Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User manual

Dell Configuration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.10(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the

problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

Dell logo are trademarks of Dell Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be

trademarks of their respective companies.

2016 - 04

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide.................................................................................................................................................... 33

Audience.....................................................................................................................................................................33

Conventions.............................................................................................................................................................. 33

Related Documents................................................................................................................................................. 33

2 Configuration Fundamentals..............................................................................................................................34

Accessing the Command Line...............................................................................................................................34

CLI Modes.................................................................................................................................................................. 34

Navigating CLI Modes........................................................................................................................................36

The do Command....................................................................................................................................................38

Undoing Commands............................................................................................................................................... 39

Obtaining Help..........................................................................................................................................................39

Entering and Editing Commands..........................................................................................................................40

Command History.................................................................................................................................................... 41

Filtering show Command Outputs....................................................................................................................... 41

Example of the grep Keyword..........................................................................................................................41

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode.................................................................................................................42

3 Getting Started...................................................................................................................................................... 43

Console Access........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Serial Console..................................................................................................................................................... 44

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH..........................................................................45

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection...................................................................................45

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................45

Default Configuration..............................................................................................................................................46

Configuring a Host Name.......................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the System Remotely...........................................................................................................................46

Accessing the System Remotely..................................................................................................................... 46

Configure the Management Port IP Address................................................................................................47

Configure a Management Route.....................................................................................................................47

Configuring a Username and Password........................................................................................................ 47

Configuring the Enable Password........................................................................................................................ 48

Configuration File Management........................................................................................................................... 48

Copy Files to and from the System................................................................................................................ 48

Mounting an NFS File System.......................................................................................................................... 49

Save the Running-Configuration.....................................................................................................................51

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario......................................................................................51

Viewing Files.........................................................................................................................................................51

Compressing Configuration Files....................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System....................................................................................................................................... 55

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.............................................................55

View Command History..........................................................................................................................................56

Upgrading Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................................56

Contents

3

Verify Software Images Before Installation.........................................................................................................56

Using HTTP for File Transfers.................................................................................................................................57

4 Management.......................................................................................................................................................... 59

Configuring Privilege Levels...................................................................................................................................59

Creating a Custom Privilege Level..................................................................................................................59

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.................................................................................................... 60

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode.............................................................60

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands........................................................................ 60

Allowing Access to Different Modes.............................................................................................................. 60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username..................................................................................................... 62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 62

Configuring Logging................................................................................................................................................62

Audit and Security Logs.....................................................................................................................................63

Configuring Logging Format ......................................................................................................................... 64

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration..................................................................... 65

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server...................................................................................66

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................. 67

Track Login Activity..................................................................................................................................................67

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..........................................................................................................67

Configuring Login Activity Tracking............................................................................................................... 67

Display Login Statistics...................................................................................................................................... 68

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.......................................................................................................................... 69

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.................................................................69

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit...........................................................................................................70

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions...........................................................................................70

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer......................................................................................................................71

Configuration Task List for System Log Management................................................................................ 71

Disabling System Logging....................................................................................................................................... 71

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................71

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.............................................................................................71

Changing System Logging Settings......................................................................................................................72

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration............................................................................73

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level..........................................................................................................73

Synchronizing Log Messages.................................................................................................................................74

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages...........................................................................................................75

File Transfer Services................................................................................................................................................75

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services........................................................................................ 75

Enabling the FTP Server.....................................................................................................................................76

Configuring FTP Server Parameters................................................................................................................76

Configuring FTP Client Parameters................................................................................................................ 76

Terminal Lines............................................................................................................................................................77

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line.....................................................................................77

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines................................................................................ 78

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...........................................................................................................79

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device...............................................................................................80

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.............................................................................................................................. 80

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Viewing the Configuration Lock Status......................................................................................................... 80

Reloading the system...............................................................................................................................................81

Restoring the Factory Default Settings................................................................................................................ 82

Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................82

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.......................................................................................82

5 802.1ag....................................................................................................................................................................84

Ethernet CFM............................................................................................................................................................ 84

Maintenance Domains............................................................................................................................................ 85

Maintenance Points................................................................................................................................................. 85

