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PowerSwitch S4048-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User manual

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Dell Configuration Guide for the S4048–ON
System
9.10(0.0)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the
problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2016 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. This product is protected by U.S. and international copyright and intellectual property laws. Dell and the
Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be
trademarks of their respective companies.
2016 - 04
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide.................................................................................................................................................... 33
Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions.............................................................................................................................................................. 33
Related Documents................................................................................................................................................. 33
2 Configuration Fundamentals..............................................................................................................................34
Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 34
Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................36
The do Command....................................................................................................................................................38
Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................... 39
Obtaining Help..........................................................................................................................................................39
Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................40
Command History.................................................................................................................................................... 41
Filtering show Command Outputs....................................................................................................................... 41
Example of the grep Keyword..........................................................................................................................41
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.................................................................................................................42
3 Getting Started...................................................................................................................................................... 43
Console Access........................................................................................................................................................ 44
Serial Console..................................................................................................................................................... 44
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH..........................................................................45
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection...................................................................................45
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................45
Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................46
Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the System Remotely...........................................................................................................................46
Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 46
Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................47
Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................47
Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................ 47
Configuring the Enable Password........................................................................................................................ 48
Configuration File Management........................................................................................................................... 48
Copy Files to and from the System................................................................................................................ 48
Mounting an NFS File System.......................................................................................................................... 49
Save the Running-Configuration.....................................................................................................................51
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario......................................................................................51
Viewing Files.........................................................................................................................................................51
Compressing Configuration Files....................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System....................................................................................................................................... 55
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.............................................................55
View Command History..........................................................................................................................................56
Upgrading Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................................56
Contents
3
Verify Software Images Before Installation.........................................................................................................56
Using HTTP for File Transfers.................................................................................................................................57
4 Management.......................................................................................................................................................... 59
Configuring Privilege Levels...................................................................................................................................59
Creating a Custom Privilege Level..................................................................................................................59
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 60
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode.............................................................60
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands........................................................................ 60
Allowing Access to Different Modes.............................................................................................................. 60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 62
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 62
Configuring Logging................................................................................................................................................62
Audit and Security Logs.....................................................................................................................................63
Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 64
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..................................................................... 65
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................66
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................. 67
Track Login Activity..................................................................................................................................................67
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..........................................................................................................67
Configuring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................... 67
Display Login Statistics...................................................................................................................................... 68
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 69
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................69
Configuring Concurrent Session Limit...........................................................................................................70
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions...........................................................................................70
Log Messages in the Internal Buffer......................................................................................................................71
Configuration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................ 71
Disabling System Logging....................................................................................................................................... 71
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................71
Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.............................................................................................71
Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................72
Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................................73
Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level..........................................................................................................73
Synchronizing Log Messages.................................................................................................................................74
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages...........................................................................................................75
File Transfer Services................................................................................................................................................75
Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................ 75
Enabling the FTP Server.....................................................................................................................................76
Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................76
Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 76
Terminal Lines............................................................................................................................................................77
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................77
Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................ 78
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...........................................................................................................79
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device...............................................................................................80
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.............................................................................................................................. 80
9.10(0.0)
4
Viewing the Configuration Lock Status......................................................................................................... 80
Reloading the system...............................................................................................................................................81
Restoring the Factory Default Settings................................................................................................................ 82
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................82
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.......................................................................................82
5 802.1ag....................................................................................................................................................................84
Ethernet CFM............................................................................................................................................................ 84
Maintenance Domains............................................................................................................................................ 85
Maintenance Points................................................................................................................................................. 85
Maintenance End Points......................................................................................................................................... 86
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................87
Configuring the CFM............................................................................................................................................... 87
Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 87
Enable Ethernet CFM............................................................................................................................................... 87
Creating a Maintenance Domain.......................................................................................................................... 87
Creating a Maintenance Association....................................................................................................................88
Create Maintenance Points....................................................................................................................................88
Creating a Maintenance End Point.................................................................................................................88
Creating a Maintenance Intermediate Point.................................................................................................89
Displaying the MP Databases...........................................................................................................................89
Continuity Check Messages...................................................................................................................................90
Enabling CCM......................................................................................................................................................91
