Tektronix 7a15 User manual

Tektronix
Brand
Tektronix
Model
7a15
Type
User manual
1
Ν
E3-rFt
U
CT1C>
Μ
ΜΑΝ
V
A
L
Se
r
ial
Nu
m
ber
Tektronix,
Inc
.
"
Ρ
.
Ο
.
Box
500
"
B
eave
r
ton,
O
r
egon
97005
"
Ph
o
n
e ό
44-0161
"
Ca
b
les
:
Te
k
tr
onix
070-1044-00
670
WARRANTY
All
Tekt
r
onix
ίη 5tr
ιι r
η
eη
t5
are
war
r
a
n
te
d
against-
defective
m
ateriais
and
workmanship
for
one
year,
Tektronix
'transfo
r
m
ers,
manufactured
in'
o
u
r
plant,
are
wa
r
rante
d
f
or
t
h
e life
of the
instrument,
Any
μιι
estions
wit
h
respect
to
t
h
e
warranty,
mentioned
above
-s
h
oul
d
-
be
ta
k
e
n
up''
with
your
Tektronix
F
iel
d
Cnginee
ι
o
r
Repre'sentativ?
.
All
r
equests
for
re
p
ai
r
s
and
r
eplace
n
ι
ent
p
arts
should
b
e
di
r
ected
to
t
h
e
Te
k
t
ro
n
i
x
Fiel
d
Office
or
repr
esentative
in
your
area,'
This
p
roce
du
re
w
ill
assure
yo
u
the
fastest
possible
ser
v
ice
.
P
lease
include
the
instrument
Type
(or
P
art
R
l τι
r
r
i
b
er3
-
αη
d Ser
i
al
o
r
M
o
d
el
Number
ινίΙ
h
all
requests for
parts
or
service
.
S
p
eci
f
icatio
n
s
an
d p
rice
change
privileges
reserve
d
.
Copyrig
h
t
0
1970
by Te
k
tro
n
ix,
I
nc
.,
B
ea
v
ertoη
,
-
O
r
egon
.
Printed
. i
n
t
h
e
U
nite
d
States of
America
.
All
rig
h
ts
rese
rve
d
.
Contents
of
t
h
is
publication
may n
ot
be
reprod
u
ce
d
i
n
any
form-without
permiss
i
on
of
t
h
e
co
p
yrig
h
t
owner
:,
:. ", .
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
Page
Page
SECTION
1
SPECIFICATION
SECTION
5
PERFORMANCE
CHECK/CALIBRATION
Introduction
1-1
Introduction
5-1
Electrical
Characteristics
1-1
Test
Equipment
Required
5-1
Environmental
Characteristics
1-2
Short-Form
Procedure
and
Index
5-2
Physical
Characteristics
1-2
Performance
Check/Calibration
Procedure
5-4
SECTION 2
OPERATING
INSTRUCTIONS
General
2-1
SECTION
6
ELECTRICAL
PARTS
LIST
Installation
2-1
Abbreviations
and
Symbols
Front-Panel
Controls
2-1
Parts
Ordering
Information
First
Time
Operation
2-1
Index
of
Electrical
Parts
List
Control
Setup Chart
2-2
General
Operating
Information
2-4
Basic
Applications
2-5
SECTION 7
DIAGRAMS
AND
MECHANICAL
PARTS
ILLUSTRATIONS
SECTION 3
CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
Introduction
3-1
Block
Diagram
Description
3-1
Detailed
Circuit
Description
3-1
SECTION 4
MAINTENANCE
Introduction
4-1
Preventive
Maintenance
4-1
Troubleshooting
4-2
Corrective
Maintenance
4-5
Instrument
Repackaging
4-8
Mechanical
Parts
Illustrations
Instrument
Repackaging
SECTION
8
MECHANICAL
PARTS
LIST
CHANGE
INFORMATION
Mechanical
Parts
List
Information
Index
of
Mechanical
Parts
Illustrations
Mechanical
Parts
List
Accessories
Abbreviations
and
symbols
used
in this
manual
are
based
on
or
taken
directly
from
IEEE
Standard
260
"Standard
Symbols
for
Units",
MIL-STD-12B
and
other
standards
of
the
electronics
industry
.
Change
information,
if
any,
is
located
at
the
rear
of
this
manual
.
7
Α
15
Intro
d
uction
TABLE
1-1
(cost)
The
7
Α
15
vertical
amplifier
p
lug-in
unit
is
d
esigne
d
for
u
se
with
Tektronix
7000-series
Oscillosco
p
es
.
The
7A15
is
α
Characteristic
Performance
wi
d
eband
general
purpose
am
p
lifier,
with
t
he upper
fre-
Freq
uency
R
esponse
7500-series
7700-series
q
uency
limit
d
etermine
d
mainly
by
the
oscillosco
p
e
in
System
De
pend
ent
Oscillosco
pe
Oscillosco
p
e
which
it is
u
se
d
.
For
exam
p
le,
the
7
Α
15
use
d
with
t
he
7504
Up
p
er
Ban
dwidth
60
MHz
75
MHz
oscilloscope
will
h
ave
α System
Ban
dwidth
of
60
mega-
hertz
;
an
d
when
use
d
with
t
he
7704
oscilloscope,
the
(DC
Coupled)
system
ban
d
width
will
be 75 megahertz
.
Α
P
OLARITY
L
ower
Bandwi
d
th
switch
provides
α
means
of
inverting
the
d
is
p
lay
.
The
7
Α
15
can
be
operate
d
in
any
p
lug-in
com
partment
of
the
7000-
(AC Cou
p
le
d
)
series
oscilloscopes
.
W
ithout
P
robe
2
h
ertz
or
less
This
instrument
will
meet
the
electrical
characteristics
listed
in
Table
1-1
following
complete
calibration
as
given
in
Section
5
.
The
p
erformance
check
proce
d
ure
given
in
Section
5 p
rovi
d
es
α
convenient
method
of
checking
instru-
ment
p
erformance
without making
internal
ad
justments
.
SECTION
1
S
PE
CI
F
I
CA
ΤΙΟΝ
Ch
ange
information,
if
any,
affecting
t
h
is
section
will
be
found
at
t
h
e
rear
of
t
he
man
u
al
.
The
following
electrical
characteristics
are
valid
over
the
Capacitance
20
picofara
d
s
within
1
.5
p
icofarad
state
d
environmental
range
for
instruments
calibrate
d
at
an
ambient
tem
p
erature
of
+2
ρ°
ς
to
+30°C,
and
after
α
five
R
an
d
C
P
roduct
W
ithin
1°/
ο
over
all
d
eflection
factor
minute
warmup
unless
otherwise
noted
.
settings
Deflection
Factor
Calibrate
d R
ange
GAIN
C
h
aracteristic
Gain
R
atio
Accuracy
Uncalibrate
d
(Variable)
TABLE
1-1
ELECTRICAL
C
HARACTERISTICS
P
erformance
5
mV/
d
iv
to
5 V/d
iv
;
10
ste
p
s
in
α
1,
2,
5
se
q
uence
.
W
ithin
2%
of
GAIN
ad
juste
d
at
10
mV/
d
iv
.
W
ith
Ρ
6053
P
robe
Ι
0
.2
h
ertz
or
less
Maximum
Input
500
V
(DC
+
Peak
AC)
.
AC
com-
Voltage
I
p
onent
1
kHz
or
less
.
In
p
ut
R
an
d
C
R
esistance
1
1
megohm
within
2°/
ο
7
Α
15
Maximum
Input
0
.5
nanoam
p
ere
or
less,
0
°
C
to
Gate
Current
~
+35°C
.
