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PowerSwitch S4048T-ON

Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON Owner's manual

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Dell EMC Conguration Guide for the S4048T–
ON System
9.14.1.0
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2018 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks
may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2018 - 11
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................37
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................37
Conventions...................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Related Documents..........................................................................................................................................................37
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 38
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................38
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................38
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................40
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................44
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................44
Command History............................................................................................................................................................45
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................45
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 45
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................46
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................47
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................48
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................49
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................49
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................49
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 50
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 50
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 50
Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 50
Congure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................50
Congure a Management Route...............................................................................................................................51
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................51
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................52
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................52
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 53
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................53
Save the Running-Conguration............................................................................................................................. 55
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 56
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................56
Compressing Conguration Files..............................................................................................................................57
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 59
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 60
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 60
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................. 61
Verify Software Images Before Installation....................................................................................................................61
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 62
4 Management................................................................................................................................................63
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................63
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................63
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 64
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................64
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................64
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................64
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 66
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 66
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 66
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 67
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................68
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................69
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................69
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server.......................................................................................................71
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 71
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 71
Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................71
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................72
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................73
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................73
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................73
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.....................................................................................................74
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 75
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................75
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 75
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 75
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 76
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................76
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................76
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 77
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.................................................................................................................... 78
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 79
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 79
File Transfer Services...................................................................................................................................................... 80
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................80
Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................80
Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 80
Conguring FTP Client Parameters..........................................................................................................................81
Terminal Lines....................................................................................................................................................................81
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................82
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................83
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 84
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................84
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................85
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................85
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................86
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86
Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot...............................................................................................................87
5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 89
Port-Authentication Process...........................................................................................................................................91
EAP over RADIUS.......................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................92
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 92
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................92
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 93
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................94
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 95
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 96
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................96
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 97
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................98
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 99
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................100
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 100
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 102
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 102
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 103
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................103
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 103
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................104
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 105
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 106
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 107
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 107
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 108
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................109
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................110
Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................ 110
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................112
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................112
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................114
Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................116
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................117
Contents
5
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 117
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 118
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 118
IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 118
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 119
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................119
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 120
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................121
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................121
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................123
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................123
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................124
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................124
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................125
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 125
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 126
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).....................................................................................................127
IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................127
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 128
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 128
ACL Remarks................................................................................................................................................................... 131
Conguring a Remark............................................................................................................................................... 131
Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 132
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 133
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................133
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................134
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 134
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 135
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................136
Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................136
Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................137
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................137
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................138
Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 139
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 142
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................143
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................143
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 144
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 144
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................145
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 146
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 147
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................149
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 149
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 149
6
Contents
Congure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 150
Congure BFD for Static Routes.............................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................155
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................157
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................162
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................165
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 167
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................175
Conguring Protocol Liveness.................................................................................................................................177
9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).................................................................................................................178
BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview.......................................................................................................................... 178
BGP Autonomous Systems........................................................................................................................................... 179
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 180
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................182
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................182
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................183
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 183
BGP global and address family conguration..............................................................................................................184
BGP global conguration default values................................................................................................................184
BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................185
Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................185
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 187
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 187
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................188
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................189
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................190
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 190
Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS..........................................................................................................191
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support.......................................................................................................................191
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes......................................................................................... 191
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 192
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 192
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................193
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 193
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................194
Basic BGP conguration tasks......................................................................................................................................194
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 194
Conguring a BGP peer...........................................................................................................................................197
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 198
Conguring a BGP VRF address family.................................................................................................................199
Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration................................................................................................................201
Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................204
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................204
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................204
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 205
Contents
7
Conguring Peer Groups........................................................................................................................................ 206
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................. 214
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 215
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................216
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 217
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................218
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 219
Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................220
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................221
Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP.....................................................................................................................222
Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 225
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................227
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................227
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 228
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................230
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................230
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............. 231
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................231
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................232
Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................232
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 234
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 234
Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................236
Setting the extended timer.....................................................................................................................................237
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................238
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 239
Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 240
MBGP support for IPv6................................................................................................................................................240
Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.................................................................................................................... 240
Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors.......................................................................................................... 241
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor............................................... 243
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................245
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 245
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................246
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 247
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 248
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................249
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................249
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................251
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 251
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................253
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................253
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 254
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 255
8
Contents
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................255
