CTC Union TRM01 User manual

Brand: CTC Union

Model: TRM01

Category: Network switches

Type: User manual

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Introduction …………………………………………... 1

1.1 General …………………………………………………….. 1

1.2 Functional Description ……………………………………. 1

1.3 Technical Specifications …………………………………... 3

1.4 T1 Signal Structure ……………………………………….. 4

1.5 Applications / Capabilities ………………………………… 6

Chapter 2. Installation ……………………………………………. 9

2.1 General …………………………………………………….. 9

2.2 Site Preparation …………………………………………… 9

2.3 Mechanical Assembly ……………………………………... 9

2.4 Electrical Installation ……………………………………… 10

2.5 Power Supply Modules …………………………………… 12

Chapter 3. Data Modules ………………………………………… 13

3.1 Data Modules Overview …………………………………... 13

3.2 Data Module LED Indicators …………………………….. 16

3.3 V.35 Data Module …………………………………………. 17

3.4 RS-530 Data Module ……………………………………… 18

3.5 RS-449 Data Module ……………………………………… 19

3.6 X.21 Data Module …………………………………………. 20

3.7 ET10 Ethernet Module ……………………………………. 21

Table of Contents

Chapter 4. Loop Back Testing …………………………………... 23

4.1 General ……………………………………………………... 23

4.2 User Activate Loop Back …………………………………. 23

4.3 T1 Link local digital loop back ……..…………….………. 23

4.4 Data Port local analog loop back ……………….………… 24

4.5 T1 Link remote loop back ………………………………… 24

4.6 BERT local loop back ……………...……………………… 25

4.7 BERT remote loop back for system test .………………… 25

Chapter 5. Troubleshooting ……………………………………… 27

5.1 General …………………………………………………….. 27

5.2 Connections .……………………………………………….. 27

5.3 Configuration ..…………………………………………….. 28

5.4 FT1 Card testing .………………………………………….. 29

Appendix A. DIP Switch Setting Tables ………………………. 33

Notes: …………………………………………………………………. 39

Technical Inquiry Card

Chapter 1. Introduction

1 TRM-01 APR 2000

1.1 General

The TRM-01 is a 4U (7") high 19" Rack, containing multiple T1

CSU/DSUs for Fractional T1 network access. The TRM-01 provides an

economic solution in high density T1 installations such as central offices. There

are 13 slots available for installation of FT1 Cards (G.703 Fractional T1) into

the TRM-01 compact RACK. An optional SNMP Card may be installed into

the last slot, for local and remote management purposes, leaving 12 slots

available for FT1 Cards. Each FT1 Card may be linked to a remote TTU-01

or TTU-01A stand alone T1 CSU/DSU Access Unit to provide a variety of

LAN-to-LAN, Video Conference, Host to client, or Host to Host applications

over T1 Network Services.

1.2 Functional Description

The TRM-01 may optionally incorporate two separate Power Module

supplies, which, depending on the model, may derive power from either an AC

power source (95~250VAC) or DC (-54 to -42VDC) power source. The power

supply modules provide for power redundancy and are hot swappable even

during the FT1 Cards' transmissions. The TRM-01 provides all interface

connections on the rear panel. BNC and Terminal Blocks are used for T1 Line

interface connections, while optional cable adapters are used to convert the

HDB26 DCE ports to V.35, RS-530, RS-449 or X.21. When an FT1/ET10

Card (Ethernet bridge interface) is installed in the TRM-01, the card can

provide either Ethernet bridging or repeating (non-filter mode) over the T1 link.

When cards are inserted in slots, LEDs on the front panel will show both the T1

Line and Data port statuses, Power Status, and any Alarm indications.

The FT1 Card data channels support user-selectable transmission rates,

which are integer multiples of 56Kbps or 64Kbps (fractional T1), up to a

maximum 2048Kbps (unframed T1), for a line attenuation of up to 43 dB on

twisted pair or coax cables. This provides an approximate operating range of up

to 2Km (over 22AWG wire).

The FT1 Card packs its data channel into user selected T1 link time slots.

The unused time slots may have IDLE code of 0xff or 0x7e inserted (in frame

mode) or they may insert the receive side time slot's data (In cascade mode).

The TRM-01 has three major types of FT1 Card data port interface

modules, which provide the desired interface: V.35, RS-530, or ET10 Ethernet.

X.21 and RS-449 interfaces are fully supported using the RS-530 (public) card

and appropriate X.21 and RS-449 adapter cables.

