Aethra D2000 Lite User manual

ISDN TESTER AND

ANALYZER

D2000

USER’S MANUAL

ISDN TESTER AND

ANALYZER

D2000

USER’S MANUAL

ISDN TESTER AND

ANALYZER

D2000

USER’S MANUAL

The information contained in this document is the

property of Aethra

®

S.p.A., it is subject to change

without notice and it shall in no way be binding for

Aethra

®

S.p.A.

®

S.p.A. 2003.

Rev. 7/3.50 - March 2004. Code 074022002ML

This manual is composed of 186 pages.

ISDN TESTER AND

ANALYZER

D2000

USER’S MANUAL

The information contained in this document is the

property of Aethra

®

S.p.A., it is subject to change

without notice and it shall in no way be binding for

Aethra

®

S.p.A.

®

S.p.A. 2003.

Rev. 7/3.50 - March 2004. Code 074022002ML

This manual is composed of 186 pages.

USER’S MANUAL ISDN TESTER AND ANALYZER D2000

PRO

/D2000Lite/D2000

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT ........................................... 11

1.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 11

1.2. KEY 11

1.3. FUNCTIONAL FEATURES ...................................................... 12

1.4. FRONT PANEL FEATURES.................................................... 13

1.5. NETWORK CONNECTIONS ................................................... 14

1.5.1. AVAILABLE ACCESSES ................................................... 15

1.5.2. V/X INTERFACE (VX2000 OPTION)................................. 15

1.6. OPERATING MODES.............................................................. 16

1.7. COMMUNICATION PORTS AND CONNECTORS ................. 17

1.8. TURNING ON THE INSTRUMENT ......................................... 18

1.9. TURNING OFF THE INSTRUMENT........................................19

1.10. THE USER INTERFACE.......................................................... 19

1.10.1. KEYS.................................................................................. 19

1.10.2. THE G.U.I. STRUCTURE .................................................. 20

1.10.3. FIELDS............................................................................... 22

1.10.4. PERFORMING A TEST ..................................................... 22

2. PERFORMING AN AUTOMATIC TEST ...................................... 24

2.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 24

2.2. CHOOSING AN AUTOMATIC TEST ....................................... 25

2.3. PERFORMING AN ACCESS TEST......................................... 26

2.3.1. SETTING UP AN AUTOMATIC TEST ............................... 27

2.3.2. RUNNING AN AUTOMATIC ACCESS TEST .................... 27

2.4. PERFORMING AN X.25 ACCESS TEST ................................ 30

2.4.1. SETTING UP AN X.25 ACCESS TEST ............................. 30

2.4.2. RUNNING AN X.25 ACCESS TEST.................................. 31

3. PERFORMING A MANUAL TEST ............................................... 33

3.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 33

3.2. OPENING THE MANUAL TEST SCREEN .............................. 34

3.3. COMMON SETUP.................................................................... 36

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3.3.1. ISDN ACCESS................................................................... 37