2
nanoam
p
ere
or
less,
+35
°
C
to
+50
°
C
.
Displaye
d N
oise
0
.06
d
ivision
or
less
at
5
mV/
d
iv
(Tangentially
measure
d
in
7700-series
oscillo-
Measured)
scope
.
DC
Drift
Drift
W
ith
Time
(Ambient Tem-
perature
and
Line
Voltage
Constant)
Continuously
variable
b
etween
cali-
brated
ste
p
s
;
exten
d
s
d
eflection
factor
to at least
12
.5
V/
d
iv
.
Short
Term
250
microvolts/minute
(P-P)
or
P
ermits
a
d
justment
of
d
eflection
0
.05
d
ivision
(whichever
is
greater)
factor
for
all
7000-series
oscillo-
in
any
one
minute,
after
one
h
our
sco
p
es
.
warmu
p
.
Specification-7A15
Characteristic
Long
Term
Drift
With
Ambient
Tem-
perature
(Line
Voltage
Constant
TABLE
1-1
(cont)
TABLE
1-2
ENVIRONMENTAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Performance
250
microvolts/hour
(P-P)
or
0
.05
division
(whichever
is
greater)
in
any
one
hour,
after
one
hour
warmup
.
Refer
to
the
Specification
for
the
associated
oscilloscope
.
100
microvolt/degree
centigrade
or
TABLE
1-3
less
.
PHYSICAL
Fits
all
7000-series
plug-in
compartments
.
SECTION
2
OPERATING
I
NST
RU
CTIO
N
S
Ch
ange
information,
if
any,
affecting
this
section
will
b
e
found
at
t
h
e
rear
of
this
manual
.
General
ID
EN
TI
F
Y
Wh
en p
resse
d
,
d
eflects
trace
up-
The
7
Α
15
vertical p
l
u
g-i
n
units
o
p
erates
with α
Te
k
-
war
d
for
i
d
entification
and c
h
anges
tro
n
ix
7000-series
oscillosco
p
e
and
α 7
Β
__
series
time-
b
ase
CRT
rea
d
out
to
t
he
word
u
nit
to
form
α complete
oscillosco
pe
system
.
To
effectively
"ID
EN
TI
F
Y"
.
u
se
t
he 7
Α
15,
t
h
e
op
eration
an
d
ca
pab
ilities
of
t
h
e
instru-
ment
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
k
nown
.
T
h
is
section
d
escribes
th e
o
p
eration
P
O
L
A
R
ITY
of
t
he
front-panel controls,
gives
first-time
op
eration
and
general
o
p
erating
information,
and
lists
some
measurement
+
UP
Α
ρο
p
itive-
ce
s
α
signal
at
t
he
IN-
PU
T
ro
du
s
p
ositive
d
eflection
tec
h
ni
q
ues
using
t
he
am
p
lifie
r
.
on
t
he
CRT
.
Installat
i
on
INVER
T
Inverts
d
is
p
lay
.
Α
negative-going
The
7
Α
15
is
d
esigne
d
to
operate
in
α
vertical
plug-in
signal at
t
h
e
IN
PU
T
pr
odu
ces
α
compartment
of
Te
k
tronix
7000-series
oscillosco
p
es
.
F
or
positive
d
eflection
on
t
he
CRT
.
Χ
-
Υ
o
p
eration,
t
h
e
7
Α
15
may
also
be
installe
d
in
α
h
orizo
n
-
tal
p
lug-in
com
p
artment
(refer
to
th e
Oscilloscope
Instruc-
CO
UPL
I
N
G
tion
Manual
for
i
n
formation
on
Χ
-
Υ
op
eration)
.
To
install
AC
Ca
p
acitively
cou
p
les
t
he
in
p
ut
sig-
t
he 7
Α
15
into
α
plug-in
compartment,
p
us
h
it
i
n u
ntil
it is
ηαΙ
to
t
he
vertical
am
p
lifier
.
seated
flus
h
against
t
he
front
p
anel
of
the
oscillosco
p
e
.
To
remove,
pull
the
release
latc
h
to
d
isengage
t
he 7
Α
15
from
GND
Disconnects
the
in
p
ut
signal
fr
o
m
t
h
e
oscillosco
p
e
.
Continue
to pull
t
he
release
latc
h
to
re-
t
he
am
p
lifier
and ground
s
t
h
e
am
move
t
h
e u
nit
from
t
he
oscillosco
pe
.
p
lifier
in
p
ut
.
Allows
the
in
p
ut
coupling
ca
p
acitor
to
be ch
arged
to
t
he
DC
voltage
app
lied
to
the
IN-
FRONT
P
A
NEL
CO
NT
R
O
LS
PU
T
conn
ector
.
All
co
n
trols
re
qu
ire
d
for operation
of
t
he 7
Α
15
are
lo-
DC
T
he
signal
is
directly
cou
p
le
d
to
t
he
cate
d
on
t
h
e
front panel
of
t
h
e
unit
.
Α
brief
d
esc
r
i
p
tio
n
of
am
p
lifier
.
t
he
function
or
op
eration
of
t
he
front
p
anel
controls
follows
.
M
ore
d
etaile
d
infor
m
ation
is
given
und
er
General
GAIN
Screw
d
river
ad
j
ustment
p
ermits
O
p
erating
I
n
formation
.
A
dju
stment
cali
b
ration
of
d
eflection
factor
.
VO
L
TS/DI
V
Selects
calibrate
d
vertical
d
eflection
factor
from
5
m
V
/
d
iv
to
5
V
/
d
iv
in
α
1,
2,
5
se
q
uence
.
VA
RIA
BLE
P
rovides
uncalibrate
d
varia
b
le
d
e
(
VO
L
TS/DI
V
)
flection
factors
.
E
xten
d
s
t
h
e
h
ig
h
est
d
eflection
factor
to
at least
12
.5
V
/
d
iv
.
P
us
h k
nob
in
an
d
re-
lease
to
activate
;
the
k
nob
moves
outwar
d
from
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
control
w
h
en
activate
d
.
VA
R B
A
L
Screw
d
river
a
dju
stment
p
ermits
A
d
j
ustment
b
alancing
of
the
am
p
lifier
for
minimum
trace
s
h
ift
w
h
ile
rotating
t
he
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
.
I
N
PU
T
BN
C
connecto
r
for
applying
exter-
Connector
ηαΙ
signals
.
General
FIRST-TIME
O
PER
ATIO
N
7
Α
15
Wh
en
s
h
ippe
d
from
t
he
factory,
t
he 7
Α
15
h
as
been
cali-
P
OSITIO
N
Controls
vertical p
ositio
n
of
oscillo-
br
ate
d
to
meet
the
s
p
ecifications
listed
in
Section
1
and
is
sco
pe
d
is
p
lay
.
rea
d
y
to
be
u
se
d with an
in
d
icator
oscilloscope
.
Operating
Instructions-7A15
T
h
e
following
ste
p
s
d
emonstrate
th e
basic
op
eration of
t
he co
n
trols
of
t
he
7
Α
15
.
It
is
recommen
d
e
d
t
h
at
t
h
is
pr
o-
cedure
be
followe
d
com
p
letely
for
familiarization
with
t
he
instrument
.
O
p
eration
of
t
he
oscilloscope
an
d
time-base
unit
is
d
esc
r
i
bed
in
t
he
instr
u
ction
ma
nu
al
for
t
h
ese
units
.
