Dell PowerSwitch S4820T User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4820T System

9.11(2.1P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 06

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................50

Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 53

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 54

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................54

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 55

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 55

Contents

3

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................55

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................56

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 58

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 58

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................59

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 59

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................59

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................59

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................59

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username................................................................................................................61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line...........................................................................................................61

Conguring Logging......................................................................................................................................................... 61

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 62

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................64

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................64

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 65

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................66

Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................66

Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................66

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................67

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................67

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................67

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 67

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................68

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................69

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 69

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................69

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 70

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................ 71

Changing System Logging Settings............................................................................................................................... 71

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 72

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 72

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 73

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 74

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................74

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................75

Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................75

Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 75

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 76

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 76

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................76

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 77

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 78

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................79

4

Contents

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 79

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................79

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 80

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password..................................................................................................... 81

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................82

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................82

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................82

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 83

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 85

Port-Authentication Process.......................................................................................................................................... 87

EAP over RADIUS...................................................................................................................................................... 87

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................88

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 88

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................88

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 89

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................90

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication...................................................................................... 91

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 92

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 96

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................96

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................ 97

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................98

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................99

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 100

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 100

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................ 101

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................... 101

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................101

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................102

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 103

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 104

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 106

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)..................................................................................................................................... 107

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................108

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................108

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 110

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 110

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 110

Contents

5

Congure a Standard IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................111

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................112

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................113

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................113

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 114

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 115

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................116

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................116

Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................117

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 117

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................117

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 118

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................119

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 119

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists...................................................................................................................119

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 123

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................123

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 125

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................ 125

Conguring Match Routes...................................................................................................................................... 127

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 129

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................130

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 130

Continue Clause.........................................................................................................................................................131

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................. 131

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................132

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................132

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 133

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................133

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................134

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 136

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 136

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 139

Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................141

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 141

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................142

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................146

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................150

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................153

6

Contents

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................156

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................162

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................165

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................165

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................167

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 167

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 169

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................169

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................170

BGP Attributes.................................................................................................................................................................171

Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................171

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................173

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 173

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 174

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................175

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................176

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 176

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................176

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................... 177

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 177

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................177

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 178

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................178

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 178

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 180

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).........................................................................................................181

Important Points to Remember...............................................................................................................................181

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................182

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 182

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 183

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 186

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................188

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................190

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 192

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 192

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 193

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................194

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 195

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 195

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................197

Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................198

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 199

Conguring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................199

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 200

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................201

Contents

7

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 202

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................203

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................203

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 204

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................205

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................205

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................205

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................207

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information..............................................................................................207

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................208

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................209

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 209

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................210

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................212

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................212

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................213

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................215

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 215

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor..........................................216

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................216

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 216

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................217

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................218

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................219

Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................219

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................226

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................226

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................228

View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................228

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 229

View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................231

CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 231

Troubleshoot CAM Proling...........................................................................................................................................231

QoS CAM Region Limitation....................................................................................................................................231

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 232

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 233

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 234

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 236

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................237

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 240

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 240

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 243

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................243

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 244

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................245

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................246

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................247

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 247

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................248

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................249

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................249

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 250

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................251

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................ 251

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 252

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 252

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................253

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................253

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 255

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................255

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 255

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................256

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................256

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................257

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................257

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................257

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................257

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................259

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 259

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................260

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies..........................................................................................................261

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................262

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 262

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................262

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 262

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 263

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 264

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................264

Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 265

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 265

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 266

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................266

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................266

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................270

Sample DCB Conguration........................................................................................................................................... 278

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................280

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................280

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 281

Contents

9

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 283

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 283

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................285

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................286

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................286

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation.................................................................................. 287

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 288

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 288

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................288

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 289

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................289

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................289

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 290

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 290

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 292

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................292

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................293

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................294

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................294

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................294

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................295

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................298

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................298

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 299

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection...................................................................................................................300

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 301

Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................301

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 302

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................302

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................303

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 303

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 304

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................304

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 304

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 304

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 305

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 305

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................306

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................306

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 306

RTAG7............................................................................................................................................................................. 307

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 308

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................. 311

10

Contents

Fibre Channel over Ethernet..........................................................................................................................................311

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network..............................................................................................311

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................313

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................315

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................315

FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 315

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 315

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................316

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................317

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 317

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................317

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................317

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 317

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 318

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................318

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................319

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................324

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................326

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 326

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................326

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 327

Generating Host-Keys................................................................................................................................................... 327

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................327

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 328

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 329

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................329

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 330

Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 330

Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................331

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 332

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................333

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................333

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................333

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................334

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................335

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................336

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................336

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................336

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................336

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................337

Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 337

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 337

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................338

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 339

Contents

11

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 340

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 341

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 341

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 342

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 342

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 343

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................343

Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................343

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 344

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................344

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 346

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 346

RPM Redundancy....................................................................................................................................................346

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 348

Support for RPM Redundancy by Dell Networking OS Version........................................................................ 349

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................349

Conguring RPM Redundancy.............................................................................................................................. 349

Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................................350

RPM Online Insertion and Removal.......................................................................................................................350

Linecard Online Insertion and Removal..................................................................................................................351