Maintenance End Points......................................................................................................................................... 86

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................87

Configuring the CFM............................................................................................................................................... 87

Related Configuration Tasks............................................................................................................................ 87

Enable Ethernet CFM............................................................................................................................................... 87

Creating a Maintenance Domain.......................................................................................................................... 87

Creating a Maintenance Association....................................................................................................................88

Create Maintenance Points....................................................................................................................................88

Creating a Maintenance End Point.................................................................................................................88

Creating a Maintenance Intermediate Point.................................................................................................89

Displaying the MP Databases...........................................................................................................................89

Continuity Check Messages...................................................................................................................................90

Enabling CCM......................................................................................................................................................91

Enabling Cross-Checking................................................................................................................................. 91

Sending Loopback Messages and Responses....................................................................................................92

Sending Linktrace Messages and Responses..................................................................................................... 92

Caching Link Trace.............................................................................................................................................93

Enabling CFM SNMP Traps.....................................................................................................................................94

Displaying Ethernet CFM Statistics....................................................................................................................... 95

6 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................................96

Port-Authentication Process................................................................................................................................. 98

EAP over RADIUS................................................................................................................................................ 99

Configuring 802.1X................................................................................................................................................100

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................100

Important Points to Remember.......................................................................................................................... 100

Enabling 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................101

Configuring dot1x Profile .....................................................................................................................................102

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile................................................................................................ 103

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile .................................................................................................. 103

Configuring Critical VLAN ................................................................................................................................... 104

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................. 105

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication........................................................................105

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port.................................................................................................. 106

Re-Authenticating a Port...................................................................................................................................... 107

Configuring Timeouts........................................................................................................................................... 108

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication............................................................ 109

Contents

5

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs................................................................................................................110

Configuring a Guest VLAN..............................................................................................................................110

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN................................................................................................... 110

7 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................... 112

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs......................................................112

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................. 113

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...................................113

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups...................................................................................................................... 113

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.............................................................................................. 114

Viewing CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................... 115

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes..........................................................................................................116

8 Access Control Lists (ACLs)................................................................................................................................118

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..............................................................................................................................119

CAM Usage.........................................................................................................................................................120

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................. 120

Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................122

Configuration Task List for Route Maps.......................................................................................................122

Configuring Match Routes..............................................................................................................................124

Configuring Set Conditions............................................................................................................................ 125

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution......................................................................................126

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging................................................................................................. 127

Continue Clause................................................................................................................................................127

IP Fragment Handling............................................................................................................................................ 127

IP Fragments ACL Examples...........................................................................................................................128

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.......................................................................................................................... 128

Configure a Standard IP ACL................................................................................................................................129

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter............................................................................................................130

Configure an Extended IP ACL.............................................................................................................................131

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number.............................................................................................131

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number......................................................................................132

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs.................................................................................................................. 133

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface......................................................................................................................... 133

Applying an IP ACL................................................................................................................................................. 133

Counting ACL Hits............................................................................................................................................134

Configure Ingress ACLs.........................................................................................................................................134

Configure Egress ACLs.......................................................................................................................................... 135

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)...........................................................................................136

IP Prefix Lists............................................................................................................................................................136

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................... 137

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists......................................................................................................... 137

ACL Resequencing.................................................................................................................................................140

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List.............................................................................................................. 141

Route Maps.............................................................................................................................................................. 142

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................142

Logging of ACL Processes....................................................................................................................................142

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Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging.....................................................................................................143

Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................................... 144

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs........................................................................................................144

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.............................................................................................................145

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................146

Configuring UDF ACL............................................................................................................................................ 147

9 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................... 150

How BFD Works......................................................................................................................................................150

BFD Packet Format........................................................................................................................................... 151

BFD Sessions......................................................................................................................................................152

BFD Three-Way Handshake........................................................................................................................... 153

Session State Changes.....................................................................................................................................155

Important Points to Remember...........................................................................................................................155

Configure BFD.........................................................................................................................................................155

Configure BFD for Physical Ports..................................................................................................................156

Configure BFD for Static Routes................................................................................................................... 159

Configure BFD for OSPF..................................................................................................................................161

