Dell PowerSwitch S4048-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4048–ON

System

9.14.1.5

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

may be trademarks of their respective owners.

2019 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................38

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................38

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................38

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 38

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 39

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................39

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................39

Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................................................41

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 44

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 44

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................45

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 45

Command History............................................................................................................................................................46

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................46

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 46

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode........................................................................................................................... 47

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................48

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................49

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................49

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................50

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................50

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................50

Default Conguration....................................................................................................................................................... 51

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................ 51

Accessing the System Remotely.................................................................................................................................... 51

Accessing the System Remotely.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Management Port IP Address..........................................................................................................51

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................52

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................52

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................53

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................53

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 54

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................54

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................56

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario................................................................................................57

Viewing Files............................................................................................................................................................... 57

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 58

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 60

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 61

View Command History................................................................................................................................................... 61

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 63

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................63

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 64

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 66

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 66

Creating a Custom Privilege Level........................................................................................................................... 67

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 67

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................67

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.................................................................................... 67

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................67

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 69

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 69

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 69

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 70

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................72

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 72

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................73

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 74

Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................74

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................74

Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................74

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................75

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................76

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................76

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................77

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.....................................................................................................77

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................78

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................78

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 78

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 78

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 79

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................79

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................79

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................80

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level.....................................................................................................................81

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 82

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................82

File Transfer Services...................................................................................................................................................... 85

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................85

Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................85

Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 86

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................86

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 87

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 87

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................88

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 89

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................89

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................90

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................90

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 90

Restoring the Factory Default Settings......................................................................................................................... 91

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................ 91

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 92

Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot...............................................................................................................93

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................94

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................96

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................96

Conguring 802.1X........................................................................................................................................................... 97

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 97

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................97

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 98

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring Critical VLAN .............................................................................................................................................101

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions......................................................................................................... 102

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication....................................................................................102

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..............................................................................................................103

Re-Authenticating a Port.............................................................................................................................................. 104

Conguring Timeouts.................................................................................................................................................... 105

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.........................................................................106

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs......................................................................................................................... 107

Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................107

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 107

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 109

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 109

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................ 110

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters............................................... 110

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................................... 110

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.........................................................................................................111

Viewing CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................... 112

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes................................................................................................................... 113

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes....................................................................................................................... 114

Conguring UFT Modes...........................................................................................................................................114

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................115

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................116

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................117

Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................117

Contents

5

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................119

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................119

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................121

Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 123

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................124

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................124

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................125

IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 125

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................125

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................126

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 126

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 127

Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 128

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 128

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 130

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................130

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................131

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................131

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................132

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 132

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 133

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 134

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 134

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 135

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 135

ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 138

Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 138

Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 139

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 140

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................140

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................141

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 141

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 142

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................143

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................143

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................144

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................144

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................145

Conguring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 146

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 149

Sample Conguration.............................................................................................................................................. 150

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface............................................................... 150

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)................................................................................................... 151

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................. 151

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................152

6

Contents

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 153

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 154

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................156

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................156

Congure BFD.................................................................................................................................................................157

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................157

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................159

Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................162

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................165

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................170

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................173

Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 175

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................183

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................185

9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)................................................................................................................ 186

BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview..........................................................................................................................186

BGP Autonomous Systems.....................................................................................................................................186

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 188

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 190

BGP router ID............................................................................................................................................................190

Sessions and Peers.................................................................................................................................................. 190

Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................191

BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path..................................................................................................................191

Multiprotocol BGP....................................................................................................................................................196

BGP global and address family conguration........................................................................................................197

Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS...................................................................................................199

Conguration Information.......................................................................................................................................202

Basic BGP conguration tasks.....................................................................................................................................202

Prerequisite for conguring a BGP network.........................................................................................................202

Restrictions...............................................................................................................................................................203

Enabling BGP........................................................................................................................................................... 203

Enabling four-byte autonomous system numbers............................................................................................... 205

Changing a BGP router ID...................................................................................................................................... 206

Conguring AS4 Number Representations.......................................................................................................... 206

Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................208

Example-Conguring BGP routing between peers............................................................................................. 209

BGP peer group........................................................................................................................................................210

Advanced BGP conguration tasks............................................................................................................................. 216

Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration................................................................................................................ 217

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................219

Filtering BGP.............................................................................................................................................................221

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................ 228

Conguring Passive Peering...................................................................................................................................229

Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................230

Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................231

Contents

7

Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP.....................................................................................................................232

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................234

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 235

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 236

Congure BGP attributes........................................................................................................................................237

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................241

Route Reectors...................................................................................................................................................... 242

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 243

Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................246

Setting the extended timer.....................................................................................................................................247

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................247

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 248

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 249

Conguring a BGP VRF address family................................................................................................................ 250