3.3.2. UNFRAMED G.703 ACCESS ............................................ 40

3.3.3. POTS ACCESS.................................................................. 41

3.3.4. V/X ACCESS (VX2000 OPTION)....................................... 41

3.3.4.1. V.24 INTERFACE..............................................................43

3.3.4.2. G.703 CODIRECTIONAL INTERFACE............................44

3.3.5. FRAME RELAY (FR2K OPTION) ...................................... 44

3.4. PERFORMING A CALL TEST ................................................. 45

3.4.1. SETTING UP A CALL TEST .............................................. 46

3.4.2. SENDING A CALL ............................................................. 47

3.4.3. ANSWERING AN INCOMING CALL .................................48

3.4.3.1. POTS CONFIGURATION .................................................49

3.4.3.2. ISDN SLAVE PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION ...............50

3.4.3.3. ISDN MASTER PROTOCOL CONFIGURATION............50

3.4.4. CHECKING THE SUPPLEMENTARY SERVICES............ 51

3.5. BER TEST................................................................................ 53

3.5.1. SETTING UP A BER TEST................................................ 54

3.5.2. RUNNING A BER TEST ....................................................57

3.5.3. PERFORMING AN NX64K BER TEST..............................59

3.5.4. RUNNING A BER TEST OVER V/X INTERFACE............. 60

3.6. PERFORMING GENERATE TRAFFIC TEST .........................61

3.6.1. SETTING UP A GENERATE TRAFFIC TEST................... 61

3.6.2. RUNNING A GENERATE TRAFFIC TEST........................ 62

3.7. PERFORMING A U INTERFACE TEST (NT1-U ONLY) ......... 63

3.7.1. SETTING UP THE U INTERFACE TEST .......................... 64

3.7.2. RUNNING A U INTERFACE TEST.................................... 64

3.8. ACTING AS LOOP BOX .......................................................... 65

3.8.1. SETTING UP A LOOP BOX............................................... 66

3.8.2. SETTING UP A CALL-BACK ............................................. 66

3.8.3. RUNNING A LOOP BOX TEST ......................................... 68

3.9. TESTING THE X.25 ON THE D CHANNEL ............................68

3.9.1. SETTING UP AN X.25 ON D CHANNEL TEST................. 68

3.9.2. RUNNING AN X.25 ON D CHANNEL TEST ..................... 70

3.10. TESTING THE X.25 ON THE B CHANNEL.............................72

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3.10.1. SETTING UP AN X.25 ON B CHANNEL TEST................. 72

3.10.2. RUNNING AN X.25 ON B CHANNEL TEST...................... 74

3.11. IP PING TEST .......................................................................... 76

3.11.1. SETTING UP AN IP PING TEST ....................................... 77

3.11.2. RUNNING AN IP PING TEST ............................................ 78

3.12. IP GENERATE TRAFFIC......................................................... 80

3.12.1. SETTING UP AN IP GENERATE TRAFFIC TEST............ 80

3.12.2. RUNNING AN IP GENERATE TRAFFIC TEST................. 82

3.13. TONE GENERATOR AND MEASUREMENTS ....................... 83

3.13.1. SETTING UP A TONE GENERATOR AND MEASUREMENT

TEST 84

3.13.2. RUNNING A TONE GENERATOR AND MEASUREMENT

TEST 85

3.13.3. MEASURING THE B CHANNEL ROUND TRIP DELAY

(ECHO) 86

3.14. USING THE D1029N ADAPTER (NT1-S ONLY)..................... 88

3.15. LT-U SIMULATION (LT-U2K OPTION) ...................................88

3.16. S/T-BUS WIRING TEST (WT2000 OPTION) ..........................89

3.16.1. SETTING UP AN S/T-BUS WIRING TEST........................89

3.16.2. RUNNING AN S/T-BUS WIRING TEST ............................89

3.17. AT TERMINAL (TTY) TEST (V.24 ASYNCHRONOUS) .......... 90

3.17.1. SETTING UP AN AT TERMINAL (TTY) TEST .................. 91

3.17.2. RUNNING AN AT TERMINAL (TTY) TEST ....................... 92

4. PREDEFINED TESTS.................................................................. 94

4.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 94

4.2. SAVING A PREDEFINED TEST.............................................. 95

4.3. PERFORMING A PREDEFINED TEST................................... 96

4.3.1. DEFAULT PREDEFINED TEST ........................................ 97

4.4. DELETING A PREDEFINED TEST .........................................99

4.5. USING THE FAVORITES FEATURE ...................................... 100

5. USING THE INSTRUMENT FOR MONITORING........................ 102

5.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 102

5.2. SETTING UP FOR MONITORING........................................... 103

5.3. BRI-U MONITORING (D2022 OPTION) .................................. 105

5.4. START MONITORING ............................................................. 106

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5.4.1. MONITORING THE B CHANNEL...................................... 106

