Adobe FrameMaker 9.0 Operating instructions

Using

ADOBE

®

9FRAMEMAKER

Last updated 9/27/2011

Copyright

Using Adobe® FrameMaker® 9 for Windows®

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iv

Last updated 9/27/2011

Contents

Chapter 1: Getting Started

Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Activation and registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Help and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Services, downloads, and extras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

What’s new in FrameMaker 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Chapter 2: FrameMaker Basics

User interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Accessibility features in FrameMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Opening, saving, and closing documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Chapter 3: Templates and Page Layout

Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Master pages and reference pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Page layouts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Multiflow documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Create documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Chapter 4: Text

Adding and editing text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Working with elements in structured documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Formatting text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Search for items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Check spelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Manage personal, document, and site dictionaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Use the Thesaurus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Multiple Undo/Redo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Working with multiple languages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Chapter 5: Tables

About tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

Insert, move, or remove a table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

Text and graphics in tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Formatting tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Table position and spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Chapter 6: Graphics

Graphics and objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Using color in text and objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

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USING FRAMEMAKER 9

Contents

Last updated 9/27/2011

Anchored frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Using RoboScreenCapture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Chapter 7: Dynamic Documents

Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Hypertext and view-only documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Hypertext commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Create hypertext links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Create ways to start, open, and close applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Test and troubleshoot hypertext documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Add hypertext links to generated files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

FluidView format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

Cross-references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

Chapter 8: Books and Long Documents

About books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Create books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Managing books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

Generate and update books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302

Tables of contents or other lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

Creating indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Formatting lists and indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Footnotes and endnotes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334

Conditional documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340

Troubleshooting books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Chapter 9: Working with Documents

Importing and linking files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

Embedding objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Export text and graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376

Managing files using WebDAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380

Chapter 10: Editing Content

Identify changes by tracking edited text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392

Identify revised text with change bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Compare versions to view changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396

Determine word and character count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

Import PDF comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

Chapter 11: Structured Authoring

Introduction to structured authoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

Migrating from unstructured FrameMaker to XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

Converting unstructured files to structured documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

XML with FrameMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

Filter By Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

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Chapter 12: Structured Authoring Using DITA

Why DITA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429

DITA support in FrameMaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430

DITA topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434

DITA maps and bookmaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437

DITA content references (conrefs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441

DITA cross-references and links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444

Conditional processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449

Chapter 13: Generating Output

Generating PDFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452

Generating print output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

Generating HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

Chapter 14: Using FrameMaker with RoboHelp

Importing FrameMaker documents into RoboHelp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

Chapter 15: Keyboard Shortcuts

About keyboard shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508

Navigating through documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Keys for screen modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

Dialog boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511

Keys for selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

Menu commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514

Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527

Book commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529

Keys for finding and changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530

Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531

Document design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533

Document utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534

Text formatting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536

Character and Paragraph Designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538

Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538

Track Text Edit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 541

Editing text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 542

Entering special characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543

Function keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

Keys for drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545

Keys for editing objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547

Keys for adding color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549

Keys for equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550

Filter By Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

Markers and variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564

Working with structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564

Element menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565

Other useful shortcuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566

Index ...............................................................................................................567

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Chapter 1: Getting Started

Resources

Before you begin working with FrameMaker 9, take a few moments to read an overview of activation and the many

resources available to you. You have access to instructional videos, plug-ins, templates, user communities, seminars,

tutorials, RSS feeds, and much more.

Activation and registration

To review complete system requirements and recommendations for your Adobe® FrameMaker® 9 software, see the

FrameMaker product page at

www.adobe.com/products/framemaker.

Install the software

1 Close any Adobe applications open on your computer.

2 Insert the installation disc into your disk drive, and follow the onscreen instructions.

You can also install FrameMaker 9 from the command line. You can get Help on the command-line parameters:

❖ Type setup.exe /help

Help with installation

For help with installation issues, see the Installation Support Center at www.adobe.com/go/learn_fm_install_en.

License activation

During the installation process, your Adobe software contacts an Adobe server to complete the license activation

process. No personal data is transmitted. For more information on product activation, visit the Adobe website at

www.adobe.com/go/activation.

A single-user retail license activation supports two computers. For example, you can install the product on a desktop

computer at work and on a laptop computer at home. If you want to install the software on a third computer, first

deactivate it on one of the other two computers. Choose Help

> Deactivate.