Setu
p
I
n
formation
1 . I
n
sert
t
he 7
Α
15
i
n
to
α
vertical
p
lug-in
com
p
artment
of
α
7000-series
oscilloscope
.
2
.
Insert
α
713--series
time-
b
ase
unit
i
n
to
α
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
p
lug-in
com
partment
.
2-2
3
.
Set
t
h
e
controls as
follows
:
Fig
.
2-1
.
Oscilloscope
dis
p
lay
w
h
e
n ch
ec
k
ing
amplifier
Gain
.
7
Α
15
(
L
eft
V
ert
com
p
artment)
P
OSITIO
N
Midrange
POLARITY
+UP
VO
L
TS/DI
V
10
m
V
CO
UPL
I
N
G
DC
VA
R
IA
BLE
CA
L
IN
713511
(
Β
H
oriz
com
p
artment)
L
evel/Slo
p
e
Ce
n
tere
d on p
ositive
slo
p
e
Triggeri
ng
Mo
de
Ρ
-
Ρ
A
u
to
Coup
ling
AC
Source
I
n
t
Time/Div
1
ms
Variable
(Time/Div)
Cal
In
M
agnifier
Χ
1
Β Delay
Mode
I
ndepen
d
ent
P
osition
Mid
range
7504
(Indicator
Oscillosco
p
e)
V
ertical
Mo
de
L
eft
Horizontal
Mode
Β
Β
Intensity
CCW
Calibrator
1
kH
z,
40
mV
Β
Trigger
So
u
rce
L
eft
Vert
4
.
Connect
t
he
oscilloscope
to
α p
ower
sou
r
ce
w
h
ic
h
meets
t
he
voltage
an
d
frequency
re
q
uiremen
ts of
t
h
e
oscil-
loscope
power
su
pp
ly
.
7
.
Co
nn
ect
t
he
Cali
b
rator
ou
t
pu
t
to
t
h
e 7
Α
15
INPU
T
conn
ector
.
8
.
C
h
ec
k
t
he
C
R
T
d
is
p
lay
for
fo
u
r
d
ivisions
of
vertical
deflection
(see
Fig
.
2-1)
.
If
necessary,
ad
j
ust
t
he
fro
n
t
p
anel
GAI
N
for
fo
u
r
d
ivisio
n
s
of
vertical
d
eflection
.
9
.
P
ress
the
ID
E
NTI
F
Y
b
utton
an
d ch
ec
k
t
h
at
the d
is-
play
moves
u
p
ward
about
0
.3
divisions
.
Also
c
h
ec
k
t
h
at
t
he
rea
d out
information
on
the
C
RT
is
replace
d by the
wo
r
d
"ID
EN
TI
F
Y"
.
10
.
P
ress
and
release
the
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
to
its
out-
ward
p
ositio
n
.
Turn
t
h
e
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
fully
cou
nter-
cloc
k
wise,
and ch
ec
k
for
1
.6
d
ivisions
or
less
d
is
p
lay
am
p
li-
tude
.
P
ress
t
he
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
to
the
CA
L
IN
p
osition
.
11
.
C
hange
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
to
0
.1
V,
Calibrator
Volts
to
0
.4
V
an
d
t
h
e
Triggeri
n
g
Sou
rce
to
Ext
.
Connect
the
Calibrator
out
p
ut
t
h
ro
ugh α "
Τ
" connector
to
the
time
b
ase
Ext
Trig
In
an
d
t
he 7
Α
15
I
NPU
T
con
nector
.
Set the
P
O
L
A
R
ITY
switc
h
to
I
NVER
T
to
d
is
p
lay
t
h
e
opp
osite
polarity
of
t
he
s
q
uare
wave
.
T
h
is
com
p
letes
t
he
basic
op
erating
p
rocedure
for
t
he
7
Α
15
.
I
nstrument
operations
not
ex
p
lai
ned
h
ere
or
op
era-
tions
w
h
ic
h
nee
d
furt
h
er
exp
lanation
are
d
iscusse
d
und
er
General
O
p
erating
I
n
formatio
n
.
5
.
Turn
t
he
oscillosco
pe
p
ower
on
and
allow
about 5
CO
NTR
O
L
S
E
T
UP
C
H
A
R
T
minutes
warmu
p
.
Figure
2-2
s
h
ows
t
h
e
front panel
of
t
h
e
7
Α
15
.
T
h
is
c
h
art
can be
re
p
ro
duced an
d
use
d
as
α
front
p
a
n
el
record
for
6
.
A
d
vance
the
Β
Intensity
until
α
free-r
u
nning
trace
is
sp
ecial
meas
u
rements,
a
pp
lications
or
p
roce
du
res,
or
it
may
observe
d
.
A
d
j
ust the
P
ositio
n
controls to center
t
h
e t
r
ace
b
e
use
d
as
α
training
ai
d
for
familiarization
with
t
h
is
instru-
οη
t
he
C
RT
.
ment
.
7
Α
15
T
E
ST
S
E
T-
UP
C
H
A
R
T
σ
»
οί
~
ορρν
POSITION
V
A
R
B
A
L
INPUT
imp
20
pF
ΤΕΚΤ
R
ΟΝΙ
%®
7
Α
75
P
OLA
R
ITY
Π
+
UP
-/I
NVER
T
V
A
R
IA
BLE
(CA
L
IN)
V
O
L
TS/DI
V
Ί-
Ί
AC
GN
D
υ
DC
AMPL
IF
I
ER
F
ig
.
2-2
.
7
Α
15
control
set
u
p
c
h
art
.
O
p
erating
Instructions-7A15
2-
3
O
pe
r
ati
ng Instructions-7A15
G
ENER
A
L
O
PER
ATI
N
G
I
NF
O
RM
ATIO
N
T
h
e
GND
p
osition
is
also
use
d
to
p
re-c
h
arge
t
h
e
coup
ling
ca
p
acitor
to
t
he
average
level
of
t
h
e
signal
app
lie
d
to
t
h
e
Signal
Con
n
ection
I
NPU
T
connector
.
T
he
p
re-c
h
arge
network
allows
t
h
e
i
npu
t
In
general,
prob
es
offer
the
most
convenient
means
of
coupling
ca
p
acitor
to
c
h
arge to
t
h
e
DC
source
voltage
level
con
necting
α
signal
to
t
he
in
pu
t
of
t
he 7
Α
15
.
Tek
tronix
whe
n
t
h
e
CO
UPL
I
N
G
switc
h
is
set
to
GN
D
.
p
ro
b
es
are
s
h
iel
ded
to
p
r
event
p
ic
k
up
of
elect
r
ostatic
inter-
fere
n
ce
.
Α
10
Χ
atten
u
ator
p
robe
offers
α
h
ig
h
inp
u
t
im-
T
he
p
ed
ance
an
d
allows
t
h
e
circuit
un
d
er test to
op
erate
very
procedure
for
using
th
is
feature
is
as
follows
:
close
to
normal
operati
ng
con
d
itions
.
H
owever,
α
10
Χ
p
robe
also
attenuates
t
h
e
inp
u
t
signal
ten
times
.
1
.
Before
connecting
the
signal
con
taining
α
DC
com-
p
onent
to
t
he 7
Α
15
INPU
T,
set
the
CO
UPL
I
NG
switc
h
to
GND
.
T
h
en
connect
t
h
e
signal
to
the
I
NPU
T
connector
.
In
h
ig
h
-fre
qu
ency a
pp
lications
re
q
uiring
maximum
over-
all
b
andwid
t
h
,
use
α
coaxial
ca
b
le
terminate
d
at
both end
s
in
t
h
e
ch
aracteristic
imp
e
dance
of
the
ca
b
le
.