Chapter 1. Introduction

2 TRM-01 APR 2000

The TRM-01 and FT1 Cards fully meet all T1 specifications including

ITU-T G.703, G.704, G.706, G.732, and G.823.

Each FT1 Card features V.54 diagnostic capabilities for performing local

loop back and remote loop back. The operator at either end of the T1 line may

test both the FT1 Card and the line in the digital loop back mode. The loop

back is controlled by either a manual push-button switch or by the DTE

interface for V.35 or RS-530.

When the local loop back switch is activated, an internal 511 bit pseudo

random test pattern is generated, according to ITU-T, for direct end-to-end

integrity testing. The Err indicator LED flashes for each bit error detected.

Multiple clock source selection provides maximum flexibility in

connecting both the T1 and user data interface. The T1 link may be clocked

from the recovered receive clock, from user data port, or from an on-card

oscillator.

When the TRM-01 is ordered with an optional SNMP Card, the card is

placed in slot number 13. Each FT1 Card will have DIP Sw7-6 turned ON to

enable remote setting. In this mode, the other DIP switch settings are ignored

while the SNMP Card controls all settings (with the exception of termination

impedance). Control is accomplished either via local control on the

asynchronous RS-232 port with an ASCII terminal or via Ethernet and any

standard SNMP network management software. If the SNMP Card option is

not installed, slot number 13 may hold an additional FT1 Card.

Figure 1-1 : TRM-01 Block Diagram

Chapter 1. Introduction

3 TRM-01 APR 2000

1.3 Technical Specifications

T1 Link User Data Channels

• Framing

Unframed/Framed V.35

D4(SF) RS-530

ESF RS-449

X.21

• Bit Rate

1.544Mbps

• Interface Type

Ethernet 10Base-T

AMI

• I/F Connectors

HDB26 female

• Line Code

B8ZS

100 Ω

• Line Code

NRZ (except

Ethernet)

• Line

Impedance

Balanced

• Receive Level

0 to –36dB

Transmit Level

• Data Rate

1536Kbps(unframe)

nx56 or nx64Kbps

where N equal

1 ~24

Clock Modes Pulse

amplitude

3.00V ±10% (100Ω)

Mode 0

(DCT1)

Rx and Tx clock

recovered from T1

Zero

amplitude

±0.1V

• Transmit Frequency Tracking

Mode 1

(DCE2)

Rx and Tx clock

internal oscillator

Internal

timing

±30ppm

Mode 2

(DTT1)

Sync to Rx clock

(transparent)

Loopback

timing

±50ppm

Mode 3

(DTE2)

Tx from ETC and

Rx from ERC

External

timing

±100ppm

Mode 4

(DTE3)

Tx and Rx both

from ETC

• Jitter

performance

According to ITU-T

G.824

CTS constantly ON

• Complies with

ITU-T G.703,G.704,

G.706,G.733,G824

and ANSI T1 403

DSR constantly ON

except during test

BNC for unbalanced

• I/F connectors

5 pin Molex ™ for

balanced

• Handshaking

control signals

DCD constantly ON

(except during

signal loss)

• Timeslot

Allocation

User Defined

Table 1-1 : TRM-01 Specifications

Chapter 1. Introduction

4 TRM-01 APR 2000

1.4 T1 Signal Structure

The T1 line operates at a nominal rate of 1.544Mbps. The data transferred

over the T1 line is organized into frames, with each T1 frame containing 256

bits. The 256 bits are a total of the 24 time slots, each containing eight bits, that

carry the data payload.

T1 transmission utilizes two main types of framing: Superframe Format

(SF) and Extended Superframe Format (ESF). A T1 framing format that uses

the framing bit to provide maintenance and diagnostic functions. D4-frame - A

T1 line uses the D4 format, also known as the superframe (SF) format, to frame

data at the physical layer. The D4 format consists of 12 consecutive frames,

each separated by framing bits. Framing is necessary in order for equipment

receiving the T1 signal to be able to identify and extract the individual channels.

Superframe Format (SF)

SF - Also known as D4, T1 lines use this format to frame data at the

physical layer. The SF format consists of 12 consecutive frames, each separated

by framing bits.

Extended Superframe Format (ESF)

ESF is a framing format that consists of 24 consecutive frames separated

by framing bits. The ISDN specification advises that you use ESF with ISDN

D-channel signaling.

T1 line signal

The basic T1 line signal is coded using either the Alternate Mark

Inversion (AMI) or B8SZ rule.

