H3C S9500 Series Operating instructions

Brand: H3C

Model: S9500 Series

Category: Network switches

Type: Operating instructions

H3C S9500 Series, a line of high-performance routing switches, delivers scalable, secure, and reliable connectivity for various networking scenarios. With its advanced hardware architecture, the S9500 Series offers high-density 10GE/25GE/40GE/100GE ports, enabling flexible network expansion and meeting the demands of bandwidth-intensive applications. Additionally, comprehensive Layer 2 and Layer 3 features, including static and dynamic routing protocols, ensure efficient and reliable data transmission.

Operation Manual – Static Routing

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Static Routing Configuration......................................................................................1-1

1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................1-1

1.1.1 Static Route.............................................................................................................1-1

1.1.2 Default Route ..........................................................................................................1-1

1.1.3 Application Environment of Static Routing..............................................................1-2

1.2 Configuring a Static Route.................................................................................................1-2

1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites.....................................................................................1-2

1.2.2 Configuration Procedure.........................................................................................1-3

1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Static Routes.........................................................................1-4

1.4 Configuration Example ......................................................................................................1-4

Operation Manual – Static Routing

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 Static Routing Configuration

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Chapter 1 Static Routing Configuration

When configuring a static route, go to the following sections for information you are

interested in:

z Introduction

z Configuring a Static Route

z Displaying and Maintaining Static Routes

z Configuration Example

 Note:

The term “router” in this document refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet

switch running routing protocols.

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Static Route

A static route is a special route that is manually configured by the network administrator.

If a network’s topology is simple, you only need configure static routes for the network

to work normally. The proper configuration and usage of static routes can improve a

network’s performance and ensure bandwidth for important network applications.

The disadvantage of using a static route is that, if a fault or a topological change occurs

to the network, the routes will be unavailable and the network breaks. In this case, the

network administrator has to modify the static routes manually.

1.1.2 Default Route

A router selects the default route only when it cannot find any matching entry in the

routing table.

If the destination address of a packet fails to match any entry in the routing table, the

router selects the default route to forward the packet.

If there is no default route and the destination address of the packet fails to match any

entry in the routing table, the packet will be discarded and an ICMP packet will be sent

to the source to report that the destination or the network is unreachable.

You can create the default route with both destination and mask being 0.0.0.0, and

some dynamic routing protocols, such as OSPF, RIP and IS-IS, can also generate the

default route.

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1.1.3 Application Environment of Static Routing

Before configuring a static route, you need to know the following concepts:

1) Destination address and mask

In the ip route-static command, an IPv4 address is in dotted decimal format and a

mask can be either in dotted decimal format or in the form of mask length (the digits of

consecutive 1s in the mask).

2) Output interface and next hop address

While configuring a static route, you can specify either the output interface or the next

hop address depending on the specific occasion. The next hop address can not be a

local interface IP address; otherwise, the route configuration will not take effect.

In fact, all the route entries must have a next hop address. When forwarding a packet, a

router first searches the routing table for the route to the destination address of the

packet. The system can find the corresponding link layer address and forward the

packet only after the next hop address is specified.

When specifying the output interface, note that:

z If the output interface is a NULL0 interface, there is no need to configure the next

hop address.

z If the output interface is a point-to-point interface, there is no need to configure the

next hop address. You need not change the configuration even if the peer’s

address changes. For example, a PPP interface obtains the peer’s IP address

through PPP negotiation, so you need only specify the output interface.

z If the output interface is an NBMA or P2MP interface, which support

point-to-multipoint network, the IP address to link layer address mapping must be

established. Therefore, it is recommended to configure both the next hop IP

address and the output interface.

z You are not recommended to specify a broadcast interface (such as an Ethernet

interface, virtual template, or VLAN interface) as the output interface, because a

broadcast interface may have multiple next hops. If you have to do so, you must

specify the corresponding next hop for the output interface.

3) Other attributes

You can configure different preferences for different static routes so that route

management policies can be applied more flexibly. For example, specifying the same

preference for different routes to the same destination enables load sharing, while

specifying different preferences for these routes enables route backup.