To
maintain
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-fre
q
uency
c
h
aracteristics
of
t
h
e
a
pp
lie
d
signal,
use
h
ig
h
-
q
uality
low-loss cable
.
R
esistive
coaxial
attenuators
can be
u
se
d
to
min
imize
reflections
if
t
h
e
a
pp
lie
d
signal
h
as
s
u
ita
b
le
am
p
litu
de
.
In
p
ut
Cou
p
ling
T
h
e
AC-G
N
D-DC
lever
switc
h
allows
α
c
h
oice
of
in
p
ut
co
u
p
ling
.
T
he
ty
pe
of
d
is
p
lay
d
esire
d
d
etermines
t
h
e
mo
d
e
of
in
pu
t
co
u
pling
u
se
d
.
T
h
e
DC
p
osition
can be
use
d
for
most
a
pp
lications
.
However,
if
t
he
DC
com
ponent
of
t
h
e
sig
n
al
is
muc
h
larger
t
han
t
h
e
AC
com
p
one
n
t,
t
h
e
AC
p
osition
will
p
robably
p
rovi
d
e α
better
d
is
p
lay
.
DC
coupling
s
h
ould
be
use
d
to
d
isplay
AC
signals b
elow about 2 h
ertz
an
d squ
a
r
e
waves
containing
low-frequency
com
ponen
ts,
as
t
hey
will
b
e
attenuate
d
in
t
he
AC
p
osition
.
Ι
η
the
AC
p
osition,
t
he
DC
com
p
onent
is
bloc
ked by
α
ca
p
acitor
in
t
h
e
in
p
ut
circ
u
it
.
T
h
e
low-frequency
res
p
onse
in
t
h
e
AC
position
is
a
bou
t
2
h
ertz
(-3
dB
point)
.
T
h
ere-
fore,
some
low-frequency
attenuation
can
be
exp
ecte
d
near
t
h
is
fre
q
uency
limit
.
Distortion
will
also
app
ear
in
s
q
uare
waves
w
h
ic
h h
ave
low-fre
q
uency
com
p
onents
.
2-
4
2
.
Allow
a
bo
u
t
two
seconds
for
the
coup
ling
ca
p
acitor
to
ch
arge
.
3
.
R
eset
t
h
e
CO
UPL
I
N
G
switc
h
to
AC
.
T
he
trace
(
d
isplay)
will
remain
on
t
h
e
scree
n
and
t
he
AC
com
p
on
ent
of
t
he
signal
can
b
e
meas
u
re
d
in
th
e
normal
manner
.
H
ig
h
-level
low-frequency
signals
can
b
e
con
n
ecte
d
direc-
tly
to
the
7
Α
15
I
NPU
T
conn
ector
with sh
ort
unsh
ielded
Deflection
F
actor
leads using
α
BN
C
to
Banana
J
ack
A
da
p
ter
.
T
h
is
met
ho
d
wor
k
s
best
for
signals
below about
one
k
ilo
h
ertz
an
d
d
eflec-
T
he
amou
nt
of
vertical d
eflection
p
ro
du
ce
d by
α
signal
is
tion
factors
above
one
volt/
d
ivisio
n
.
Wh
en
t
h
is
met
hod
is
d
etermine
d by
t
he
sig
n
al
am
p
litu
d
e,
t
h
e
atten
u
ation
factor
u
se
d
,
esta
b
lis
h α
common
ground
between
t
he 7
Α
15
and
of
t
he
p
ro
b
e
(if
any),
t
he
setting
of
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
t
he
e
q
uipment
un
d
er test
(common
ground p
rovi
d
e
d by
and
t
he
setting
of
the
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
(if
co
n
trol
is
i
n
line
cord
s
is
usually
ina
deq
uate)
.
Attem
p
t
to
p
osition
t
h
e
t
he outwar
d p
ositio
n
)
.
T
h
e
calib
r
ate
d
d
eflection factors
in-
lea
d
s
away from
any
source
of
interfere
n
ce to
avoi
d
errors
dicated
b
y
t
h
e
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
app
ly
only
w
h
en
t
he
in
t
he d
is
p
lay
.
If
interfere
n
ce
is
excessive
with
uns
h
ielded
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
is
in
t
he inward
(CA
L
IN)
p
osition
.
leads,
use α
coaxial
cable
or
α
p
ro
b
e
.
T
he
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
p
rovides
uncali
b
rated
vertical
d
eflection
b
etween
t
he
calibrate
d
settings
of
t
h
e
VO
L
TS/
DI
V
switc
h
,
an
d exten
d
s
the
maximu
m
d
eflection
factor to
at
least
12
.5
volts/
d
ivision
.
T
h
e
GAI
N
control,
α
fro
n
t-
p
anel
screwd
river
ad
j
ustment,
sets
t
he
gai
n
of
the
7
Α
15
in
t
he 10
m
V
/
d
iv
p
osition
of
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
.
T
he
gain
calibration
of
t
he
unit
s
hou
l
d
be c
h
ec
k
ed
for acc
u
racy
p
rior
to
ma
k
i
n
g
critical
measure-
ments,
using
eit
h
er
t
he
oscillosco
p
e
cali
b
rator
ou
t
p
ut or
α
sta
nd
ar
d
am
p
lit
ude
calibrator
.
If
a
d
j
ustment
is
necessary,
t
he
GAI
N
s
h
oul
d b
e a
d
ju
ste
d with
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
set
to
10
m
V
.
V
ariable
B
alance
To
c
h
ec
k
an
d
/o
r
a
dju
st
the
VA
R
B
A
L,
p
roceed
as
fol-
lows
:
1
.
Set the
CO
UPL
I
N
G
to
GND
an
d
a
d
just
the
time-
b
ase
T
he
GND
position
p
rovi
d
es
α
ground
reference
at
t
he
controls
for
α
free-running
trace
.
am
p
lifier
in
p
ut
.
T
h
e
signal
a
pp
lied
to
t
h
e
I
NPU
T
connector
is
p
resente
d
wit
h α
one
mego
h
m
load,
w
h
ile
the
am
p
lifier
in
pu
t
is
grounded
.
T
h
is
eliminates
the
nee
d
to
externally
2
.
P
ress
and
release
t
h
e
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
to
its
o
u
t-
gro
und
the
I
NPU
T
to
esta
b
lis
h α
DC
gro
u
n
d
reference
.
war
d p
osition
.
3
.
Wh
ile
rotati
ng the
V
A
R
IA
BLE
co
n
trol
t
h
roug
h
out
its
range,
a
dju
st
the
VA
R B
A
L
(
α
front
p
an
el
screwdriver
ad-
ju
stment)
for
minim
u
m
trace
s
h
ift
(0
.5
div or
less
s
h
ift
as
VA
R
IA
BLE
co
n
trol
is
turned
from
fully
cloc
k
wise
to
fully
cou
n
te
r
cloc
k
wise)
.
Signal
P
olarity
The P
O
L
A
RITY
switch p
rovides
α
means
of
inverting
t
h
e
d
is
p
lay
.
W
it
h the
P
O
L
A
R
ITY
set
to
+
UP,
α
positive-
going
voltage at
t
he
I
NPU
T
produces
an
upward
deflection
of
t
he
C
R
T
d
isplay
.
W
it
h
P
O
L
A
R
ITY
set
to
I
NVER
T, α
p
ositive-going
voltage
at
t
h
e
I
NPU
T
will
p
rod
u
ce α
d
own-
ward
deflection of
t
he
C
R
T
d
isplay
.