QoS CAM Region Limitation.................................................................................................................................. 255
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 256
Congure Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................................257
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 258
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 260
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets..................................................................................................................................... 261
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 264
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 264
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 267
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................267
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 268
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................269
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................270
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow................................................................................................................... 271
Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................271
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................272
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................273
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 273
Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................274
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 275
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................275
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 276
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 276
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map......................................................................................................................... 277
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:.................................................................................................................. 277
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................279
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................279
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................279
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................280
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................280
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 281
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................. 281
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 281
Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................282
ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 283
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................283
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................284
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................285
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................286
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 286
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................286
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................286
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 287
Contents
9
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 288
Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................288
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................289
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 289
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 290
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................290
Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................291
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 294
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................304
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 305
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................306
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................307
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................308
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 308
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................310
Implementation Information........................................................................................................................................... 311
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................... 311
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................312
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................313
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 314
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................314
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 314
Creating Manual Binding Entries.............................................................................................................................314
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................315
Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 315
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 315
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................ 317
Conguring the DHCP Client System....................................................................................................................317
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................319
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................319
DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs........................................................................ 320
Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent................................................................... 320
Non-default VRF conguration for DHCPv6 helper address....................................................................................321
Conguring DHCP relay source interface...................................................................................................................322
Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ....................................................................................... 322
Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................322
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................324
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 324
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 324
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................325
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................329
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 330
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 330
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 332
Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 332
10
Contents
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 333
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................333
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................334
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 334
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 335
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................335
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 335
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 335
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 336
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 336
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................337
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 337
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................337
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................338
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 339
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................342
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 342
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 342
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 344
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................346
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 346
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................346
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 346
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 347
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................348
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................348
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 348
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 349
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................349
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................350
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 355
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................357
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 357
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................357
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................358
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................358
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 358
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 359
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 360
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................360
Contents
11
Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................361
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 361
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................362
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 363
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................364
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 364
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................364
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................365
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 366
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................367
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 367
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 367
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................367
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 368
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................368
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................368
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................369
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................370
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 371
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 372
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................372
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................373
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 373
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................374
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 374
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................374
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................375
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................375
19 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................................................377
Component Redundancy...............................................................................................................................................377
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................377
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 378
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover..................................................................................................................................378
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.......................................................................................................................... 379
Disabling Auto-Reboot.............................................................................................................................................379
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 379
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 379
Hitless Behavior..............................................................................................................................................................379
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 380
Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 380
Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 380
System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................380
Failure and Event Logging....................................................................................................................................... 381
Hot-Lock Behavior......................................................................................................................................................... 381
12
Contents
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................382
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................382
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................382
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 382
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 384
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 387
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 387
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 388
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................388
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................389
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 389
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 389
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 390
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................393
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................393
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 393
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................393
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................394
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................394
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 395
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 395
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................396
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................396
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................396
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 397
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 398
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................399
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................399
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 400
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................400
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................401
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................402
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................403
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................403
21 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................405
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................405
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................405
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................406
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................406
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................408
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................409
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................409
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................409
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 410
Contents
13
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 410
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 410
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................... 411
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................... 411
Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface........................................................................................................412
Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface.......................................................................413
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)...................................................................................................................................413
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 413
Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................414
Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................414
Conguring Management Interfaces..................................................................................................................... 414
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 416
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 416
Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................417
Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................418
Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................418
Port Channel Denition and Standards..................................................................................................................418
Port Channel Benets..............................................................................................................................................418
Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 418
Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................419
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces..................................................................................................419
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................420
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................420
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................422
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 422
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 423
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 424
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 424
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................424
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................425
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 425
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................425
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................426
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 427
Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................427
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 428
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................428
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 429
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 429
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................430
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................ 431
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................432
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................433
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................433
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................434
14
Contents
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 435
Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................435
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................ 437
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 438
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 439
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 439
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................440
Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................441
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................441
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................441
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................443
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................443
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 444
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................445
Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................447
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................447
Discard Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 448
Display discard counters......................................................................................................................................... 448