Enabling Cross-Checking................................................................................................................................. 91
Sending Loopback Messages and Responses....................................................................................................92
Sending Linktrace Messages and Responses..................................................................................................... 92
Caching Link Trace.............................................................................................................................................93
Enabling CFM SNMP Traps.....................................................................................................................................94
Displaying Ethernet CFM Statistics....................................................................................................................... 95
6 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................................96
Port-Authentication Process................................................................................................................................. 98
EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................ 99
Configuring 802.1X................................................................................................................................................100
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................100
Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 100
Enabling 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................101
Configuring dot1x Profile .....................................................................................................................................102
Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile................................................................................................ 103
Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................. 103
Configuring Critical VLAN ................................................................................................................................... 104
Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................. 105
Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication........................................................................105
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................. 106
Re-Authenticating a Port...................................................................................................................................... 107
Configuring Timeouts........................................................................................................................................... 108
Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication............................................................ 109
Contents
5
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs................................................................................................................110
Configuring a Guest VLAN..............................................................................................................................110
Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................... 110
7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................... 112
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs......................................................112
Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................. 113
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...................................113
Configuring ACL VLAN Groups...................................................................................................................... 113
Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................................................................. 114
Viewing CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................... 115
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes..........................................................................................................116
8 Access Control Lists (ACLs)................................................................................................................................118
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..............................................................................................................................119
CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................120
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................. 120
Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................122
Configuration Task List for Route Maps.......................................................................................................122
Configuring Match Routes..............................................................................................................................124
Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................ 125
Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution......................................................................................126
Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................. 127
Continue Clause................................................................................................................................................127
IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................ 127
IP Fragments ACL Examples...........................................................................................................................128
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.......................................................................................................................... 128
Configure a Standard IP ACL................................................................................................................................129
Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................130
Configure an Extended IP ACL.............................................................................................................................131
Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................131
Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................................132
Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs.................................................................................................................. 133
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface......................................................................................................................... 133
Applying an IP ACL................................................................................................................................................. 133
Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................134
Configure Ingress ACLs.........................................................................................................................................134
Configure Egress ACLs.......................................................................................................................................... 135
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................136
IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................136
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................... 137
Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists......................................................................................................... 137
ACL Resequencing.................................................................................................................................................140
Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List.............................................................................................................. 141
Route Maps.............................................................................................................................................................. 142
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................142
Logging of ACL Processes....................................................................................................................................142
9.10(0.0)
6
Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging.....................................................................................................143
Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................... 144
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................................144
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................145
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................146
Configuring UDF ACL............................................................................................................................................ 147
9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................... 150
How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................150
BFD Packet Format........................................................................................................................................... 151
BFD Sessions......................................................................................................................................................152
BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 153
Session State Changes.....................................................................................................................................155
Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................155
Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................155
Configure BFD for Physical Ports..................................................................................................................156
Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 159
Configure BFD for OSPF..................................................................................................................................161
Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 164
Configure BFD for IS-IS...................................................................................................................................165
Configure BFD for BGP....................................................................................................................................167
Configure BFD for VRRP..................................................................................................................................174
Configuring Protocol Liveness.......................................................................................................................176
Troubleshooting BFD.......................................................................................................................................176
10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................... 178
Autonomous Systems (AS)....................................................................................................................................178
Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................180
Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................ 181
Route Reflectors......................................................................................................................................................181
BGP Attributes.........................................................................................................................................................182
Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................ 183
Weight................................................................................................................................................................. 185
Local Preference...............................................................................................................................................185
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...................................................................................................................185
Origin...................................................................................................................................................................186
AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 187
Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................187
Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................187
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................188
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support............................................................................................................. 188
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................... 188
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation................................................................................................ 189
Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................189
AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................189
AS Number Migration.......................................................................................................................................191
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)...............................................................................................193
Contents
7
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................193
Configuration Information................................................................................................................................... 194
BGP Configuration................................................................................................................................................. 194
Enabling BGP..................................................................................................................................................... 195