If
α
symmetrical
wave-
form
s
u
c
h
as
t
he
calibrator
square-wave
is
to
be
ob
served,
t
h
e
time-base
must
be
triggere
d
externally to
observe
t
he
p
olarity
i
nversion
.
T
h
is is
d
ue
to the time-base
unit
trigger
ing
on
t
h
e in
d
icated
slo
pe of
t
he d
is
p
laye
d
waveform
w
hen
F
ig
.
2-3
.
Oscilloscope
display
w
h
en
making
Ρ
-
Ρ
voltage
measu
re-
it is
trigge
r
e
d
internally
.
m
ents
.
Display
Identification
2
.
R
eset
the
CO
UPL
I
N
G
to
AC,
ad
ju
st
the time-b
ase
Wh
en
the
7
Α
15
ID
EN
TI F
Y
button
is
p
ressed,
t
h
e
C
RT
triggering
co
n
trols
for α
stable
d
is
p
lay
an
d
set
the
Time/Div
dis
p
lay
representing
t
he
out
put of the 7
Α
15
is
deflected
to
d
is
p
lay
several
cycles of the
waveform
.
upward
abo
u
t
0
.3
d
ivision
for
identification
.
T
h
is
feature
is
p
articularly
useful
in
oscilloscopes
h
aving multi-trace
d
is-
p
lays
.
3
.
Set
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
to
d
isplay
a
b
out
five
vertical
d
ivisions
of the
waveform
.
C
heck
t
h
at
the
V
A
R
-
IA
BLE
control
is
in
the
CA
L
IN
(
push
ed
in)
p
osition
.
Wh
en
u
sing
an oscilloscope
system
eq
uipped
with
t
h
e
readout
feature,
information
such
as
p
olarity,
d
eflection
factor,
etc
.,
is
displayed
on
the
CR
T
.
Wh
en
t
he
ID
EN
TI
F
Y
bu
tto
n
is
p
ressed,
the
readout
i
n
formation
p
ertaining
to
t
h
e
7
Α
15
is
re
p
laced
by
t
h
e
word
"ID
EN
TI F
Y"
to
ai
d
in locat-
i
n
g the 7
Α
15
reado
u
t
w
hen
more
t
h
an
one
vertical
u
nit
is
used
.
T
he
following informatio
n d
escri
b
es the
p
rocedure
an
d tech
ni
qu
es for
ma
k
ing
basic
meas
u
rements
wit
h
t
he
am
p
lifier
.
T
hese app
lications
are
not
d
escribe
d
in
d
etail
since
each
a
pplicatio
n
must
be
a
d
apted
to
t
he
re
q
uirements
of the
individual
meas
u
rement
.
F
amiliarity
wit
h
t
he 7
Α
15
will
permit
t
hese
b
asic
tec
hn iques
to
be
a
p
plie
d
to
α
wide
variety
of
uses
.
P
eak
-to-
P
ea
k
V
oltage
M
easurement-AC
6
.
M
ulti
p
ly
the d
ista
nce
(in
d
ivisions)
meas
u
re
d
in
step
5
by
t
he
V
O
L
TS/DI
V
switch
settings
.
Incl
ude
t
h
e attenua-
Το ma
k
e
α peak
-to-
p
ea
k voltage
measurement,
u
se
t
he
tion factor of
t
h
e
p
robe
being
used
.
following
p
roced
u
re
:
E
xam
p
le
:
Assume
α
p
eak
-to-pea
k
vertical
d
eflection
of
4
.6
1 .
W
it
h
t
he
CO
UPL
I
N
G
set
to
GN
D,
co
n
nect
t
he
signal
d
iviso
n
s
using α
10
Χ
atte
nu
ator
p
robe
and
α
V
O
L
TS/DI
V
to
t
he
I
NPU
T
con
nector
.
setting
of 0
.5
V
.
BASIC
A
PPL
ICATIO
N
S
Ope
r
ati
ng
Instructions-7A15
4
.
W
it
h
t
h
e
P
OSITIO
N
control,
p
ositio
n
the
d
is
p
lay
so
t
h
e
lower
portion of the
waveform
coincides
with
one
of
t
h
e
gratic
u le
lines
b
elow
t
h
e
center
h
orizontal
refere
nce
line,
and
the
to
p
of
the
waveform
is in
the
viewing
area
.
M
ove
the
d
isplay
wit
h the
h
orizontal
P
ositio
n control so
on
e of the
upper
p
eak
s
is
aligned
wit
h
t
he cen
ter
vertical
reference
line
(see
F
ig
.
2-3)
.
5
.
M
easure
the
vertical
d
eflection
from
pea
k to
pea
k
(divisions)
.
NO
ΤΕ
T
his
technique
may
also
be
used
to
make
measure-
ments
between
two
points
on
the
waveform,
rather
than
peak
to
peak
.
2-5
O
p
e
r
ating
Instructions-7A15
V
olts
(peak-to-
p
eak)
_
vertical
V
OLTS/DIV
probe
d
eflection
Χ
switch
Χ
attenuation
(divisions)
setting
factor
Substituting
the
given
values
:
V
olts
(
p
eak-to-peak)
=4
.6
Χ
0
.5
Χ
10
The
peak-to-
peak
voltage
is
23
volts
.
Instantaneous
V
oltage
M
easurement-DC
To
measure
the
DC
level at
α
given
point
on
α
waveform,
F
ig
.
2-4
.
Oscilloscope
d
isplay
w
hen
measuring
i
nstantaneous
DC
use
the following
proced
ure
:
level
.
1
.
Set
the
COUPLING
to
GND
an
d
p
osition
the
trace
to
the
b
ottom
line
of
the
graticule
(or
other
selecte
d
reference
line)
.
If
the
voltage
to
be
measure
d
is
negative
with
respect
to
ground,
p
osition
the
trace
to
the
to
p
line
of
the
grati-
cule
.
Do
not
move
the
vertical
P
OSITION
control
after
this
reference
h
as
been
established
.
ΝΟΤΕ
To
measure
α
voltage
level
wit
h
respect
to
a
voltage
ot
h
er
t
h
an ground,
ma
ke
t
h
e
following
c
h
anges
to
step
1
:
Set
t
h
e
CO
UPL
I
N
G
to
DC
and
apply
the
r
eference
voltage
to
t
h
e
I
NPU
T
connecto
r
,
t
h
en
position
t
he
tr
ace
to
t
h
e
reference
line
.
2
.
Connect
the
signal
to
the
INPUT
connector
.
3
.
Set the
COUPLING
to
DC
(the
ground
reference
can
b
e checke
d
at
any
time by
setting
the
COUPLI
NG
to
GND)
.
1
η
some
ap
p
lications,
it
may
be
necessary
to
establish
α
set
of
deflection
factors
other
than
those
in
d
icate
d by the
4
.
Set
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
to
d
is
p
lay
about
five ver-
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
.
This
is
useful
for
comparing
signals
to
tical
divisions
of
the
waveform
.
Check
t
hat
the
V
ARIABLE
α
reference
signal
am
p
litu
de
.
To
establish
α
new
set
of
d
e-
control
is
in
the
CAL
IN position
.
A
d
just
the time-base
flection
factors
base
d
upon
α s
p
ecific
reference
am
p
litu
d
e,
triggering
controls
for
α
stable
d
is
p
lay
.
proceed
as
follows
:
5
.
M
easure the
vertical
distance
in
divisions
between
the
reference
line
and
the
p
oint
on
the
waveform
at
which
t
he
DC
level
is
to
be
measured
.