Configure BFD for OSPFv3............................................................................................................................. 164

Configure BFD for IS-IS...................................................................................................................................165

Configure BFD for BGP....................................................................................................................................167

Configure BFD for VRRP..................................................................................................................................174

Configuring Protocol Liveness.......................................................................................................................176

Troubleshooting BFD.......................................................................................................................................176

10 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................... 178

Autonomous Systems (AS)....................................................................................................................................178

Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................180

Establish a Session............................................................................................................................................ 181

Route Reflectors......................................................................................................................................................181

BGP Attributes.........................................................................................................................................................182

Best Path Selection Criteria............................................................................................................................ 183

Weight................................................................................................................................................................. 185

Local Preference...............................................................................................................................................185

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...................................................................................................................185

Origin...................................................................................................................................................................186

AS Path................................................................................................................................................................ 187

Next Hop.............................................................................................................................................................187

Multiprotocol BGP..................................................................................................................................................187

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................188

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support............................................................................................................. 188

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes............................................................................... 188

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation................................................................................................ 189

Four-Byte AS Numbers....................................................................................................................................189

AS4 Number Representation..........................................................................................................................189

AS Number Migration.......................................................................................................................................191

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)...............................................................................................193

Contents

7

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................193

Configuration Information................................................................................................................................... 194

BGP Configuration................................................................................................................................................. 194

Enabling BGP..................................................................................................................................................... 195

Configuring AS4 Number Representations.................................................................................................198

Configuring Peer Groups................................................................................................................................199

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over....................................................................................................................202

Configuring Passive Peering.......................................................................................................................... 203

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration..................................................................... 204

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path............................................................................ 205

Enabling Graceful Restart...............................................................................................................................206

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................207

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.................................................................................................................. 207

Regular Expressions as Filters........................................................................................................................208

Redistributing Routes.......................................................................................................................................210

Enabling Additional Paths............................................................................................................................... 210

Configuring IP Community Lists....................................................................................................................211

Configuring an IP Extended Community List............................................................................................. 212

Filtering Routes with Community Lists........................................................................................................ 213

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.................................................................................................... 213

Changing MED Attributes................................................................................................................................215

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...........................................................................................215

Changing the NEXT_HOP Attribute..............................................................................................................216

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute................................................................................................................... 216

Enabling Multipath............................................................................................................................................217

Filtering BGP Routes.........................................................................................................................................217

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps......................................................................................................218

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information....................................................................................219

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors............................................................................................................... 219

Aggregating Routes......................................................................................................................................... 220

Configuring BGP Confederations.................................................................................................................220

Enabling Route Flap Dampening...................................................................................................................221

Changing BGP Timers..................................................................................................................................... 223

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.......................................................................................... 224

Route Map Continue........................................................................................................................................225

Enabling MBGP Configurations...........................................................................................................................225

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.............................................................................................................. 226

Debugging BGP......................................................................................................................................................226

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.............................................................................................................................227

Capturing PDUs................................................................................................................................................ 228

PDU Counters................................................................................................................................................... 229

Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 229

11 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)............................................................................................................ 235

CAM Allocation....................................................................................................................................................... 235

Test CAM Usage......................................................................................................................................................237

View CAM-ACL Settings........................................................................................................................................237

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View CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................... 239

CAM Optimization..................................................................................................................................................239

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling................................................................................................................................ 239

CAM Profile Mismatches.................................................................................................................................239

QoS CAM Region Limitation..........................................................................................................................240

12 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)........................................................................................................................241

Configure Control Plane Policing.......................................................................................................................243

Configuring CoPP for Protocols................................................................................................................... 243

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues............................................................................................................. 245

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.............................................................................................................................. 246

Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3.......................................................................................................................249

Displaying CoPP Configuration ................................................................................................................... 250

13 Data Center Bridging (DCB)............................................................................................................................ 252

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...........................................................................................252

Priority-Based Flow Control...........................................................................................................................253

Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................254

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)..................................................................................... 255

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow.........................................................................................................256

Enabling Data Center Bridging............................................................................................................................256

DCB Maps and its Attributes...........................................................................................................................257

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.................................................................................................. 258