Register

Register your product to receive complimentary installation support, notifications of updates, and other services.

❖ To register, follow the onscreen instructions in the Registration dialog box, which appears when you first start the

software.

If you postpone registration, you can register at any time by choosing Help > Registration.

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Help and support

Community Help

Community Help is an integrated environment on Adobe.com that gives you access to community-generated content

moderated by Adobe and industry experts. Comments from users help guide you to an answer. Search Community

Help to find the best content on the web about Adobe products and technologies, including these resources:

• Videos, tutorials, tips and techniques, blogs, articles, and examples for designers and developers.

• Complete online Help, which is updated regularly and may contain more information than the Help delivered with

FrameMaker 9. If you are connected to the Internet when you access Help, you automatically see the updated online

Help. You can access the Help delivered with FrameMaker 9 from the Help menu.

• All other content on Adobe.com, including knowledgebase articles, downloads and updates, Adobe Developer

Connection, and more.

Use the Help search field in your product’s user interface to access Community Help. You can search for content

within the Adobe.com site and also in websites that have useful information about your product. Moderators continue

to identify the most relevant web content for your product. You can add comments to online Help and view comments

added by other users. For a video of Community Help, see

www.adobe.com/go/learn_community_help_en.

Adobe Help Viewer 2

Adobe Help Viewer 2 is an Adobe® AIR™ application that seamlessly merges the online and offline experience. When

online, you get the most recently updated product Help on the web. You can also access an Adobe PDF version of Help.

When offline, you access Help installed with the product on your system. Adobe Help Viewer 2 has a user-friendly

interface that supports advanced navigation features. For example, you can get overviews of topics through mini TOCs

and bookmark local and online content.

The search feature supports both online and offline modes. Adobe Help Viewer 2 searches content in Community

Help when you are online and the Help installed with the product when you are offline. Online search suggestions offer

relevant results from product Help, Adobe.com, and other websites. Offline search uses indexes to return preferred

topics for key terms.

You can use the commenting feature to post your comments to Adobe.com or add notes for your own reference. Your

feedback on Help content is welcome.

Note: For a video of Adobe Help Viewer, see www.adobe.com/go/learn_air_viewer2_en.

Other resources

Online Help also includes a link to the complete, updated PDF version of Help.

Visit the Adobe Support website at www.adobe.com/support to learn about free and paid technical support options.

Services, downloads, and extras

You can enhance your product by integrating various services, plug-ins, and extensions in your product. You can also

download samples and other assets to help you get your work done.

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Adobe downloads

Visit www.adobe.com/go/downloads to find free updates, trials, and other useful software.

Adobe Labs

Adobe Labs at www.adobe.com/go/labs gives you the opportunity to experience and evaluate new and emerging

technologies and products from Adobe. At Adobe Labs, you have access to resources such as these:

• Prerelease software and technologies

• Code samples and best practices to accelerate your learning

• Early versions of product and technical documentation

• Forums, wiki-based content, and other collaborative resources to help you interact with like-minded users

Adobe Labs fosters a collaborative software development process. In this environment, customers quickly become

productive with new products and technologies. Adobe Labs is also a forum for early feedback. The Adobe

development teams use this feedback to create software that meets the needs and expectations of the community.

Adobe TV

Visit Adobe TV at http://tv.adobe.com to view instructional and inspirational videos.

What’s new in FrameMaker 9

Adobe® FrameMaker® 9 includes many key enhancements, an improved user interface, ability to customize the

workspace, and new ways to organize files in books. Support for DITA is also enhanced. You now have the ability to

import Adobe PDF comments and work with files on a server.

Interface enhancements

FrameMaker 9 has a new interface that includes these features:

Tabbed document windows Multiple open documents are organized into a tabbed document view for easy switching.

Pods Pods are panes that can float anywhere in the FrameMaker workspace. FrameMaker 9 provides pods for some

of the most frequently used features, such as conditional text, cross-references, markers, variables, fonts, and insets.

Tabbed and dockable panels Most commonly used dialog boxes have been converted to modeless panels. You can

dock, stack, and minimize these panels as you work in FrameMaker.

Toolbars Commonly used icons are now available in new toolbars for text, table, and paragraph formats; graphics;

object alignment; and properties.

Predefined and customizable workspaces Default workspaces for various workflows, such as structured authoring,

review, or DITA authoring, are now available. You can create custom workspaces by moving and manipulating the

document windows and panels.