F
or
exam
p
le,
in
F
ig
.
2-4 the
measurement
is
made
between
t
he
reference
line
an
d
p
oint
Α
.
EMENEEMEME
M11111111M
ON
MEN
MENEM
6a
R
ι
R
EE
"
//
"
MENEM
_
MEMEMEMM
7
.
M
ulti
p
ly
the
d
istance
measured
in
step
5
by
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
setting
.
Inclu
de
the
attenuation
factor
of
the
p
robe,
if
any
.
E
xample
:
Assume
that
the
vertical
distance
measure
d
is
4
.8
divisions,
the
waveform
is
above
the
reference
line,
u
sing
α 10
Χ
attenuator
probe
and
α
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
setting
of
0
.5
V
.
U
sing
the
formula
:
Instantaneous
_
V
oltage
vertical
P
olarity
V
OLTS/DIV
probe
distance
Χ
P
olarity
Χ
Switch
Χ
attenuation
(
d
ivisions)
setting
factor
Substituting
the
given
values
:
Instantaneous
V
oltage
=
4
.8
Χ
+1
Χ
0
.5
V
Χ
10
The
instantaneous
voltage
is
+24
volts
.
V
oltage
Com
p
arison
M
easurements
1
.
Apply
α
reference
signal
of
k
nown
amplitude
to
the
INPUT
connector
.
U
sing
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
and
the
V
ARIABLE
control,
adjust
the
d
is
p
lay
for
an
exact
number
of
d
ivisions
.
Do
not
move
the
V
ARIABLE
control
after
obtaining the
d
esire
d
deflection
.
2
.
Divide
the
amplitu
d
e
of
the
reference
signal
(volts)
6
.
E
stablish
t
he
polarity
of
the
signal
.
If
the
waveform
is
by
the
p
ro
d
uct
of
the
d
eflection
(
d
ivisions)
from
step
1
an
d
a
bove
the
reference
line,
the
voltage
is
p
ositive
;
below
the
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
setting
.
This
is
the
Deflection
Con-
reference
line,
negative
.
version
F
actor
.
2-6
Operating
Instructions-7A15
Deflection
6
.
M
easure
the
vertical
d
eflection
in
d
ivisions
an
d d
eter-
reference
signal
amp
l
itude
(
vo
lts)
Conversion
=
mine
the
am
p
litude
b
y
the following
formula
:
F
actor
d
eflection
(divisions)
ΧV
OLTS/DIV
setting
3
.
To
d
etermine
the
amplitu
de
of
α
signal
compare
d
to
α
reference,
d
isconnect the
reference
signal
and apply
the
sig-
nal
to
b
e
com
p
are
d
to
the 7
Α
15
INPUT
connector
.
4
.
Set
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch to
α
setting
that
p
rovi
d
es
sufficient
d
eflection
to
make
the
measurement
(do
not
readjust
the
V
ARIABLE
control)
.
5
.
To
establish
an
A
d
juste
d
Deflection
F
actor
at
any
setting
of
the
V
OLTS/DIV
switch, multi
p
ly
the
V
OLTS/
DIV
switch
setting
b
y the
Deflection
Conversion
F
actor
established
in
ste
p
2
.
Adjusted
Signal
Am
p
litude
=
Deflection
Χ
d
eflection
F
actor
(
d
ivisions)
E
xample
:
Assume
α
reference
signal
amplitude
of
30
volts,
α
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
setting
of
5
V
an
d α
vertical
deflection of
four
divisions
.
Substituting
these
values
in
the
Deflection
Conversion
F
actor
formula
(step
2)
:
Deflection
30
vo
lts
Conversion
=
=
1
.5
F
actor
4
(
d
iv)
Χ
5
V
T
hen
with
α
V
OLTS/DIV
switch
setting
of
2
V,
the
A
d
juste
d
Deflection
F
actor
(step
5)
is
:
V
OLTS/DIV
Deflection
Adjuste
d
Deflection
F
actor
= 2
V
Χ
1
.5
= 3
A
d
juste
d
Deflection
F
actor
=
switch
Χ
Conversion
volts/division
setting
F
actor
To
d
etermine
the
amplitude
of
an a
p
plied
signal
which
produces
α
vertical d
eflection
of
five
divisions,
use the
Sig-
This
Adjuste
d
Deflection
F
actor
is
correct
if
the
V
AR-
ηαΙ
Am
p
litude
formula
(step
6)
:
IABLE
control
h
as
not been
move
d
from
the
p
osition
set
in
step
1
.
Signal
Am
p
litu
de
=
3
VΧ
5
(
d
iv)
=
15
volts
NOTES
Introduction
T
h
is
section
of
t
he
manual
contains
α
d
escri
p
tion of
t
h
e
circ
u
itry
u
sed
i
n
t
h
e
7
Α
15
amplifier
.
T
h
e
d
escription
begins
wit
h
α d
isc
u
ssion
of
t
he
instrument
using
t
h
e
block
d
iagram
s
h
own
in t
he
diagrams
section
.
T
hen each
circ
u
it
is
d
es-
cribed
in
detail
u
si
n
g
t
he b
loc
k d
iagram
to
s
h
ow
intercon-
nections
b
etween
t
h
e
circuits
an
d
relations
h
i
p of
t
he
front
p
anel
controls
to
t
h
e
in
d
ivi
d
u
al
stages
.
SECTION
3
CIRCUIT
DESCRIPTION
C
h
ange
information,
if
any,
affecting
t
h
is
section
will
be
found
at
t
h
e
r
ear
of
t
h
is
manual
.
I
NPU
T
connector,
t
h
roug
h
the
in
pu
t
cou
p
ling
circuit
to
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
.
T
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
p
rovi
d
es
t
h
e
a
p
pro
p
riate
in
p
ut
attenuation
an
d
applies
t
he
sig
n
al
to
t
h
e
Input
Attenuator
7
Α
15
In
a
dd
ition
to
t
h
e
fun
ctions
of
t
he
amplifier
j
ust
ex-
p
lai
ne
d
,
th
e
7
Α
15
also
p
rovi
d
es
rea
d
out
logic
for the
i
n
d
i-
cator
oscillosco
pe
.
L
ogic
is s
up
plie
d
w
h
ic
h
identifies
t
he
dis
p
lay
P
olarity
and
t
h
e d
eflection
factor,
w
h
et
h
er
cali
b
ra-
ted or
u
ncali
b
rated
.
Wh
e
n
t
h
e
ID
EN
TI F
Y
button
is
pressed,
t
he
rea
d
out
is
erase
d
an
d
t
he
word
ID
EN
TI
F
Y
app
ears
.
At
t
h
e
same
time,
the
bottom
of
R
274
is
groun
de
d
to d
eflect
t
h
e
trace
up
ward
a
pp
roximately
0
.25
d
ivision
.
D
E
TAI
LE
D
CI
RCU
IT
D
E
SC
R
I
P
TIO
N
Com
p
lete
sc
h
ematics
of each
circ
u
it
are given
in t
h
e
Diagrams
section
.
R
efer
to these
d
iagrams
t
h
roug
h
out
t
he
Input
Cou
p
ling
following
circuit
descri
p
tion fo
r
electrical
values and
rela-
tionsh
i
p
.
In
p
ut
signals
a
p
plie
d
to
t
h
e
I
NPU
T
connector
can
be
AC-co
up
le
d
,
DC-cou
p
led,
or
internally
d
isconnecte
d
.