Chapter 1. Introduction

5 TRM-01 APR 2000

In the AMI format, “ones” are alternately transmitted as positive and

negative pulses, whereas “zeros” are transmitted as a zero voltage level. AMI is

not used in most 1.544Mbps transmissions because synchronization loss occurs

during long strings of data zeros.

B8ZS: Abbreviation for bipolar with eight-zero substitution . A T-carrier

line code in which bipolar violations are deliberately inserted if user data

contains a string of 8 or more consecutive zeros. Note 1: B8ZS is used to ensure

a sufficient number of transitions to maintain system synchronization when the

user data stream contains an insufficient number of "ones" to do so. Note 2:

B8ZS is used in the European hierarchy at the T1 rate.

T1 link line coding

The TRM-01 supports two T1 line codes:

AMI coding.

B8ZS coding.

T1 framing formats

The TRM-01 supports three frame formats:

Unframed format.

SF Superframe Format.

ESF Extended Superframe Format.

Chapter 1. Introduction

6 TRM-01 APR 2000

1.5 Applications / Capabilities

In the following example, the TRM-01 is installed at an ISP's central

office and provides "last mile" access to corporate customers over dedicated T1

transmission lines. The customer site utilizes a single data port CSU/DSU,

which could be one of our pack series or standalone units. While utilizing

fraction T1 connections, the ISP can provide a variety of bandwidth options to

its customers. By varying timeslot assignments, data rates from 64Kbps up to

1536Kbps may be utilized in frame mode.

The FT1 Cards in the TRM-01 could all be set to internal oscillator

timing or they could receive timing from the DTE on the data port. The remote

units would all be set to recovery.

Figure 1-2 : T1 nest for ISP

In the next application example, the TRM-01 is used in a point-to-point

T1 line environment. Each FT1 Card acts as a stand alone Digital Access Unit,

connecting individual T1 lines to data port interfaces or bridging Ethernet LANs.

For any T1 link, one CSU/DSU should provide internal timing while the linked

unit should be set to recovery.

Figure 1-3 : Point-to-point Application of TRM-01

Chapter 1. Introduction

7 TRM-01 APR 2000

The next example utilizes the cascade capability of the FT1 Cards. In this

example, multiple FT1 Cards are set to “cascade”. Each card is assigned non-

overlapping timeslots of a single T1 line. In cascade mode, the FT1 Card

passes unused timeslot data transparently from Rx to Tx, creating a multiplexer

effect. By careful assignment of timeslots in the T1 frame, the TRM-01 could

be used as a 13 data channel multiplexer. It should also be noted however, that

removal or failure of any one card in this configuration would negatively effect

all other card data throughput.

Figure 1-4 : Multiplexer function (cascade mode) over T1 services

In the last application example, the TRM-01’s FT1 Cards provide

multiple data port connections via T1 lines connected through an T3 multiplexer

from an T3 line. Since the timing is normally passed from the network side, the

FT1 Cards should all be set to recovery.

Figure 1-5 : Multiple T1 Access via E3 multiplexer

Chapter 1. Introduction

8 TRM-01 APR 2000

This page left blank intentionally.

Chapter 2. Installation

9 TRM-01 APR 2000

2.1 General

This chapter explains in detail the requirements and procedures for the

installation of the TRM-01 Rack Mount Series T1 Digital Access Unit.

2.2 Site Preparation

Install the TRM-01 within reach of an easily accessible grounded AC

outlet. The outlet should be capable of furnishing 90 to 250 VAC. Allow at least

10cm (4 inch) clearance at the rear of the TRM-01 for signal lines and interface

cables.

2.3 Mechanical Assembly

The TRM-01 is designed for rack mount installation and only requires 4U

space (7") in a standard EIA 19 inch rack. It is highly recommended that the

unit be placed in a rack. The TRM-01 is delivered completely assembled. No

provision is made for bolting the TRM-01 to a tabletop.

Figure 2-1 : Rackmount Installation of the TRM-01 Unit

Chapter 2. Installation

10 TRM-01 APR 2000

2.4 Electrical Installation

2-4-1. Power connection

In the AC model, AC power is supplied to the TRM-01 through a standard

IEC 3-prong receptacle, located on the rear of the chassis. In the DC model,

DC –48V is connected to the lower terminal block, observing the proper

polarity. The TRM-01 should always be grounded through the protective earth

lead of the power cable in AC installations, or via the ground connection for DC

installations.

The line fuses for the TRM-01 are located on the Power Module units

themselves. Access to the fuses requires removal of the Power Module card.