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................... 258

Configuring Lossless Queues........................................................................................................................ 259

Configuring PFC in a DCB Map...........................................................................................................................260

PFC Configuration Notes............................................................................................................................... 260

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................... 261

Applying a DCB Map on a Port............................................................................................................................ 261

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map................................................................................................................262

Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:....................................................................................................... 262

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................... 264

Pause and Resume of Traffic.........................................................................................................................264

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.....................................................................................................264

Behavior of Tagged Packets................................................................................................................................ 265

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities......................................................................................265

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic.........................................................................................266

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection..................................................................................................266

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................... 266

Creating an ETS Priority Group..................................................................................................................... 266

ETS Operation with DCBx.............................................................................................................................. 268

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.....................................................................................268

Configuring ETS in a DCB Map..................................................................................................................... 269

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.............................................................................................. 270

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..........................................................................................271

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................... 271

Configure a DCBx Operation............................................................................................................................... 271

Contents

9

DCBx Operation................................................................................................................................................ 271

DCBx Port Roles................................................................................................................................................272

DCB Configuration Exchange........................................................................................................................273

Configuration Source Election...................................................................................................................... 273

Propagation of DCB Information..................................................................................................................274

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version......................................................... 274

DCBx Example...................................................................................................................................................275

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions............................................................................................................ 275

Configuring DCBx.............................................................................................................................................275

Verifying the DCB Configuration........................................................................................................................ 279

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment............................................................................. 288

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method......................................................................................................... 289

Sample DCB Configuration................................................................................................................................. 290

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.....................................................................................291

14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)...........................................................................................292

DHCP Packet Format and Options.....................................................................................................................292

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...................................................................................................................... 294

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 295

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server.....................................................................................................295

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................... 296

Specifying a Default Gateway........................................................................................................................297

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution.......................................................................................... 298

Using DNS for Address Resolution............................................................................................................... 298

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution............................................................................................ 298

Creating Manual Binding Entries...................................................................................................................298

Debugging the DHCP Server.........................................................................................................................299

Using DHCP Clear Commands..................................................................................................................... 299

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent.......................................................................................................299

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client......................................................................................................301

Configuring the DHCP Client System.......................................................................................................... 301

DHCP Client on a Management Interface.................................................................................................. 302

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.............................................................................................303

Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)......................................................................... 304

Configure Secure DHCP...................................................................................................................................... 304

Option 82...........................................................................................................................................................304

DHCP Snooping............................................................................................................................................... 305

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only..........................................................................................308

Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................................ 309

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection..........................................................................................................310

Source Address Validation.....................................................................................................................................311

Enabling IP Source Address Validation......................................................................................................... 311

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation........................................................................................................312

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.............................................................................................312

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.......................................................................................... 312

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..........................................................................................313

9.10(0.0)

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15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)........................................................................................................................ 314

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity..............................................................................................................................314

Configuring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................... 314

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop......................................................................................................314

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed......................................................................................................... 315

Link Bundle Monitoring......................................................................................................................................... 315

Managing ECMP Group Paths........................................................................................................................316

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..................................................................................................................316

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold........................................................................................................316

RTAG7........................................................................................................................................................................317

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP........................................................................................................................... 318

16 FIP Snooping...................................................................................................................................................... 321

Fibre Channel over Ethernet................................................................................................................................ 321

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.................................................................................. 321

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges......................................................................................................................323

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack........................................................................................................................... 325

Using FIP Snooping................................................................................................................................................325

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.............................................................................................................................325

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 325

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature............................................................................................................... 326

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.....................................................................................................................326

Configure the FC-MAP Value.........................................................................................................................327

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.............................................................................................327

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link................................................................................................. 327

Impact on Other Software Features............................................................................................................. 327

FIP Snooping Restrictions...............................................................................................................................328

Configuring FIP Snooping.............................................................................................................................. 328

Displaying FIP Snooping Information................................................................................................................ 329

FCoE Transit Configuration Example.................................................................................................................334

17 FIPS Cryptography............................................................................................................................................ 336

Configuration Tasks...............................................................................................................................................336

Preparing the System............................................................................................................................................ 336

Enabling FIPS Mode............................................................................................................................................... 337