5.5. STOP MONITORING ............................................................... 108

5.6. SAVING THE TRACE .............................................................. 108

6. USING THE MULTIMEDIACARD (MMC2000 OPTION) ............. 110

6.1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 110

6.1.1. CONNECTION ................................................................... 110

6.2. FORMATTING THE MULTIMEDIACARD................................ 111

6.2.1. HOW TO FORMAT THE MULTIMEDIACARD WITH

MMCWIZARD.................................................................................... 111

6.3. SETTING UP THE MULTIMEDIACARD.................................. 112

6.4. UPLOADING THE FILE INTO THE PC ................................... 114

7. SMART STATUS.......................................................................... 116

7.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 116

7.2. B CHANNELS STATUS ........................................................... 117

7.2.1. RESTARTING B CHANNELS............................................ 119

7.2.2. B CHANNELS CONNECTION........................................... 120

7.3. PRIMARY ACCESS STATUS.................................................. 121

7.3.1. G.703 ACCESS.................................................................. 122

7.3.2. G.826.................................................................................. 123

7.4. BASIC ACCESS STATUS .......................................................124

7.5. V/X INTERFACE ACCESS STATUS (VX2000 OPTION)........ 124

7.6. FRAME RELAY PROTOCOL STATUS (FR2K OPTION)........ 126

7.7. READING THE POTS LINE STATUS...................................... 127

7.8. READING THE BATTERY STATUS........................................ 127

8. ANALYZING A MONITOR TRACE .............................................. 129

8.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 129

8.2. ANALYZING A TRACE ............................................................ 129

8.3. ANALYZING A TRACE IN OVERVIEW MODE ....................... 131

8.4. ANALYZING A TRACE IN FULL DECODING MODE ............. 132

8.5. ANALYZING A TRACE IN MIX DECODING MODE................ 134

8.6. ANALYZING A TRACE IN HEXADECIMAL DECODING MODE

135

8.7. INSERTING A CALL FILTER................................................... 135

9. STATISTICS................................................................................. 137

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10. CONFIGURING THE INSTRUMENT........................................... 141

10.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 141

10.2. OPENING THE CONFIGURATION MENU .............................141

10.3. USING THE PHONEBOOK .....................................................141

10.4. ADJUSTING THE VOLUME ....................................................143

10.5. CHANGING THE AUDIO CONNECTION................................ 143

10.6. CHANGING THE INFORMATION LANGUAGE ...................... 143

10.7. SETTING THE DATE AND TIME............................................. 144

10.8. CHANGING THE BAUD RATE ................................................ 144

10.9. SELF DIAGNOSTICS............................................................... 144

10.10. SHOW VERSION NUMBER .................................................... 146

10.11. BATTERY MANAGEMENT...................................................... 146

10.12. CHANGING THE CONTRAST................................................. 146

10.13. SCREEN SAVER MANAGEMENT .......................................... 146

10.14. TEST PROGRAMMING ........................................................... 147

10.14.1. AUTOMATIC BACKGROUND MONITOR ......................... 148

10.14.2. SELF SWITCHING OFF .................................................... 149

11. USING MEMORY, PRINTER AND PC ........................................ 150

11.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 150

11.2. SAVING TEST RESULTS........................................................ 150

11.3. VIEWING TEST RESULTS...................................................... 151

11.4. PRINTING TEST RESULTS OR MONITORED TRACES....... 152

11.5. USING “PC108 FOR WINDOWS

TM

” SOFTWARE................... 153

12. MAINTAINING THE INSTRUMENT ............................................. 154

12.1. ABOUT THIS CHAPTER ......................................................... 154

12.2. CLEANING AND STORAGE.................................................... 154

12.2.1. CLEANING THE INSTRUMENT........................................ 154

12.2.2. STORING THE INSTRUMENT .......................................... 154

12.3. BATTERIES .............................................................................154

12.3.1. CHARGING THE BATTERIES........................................... 154

12.3.2. EXTENDING BATTERY OPERATING TIME..................... 155

12.3.3. DIMMING THE BACKLIGHT.............................................. 155

12.3.4. REPLACING THE NIMH BATTERY PACK .......................156

12.4. DISPLAY .................................................................................. 157

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12.4.1. PROTECTIVE LABEL ........................................................ 157