The fuse, a 20mm type, is located in the fuse holder labeled "F1". Make sure

that only fuses of the same rating are used for replacement. Do not use repaired

fuses or short-circuit the fuse holder.

Figure 2-2 : Fuse Location on AC Power Module

Line

Fuse

Holder

Location

Power

Module

(one or two)

Mains

Switch

in back

TRM-01

Chassis

Chapter 2. Installation

11 TRM-01 APR 2000

2-4-2. Rear panel connectors

The FT1 Cards install into the front of the TRM-01 and receive DC

power from the back plane or “main board”. The back plane provides both DC

power to the T1 Cards and routes signals from the cards to the T1 (CSU) and

data port (DSU) connectors accessible at the rear of the TRM-01. Three

interface connector groups are provided for each slot. The T1 signals may use

either the Rx/Tx BNC pair for unbalanced transmissions or the 5pin Molex

connectors with terminal block adapters for balanced transmissions. The data

port connections are made with optional adapter cables, using a common panel

connector, HDB26F for all interfaces.

Figure 2-3 : TRM-01 Rear Panel Connections

HDB26F Data Port

T1 unbalanced BNCs

T1 balanced Molex

HDB26F to RJ-45

(

for FT1/ET10

)

Molex to terminal

post adapter

Alarm Relay Contacts

Mains Switch

IEC AC Mains Input

Chapter 2. Installation

12 TRM-01 APR 2000

2.5 Power Supply Modules

The Power Supply Modules in the TRM-01 are available in two

versions, AC or DC. The AC version supports input voltages of 90 to 250 volts

at frequencies of 50 to 60 Hertz. The DC version supports –42 to -54VDC input

voltage. Only one power supply module is required to power a completely full

rack. When two Power Supply Modules are installed, the supplies are hot

swappable, meaning any one supply may be removed and replaced without

impacting the operation of the TRM-01 Rack.

When an AC Power Module is used in the TRM-01, AC power enters

from the IEC mains input connector on the rear panel. AC power is supplied to

the AC Power Module card(s) when the mains toggle switch is closed. The AC

passes through the F1 fuse(s), located on the Power Module card(s). The AC

power is rectified and filtered before being passed to the regulator module. The

regulator module is factory adjusted to provide 48VDC to the back plane with

complete regulation and over-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature

protection.

When a DC Power Module is used in the TRM-01, DC –48V enters from

the terminal block on the rear panel (see Figure 2-4). DC power is supplied to

the DC Power Module card(s) when the mains toggle switch is closed. The DC

passes through the F1 fuse(s), located on the Power Module card(s). The DC

power passes through the rectifier and filtering circuits, which provide reverse

polarity protection before being passed to the DC-DC regulator module. The

regulator module is factory adjusted to provide 48VDC to the back plane with

complete regulation and over-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature

protection.

Figure 2-4 : DC Model Power Connection

3-pole terminal block

for –48VDC Input

plus Frame Ground

Mains Switch

Chapter 3. Data Modules

13 TRM-01 APR 2000

3.1 Data Module Overview

The Data Modules for the TRM-01 are FT1 (fractional T1) Cards which

slide into the TRM-01 chassis, and interface with the pack panel “main board”.

The back panel provides an interface connection to the FT1 cards for power,

T1 connection, data port connection and control logic (for optional SNMP/local

management terminal). The cards are designed to be “hot” swappable, meaning

the TRM-01 chassis need not be powered off in order to replace a card or pull it

for configuration setting. Each FT1 Card has a protection fuse and its own on

card DC-DC regulator. Each FT1 Card in the TRM-01 receives the DC buss

48VDC and uses its own on-card DC to DC converter to derive the required

operating voltage of 5VDC. Removal and installation of FT1 cards with the

rack chassis under power will not effect the operation of other FT1 cards. The

one exception to this would be a case where the improper fuse (rated too high)

were placed on a defective FT1 card, causing the main AC or DC power

module's fuse(s) to open. It should also be noted, that the FT1 cards themselves

have no redundancy. Therefore, if a card is pulled from the chassis while the

communication link is active, the link will be broken.

Removal of an FT1 Card is accomplished by loosing the two (2) captive

screws on the face plate of the card module, and then pulling the card straight

out of the chassis with the same screws. Apply equal pulling force to both top

and bottom captive screws to avoid the card binding in the rails of the chassis.

(refer to Figure 3-1) Replace the card by reversing the procedure, align in the

slot groove and gently seat the card. Retighten the captive screws.