Generating Host-Keys........................................................................................................................................... 337

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status...............................................................................................................................337

Disabling FIPS Mode..............................................................................................................................................338

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)........................................................................................................339

Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 339

Ring Status.........................................................................................................................................................340

Multiple FRRP Rings.........................................................................................................................................340

Important FRRP Points.....................................................................................................................................341

Important FRRP Concepts..............................................................................................................................342

Implementing FRRP...............................................................................................................................................343

Contents

11

FRRP Configuration............................................................................................................................................... 343

Creating the FRRP Group............................................................................................................................... 343

Configuring the Control VLAN......................................................................................................................344

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs............................................................................................. 345

Setting the FRRP Timers................................................................................................................................. 346

Clearing the FRRP Counters.......................................................................................................................... 346

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................346

Viewing the FRRP Information...................................................................................................................... 346

Troubleshooting FRRP.......................................................................................................................................... 347

Configuration Checks......................................................................................................................................347

Sample Configuration and Topology.................................................................................................................347

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)...................................................................................................349

Important Points to Remember..........................................................................................................................349

Configure GVRP..................................................................................................................................................... 350

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................350

Enabling GVRP Globally........................................................................................................................................ 351

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................351

Configure GVRP Registration...............................................................................................................................351

Configure a GARP Timer.......................................................................................................................................352

RPM Redundancy................................................................................................................................................... 352

20 High Availability (HA)....................................................................................................................................... 354

Component Redundancy.....................................................................................................................................354

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................. 354

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units...................................................................355

Forcing an Stack Unit Failover....................................................................................................................... 355

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.................................................................................................................356

Disabling Auto-Reboot................................................................................................................................... 356

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units......................................................................356

Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot...................................................................................................................... 356

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit..................................................................................................... 357

Hitless Behavior...................................................................................................................................................... 357

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 357

Software Resiliency................................................................................................................................................358

Software Component Health Monitoring................................................................................................... 358

System Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................................358

Failure and Event Logging.............................................................................................................................. 358

Hot-Lock Behavior.................................................................................................................................................359

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)............................................................................................360

IGMP Implementation Information....................................................................................................................360

IGMP Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................360

IGMP Version 2................................................................................................................................................. 360

IGMP Version 3................................................................................................................................................. 362

Configure IGMP......................................................................................................................................................364

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................365

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Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces.......................................................................................................................365

Selecting an IGMP Version...................................................................................................................................365

Viewing IGMP Groups...........................................................................................................................................366

Adjusting Timers.....................................................................................................................................................366

Adjusting Query and Response Timers....................................................................................................... 366

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.......................................................................................................... 367

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.......................................................................................................................370

IGMP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................370

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information............................................................................................370

Configuring IGMP Snooping..........................................................................................................................370

Removing a Group-Port Association............................................................................................................371

Disabling Multicast Flooding...........................................................................................................................371

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router............................................................................. 371

Configuring the Switch as Querier............................................................................................................... 372

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes......................................................................................... 372

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications...............................................................372

Protocol Separation......................................................................................................................................... 373

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection..........................................................374

Handling of Management Route Configuration........................................................................................ 375

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic..............................................................................................................375

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic............................................................................................................376

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)...........................................................................................377

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type......................................................................... 377

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ................................................................378

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .............................................................. 379

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.......................................................................................... 380

Designating a Multicast Router Interface......................................................................................................... 380

22 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................381

Basic Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 381

Advanced Interface Configuration......................................................................................................................381

Interface Types....................................................................................................................................................... 382

View Basic Interface Information........................................................................................................................382

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State......................................................................................... 384

Enabling a Physical Interface...............................................................................................................................384

Physical Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 385

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces..........................................................................................385

Overview of Layer Modes...............................................................................................................................385

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.........................................................................................................386

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................386

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.......................................................................................................... 386

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..........................................................................................................387

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...........................................................................................................................388

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 388

Configuring EIS.................................................................................................................................................388

Management Interfaces........................................................................................................................................388

Configuring Management Interfaces...........................................................................................................388

Contents

13

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port.................................................................... 390

VLAN Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................391

Loopback Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................. 391