Configuring AS4 Number Representations.................................................................................................198
Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................199
Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over....................................................................................................................202
Configuring Passive Peering.......................................................................................................................... 203
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration..................................................................... 204
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path............................................................................ 205
Enabling Graceful Restart...............................................................................................................................206
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................207
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.................................................................................................................. 207
Regular Expressions as Filters........................................................................................................................208
Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................210
Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 210
Configuring IP Community Lists....................................................................................................................211
Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 212
Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 213
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................... 213
Changing MED Attributes................................................................................................................................215
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................215
Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute..............................................................................................................216
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute................................................................................................................... 216
Enabling Multipath............................................................................................................................................217
Filtering BGP Routes.........................................................................................................................................217
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps......................................................................................................218
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information....................................................................................219
Configuring BGP Route Reflectors............................................................................................................... 219
Aggregating Routes......................................................................................................................................... 220
Configuring BGP Confederations.................................................................................................................220
Enabling Route Flap Dampening...................................................................................................................221
Changing BGP Timers..................................................................................................................................... 223
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.......................................................................................... 224
Route Map Continue........................................................................................................................................225
Enabling MBGP Configurations...........................................................................................................................225
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................. 226
Debugging BGP......................................................................................................................................................226
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.............................................................................................................................227
Capturing PDUs................................................................................................................................................ 228
PDU Counters................................................................................................................................................... 229
Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 229
11 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................................................................................................ 235
CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 235
Test CAM Usage......................................................................................................................................................237
View CAM-ACL Settings........................................................................................................................................237
9.10(0.0)
8
View CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................... 239
CAM Optimization..................................................................................................................................................239
Troubleshoot CAM Profiling................................................................................................................................ 239
CAM Profile Mismatches.................................................................................................................................239
QoS CAM Region Limitation..........................................................................................................................240
12 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................241
Configure Control Plane Policing.......................................................................................................................243
Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................... 243
Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 245
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.............................................................................................................................. 246
Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................249
Displaying CoPP Configuration ................................................................................................................... 250
13 Data Center Bridging (DCB)............................................................................................................................ 252
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................252
Priority-Based Flow Control...........................................................................................................................253
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................254
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................................... 255
Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.........................................................................................................256
Enabling Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................................256
DCB Maps and its Attributes...........................................................................................................................257
Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.................................................................................................. 258
Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................... 258
Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 259
Configuring PFC in a DCB Map...........................................................................................................................260
PFC Configuration Notes............................................................................................................................... 260
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................... 261
Applying a DCB Map on a Port............................................................................................................................ 261
Configuring PFC without a DCB Map................................................................................................................262
Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:....................................................................................................... 262
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................... 264
Pause and Resume of Traffic.........................................................................................................................264
Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.....................................................................................................264
Behavior of Tagged Packets................................................................................................................................ 265
Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities......................................................................................265
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic.........................................................................................266
Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection..................................................................................................266
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................... 266
Creating an ETS Priority Group..................................................................................................................... 266
ETS Operation with DCBx.............................................................................................................................. 268
Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.....................................................................................268
Configuring ETS in a DCB Map..................................................................................................................... 269
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.............................................................................................. 270
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..........................................................................................271
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................... 271
Configure a DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................... 271
Contents
9
DCBx Operation................................................................................................................................................ 271
DCBx Port Roles................................................................................................................................................272
DCB Configuration Exchange........................................................................................................................273
Configuration Source Election...................................................................................................................... 273
Propagation of DCB Information..................................................................................................................274
Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version......................................................... 274
DCBx Example...................................................................................................................................................275
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................ 275
Configuring DCBx.............................................................................................................................................275
Verifying the DCB Configuration........................................................................................................................ 279
QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment............................................................................. 288
Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method......................................................................................................... 289
Sample DCB Configuration................................................................................................................................. 290
PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.....................................................................................291
14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................292
DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................292
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...................................................................................................................... 294
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 295
Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.....................................................................................................295
Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................... 296
Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................297
Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution.......................................................................................... 298
Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................................... 298
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................................ 298
Creating Manual Binding Entries...................................................................................................................298