Figure 3-1 : Removal/Replacement of FT1 Card in TRM-01 Chassis

Captive

Screws

TRM-01

Chassis

Card

Rails

Interface

Connector

FT1 Card

Configuration

DIP Switches

Chapter 3. Data Modules

14 TRM-01 APR 2000

Figure 3-2 : FT1 Card Detail

Push button

switches

for Test

Loop Back

Power, Status

and

Alarm LEDs

Interface

Connector

DC-DC

Converter

Power

Protection

Fuse

Configuration DIP Switches

Hardware Version, I/F Type

Chapter 3. Data Modules

15 TRM-01 APR 2000

The FT1 Card in the TRM-01 uses a common bare PC board. During

production, the card assembly is outfitted with the required interface circuitry

and firmware for a particular interface type. A check mark is placed in the box

as noted in the previous figure (shown with V.35 checked). The appropriate

interface adapter cable is then necessary for proper functioning. Care must

always be taken when swapping boards. Always check and match the correct

type. The three board types are RS-530 (public), V.35 and ET10 (Ethernet).

X.21 and RS-449 interfaces are fully supported by adapter cable paired to the

RS-530 (public) card.

There are seven (7) DIP (Dual Inline Package) Switches located along the

top of the FT1 Card numbered DIPSW1~7. The switches functions are to set

the T1 line connection impedance, frame mode, Time Slot allocation, clock

mode, line code, CRC, idle code, and data channel interface rate. Please refer to

Appendix A for the setting tables.

Located on the upper half of the front panel are the indicator LEDs. There

is a green power indicator which will light when the card is placed in an active

chassis. Failure of this LED to light indicates a possible power failure on the

FT1 Card itself. The TD, RD, RTS, and DCD yellow LEDs indicate status of

the data communication port. The red TxCLK, signal loss, sync loss and alarm

LEDs all indicate error conditions on the T1 line or link connection. When loop

back testing is being performed, the red test LED will light. If any bits are

received in error, the red err LED will flash.

Located on the lower half of the front panel are the manual test switches.

The top three switches set the type of loop back test to be performed. The

bottom switch enables the internal pattern generator. The Loc dig loopbk (local

digital loop back) switch tests the performance of the local FT1 Card, the

remote unit and the connections between by looping back the T1 received data

to the remote unit. The Loc ana loopbk (local analog loop back) switch tests the

performance of the local FT1 Card, the data terminal device and the

connections between by looping back the received terminal’s data back to the

terminal. The Rem loopbk (remote digital loop back) switch tests the

performance of the local and remote units, as well as the line, by issuing a

proprietary loop back command to the remote CSU/DSU. In order to perform

remote loop back, the FT1 Card must not be in unframed mode. When the

Pattern switch is depressed, the local FT1 Card sends out a 511-bit test pattern

(according to ITU-T V.54) on the T1 link, enabling testing of the entire link.

Refer to Chapter 4 for detailed diagrams of the loop back functions of the TRM-

01’s FT1 Card.

Chapter 3. Data Modules

16 TRM-01 APR 2000

3.2 Data Module LED Indicators

PWR: This green LED should be lit when the chassis is

powered and the FT1 Card is seated in the rack slot.

TD: This yellow LED will flash when there is transmit data

activity from the connected DTE equipment to the FT1 Card.

RD: This yellow LED will flash when there is receive data

activity from the FT1 Card to the connected DTE equipment.

RTS: This yellow LED will be lit when the Request To Send

signal is active on the data port.

DCD: This yellow LED will be lit when the carrier signal is

active between the DSU and the connected DTE equipment.

TxCLK Loss: This red LED will light in the event of CSU

clock signal loss.

Sig Loss: This red LED will light in the event of CSU signal

loss.

Alarm: This red LED will light in the event of the following

alarm conditions: Remote Alarm Indication (RAI), Bi-Polar

Violation (BPV) error, All ones (AIS), CRC4 error, or Frame

Slip.

Err: This red LED will flash upon receiving an error while in

BERT mode (pattern depressed and looped back).

Test: This red LED will light if any of the test pushbuttons are

depressed or if the FT1 Card is in analog loop back due to

reception of a V.54 remote loop back code from the remote unit.

Figure 3-3 : FT1 Card face (RS530 public

card for RS-530, X.21, or RS-449)

FT1

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CTC Union TRM01 User manual

Brand: CTC Union

Model: TRM01

Category: Network switches

Type: User manual

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CTC Union TRM01 User manual

CTC Union TRM01 User manual

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