Null Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................392

Port Channel Interfaces........................................................................................................................................392

Port Channel Definition and Standards....................................................................................................... 392

Port Channel Benefits......................................................................................................................................392

Port Channel Implementation.......................................................................................................................393

Interfaces in Port Channels............................................................................................................................393

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces......................................................................................394

Creating a Port Channel................................................................................................................................. 394

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.......................................................................................... 394

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel..................................................................................... 396

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel..................................................................397

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...................................................................................397

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.................................................................................................398

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 398

Load Balancing Through Port Channels..................................................................................................... 399

Changing the Hash Algorithm.......................................................................................................................399

Bulk Configuration................................................................................................................................................ 400

Interface Range................................................................................................................................................ 400

Bulk Configuration Examples........................................................................................................................400

Defining Interface Range Macros.......................................................................................................................402

Define the Interface Range............................................................................................................................402

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..........................................................................................................402

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces............................................................................................................. 402

Maintenance Using TDR................................................................................................................................. 403

Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers........................................................................................................................ 404

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports.................................................................................................................... 404

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..........................................................................405

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................405

Example Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................406

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics.................................................................................... 407

Link Dampening..................................................................................................................................................... 407

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 407

Enabling Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................. 408

Link Bundle Monitoring........................................................................................................................................ 409

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control.............................................................................................. 410

Enabling Pause Frames................................................................................................................................... 410

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface........................................................................................................... 411

Port-Pipes................................................................................................................................................................ 412

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces......................................................................................................... 412

Setting the Speed and Duplex Mode of Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................412

Set Auto-Negotiation Options.......................................................................................................................414

View Advanced Interface Information............................................................................................................... 414

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size.....................................................................................................415

Dynamic Counters................................................................................................................................................. 416

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Clearing Interface Counters...........................................................................................................................416

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)................................................................................................................. 418

Configuring IPSec ................................................................................................................................................. 418

24 IPv4 Routing......................................................................................................................................................420

IP Addresses.............................................................................................................................................................421

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................421

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.................................................................................................................421

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.............................................................................................................. 421

Configuring Static Routes.................................................................................................................................... 422

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface............................................................................... 423

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...................................................................................................................424

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages....................................................................... 424

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface......................................................................................................424

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection............................................................................ 425

Enabling Directed Broadcast............................................................................................................................... 425

Resolution of Host Names................................................................................................................................... 425

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.................................................................................................426

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................... 426

Configuring DNS with Traceroute......................................................................................................................427

ARP............................................................................................................................................................................ 427

Configuration Tasks for ARP................................................................................................................................428

Configuring Static ARP Entries............................................................................................................................428

Enabling Proxy ARP............................................................................................................................................... 428

Clearing ARP Cache.............................................................................................................................................. 429

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP........................................................................................................................429

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.......................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via ARP Request............................................................................................................................ 430

Configuring ARP Retries....................................................................................................................................... 430

ICMP..........................................................................................................................................................................431

Configuration Tasks for ICMP..............................................................................................................................431

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages..............................................................................................................431

UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................................432

Configure UDP Helper.................................................................................................................................... 432

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 432

Enabling UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................432

Configuring a Broadcast Address....................................................................................................................... 432

Configurations Using UDP Helper......................................................................................................................433

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.......................................................................................................433

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................... 434

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses....................................................................................... 434

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................435

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................. 435

25 IPv6 Routing...................................................................................................................................................... 436

Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................436

Contents

15

Extended Address Space.................................................................................................................................437

Stateless Autoconfiguration........................................................................................................................... 437

IPv6 Headers......................................................................................................................................................437

IPv6 Header Fields............................................................................................................................................438

Extension Header Fields................................................................................................................................. 440

Addressing..........................................................................................................................................................441

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..................................................................................................442

ICMPv6..................................................................................................................................................................... 443

Path MTU Discovery..............................................................................................................................................444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery......................................................................................................................................444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets..................................................................................................445

Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS............................................................................................................445

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server...............................................................................................445

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ...........................................................................446

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.............................................................................................................446

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.......................................................................................................447

Configuration Tasks for IPv6............................................................................................................................... 447

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile........................................................................................................................... 447

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface..................................................................................................448