Debugging the DHCP Server.........................................................................................................................299
Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 299
Configure the System to be a Relay Agent.......................................................................................................299
Configure the System to be a DHCP Client......................................................................................................301
Configuring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................... 301
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................. 302
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................................303
Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)......................................................................... 304
Configure Secure DHCP...................................................................................................................................... 304
Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................304
DHCP Snooping............................................................................................................................................... 305
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................................308
Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................................ 309
Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection..........................................................................................................310
Source Address Validation.....................................................................................................................................311
Enabling IP Source Address Validation......................................................................................................... 311
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................312
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.............................................................................................312
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.......................................................................................... 312
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................313
9.10(0.0)
10
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................ 314
ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity..............................................................................................................................314
Configuring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................... 314
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop......................................................................................................314
Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed......................................................................................................... 315
Link Bundle Monitoring......................................................................................................................................... 315
Managing ECMP Group Paths........................................................................................................................316
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..................................................................................................................316
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold........................................................................................................316
RTAG7........................................................................................................................................................................317
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP........................................................................................................................... 318
16 FIP Snooping...................................................................................................................................................... 321
Fibre Channel over Ethernet................................................................................................................................ 321
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.................................................................................. 321
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges......................................................................................................................323
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................... 325
Using FIP Snooping................................................................................................................................................325
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.............................................................................................................................325
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 325
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................... 326
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.....................................................................................................................326
Configure the FC-MAP Value.........................................................................................................................327
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.............................................................................................327
Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................. 327
Impact on Other Software Features............................................................................................................. 327
FIP Snooping Restrictions...............................................................................................................................328
Configuring FIP Snooping.............................................................................................................................. 328
Displaying FIP Snooping Information................................................................................................................ 329
FCoE Transit Configuration Example.................................................................................................................334
17 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................ 336
Configuration Tasks...............................................................................................................................................336
Preparing the System............................................................................................................................................ 336
Enabling FIPS Mode............................................................................................................................................... 337
Generating Host-Keys........................................................................................................................................... 337
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...............................................................................................................................337
Disabling FIPS Mode..............................................................................................................................................338
18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................339
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 339
Ring Status.........................................................................................................................................................340
Multiple FRRP Rings.........................................................................................................................................340
Important FRRP Points.....................................................................................................................................341
Important FRRP Concepts..............................................................................................................................342
Implementing FRRP...............................................................................................................................................343
Contents
11
FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 343
Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 343
Configuring the Control VLAN......................................................................................................................344
Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................. 345
Setting the FRRP Timers................................................................................................................................. 346
Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 346
Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................346
Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 346
Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 347
Configuration Checks......................................................................................................................................347
Sample Configuration and Topology.................................................................................................................347
19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...................................................................................................349
Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................................349
Configure GVRP..................................................................................................................................................... 350
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................350
Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................ 351
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................351
Configure GVRP Registration...............................................................................................................................351
Configure a GARP Timer.......................................................................................................................................352
RPM Redundancy................................................................................................................................................... 352
20 High Availability (HA)....................................................................................................................................... 354
Component Redundancy.....................................................................................................................................354
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................. 354
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...................................................................355
Forcing an Stack Unit Failover....................................................................................................................... 355
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.................................................................................................................356
Disabling Auto-Reboot................................................................................................................................... 356
Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units......................................................................356
Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot...................................................................................................................... 356
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit..................................................................................................... 357
Hitless Behavior...................................................................................................................................................... 357
Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 357
Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................358
Software Component Health Monitoring................................................................................................... 358
System Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................................358
Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 358
Hot-Lock Behavior.................................................................................................................................................359
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................................................360
IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................360
IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................360
IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 360
IGMP Version 3................................................................................................................................................. 362
Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................364
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................365
9.10(0.0)
12
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces.......................................................................................................................365
Selecting an IGMP Version...................................................................................................................................365
Viewing IGMP Groups...........................................................................................................................................366
Adjusting Timers.....................................................................................................................................................366
Adjusting Query and Response Timers....................................................................................................... 366
