 in

-

crement, and reset this as the upper bound of the power sweep.

1-12 SOFTWARE

DESCRIPTION

The ME7840A software exhibits an open architecture that has been de

-

veloped using standard C++ and Visual Basic languages. The software is

compiled as an Active X exe module.

The software resides in the System Controller (PC), and communicates

with the Direct Receiver Access (DRA) Scorpionâ Vector Network Mea

-

surement System (VNMS) via the GPIB bus. Optionally, the ME7840A

software can also interface with additional GPIB capable test equipment,

such as a multimeter or a power meter.

1-13 TEST EXECUTIVE The Test Executive is an optional layer of test management software. The

ANRITSU measurement and display software does not require a separate

Test Executive, even though it can operate in conjunction with one such

as the National Instruments TestStand or customer’s proprietary Test

Executive. In the absence of a separate test executive, the ANRITSU soft

-

ware can be operated on a stand-alone basis or can be called directly by a

Microsoft Windows 95/98/2000 or NT program such as Word, Excel or Ac

-

cess that supports Visual Basic function calls.

GENERAL INFORMATION K FACTOR

ME7840A OMM 1-9

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Anritsu ME7840A User manual

Anritsu ME7840A User manual

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