See a demo of the FrameMaker workspaces:

http://www.adobe.com/designcenter/framemaker/videos/Workspaces_demo/ba_workspaces_demo.swf.

More Help topics

“User interface” on page 7

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Pods

The following most frequently used dialog boxes have a new interface designed to simplify your work.

Complete list of instances in a document For example, the Markers pod lists all the markers in a selected document.

Easy selection of an instance For example, you can select a marker entry from the pod instead of the document.

Instant navigation to the document context For example, selecting a marker from the pod simultaneously highlights

the marker in the document.

Ability to perform any operation from the pod For example, you can create, edit, delete, or search for any instance

from a pod.

New pods in FrameMaker 9:

Conditional text pod Manage conditions in a document from a single pod. Create or edit conditions, apply

conditional criteria to documents, and view versions based on conditions.

Cross-references pod Manage cross-references in a selected document or all open documents. Add, edit, and

troubleshoot internal and external cross-references across multiple documents from a single pod.

Markers pod Manage markers in the selected document or all open documents. Add, edit, search, and troubleshoot all

types of markers in a document from a single pod.

Fonts pod Lists fonts, including combined fonts, used in a document. The Replace Font pod lists the pages where a

font is used, making it easier to swap in unavailable fonts.

Insets pod Manage and troubleshoot insets in a document, including text insets, graphics, and multimedia objects

imported by reference or copied into documents.

Variables pod Create, insert, edit, and delete variables, or convert them to text. Perform any of the variables-related

operations using the Variables pod.

More Help topics

“Using pods” on page 20

“Conditional text pod” on page 342

“Cross-reference pod overview” on page 279

“Variables pod” on page 83

DITA

FrameMaker 9 has enhanced support for DITA 1.1. Some of the key DITA-related enhancements are as follows.

• New dockable user interface for editing and managing DITA maps and bookmaps like a FrameMaker book.

• Enhanced support for <xref> and <conref> elements, including support for nontextual elements, such as graphic

objects, tables, and table components as well as <conref> elements from DITA maps.

• Conditional processing through a DITAVAL file to create custom outputs.

• Enhanced support for relationship tables and <lockTitle> attributes.

• DITA indexing specialization, which allows for Index, See, and See Also entries.

• Ability to save a DITA map as a composite FrameMaker document for further processing. You can directly print a

composite document to a PDF without using DITA Open Toolkit.

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More Help topics

“Structured Authoring Using DITA” on page 429

Book enhancements

The book feature has been considerably enhanced in FrameMaker 9. You can create mixed hierarchical books that can

include XML and DITA files, folders, groups, and child books at multiple sublevels.

Mixed books You can now include multiple file types, such as XML and DITA files along with FM files in a book.

Structured FrameMaker provides full support for XML files, including the ability to specify conditional text and

numbering information.

Folders You can use folders in a book to organize files and set numbering properties on a folder. You can include

multiple subfolders within a folder and associate templates with a folder. A folder, depending on where it appears in

the book hierarchy, works like a chapter, section, or subsection with subordinate components.

Groups You can also organize files into groups.

Book in a book You can now include a book within a book to build a complex hierarchical parent book.

Bookmaps and DITA maps in a book You can also include XML maps, such as bookmaps and DITA maps in a book.

Search Search and replace works on all book components except child books, DITA maps, and folder templates.

Section and subsection numbering You can use the new variables <$sectionnum> and <$subsectionnum> to set

numbering properties for book components at the section or subsection level.

Exclude property You have the flexibility to prevent the publishing of selected files by setting the Exclude property.

Saving hierarchical books You can save hierarchical books as MIF, XML, SGML, or HTML files, FrameMaker 8 book

files, or PDFs.

More Help topics

“About books” on page 290

PDF comments

In FrameMaker 9 you can import comments and text edits from a tagged PDF into your source FrameMaker files. You

can import the following types of comments into a FrameMaker 9 document:

• Sticky notes

• Highlights

• Highlights with comments

• Text additions

• Text replacements

• Text edits, such as underlining

• Text deletion or strikethrough

Comments are inserted as tracked text edits or tracked markers that you can accept or reject as required.