12.5. ORDERING CODES ................................................................ 157

12.6. TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................. 159

12.6.1. THE INSTRUMENT DOES NOT START UP..................... 159

12.6.2. THE SCREEN REMAINS BLACK...................................... 159

12.6.3. BATTERIES OPERATE LESS THAN THREE HOURS ....159

12.6.4. THE SOFTWARE DOES NOT RECOGNIZE THE

INSTRUMENT ................................................................................... 159

12.6.5. THE PRINTER DOES NOT PRINT ................................... 160

13. SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................ 161

13.1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................... 161

13.1.1. SAFETY CHARACTERISTICS .......................................... 161

13.1.2. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS ............................ 161

13.1.3. ENVIRONMENTAL DATA.................................................. 161

13.2. COMPLIANCE.......................................................................... 161

13.3. BASIC RATE ............................................................................ 162

13.4. PRIMARY RATE ...................................................................... 163

13.5. V/X ACCESS (VX2000 OPTION)............................................. 163

13.6. POTS ACCESS (AB2000 OPTION)......................................... 164

13.7. PROTOCOLS........................................................................... 165

13.8. POWER WITH INTERNAL BATTERIES .................................166

13.9. POWER WITH EXTERNAL ADAPTER ................................... 166

13.10. MISCELLANEOUS................................................................... 167

13.11. DATA CONNECTION ..............................................................168

13.12. USE AND STORAGE CONDITIONS....................................... 168

13.13. REFERENCE REGULATIONS (RELIABILITY TESTS)........... 169

8 TABLE OF CONTENTS

USER’S MANUAL ISDN TESTER AND ANALYZER D2000

PRO

/D2000Lite/D2000

SAFETY RULES

The change from cold to hot environments can cause the formation

of condense inside the device. To avoid malfunctioning, wait at least

2 hours before connecting the device to the supply mains.

Warning: for power supply connection use an easily accessible outlet

located near the device.

Never remove the mains plug for permanent connection.

WARNING: RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

The power supply used by this device involves lethal voltage levels.

Do not access internal parts of the device (and/or of the power supply

unit).

If objects or liquids penetrate inside the device, immediately

disconnect the power supply cable. Before using the device again,

have it checked by specialized staff.

Refer to qualified staff for service.

In case of intervention, always check that the power supply has been

completely and successfully disconnected.

In case of fire, absolutely avoid using water to extinguish it.

SAFETY RULES

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WARNINGS

CAUTION:

Many of the components used in this device are sensitive to

electrostatic charge.

In case of manipulation of the connection cables, disconnect the

power supply and avoid direct contacts with the connector

terminals.

When handling electronic components, to eliminate any static

electricity touch a grounded surface. If possible, wear a grounding

armband.

Failure to comply with these warnings could cause permanent

damage to device.

Connect the measurement cable of the U interface to the

instrument connector and then to the telecommunication line to

avoid accidental contacts with live parts of the TNV circuits.

To guarantee continuous protection for operator safety, only use

the mains adapter supplied with the instrument.

CLEANING

To clean the device use a soft cloth either dry or soaked with little

detergent. Never use any type of solvents, such as alcohol or

gasoline, to avoid damaging the finish.

10 SAFETY RULES

USER’S MANUAL ISDN TESTER AND ANALYZER D2000

PRO

/D2000Lite/D2000

1. INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

1.1. About this Chapter

This chapter describes the features of the Testers and Analyzers D2000

PRO

, D2000

and D2000Lite, for ISDN lines.

► Front panel

► Top case with network connections

► Side of the instrument with communication ports and connectors

Next you will find instructions on how to turn on and off the instrument and on the

operation of the user interface.

1.2. Key

In this manual have been placed some symbols characterizing the devices took into

consideration in the whole document. The Devices are:

D2000

PRO

WAN/DATACOM tester for ISDN Basic and Primary access.

D2000Lite

ISDN tester for Basic and Primary access.

D2000

ISDN tester for Basic access.

At the beginning of each paragraph, will be placed a key that will allow the user to

characterize immediately which, among the testers listed above, implement the

features contained into the paragraph in question.

You may find a specific symbol also inside a paragraph, for instance in precedence

of a setup’s item. It means that, according to the symbol found, that item is or is not

available for the device indicated.