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 352

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................352

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 353

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 353

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................353

Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 353

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................354

Process Restartability................................................................................................................................................... 354

Enabling Process Restartability..............................................................................................................................354

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................356

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 356

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................356

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................356

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................358

Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................361

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................361

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 362

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................362

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................362

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 363

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 363

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................364

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................364

12

Contents

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 364

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................364

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................365

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................365

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 366

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 366

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 367

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................367

Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................. 367

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 368

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 369

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 370

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................370

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)..................................................................................................... 371

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type......................................................................................371

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 372

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................373

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 374

Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................374

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 376

Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 376

Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 376

Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 377

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 377

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................379

Enabling Energy Ecient Ethernet............................................................................................................................. 380

View EEE Information................................................................................................................................................... 380

Clear EEE Counters.......................................................................................................................................................384

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................385

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................385

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................386

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 386

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................386

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................387

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................387

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 388

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................388

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 388

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 389

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................389

Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 389

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 391

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 391

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................392

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 393

Contents

13

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 393

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................393

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................393

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................393

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 394

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................394

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 395

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................395

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 397

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel...............................................................................397

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 398

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 399

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................399

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................399

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................400

Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................401

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................ 401

Bulk Conguration Examples.................................................................................................................................. 401

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 403

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 403

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 403

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 403

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................404

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................405

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 405

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 406

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................406

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................407

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 408

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................409

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................409

Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 410

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................410

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................410

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 412

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................412

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 413

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 414

Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................415

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 416

Compressing Conguration Files..................................................................................................................................416

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 420

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................420

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 422

14

Contents

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................423

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................423

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................423

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................423

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................424

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................425

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 426

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................426

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 426

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................427

Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................427

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................427

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................428

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 428

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................429

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 429

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 430

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................430

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................430

Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................431

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 431

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................431

ARP Learning via ARP Request.................................................................................................................................... 431

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................432

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 433

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 433

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 433

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................433

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................433

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................434

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................434

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 434

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 435

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................435

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................436

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................436

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 437

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 437

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 438

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................438

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................439

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 439

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................439

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................440

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................442

Contents

15

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 443

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 444

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................445

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................446

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 446

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................447

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.....................................................................................................................447

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................447

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 448

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................449

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 449

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................450

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................450

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................451

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................451

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................452

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................452

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................452

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 453

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................453

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................455

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................455

Disabling ND Entry Timeout...................................................................................................................................455

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 456

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface......................................................................................................... 457

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 458

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 459

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................459

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................461

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows...................................................................................... 461

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows........................................................................................................461

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 462

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................462

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................463

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 463

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................464

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 464

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................464

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 466

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 468

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 468

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................468

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 469

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 469

16

Contents

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................470

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................470

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................470

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................470

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................470

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................471

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................472

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................479

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 480

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................482

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................483

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................484

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 484

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 485

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................486

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 486

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 486

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................486

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................488

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................489

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)............................................................................................... 491

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP................................................................................................................... 491

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 491

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 492

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 492

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 493

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................493

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 493

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................494

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................494

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 495

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................495

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 497

LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................497

Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................497

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 506

Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................506

Clearing the MAC Address Table...........................................................................................................................506

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................506

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................507

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 507

MAC Learning Limit....................................................................................................................................................... 507

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 508

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 508

Contents

17

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 508

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 509

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 509

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................509

Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................510

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................510

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................. 511

NIC Teaming.....................................................................................................................................................................511

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 512

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs......................................................................................... 514

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................515

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................516

Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 517

Enabling FEFD on an Interface................................................................................................................................517

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................518

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 520

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................520

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 520

Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................521

Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 521

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 523

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 523

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................527

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 527

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................527

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................528

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 528

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................528

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 529

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 529

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 530

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 530

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................531

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................532

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 533

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................533

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 534

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................540

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................540

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................540

Limitations of the NLB Feature.....................................................................................................................................541

Microsoft Clustering.......................................................................................................................................................541

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 541

Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................541

18

Contents

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 542

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................543

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................543

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................544

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 545

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................545

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................545

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 549

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................550

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 550

Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 550

Clearing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................551

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................551

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check...................................................................................... 551

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................554

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................555

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................555

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 556

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 556

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................557

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................557

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................558

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................558

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................559

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 560

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 561

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................561

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 563

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 566

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................566

Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................567

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................567

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 567

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................568

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 568

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................568

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 569

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................570

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 570

Changing the Region Name or Revision...................................................................................................................... 571

Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................................................571

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................572

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 573

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................574

Contents

19

MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 574

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 575

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................578

33 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................580

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................580

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 580

Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................581

IPv4 Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................................581

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 588

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 589

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 589

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................590

mtrace Scenarios............................................................................................................................................................591

34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................597

Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................597

Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................598

Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................598

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................599

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 600

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 600

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 600

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 600

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface....................................................................................................................................601

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 603

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................606

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 608

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................608

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 608

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 609

Networks and Neighbors.........................................................................................................................................610

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................. 610

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................612

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................612

Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................613

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................614

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 615

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................616

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................616

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.................................................................................................................... 616

OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 617

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers....................................................................................................... 617

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................618

20

Contents

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