More Help topics

“Import PDF comments” on page 399

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Enhanced access to files using their HTTP paths

FrameMaker 9 is IPv6 compliant and supports IPv6 URLs. FrameMaker also supports HTTP paths ubiquitously in all

FrameMaker workflows. You can create, open, save, update, check in, and check out files directly on a WebDAV-

enabled server by specifying the HTTP path of the file through the Browse URL dialog box. This feature provides a

quicker and more intuitive way of working with files stored on remote WebDAV-enabled servers. You can access and

cross-reference all FrameMaker supported files, including graphics, by specifying the HTTP path of the file.

More Help topics

“Managing files using WebDAV” on page 380

Character palette and Hex Input palette

Unicode support in FrameMaker 9 has been extended. You can now use a UTF-32-enabled character palette and Hex

Input palette to enter Unicode characters in a document.

More Help topics

“Using the Character palette” on page 177

“Using the Hex Input palette” on page 178

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Chapter 2: FrameMaker Basics

User interface

Basics

The Welcome screen

From the FrameMaker Welcome screen, you can perform the following tasks:

• Open recently accessed documents

• Create documents, books, and DITA maps in case of Structured FrameMaker

• Access FrameMaker templates

• Access FrameMaker Help and guides

• Access other resource pages and updates from Adobe

Note: To switch off the Welcome screen, specify the following line in the Preferences section of the maker.ini file:

DontShowWelcomeScreen=On.

Workspace overview

A particular arrangement of elements, such as panels and pods that you use frequently while working on documents,

is called a workspace. You can dock, stack, minimize, or make these elements free-floating in your workspace. You can

select from several preset workspaces or create one of your own. Once you have arranged the panels and pods, you can

save the workspace settings for use later.

The FrameMaker interface has the following components.

• The Application bar across the top contains a workspace switcher, menus, and other application controls.

• The document window displays the file you’re working on. Document windows can be tabbed and, in certain cases,

grouped and docked.

• Panels help you monitor and modify your work. Examples include character, paragraph, and table designers; and

marker, variables, cross-references panels. You can minimize, group, stack, or dock panels.

• The status bar shows text formatting and pagination information for the current document.

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Note: Open the PDF help with Adobe Acrobat® 9 to view the FrameMaker 9 Workspaces video.

Interface preferences

Use this dialog box to specify whether FrameMaker should auto-collapse panels to icons or always open documents as tabs.

❖ Select File > Preferences > Interface and select the options you want.

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Default interface properties

A. Display hidden panels automatically B. On closing, panels are automatically hidden. C. Every time you open a document it is tabbed

automatically D. Hide single tabs in a document E. Composite documents like books and DITA maps are also opened as tabbed windows

F. Use the brightness slider to adjust the brightness of the FrameMaker application

Auto-Show Hidden Panels When you click UI Visibility all the docked panels are hidden and gray strips appear at

the docked sides. The docked panels appear automatically when you move the pointer near the gray strips. If you

deselect this option, all docked panels are permanently hidden.

Hide Panels On Close When you close panels they are hidden but are still active in memory and may occasionally

result in slow FrameMaker performance. For example, a document with multiple broken references to graphic files

may take longer to open even if you close the Insets pod.

If you deselect this option, FrameMaker removes panels when you close them. To display them again, you must choose

them from FrameMaker menus.

Open Documents As Tabs Opens all documents as tabbed documents. If you deselect this option, the document

windows become floating windows.

Hide Single Tabs In Documents Floating document windows display the document name only in the title bar. If you

deselect this option, the document name appears in both the title bar and the tab bar.

Open Composite Documents As Tabs Opens composite documents as tabbed documents. If you clear this option, the

composite document windows become floating windows.

Panels

Dock and undock panels

A dock is a collection of panels or panel groups displayed together in a vertical orientation. A dock is an arrangement

of non-floating panels. You dock and undock panels by moving them into and out of a dock.

A

B

C

D

F

E

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Docking a panel to the right of the document window. The blue highlight indicates the drop zone on the dock.

Note: Docking is not the same as stacking. A stack is a collection of floating panels or panel groups, joined top to bottom.

• To dock a panel, drag it by its tab into the dock, at the top, bottom, or in between other panels.

• To dock a panel group, drag it by its title bar (the solid empty bar above the tabs) into the dock.

• To remove a panel or panel group, drag it out of the dock by its tab or title bar. You can drag it into another dock

or make it free-floating.

Move panels

As you move panels, blue highlighted drop zone areas appear where you can drop the panel. For example, move a panel

up or down in a dock by dragging it to the narrow blue drop zone above or below another panel. If you drag to an area

that is not a drop zone, the panel floats freely in the workspace.

• To move a panel, drag it by its tab.