The key is displayed as follows:

This symbol means that the features contained into the

paragraph are available for tester D2000

PRO

.

This symbol means that the features contained into the

paragraph are available for tester D2000Lite.

This symbol means that the features contained into the

paragraph are available for tester D2000.

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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This symbol means that the features contained into the

paragraph are not available for the relative tester. In this case

D2000.

All the images illustrated in this manual are referred to the

D2000

PRO

Tester and Analyzer.

1.3. Functional features

The following table summarizes the main characteristics of the three devices in

analysis:

Table 1-1

12 CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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1.4. Front Panel Features

Refer to Fig. 1-1 for a description of the front panel controls and displays.

Fig. 1-1 Front Panel

c

LCD Screen

Displays all menus, data, and results. Where necessary, the screen

also displays messages in reversed video.

d

LED indicators

The LED indicators are grouped as follows:

► RUN, indicate that a test is in progress.

► Three LED’s to indicate the operating mode over Primary Access

(PRI) or over VX datacom interface.

► Six LED’s to indicate the operating mode over Basic Access

(BRI).

► Three LED’s to indicate a layer 1, 2, or 3 activity.

e

Arrow keys

Use these keys to move the cursor in all directions or scroll through

pages when prompted.

Use the right arrow key to choose when prompted.

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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f

Alphanumeric keypad

Use these keys to input telephone numbers and alphanumeric data.

g

Microphone

Use this internal microphone to make voice calls.

h

Loudspeaker (on rear side)

Use this internal loudspeaker to hear voice calls. You can adjust the

speaker volume to your preference. See chapter 10.

1.5. Network connections

Three RJ45 connectors are located at the top of the instrument. Use one of these

connectors at a time to connect the instrument to a network reference point via a

network cable. Depending on the reference point, you must use one of network

cables supplied with the instrument. Refer to Fig. 1-2 for a description of the top

case.

Fig. 1-2 Top Case with Network Connections

E1

Use this connector for all simulation tests or monitoring on the E1

interface (Primary Rate, only for D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite).

S/T

Use this connector for all simulation tests or monitoring on the S or

T interface (Basic Rate).

U

Use this connector for all simulation tests on the U interface (Basic

Rate).

14 CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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1.5.1. Available accesses

Listed below, the type of interfaces supported by the devices:

ACCESS DESCRIPTION

BRI

Basic Access 2B+D over Uko/So/To according to ETS

300 012 – ITU-T I.430 – ETR 080 standards.

PRI (CRC4)

Primary Access 30B+D over S2/T2 with CRC4 control

according to ETS 300 011, G.704 standards. (Only for

D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite).

PRI

Primary Access 30B+D over S2/T2 according to ETS

300 011, G.704 standards, without CRC4 control. (Only

for D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite).

Unframed

G.703

2Mbit access with line code G.703 in UNFRAMED mode.

(Only for D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite).

V/X

Access over synchronous interface according to V.35 -

V.36 - V.11 (X.21) - V.24 - CODIRECTIONAL standards.

(Only for D2000

PRO

).

POTS

Access over analog telephone line with 2 wires physical

interface. (Only for D2000

PRO

and D2000).

Accesses BRI, PRI (CRC4) and PRI support signalling protocols over D channel at

common channel (CCS) as reported in specification, moreover, the same interfaces

support LEASED connections (e.g. PCM30, PCM30CRC, PCM31, PCM31CRC).

1.5.2. V/X Interface (VX2000 Option)

With the VX2000 option, the D2000

PRO

is able to perform tests over WAN/datacom

lines with a bit rate up to 2.048 Mbit/s.

Thanks to the possibility to emulate both DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) and DCE

(Data Communications Equipment), the D2000

PRO

allows to carry out quality tests,

bit error rate (BER), in end-to-end mode over datacom line, or checks toward the

User’s DTE (CSU, router, or other WAN equipment).

The criteria monitoring and the possibility to manage local loops (LL), allow to

extend controls over datacom line.