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.......................................................................................................... 367
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................370
IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................370
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................370
Configuring IGMP Snooping..........................................................................................................................370
Removing a Group-Port Association............................................................................................................371
Disabling Multicast Flooding...........................................................................................................................371
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................. 371
Configuring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................... 372
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................................... 372
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications...............................................................372
Protocol Separation......................................................................................................................................... 373
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection..........................................................374
Handling of Management Route Configuration........................................................................................ 375
Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic..............................................................................................................375
Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic............................................................................................................376
Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)...........................................................................................377
Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type......................................................................... 377
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ................................................................378
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .............................................................. 379
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.......................................................................................... 380
Designating a Multicast Router Interface......................................................................................................... 380
22 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................381
Basic Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 381
Advanced Interface Configuration......................................................................................................................381
Interface Types....................................................................................................................................................... 382
View Basic Interface Information........................................................................................................................382
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State......................................................................................... 384
Enabling a Physical Interface...............................................................................................................................384
Physical Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 385
Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................385
Overview of Layer Modes...............................................................................................................................385
Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.........................................................................................................386
Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................386
Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.......................................................................................................... 386
Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................387
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...........................................................................................................................388
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 388
Configuring EIS.................................................................................................................................................388
Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................................388
Configuring Management Interfaces...........................................................................................................388
Contents
13
Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.................................................................... 390
VLAN Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................391
Loopback Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................. 391
Null Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................392
Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................392
Port Channel Definition and Standards....................................................................................................... 392
Port Channel Benefits......................................................................................................................................392
Port Channel Implementation.......................................................................................................................393
Interfaces in Port Channels............................................................................................................................393
Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................394
Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 394
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................................... 394
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................... 396
Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................397
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................397
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................398
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 398
Load Balancing Through Port Channels..................................................................................................... 399
Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................399
Bulk Configuration................................................................................................................................................ 400
Interface Range................................................................................................................................................ 400
Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................400
Defining Interface Range Macros.......................................................................................................................402
Define the Interface Range............................................................................................................................402
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..........................................................................................................402
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................. 402
Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 403
Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers........................................................................................................................ 404
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................................... 404
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..........................................................................405
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................405
Example Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................406
Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................... 407
Link Dampening..................................................................................................................................................... 407
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 407
Enabling Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................. 408
Link Bundle Monitoring........................................................................................................................................ 409
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................................. 410
Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 410
Configure the MTU Size on an Interface........................................................................................................... 411
Port-Pipes................................................................................................................................................................ 412
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces......................................................................................................... 412
Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................412
Set Auto-Negotiation Options.......................................................................................................................414
View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................... 414
Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.....................................................................................................415
Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................. 416
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Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................416
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)................................................................................................................. 418
Configuring IPSec ................................................................................................................................................. 418
24 IPv4 Routing......................................................................................................................................................420
IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................421
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................421
Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................421
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.............................................................................................................. 421
Configuring Static Routes.................................................................................................................................... 422
Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface............................................................................... 423
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...................................................................................................................424
Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages....................................................................... 424
Configuring the ICMP Source Interface......................................................................................................424
Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................ 425
Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................................... 425
Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................................................... 425
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................426
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................... 426
Configuring DNS with Traceroute......................................................................................................................427
ARP............................................................................................................................................................................ 427
Configuration Tasks for ARP................................................................................................................................428
Configuring Static ARP Entries............................................................................................................................428
Enabling Proxy ARP............................................................................................................................................... 428
Clearing ARP Cache.............................................................................................................................................. 429
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP........................................................................................................................429
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.......................................................................................................429
ARP Learning via ARP Request............................................................................................................................ 430
Configuring ARP Retries....................................................................................................................................... 430
ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................431
Configuration Tasks for ICMP..............................................................................................................................431
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages..............................................................................................................431
UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................................432