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route........................................................................................................................ 449

Configuring Telnet with IPv6.........................................................................................................................449

SNMP over IPv6................................................................................................................................................ 449

Displaying IPv6 Information...........................................................................................................................450

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information....................................................................................................450

Showing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 451

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface............................................................................. 452

Clearing IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................... 453

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................453

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface............................................................................................... 455

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..............................................................................................................................455

26 iSCSI Optimization........................................................................................................................................... 456

iSCSI Optimization Overview.............................................................................................................................. 456

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows.......................................................................................................................457

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows...........................................................................458

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows............................................................................................ 458

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................. 459

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays................................................................459

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer....................................................460

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................460

Default iSCSI Optimization Values......................................................................................................................461

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.........................................................................................................................461

Configuring iSCSI Optimization.......................................................................................................................... 461

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information......................................................................................................463

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.............................................................................................465

IS-IS Protocol Overview....................................................................................................................................... 465

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IS-IS Addressing......................................................................................................................................................465

Multi-Topology IS-IS.............................................................................................................................................466

Transition Mode............................................................................................................................................... 466

Interface Support..............................................................................................................................................467

Adjacencies........................................................................................................................................................467

Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................................................467

Timers................................................................................................................................................................. 467

Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................468

Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................468

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.........................................................................................................................469

Configuring the Distance of a Route........................................................................................................... 476

Changing the IS-Type......................................................................................................................................477

Redistributing IPv4 Routes............................................................................................................................. 479

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................480

Configuring Authentication Passwords....................................................................................................... 481

Setting the Overload Bit..................................................................................................................................481

Debugging IS-IS............................................................................................................................................... 482

IS-IS Metric Styles.................................................................................................................................................. 483

Configure Metric Values.......................................................................................................................................483

Maximum Values in the Routing Table........................................................................................................483

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only......................................................................................483

Leaks from One Level to Another.................................................................................................................485

Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................... 486

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)................................................................................................. 488

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP........................................................................................................ 488

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................488

LACP Modes......................................................................................................................................................489

Configuring LACP Commands......................................................................................................................489

LACP Configuration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 490

Creating a LAG..................................................................................................................................................490

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..............................................................................................490

Setting the LACP Long Timeout....................................................................................................................491

Monitoring and Debugging LACP................................................................................................................. 491

Shared LAG State Tracking...................................................................................................................................492

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................492

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking.................................................................................493

LACP Basic Configuration Example................................................................................................................... 494

Configure a LAG on ALPHA........................................................................................................................... 494

29 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................................503

Manage the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................503

Clearing the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................. 503

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.............................................................................................. 503

Configuring a Static MAC Address............................................................................................................... 504

Displaying the MAC Address Table...............................................................................................................504

MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................................... 504

Contents

17

Setting the MAC Learning Limit.....................................................................................................................505

mac learning-limit Dynamic.......................................................................................................................... 505

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky...................................................................................................... 505

mac learning-limit station-move..................................................................................................................506

mac learning-limit no-station-move...........................................................................................................506

Learning Limit Violation Actions................................................................................................................... 506

Setting Station Move Violation Actions........................................................................................................507

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................... 507

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System...................................................................................... 508

NIC Teaming...........................................................................................................................................................508

Configure Redundant Pairs..................................................................................................................................509

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs..............................................................................511

Far-End Failure Detection.....................................................................................................................................512

FEFD State Changes......................................................................................................................................... 513

Configuring FEFD..............................................................................................................................................514

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.......................................................................................................................514

Debugging FEFD............................................................................................................................................... 515

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)........................................................................................................... 517

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview......................................................................................................................................517

Protocol Data Units.......................................................................................................................................... 517

Optional TLVs..........................................................................................................................................................518

Management TLVs............................................................................................................................................519

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview........................................................................................................................ 520

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs................................................................................................................521

Configure LLDP...................................................................................................................................................... 524

Related Configuration Tasks.......................................................................................................................... 525

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................... 525

LLDP Compatibility...........................................................................................................................................525

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations...................................................................................525

Enabling LLDP.........................................................................................................................................................526

Disabling and Undoing LLDP......................................................................................................................... 526

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................................................526