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec).......................................................................................................... 450
Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................450
23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................452
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................453
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................453
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................453
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................453
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 454
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................455
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 456
Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................456
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................456
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 456
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 457
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 457
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................458
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................458
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 458
Conguring DNS with Traceroute............................................................................................................................... 459
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 460
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 460
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................460
Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 461
Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................461
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 461
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................461
Contents
15
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 462
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................462
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 463
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 463
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 463
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................464
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................464
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 464
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................464
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 464
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 465
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................465
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................466
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................466
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................467
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 467
24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................468
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................468
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................469
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 469
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................469
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................470
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................472
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 473
Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 474
ICMPv6........................................................................................................................................................................... 475
Path MTU discovery......................................................................................................................................................476
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 476
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................477
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.....................................................................................................................477
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................477
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 478
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................479
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 479
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................480
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................480
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface............................................................................................................481
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route.................................................................................................................................481
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................482
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................482
Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 482
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 483
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................483
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................485
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................485
16
Contents
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 485
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 486
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface......................................................................................................... 487
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................488
25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 489
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................489
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................491
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows...................................................................................... 491
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows........................................................................................................491
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 492
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................492
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................493
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 493
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................494
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 494
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................494
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 496
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 498
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 498
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................498
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 499
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 499
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 500
Adjacencies.............................................................................................................................................................. 500
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 500
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 500
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 500
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 501
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................502
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................509
Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................510
Redistributing IPv4 Routes......................................................................................................................................512
Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................513
Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................514
Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................514
Debugging IS-IS........................................................................................................................................................515
IS-IS Metric Styles..........................................................................................................................................................516
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................ 516
Maximum Values in the Routing Table................................................................................................................... 516
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only.................................................................................................516
Leaks from One Level to Another...........................................................................................................................518
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................519
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)............................................................................................... 521
Contents
17
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP................................................................................................................... 521
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 521
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 522
Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 522
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 523
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................523
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 523
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................524
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 524
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 525
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................525
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 527
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................527
Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................527
28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................536
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 536
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 536
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................536
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................537
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 537
MAC Learning Limit....................................................................................................................................................... 537
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 538
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 538
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 538
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 539
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 539
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................539
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 540
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................540
Enabling port security.............................................................................................................................................. 541
NIC Teaming....................................................................................................................................................................541
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................542
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 544
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................545
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................546
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 547
Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................547
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................548
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 550
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 550
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................550
Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................551
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 551
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 553
18
Contents
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 553
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................557
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 557
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................557
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................558
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................558
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................558
Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................559
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................559
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................559
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................559
Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs..........................................................................................................561
Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................................561
Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs...............................................................................................561
Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.........................................................................................................................561
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 562
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................562
Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors.............................................................................. 562
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................564
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval.......................................................................................................................565
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval.......................................................................................................................565
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 565
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 566
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................567
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 568
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 573
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 573
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 573
Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 574
Microsoft Clustering...................................................................................................................................................... 574
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding .............................................................................................................................574
Conguring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 574
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 575
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................576
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 576
Anycast RP..................................................................................................................................................................... 577
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................578
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................ 578
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 578
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 582
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 583
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................583
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................583
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 584
Contents
19
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 584
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................584
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................587
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................588
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................588
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 589
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 589
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................590
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................590
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 591
Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................591
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................592
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................593
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................594
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 594
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 596
35 Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol..................................................................................................... 599
MLD Version 1................................................................................................................................................................ 599
MLD Querier Router......................................................................................................................................................599
Joining a Multicast Group.............................................................................................................................................600
Leaving a Multicast Group............................................................................................................................................600
MLD version 2................................................................................................................................................................600
MLD timers.....................................................................................................................................................................602
Reducing Host Response Burstiness.................................................................................................................... 603
Conguring MLD Version..............................................................................................................................................603
Clearing MLD groups.....................................................................................................................................................603
Debugging MLD.............................................................................................................................................................603
Explicit Tracking............................................................................................................................................................. 603
Reducing Leave Latency...............................................................................................................................................604
Displaying MLD groups table........................................................................................................................................604
Displaying MLD Interfaces............................................................................................................................................604
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 605
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................605
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 606
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 606
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................606
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 607
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................607
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................607
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 608
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................609
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................609
Changing the Region Name or Revision......................................................................................................................610
Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................................................610
20
Contents
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