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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The interfaces supported with VX2000 option are: V.35, V.36, V.11 (X.21), V.24 e

CODIRECTIONAL.

Fig. 1-3

In order to connect to the line, use the appropriate cable

according to the selected mode. In order to operate correctly,

first connect the cable, then configure the device.

1.6. Operating modes

The table below, shows the operating modes available on the test equipment. Some

of that requires a specific option.

PRIMARY RATE (only for D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite)

TE-E1

The instrument simulates a Terminal Equipment on the

E1 interface.

MON-E1

The instrument monitors the E1 interface in high impedance.

See chapter 5.

NT-E1

The instrument simulates a Network Termination on the

E1 interface.

BASIC RATE

TE-S

The instrument simulates a Terminal Equipment on the S/T

interface.

MON-S

The instrument monitors the S/T interface in high impedance.

See chapter 5.

NT-S

The instrument simulates a Network Termination on the S/T

interface.

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NT-U

The instrument simulates a Network Termination on the

U interface.

MON-U The instrument monitors on the U interface. See Chapter 5,

(only for D2000

PRO

and D2000Lite).

LT-U

The instrument simulates the exchange Line Termination on the

U interface for tests towards a user NT.

Table 1-2 Instrument Modes

In Appendix B is reported the information about how to connect

the test equipment to the line using the specific options.

1.7. Communication ports and connectors

Refer to Fig. 1-4 for the available ports and connectors.

Fig. 1-4 Side of the Instrument

POWER IN

Connection for the AC/DC adapter supplied with the

instrument.

Warning

To avoid electrical shock, use only Aethra

®

adapter, model

531000971.

POWER OUT

Connection for external accessory power plug.

Warning

To avoid electrical shock, use only Aethra

®

accessories.

HANDSET

Connection for an external telephone handset.

RS 232

Serial port for interfacing with a PC or printer via a

standard RS 232 cable.

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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ISDN TESTER AND ANALYZER D2000

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V11

V.11 port for interfacing with the B channel via a standard

ISO4904 cable. (Only for D2000

PRO

and D2000).

1.8. Turning on the Instrument

To power the instrument from a standard AC outlet, perform the steps below. For

battery power information, refer to chapter 12.

1

Plug the AC/DC adapter in the AC outlet.

2

Connect the AC/DC adapter to the POWER IN plug of the

instrument. See Fig. 1-5.

Fig. 1-5 Powering the Instrument

3

Turn the instrument on. The opening screen appears on

the display.

18 CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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PRO

/D2000Lite/D2000

The opening screen shows the time and date.

If the instrument does not turn on, the batteries may be dead.

Leave the instrument connected to the outlet for 15 minutes and

try again.

4

Continue. The TEST MENU appears on the display.

Now you can choose to perform one of the following tests:

► Automatic tests. See chapter 2.

► Manual tests. See chapter 3.

► Predefined tests. see chapter 4.

1.9. Turning off the Instrument

Hold it pressed for min. 2 seconds to turn the instrument

off.

1.10. The user interface

The instrument is provided with a newly designed GUI (Graphic User Interface) for

easy, immediate operation.

1.10.1. Keys

Opens the main menu and selects the type of test from

predefined, automatic or manual tests.

Enables to analyse signalling messages captured through

the instrument directly on the instrument screen. See

chapter 8.

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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Exits from a menu.

Scrolls through pages and fields of the graphic interface.

Confirms an insertion field or activates the function

associated with a softkey.

Display page 1 of the available information on the

instrument and line status.

Enables to view saved test results. See chapter 8.

Enables to configure the instrument. See chapter 10.

Enables to enter telephone numbers, alphanumeric data

and send DTMF tones. See § 3.4.2.

The instrument is also provided with a series of virtual keys (softkeys) that appear on

the left side of the page and change their meaning according to the test status or

requirement.

Selects a softkey.

Activates the function associated with the softkey.

1.10.2. The G.U.I. structure

The various pages of the G.U.I. use the same graphic symbols and keys for

navigation. The first line of each page indicates the page title and gives information

on the instrument and test status.

20 CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCING THE INSTRUMENT

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