Configure UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................... 432
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 432
Enabling UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................432
Configuring a Broadcast Address....................................................................................................................... 432
Configurations Using UDP Helper......................................................................................................................433
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.......................................................................................................433
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................... 434
UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses....................................................................................... 434
UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................435
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................. 435
25 IPv6 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 436
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................436
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Extended Address Space.................................................................................................................................437
Stateless Autoconfiguration........................................................................................................................... 437
IPv6 Headers......................................................................................................................................................437
IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................438
Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................. 440
Addressing..........................................................................................................................................................441
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................442
ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 443
Path MTU Discovery..............................................................................................................................................444
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery......................................................................................................................................444
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets..................................................................................................445
Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS............................................................................................................445
Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server...............................................................................................445
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ...........................................................................446
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.............................................................................................................446
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................447
Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................................... 447
Adjusting Your CAM-Profile........................................................................................................................... 447
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface..................................................................................................448
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................ 449
Configuring Telnet with IPv6.........................................................................................................................449
SNMP over IPv6................................................................................................................................................ 449
Displaying IPv6 Information...........................................................................................................................450
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information....................................................................................................450
Showing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 451
Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface............................................................................. 452
Clearing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 453
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................453
Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface............................................................................................... 455
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..............................................................................................................................455
26 iSCSI Optimization........................................................................................................................................... 456
iSCSI Optimization Overview.............................................................................................................................. 456
Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................................457
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows...........................................................................458
Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................................................ 458
Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................. 459
Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays................................................................459
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer....................................................460
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................460
Default iSCSI Optimization Values......................................................................................................................461
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.........................................................................................................................461
Configuring iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................... 461
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information......................................................................................................463
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................465
IS-IS Protocol Overview....................................................................................................................................... 465
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IS-IS Addressing......................................................................................................................................................465
Multi-Topology IS-IS.............................................................................................................................................466
Transition Mode............................................................................................................................................... 466
Interface Support..............................................................................................................................................467
Adjacencies........................................................................................................................................................467
Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................467
Timers................................................................................................................................................................. 467
Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................468
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................468
Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................469
Configuring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................... 476
Changing the IS-Type......................................................................................................................................477
Redistributing IPv4 Routes............................................................................................................................. 479
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................480
Configuring Authentication Passwords....................................................................................................... 481
Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................481
Debugging IS-IS............................................................................................................................................... 482
IS-IS Metric Styles.................................................................................................................................................. 483
Configure Metric Values.......................................................................................................................................483
Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................483
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................483
Leaks from One Level to Another.................................................................................................................485
Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 486
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................................................. 488
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP........................................................................................................ 488
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................488
LACP Modes......................................................................................................................................................489
Configuring LACP Commands......................................................................................................................489
LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 490
Creating a LAG..................................................................................................................................................490
Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................................490
Setting the LACP Long Timeout....................................................................................................................491
Monitoring and Debugging LACP................................................................................................................. 491
Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................................................492
Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................492
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................493
LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 494
Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................................... 494
29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................503
Manage the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................503
Clearing the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................. 503
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................. 503
Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................................... 504
Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................504
MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................................... 504
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Setting the MAC Learning Limit.....................................................................................................................505
mac learning-limit Dynamic.......................................................................................................................... 505
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky...................................................................................................... 505
mac learning-limit station-move..................................................................................................................506
mac learning-limit no-station-move...........................................................................................................506
Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................... 506
Setting Station Move Violation Actions........................................................................................................507
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................... 507
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System...................................................................................... 508
NIC Teaming...........................................................................................................................................................508
Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................509
Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs..............................................................................511
Far-End Failure Detection.....................................................................................................................................512
FEFD State Changes......................................................................................................................................... 513
Configuring FEFD..............................................................................................................................................514
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.......................................................................................................................514
Debugging FEFD............................................................................................................................................... 515