W
it
h
t
he
cou
p
li
ng switch
set
to
AC,
t
h
e
signal
p
at
h
is
t
h
roug
h
C1-
R
1-CO
UPL
I
NG
switch
-C3-
R
3 and
t
h
roug
h
t
he
V
O
L
TS/
BL
OC
K
DIAG
R
A
M
D
E
SCR
I
P
TION
DI
V
switch to
the
in
pu
t
am
p
lifier
.
Ιη
t
h
is
p
osition,
C1
p
re-
vents
the
DC
com
p
onent
of
t
he
signal
from
passi
ng
to
t
h
e
T
he
following
d
iscussion
is
p
rovi
d
ed to
ai
d
in
und
er-
am
p
lifier
.
W
it
h
the
CO
UPL
I
NG
switch
set
to
DC,
t
he
signal
stan
d
ing
t
h
e
overall
conce
p
t
of the 7
Α
15
before
t
he
in
d
i-
p
at
h
is
throug
h
C3-
R
3 an
d the
V
O
L
TS/DI
V
switc
h
to
t
h
e
vid
u
al
circ
u
its
are
d
iscu
sse
d
in
d
etail
.
E
ach
b
loc
k
on
t
he
am
p
lifier
in
p
ut
.
W
it
h the
CO
UPL
I
N
G
switch
set
to
GN
D,
B
loc
k
Diagram,
(in
t
he
Diagrams
section)
rep
resents
an
indi-
the
in
p
ut
sig
n
al
is
AC-cou
p
le
d
throug
h
C1-
R
1-
R
2 to
ground
vi
d
ual
circuit
wit
h
in
the
instrument
.
T
he nu
m
b
er
on
each
to
p
rovi
d
e
α
constant
load
for
the
signal
source
.
At
t
h
e
bloc
k
refers
to
t
h
e
d
iagram
on
w
h
ic
h the
com
p
lete circ
u
it is
same
time,
t
he
am
p
lifier in
pu
t
is
groun
d
e
d to
provide
α
0
fo
und
.
volts
reference
level
.
R
esistor
R2
allows
C1
to b
e
p
re-
charge
d
in
the
GND
position
so the
trace
will
remain
on
screen
w
h
en
the
AC
bu
tton
is
p
ressed
wit
h α
h
ig
h
DC
level
T
he
signal
to
be
displayed
on
the
C
R
T
is
a
pp
lie
d to
t
he
a
pp
lie
d
.
I
npu
t
Am
p
lifier
(Q103A-Q103
B
-Q110-Q210-Qll2-Q212)
.
T
he
effective
overall
d
eflection
factor
of
t
h
e
7
Α
15
is
T
he
gain
setting,
variable
gai
n
,
an
d
variable
balance
ad
ju
st-
d
etermi
ned by the
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switch
attenuators
.
T
he
ments
are
contained
in
t
h
is
stage
.
T
h
e
in
put
signal
is
b
asic
d
eflection
factor
of
t
h
e
7
Α
15
is
5
m
V
p
er
d
ivision
of
ch
anged
from
single-ended to
differential
by
this
stage
and
d
eflection
.
To
increase this
b
asic
d
eflection
factor
to the
a
pp
lied
to the
p
olarity
selection
stage
.
T
he
P
olarity
Selec-
values
in
d
icate
d on
the front p
anel,
p
recision
attenuators
tion
stage
(Q130-Q230-Q140-Q240)
p
rovi
d
es
sig
n
al
polarity
are
switch
ed
i
n
to the inpu
t
circuit
.
T
he
i
npu
t
atte
nuators
inversion
w
h
en
the
front
p
anel
POLARITY
switch
is
set
to
form
fre
q
uency-com
p
ensated voltage
d
ividers
.
F
or
DC
and
I
NVER
T
.
low-frequency
signals,
they
are
p
rimarily
resistance
d
ividers,
an
d
the
voltage
attenuation
is
d
etermine
d by
the
resistance
ratio
in
the
circuit
.
T
he
reactance
of
t
h
e
cap
acitors
i
n
t
h
e
T
h
e
Out
put
Am
p
lifier
stage
(Q160-Q260-Q170-Q270)
circuit
is
so
h
ig
h
at
low
fre
q
uencies
t
h
at thei
r
effect
is
provides
vertical
p
ositioni
ng of the
C
R
T
dis
p
lay
and
im-
negligi
b
le
.
H
owever,
at
h
ig
h
er
fre
q
ue
n
cies,
t
he
reactance
of
ped
ance
matc
h
ing
betwee
n
the
7
Α
15
and
the
oscillosco
pe
the capacitors
d
ecreases
an
d
the attenu
ator
becomes
p
ri-
vertical
i
np
ut
.
T
he
Trigger
P
ic
k
off
circuit,
marily
α
capacitance
voltage
divider
.
0180-Q280-Q185-Q285,
ta
kes
the
signal
from
t
he
emitters
of
Q170-Q270
and
am
p
lifies it
to
p
rovi
de
+
an
d
-
trigger
In
a
d
dition to provi
d
ing
constant
attenuation
at
all
fre-
sig
n
als
for
the
time
b
ase
u
nit
.
q
uencies
within the
b
andwidth
of
t
h
e
system,
the
in
p
ut
Circuit
Description-7A15
attenuators
are
designe
d to
maintain
the
same
in
p
ut
R
C
and
Q260
is
p
rovided
by
R
161-C161
an
d
R
261-C261
'
c
h
aracteristics
for
eac
h
setting
of
t
he
VO
L
TS/DI
V
switch
.
res
p
ectively
.
R
171-C171
and
R
271-C271
p
rovi
d
e
thermal
T
h
e
attenuators
contain
a
d
ju
stable
s
h
unt
ca
p
acitors
to
p
ro-
compensation
for
Q170
an
d
Q270
res
p
ectively
.
vi
d
e
in
p
ut ca
p
acitance
.
C253-C175-
R
175
are
h
ig
h
-fre
q
uency
p
ea
k
ing
a
d
j
ustments
for
cali
b
ration
of
t
he 7
Α
15
.
In
put
Am
p
lifier
The
sig
n
al
from
the
in
put
atte
n
uator
is
connecte
d to
t
he
In
p
ut
Am
p
lifier t
h
roug
h
R
109-
R
100-
R
101-C101
.
T
h
ese
resistors
are p
art
of
t
he
attenuation
networ
k
at
all
VO
L
TS/
DI
V
switch
p
ositions
.
R
esistor
R
101
limits
the
overd
rive
gate
current
of
i
np
ut
FE
T
Q103A
.
C101-CR
102-C102
p
ro-
vi
de
an
in
pu
t
protection
circ
u
it
to
p
rotect
Q103A
from
large
negative
voltage
swings
.
Protection
from
lar
ge p
ositive
voltage
swings
is
p
rovi
d
ed by
Q110,
w
h
ic
h
effectively
clam
p
s
the
source
of
in
put
FE
T
Q103A
to the
+15
volt
sup
p
ly
.
T
he
i
nput
signal
is
coupled
t
h
roug
h
sou
rce
follower
R
ea
d
out
B
loc
k
Q103A
an
d
emitter follower
Q110
to
the
base
of
Q112,
one-
h
alf
of
t
h
e
input
p
araphase
am
p
lifier
.
T
he
ot
her
h
alf
of
An
analog
coding
system
is
u
se
d
in t
he 7
Α
15
to
convey
t
he para
ph
ase
am
p
lifier,
Q212,
is
α
groun
d
ed
-base
con-
information
from
the
p
l
u
g-in
to
t
he oscilloscope
rea
d
ou
t
figuratio
n
.
Th
e
reference
voltage
level
at
t
he
base
of
Q212
section
.