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...............................................................................526

Advertising TLVs......................................................................................................................................................527

Viewing the LLDP Configuration........................................................................................................................ 528

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...........................................................................529

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals............................................................................................................................ 530

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode......................................................................................................... 530

Configuring the Time to Live Value.................................................................................................................... 531

Debugging LLDP.....................................................................................................................................................532

Relevant Management Objects...........................................................................................................................532

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...............................................................................................................538

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario................................................................................................................................ 538

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario............................................................................................................................. 538

Limitations of the NLB Feature............................................................................................................................539

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Microsoft Clustering.............................................................................................................................................. 539

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ...................................................................................................................539

Configuring a Switch for NLB .............................................................................................................................539

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB............................................................................................................ 540

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..............................................................................................541

Protocol Overview..................................................................................................................................................541

Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................................... 542

Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 543

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol.............................................................................................543

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................543

Enable MSDP........................................................................................................................................................... 547

Manage the Source-Active Cache..................................................................................................................... 548

Viewing the Source-Active Cache................................................................................................................548

Limiting the Source-Active Cache............................................................................................................... 548

Clearing the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................549

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache............................................................................................. 549

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.............................................................................549

Specifying Source-Active Messages...................................................................................................................552

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer......................................................................................... 553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.............................................................................................553

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source........................................................................................ 554

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source........................................................................................554

Logging Changes in Peership States..................................................................................................................555

Terminating a Peership......................................................................................................................................... 555

Clearing Peer Statistics..........................................................................................................................................556

Debugging MSDP...................................................................................................................................................556

MSDP with Anycast RP.......................................................................................................................................... 557

Configuring Anycast RP........................................................................................................................................558

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding...............................................................................................559

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.......................................................................................559

MSDP Sample Configurations..............................................................................................................................561

33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)..................................................................................................... 564

Protocol Overview.................................................................................................................................................564

Spanning Tree Variations......................................................................................................................................565

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................... 565

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol.................................................................................................... 565

Related Configuration Tasks..........................................................................................................................565

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally........................................................................................................... 566

Adding and Removing Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 566

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances......................................................................................................566

Influencing MSTP Root Selection.......................................................................................................................568

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.................................................................................................................. 568

Changing the Region Name or Revision...........................................................................................................568

Modifying Global Parameters..............................................................................................................................569

Modifying the Interface Parameters...................................................................................................................570

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Configuring an EdgePort.......................................................................................................................................571

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change..............................................................................................572

MSTP Sample Configurations.............................................................................................................................. 572

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration........................................................................... 572

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations.............................................................................................. 575

34 Multicast Features.............................................................................................................................................577

Enabling IP Multicast..............................................................................................................................................577

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................577

Multicast Policies....................................................................................................................................................578

IPv4 Multicast Policies..................................................................................................................................... 578

35 Object Tracking.................................................................................................................................................586

Object Tracking Overview....................................................................................................................................586

Track Layer 2 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................587

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................. 587

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes........................................................................................................................... 588

Set Tracking Delays..........................................................................................................................................589

VRRP Object Tracking.....................................................................................................................................589

Object Tracking Configuration........................................................................................................................... 589

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...........................................................................................................................589

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface...........................................................................................................................590

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route............................................................................................................................... 592

Displaying Tracked Objects................................................................................................................................. 595

36 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)......................................................................................... 597

Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 597

Autonomous System (AS) Areas.................................................................................................................... 597

Area Types......................................................................................................................................................... 598

Networks and Neighbors................................................................................................................................599

Router Types..................................................................................................................................................... 599

Designated and Backup Designated Routers............................................................................................. 601

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)..................................................................................................................601

Router Priority and Cost................................................................................................................................. 602

OSPF with Dell Networking OS...........................................................................................................................603

Graceful Restart................................................................................................................................................604

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).......................................................................................................605

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF................................................................................................................... 605

OSPF ACK Packing...........................................................................................................................................605

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers..............................................................................................605

Configuration Information...................................................................................................................................606

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4).................................................................................606

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).................................................................................620

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6).......................................................................................633

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...................................................................................................................... 633

Applying cost for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................634

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Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User manual

Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User manual

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