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)........................................................................................................... 517
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview......................................................................................................................................517
Protocol Data Units.......................................................................................................................................... 517
Optional TLVs..........................................................................................................................................................518
Management TLVs............................................................................................................................................519
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview........................................................................................................................ 520
TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs................................................................................................................521
Configure LLDP...................................................................................................................................................... 524
Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 525
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 525
LLDP Compatibility...........................................................................................................................................525
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................525
Enabling LLDP.........................................................................................................................................................526
Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................... 526
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................................................526
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................526
Advertising TLVs......................................................................................................................................................527
Viewing the LLDP Configuration........................................................................................................................ 528
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................529
Configuring LLDPDU Intervals............................................................................................................................ 530
Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 530
Configuring the Time to Live Value.................................................................................................................... 531
Debugging LLDP.....................................................................................................................................................532
Relevant Management Objects...........................................................................................................................532
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...............................................................................................................538
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario................................................................................................................................ 538
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario............................................................................................................................. 538
Limitations of the NLB Feature............................................................................................................................539
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Microsoft Clustering.............................................................................................................................................. 539
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ...................................................................................................................539
Configuring a Switch for NLB .............................................................................................................................539
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB............................................................................................................ 540
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..............................................................................................541
Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................541
Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................................... 542
Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 543
Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................543
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................543
Enable MSDP........................................................................................................................................................... 547
Manage the Source-Active Cache..................................................................................................................... 548
Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................548
Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................... 548
Clearing the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................549
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 549
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................549
Specifying Source-Active Messages...................................................................................................................552
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................... 553
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................................553
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................ 554
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................554
Logging Changes in Peership States..................................................................................................................555
Terminating a Peership......................................................................................................................................... 555
Clearing Peer Statistics..........................................................................................................................................556
Debugging MSDP...................................................................................................................................................556
MSDP with Anycast RP.......................................................................................................................................... 557
Configuring Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................558
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding...............................................................................................559
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................................559
MSDP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................561
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................................................... 564
Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................564
Spanning Tree Variations......................................................................................................................................565
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................... 565
Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................... 565
Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................565
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 566
Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 566
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................566
Influencing MSTP Root Selection.......................................................................................................................568
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.................................................................................................................. 568
Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................568
Modifying Global Parameters..............................................................................................................................569
Modifying the Interface Parameters...................................................................................................................570
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19
Configuring an EdgePort.......................................................................................................................................571
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................................572
MSTP Sample Configurations.............................................................................................................................. 572
Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-
ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration........................................................................... 572
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................................. 575
34 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................577
Enabling IP Multicast..............................................................................................................................................577
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................577
Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................578
IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................... 578
35 Object Tracking.................................................................................................................................................586
Object Tracking Overview....................................................................................................................................586
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................587
Track Layer 3 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................. 587
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes........................................................................................................................... 588
Set Tracking Delays..........................................................................................................................................589
VRRP Object Tracking.....................................................................................................................................589
Object Tracking Configuration........................................................................................................................... 589
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................589
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...........................................................................................................................590
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route............................................................................................................................... 592
Displaying Tracked Objects................................................................................................................................. 595
36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 597
Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 597
Autonomous System (AS) Areas.................................................................................................................... 597
Area Types......................................................................................................................................................... 598
Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................599
Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 599
Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................................. 601
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)..................................................................................................................601
Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 602
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................................603
Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................................604
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).......................................................................................................605
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF................................................................................................................... 605
OSPF ACK Packing...........................................................................................................................................605
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..............................................................................................605
Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................606
Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).................................................................................606
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).................................................................................620
Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).......................................................................................633
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...................................................................................................................... 633
Applying cost for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................634
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