E
ach
sym
b
ol
used
by
t
he 7
Α
15
re
q
uires
two
cur-
is
set
by
the
VA
R B
A
L
control,
α
fro
n
t
panel
ad
j
ust
.
T
h
e
re
n
ts
to
d
efine
it
.
T
h
is
read
out
information
is
encoded
on
p
ara
ph
ase
am
p
lifier
converts
t
h
e
single-en
de
d
in
pu
t
into
α
~°
output
lines,
interface
connectors
Α
37 an
d Β
37,
by
the
,
d
ifferential
ou
tput
.
T
h
e
gain
of
t
he
am
p
lifier
is
set
in
t
h
is
A3
0t
ο
rs
between
out
pu
t
and
B33
.
and
interface
connectors
stage
by
front
p
anel
GAIN
control
R
121 wit
h
t
he
variable
Α
30,
Α
32,
Α
33,
Β
29, Β
32
and
33
.
control
set
to
t
he
CA
L
IN
p
osition
.
W
it
h the
VA
R
IA
BLE
control
in
t
he
o
u
twar
d
(uncalibrated)
p
osition
a
nd
t
u
r
ne
d
R
efer
to
Sc
h
ematic
Diagram
3
in
t
h
e
Diagrams
section to
'
fully
co
unterclock
wise
to
minimum
resistance,
t
h
e
gai
n
of
fin
d
t
h
ititdithilif
h
t
h
e
am
p
lifier
is
reduce
d
by
α
factor of at
least
2
.5
.
T
h
ise
ressors
assocae
w
α
p
artcuar
settng
o
te
exten
d
s the
maxim
u
m
uncalibrate
d
d
eflection
factor to at
Ti
ηα
resistors
switch
.
least
12
.5
volts/
d
ivision
.
Dam
p
ing
resistors
R
114 and
R214
i
n
t
h
e
collector
circ
u
its
of
Q112
and
Q212
res
p
ectively,
T
h
e
pro
b
e
connecte
d
to
t
h
e
I
N
PU
T
connector
forms
α
serve
to
dam
p
out
any
ringing
or
oscillations
.
C1 14-R
115
voltage
divi
der
wit
h 1175 to the
-15
volt
p
ower
su
p
p
l
T
h
y
e
.
an
d
C214-
R215
are
t
h
ermal
com
p
ensation
networ
k
s,
amount
of
p
robe
resistance
will
d
etermine
the
b
ias
a
pp
lie
d
'
to
t
he
base
of
Q80
.
F
or
exam
p
le,
wit
h
α
10
Χ
attenuator
P
olarity
Selection
Stage
p
robe
s
uch
as the Ρ
6053 P
robe
connecte
d to
t
he
I
NPU
T
connector,
t
he
bias
a
pp
lie
d to
t
he
base
of
Q80
will
allow
T
h e
P
olarity
Selection
Stage
ma
d e
up
of
100
microam
p
eres
of
collector
cu
rrent
to
flow
.
Wh
en
t
he
Q130-Q230-Q140-Q240
V
r
ονί
des
α
means
of
ίην
.
ι
rt
ίη
g
t
h
e
t
ί
me
slot
p
ulse
from
the
oscillosc
itt
itf
op
enerrogaes
n
erace
in
p
ut
signal
.
W
it
h
t
h
e P
O
L
A
RITY
switch
set
to
+U
P
,
Q130
connector
Β
33,
t
h
is
100
microam
p
eres
of
current
is
a
dd
e
d
an
d
Q230
are
biase
d
on
and
the
sig
n
al
is
p
asse
d
straig
h
t
to
t
he
current
correspon
d
ing
to
t
he
setting
of
t
he
VO
L
TS/
t
hro
u
gh
to
t
he
out
put
am
p
lifier
.
W
it
h
t
he P
O
L
A
R
ITY
DI
V
switch to
increase
t
he
d
eflection
factor
(in
the
d
is-
switch
set
to
I
NVER
T,
Q130
an
d
Q230
are
biased
off
an
d
p
laye
d
reado
u
t)
by
α
factor of
10
.
R
efer
to
t
he a
pp
ro
p
riate
Q140-10240
are
turned
on
to
p
rovide
signal
inversion
.
oscillosco
p
e
Instruction
Manual
for
more
ίηf
οrm
α
+
ίοη
on
C131-
R
131
an
d
C231-
R
231
are
thermal
compensation
net-
t
h
e
Readout
System
.
System
.
wor
k
s
.
Out
p
ut
Am
p
lifier
T
h e
Out
p
ut
Am
p
lifier
is
com
p
ose
d
of
Q160-Q260-Q170-Q270
an
d
t
h
eir
associate
d
circuitry
.
T
he
vertical
P
OSITIO
N
control
is
located
in t
he
in
p
ut
to
t
h
is
stage
.
T
h
ermistor
R
T151
and
varactors
CR
154-C
R
254
pro-
vi
d
e prop
er
com
p
ensation
for transient
res
p
onse
with
ch
anges
of
tem
p
erature
.
T
h
ermal
compensation
for
Q160
3-2
Trigger
P
ic
k
off
Stage
T
h e
Trigger
P
ic
k
off
stage
consists
of
Q180-Q280-Q185-Q285
an
d
t
h
eir
associate
d
circuitry
.
E
mitter
followers
Q180
an
d
Q280
provi
de
isolation
b
e-
tween
the
trigger
out
p
ut
circuit
an
d
t
he
signal
output
cir-
cuit to p
revent
load
ing
of
t
he
signal
out
put
am
p
lifier
.
R
186-C186
and
R
284-C284
p
rovi
d
e
thermal
com
p
ensation
for
Q185
and
Q285
res
p
ectively
.
T
he
trigger
ou
t
p
ut
ampli-
t
ude
is
a
pp
roximately
t
h
e
same
as
t
he
signal
out
p
ut
ampli-
tude
.
T
h
e
oscillosco
p
e d
is
played
readout
will
give
t
he correct
d
eflection
factor
from
the
p
robe
ti
p
(using
t
he
recom-
men
ded attenuator p
robes),
w
hereas the
VO
L
TS/DI
V
k
nob
on
the
p
lug-in will
d
is
p
lay
only
t
he p
lug-in
d
eflection
fac-
tor
.
ι
T
h
e
trace
ID
EN
TI F
Y
button,
w
h
en
p
resse
d
,
d
oes
two
th
ings
:
I
ι
Circuit
Description-7A15
1
.
It
groun
d
s t
he
j
unction
of
R
75-
R
274
(bottom
en
d
h
ard,
an
d
t
h
e displayed
rea
do
u
t
is
re
p
lace
d
by
t
h
e
word
of
R
274)
to d
eflect
t
he
trace
u
p
war
d
about
0
.25
d
ivi-
ID
EN
TI F
Y
.
sion
.
T
hese
two
actions
ai
d
in
i
dentifying
t
he 7
Α
15
trace
w
hen multip
le
traces
are
d
is
p
laye
d on
the
CRT
.
Wh
e
n
t
he
2
.
T
he b
ase
of
Q80,
w
h
ic
h
is
connected
to th
e
ju
nc-
ID
EN
TI F
Y
b
utton
is
release
d
,
the
rea
d
o
ut
is
restored
to
its
tion
of
R
75-
R
274,
is
also
gro
u
n
d
ed
.
T
h
is
t
urns
Q80
on
p
revio
u
s
d
is
p
lay
.
NOTES
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Tektronix 7a15 User manual

Tektronix
Brand
Tektronix
Model
7a15
Type
User manual
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