• To move a panel group or a stack of floating panels, drag the title bar.

Manipulate panel groups

• To move a panel into a group, drag the panel’s tab to the highlighted drop zone at the top of the group.

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Adding a panel to a panel group

• To rearrange panels in a group, drag a panel’s tab to a new location in the group.

• To remove a panel from a group so that it floats freely, drag the panel by its tab outside the group.

• To move a group, drag the title bar (the area above the tabs).

Stack floating panels

When you drag a panel out of its dock but not into a drop zone, the panel floats freely. You can position the floating

panel anywhere in the workspace. You can stack floating panels or panel groups so that they move as a unit when you

drag the topmost title bar.

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You can collect floating panels and group them into a stack.

• To stack floating panels, drag a panel by its tab to the drop zone at the bottom of another panel.

• To change the stacking order, drag a panel up or down by its tab.

Note: Be sure to release the tab over the narrow drop zone between panels, rather than the broad drop zone in a title bar.

• To remove a panel or panel group from the stack, so that it floats by itself, drag it out by its tab or title bar.

Resize panels

• To minimize or maximize a panel, panel group, or stack of panels, double-click a tab. You can also single-click the

tab area (the empty space next to the tabs).

• To resize a panel, drag any side of the panel.

Manipulate panels collapsed to icons

You can collapse panels to icons to reduce clutter on the workspace. In some cases, panels are collapsed to icons in the

default workspace.

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Collapse panels to icons

A. Panel icons B. Panel icons expanded

• To collapse or expand all panel icons in a dock, click the double arrow at the top of the dock.

• To expand a single panel icon, click it.

• To resize panel icons so that you see only the icons (and not the labels), adjust the width of the dock until the text

disappears. To display the icon text again, make the dock wider.

• To collapse an expanded panel back to its icon, click its tab, its icon, or the double arrow in the panel’s title bar.

• To add a floating panel or panel group to an icon dock, drag it in by its tab or title bar. (Panels are automatically

collapsed to icons when added to an icon dock.)

• To move a panel icon (or panel icon group), drag the icon. You can drag panel icons up and down in the dock, or

into other docks (where they appear in the panel style of that dock). You can also drag panel icons outside the dock

(where they appear as floating, expanded panels).

Tabbed documents

When you open more than one file, the document windows are tabbed. You can open documents as floating windows

by clearing the Open Documents As Tabs option in the Interface Preferences dialog box.

A

B

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Documents appear as tabs in the document view.

However, when you add a generated file, such as a Table Of Content, the generated file appears minimized in the lower

left corner of your workspace. There are multiple ways in which you can organize floating and tabbed document

windows.

• To dock a document window in a group of document windows, drag the window into the group.

• To rearrange the order of tabbed document windows, drag a window’s tab to a new location in the group.

• To undock a document window from a group of windows, drag the window’s tab out of the group.

Note: When you minimize a floating document window, it covers a part of the FrameMaker status bar. You cannot

move the minimized window to a new location.

Tips on working with the new interface

Adjust the UI brightness Adjust the UI brightness by using the UI Brightness slider under File > Preferences >

Interface.

Combine document windows To consolidate all document windows, floating, minimized, or docked, right-click the

tab bar of the docked document window and select Consolidate All To Here from the menu.

Float document windows Click Arrange Documents icon on the top Application bar and select Float All In Windows.

This arranges all the document windows as cascaded floating panels.

Tile documents Use the Arrange Documents icon to tile document windows vertically or horizontally. This is specially

useful for manually comparing documents and layering them side by side.

Bring hidden pods to the front Sometimes while working with floating document windows or when switching

workspaces, the pods may seem difficult to bring to the front.

• Undock the pods by dragging them out using the pod title bar.

• Dock all floating document windows. Right-click the docked tab bar and select Consolidate All To Here or drag

and dock the floating document windows.

Minimize pods to icons Right-click on the pods tab bar and select Collapse To Icons from the menu. This option is

available only if the pods are floating and not docked. To collapse docked pods, click anywhere in the tab bar.

Reopen the pods Choose View > Pods and click any pod name. The entire group of pods open at the bottom of the

workspace.

Reopen a panel Choose Windows and select Panels and select the panel you want to reopen.

Collapse all open panel groups to icons Right-click the tab bar of the panel group and select Collapse To Icons.

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Adobe FrameMaker 9.0 Operating instructions

Adobe FrameMaker 9.0 Operating instructions

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