1.2 Configuring a Static Route

1.2.1 Configuration Prerequisites

Before configuring a static route, you need to finish the following tasks:

Operation Manual – Static Routing

H3C S9500 Series Routing Switches Chapter 1 Static Routing Configuration

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z Configure the physical parameters for related interfaces

z Configure the link-layer attributes for related interfaces

z Configure the IP addresses for related interfaces

1.2.2 Configuration Procedure

Follow these steps to configure a static route:

To do… Use the command… Remarks

Enter system

view

system-view

—

ip route-static dest-address { mask |

mask-length } { gateway-address |

interface-type interface-number

[ gateway-address ] | vpn-instance

d-vpn-instance-name gateway-address }

[ preference preference-value ] [ tag

tag-value ] [ description description-text ]

Configure a

static route

ip route-static vpn-instance

s-vpn-instance-name&<1-6> dest-address

{ mask | mask-length } { gateway-address

[ public ] | interface-type interface-number

[ gateway-address ] | vpn-instance

d-vpn-instance-name gateway-address }

[ preference preference-value ] [ tag

tag-value ] [ description description-text ]

Required

By default, the

preference of

static routes is

60, tag is 0, and

no description

information is

configured.

Configure the

default

preference for

static routes

ip route-static default-preference

default-preference-value

Optional

60 by default

 Note:

z If you specify the next hop of a static route and then configure the next hop as the IP

address of a local interface such as a VLAN interface, the static route cannot take

effect.

z If you do not specify the preference when configuring a static route, the default

preference will be used. Reconfiguring the default preference applies only to newly

created static routes.

z A description can describe the usage, function of some specific static routes for

easy and flexible management, classification and configuration of static routes.

z You can flexibly control static routes by configuring tag values and using the tag

values in the routing policy.

z If the destination IP address and mask are both configured as 0.0.0.0 with the ip

route-static command, the route is the default route.

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1.3 Displaying and Maintaining Static Routes

To do… Use the command… Remarks

View the current

configuration information

display current-configuration

View the brief information

of the IP routing table

display ip routing-table

View the detailed

information of the IP

routing table

display ip routing-table verbose

View information of static

routes

display ip routing-table protocol

static [ inactive | verbose ]

Available in

any view

Delete all the static routes

delete [ vpn-instance

vpn-instance-name ] static-routes all

Available In

system view

1.4 Configuration Example

I. Network requirements

The IP addresses and masks of the switches and hosts are shown in the following

figure. Static routes are required for interconnection between any two hosts.

II. Network diagram

Figure 1-1 Network diagram for static route configuration

III. Configuration procedure

1) Configure IP addresses for interfaces (omitted).

2) Configure static routes.

# Configure a default route on Switch A

<SwitchA> system-view

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[SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.4.2

# Configure two static routes on Switch B

<SwitchB> system-view

[SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.4.1

[SwitchB] ip route-static 1.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.6

# Configure a default route on Switch C

<SwitchC> system-view

[SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 1.1.5.5

3) Configure the hosts.

The default gateways for the three hosts A, B and C are 1.1.2.3, 1.1.6.1 and 1.1.3.1

respectively.

4) View the configuration result.

# Display the IP routing table of Switch A.

[SwitchA] display ip routing-table

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 7 Routes : 7

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 1.1.4.2 Vlan500

1.1.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 1.1.2.3 Vlan300

1.1.2.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

1.1.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 1.1.4.1 Vlan500

1.1.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

# Display the IP routing table of Switch B.

[SwitchB] display ip routing-table

Routing Tables: Public

Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface

1.1.2.0/24 Static 60 0 1.1.4.1 Vlan500

1.1.3.0/24 Static 60 0 1.1.5.6 Vlan600

1.1.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 1.1.4.2 Vlan500

1.1.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

1.1.5.4/30 Direct 0 0 1.1.5.5 Vlan600

1.1.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

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127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

1.1.6.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.47 Vlan100

1.1.6.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

# Use the ping command on Host B to check reachability to Host A (assuming that the

hosts run Windows XP).

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ping 1.1.2.2

Pinging 1.1.2.2 with 32 bytes of data:

Reply from 1.1.2.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253

Ping statistics for 1.1.2.2:

Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),

Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms

# Use the tracert command on Host B to check reachability to Host A.

[HostB] tracert 1.1.2.2

Tracing route to 1.1.2.2 over a maximum of 30 hops

1 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.6.1

2 <1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.4.1

3 1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 1.1.2.2

Trace complete.

H3C S9500 Series Operating instructions

Brand: H3C

Model: S9500 Series

Category: Network switches

Type: Operating instructions

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H3C S9500 Series Operating instructions

H3C S9500 Series Operating instructions

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