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 251

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 252

Enabling MBGP Congurations............................................................................................................................. 253

MBGP support for IPv6..........................................................................................................................................253

Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.............................................................................................................. 253

Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors................................................................................................... 254

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 256

BGP Regular Expression Optimization..................................................................................................................258

Debugging BGP....................................................................................................................................................... 258

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 261

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 261

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................263

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 263

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................265

Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................265

Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 265

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 266

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................267

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................267

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 268

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 269

Conguring CoPP for Protocols.............................................................................................................................270

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................272

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................273

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................276

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 276

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 279

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................279

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 280

8

Contents

Enhanced Transmission Selection...........................................................................................................................281

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................282

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................283

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 283

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................284

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................285

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................285

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 286

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................287

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................287

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 288

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 288

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................289

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................289

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................... 291

Pause and Resume of Trac.................................................................................................................................. 291

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................. 291

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................292

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................292

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................293

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................293

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 294

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................294

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................295

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 295

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................296

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 297

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................298

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 298

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................298

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................299

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................299

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 300

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 301

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................ 301

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................301

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 302

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................302

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................303

Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 306

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment...........................................................................................316

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 317

Sample DCB Conguration............................................................................................................................................318

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 319

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................320

Contents

9

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 320

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................322

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................323

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................323

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................324

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 325

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 326

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................326

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 326

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................326

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 327

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................327

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.................................................................................................................327

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 329

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................329

DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................331

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................331

DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs........................................................................ 332

Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent................................................................... 332

Non-default VRF conguration for DHCPv6 helper address................................................................................... 333

Conguring DHCP relay source interface...................................................................................................................334

Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ....................................................................................... 334

Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................334

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................336

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................336

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................336

DHCPv6 relay agent options.................................................................................................................................. 337

DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 337

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................342

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................342

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 343

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 345

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................345

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 346

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................346

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................347

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 347

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 348

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................348

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 348

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 348

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 349

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 349

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................350

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................350

10

Contents

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 350

RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................351

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 352

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................355

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................355

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................355

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 357

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................359

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 359

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................359

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 359

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................360

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 361

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 361

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................361

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................361

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 361

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 362

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................362

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................363

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................368

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................370

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................370

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism....................................................................................................................... 370

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover....................................................................................................371

Optimizing the Boot Time..............................................................................................................................................371

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled...............................................................371

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................ 372

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States.......................................................................... 373

LACP and IPv4 Routing...........................................................................................................................................373

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 373

BGP Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................374

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................ 374

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................ 374

Software Upgrade....................................................................................................................................................374

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................ 374

Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................375

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................375

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................375

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 376

17 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 377

Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................................377

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................377

Contents

11

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 378

Generating Host-Keys................................................................................................................................................... 378

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................378

Disabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................379

18 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 380

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................380

Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................381

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 381

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................382

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 383

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................384

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................384

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................384

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................385

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................386

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 387

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 387

Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 387

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................387

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 388

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................388

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................388

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................389

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 390

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 391

19 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................392

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 392

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 393

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................393

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 394

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................394

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 394

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 395

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................395

20 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 397

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 397

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover...........................................................................................................397

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................398

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 398

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 399

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 399

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 399

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 399

12

Contents

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 400

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................400

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 400

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................400

Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 400

Hot-Lock Behavior......................................................................................................................................................... 401

21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 402

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 402

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................402

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 402

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................404

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 407

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 407

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................408

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................408

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................409

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 409

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 409

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group..................................................................................................................... 410

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................. 413

IGMP Snooping...............................................................................................................................................................413

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information........................................................................................................413

Conguring IGMP Snooping................................................................................................................................... 413

Removing a Group-Port Association......................................................................................................................414

Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................414

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router....................................................................................... 415

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................415

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes....................................................................................................416

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications.........................................................................416

Protocol Separation..................................................................................................................................................416

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection....................................................................... 417

Handling of Management Route Conguration....................................................................................................418

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................419

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac...................................................................................................................... 419

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 420

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................420

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................421

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................422

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................423

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 423

22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 425

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................425

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................425

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................426

Contents

13

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................426

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................428

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................429

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................429

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................429

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 430

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................430

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 430

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................431

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 431

Monitoring internal physical temperature of 10GBase-T optical ports.................................................................... 432

Enabling temperature polling on ports...................................................................................................................434

Setting the reset port to normal mode................................................................................................................. 434

Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 434

Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface......................................................................435

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................436

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 436

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 436

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................436

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................436

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................438

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 439

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................439

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 440

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................440

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................440

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................440

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 441

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................441

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................442

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................442

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................442

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................444

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 445

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 445

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 446

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................446

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................447

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 447

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 448

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................448

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................448

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 450

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 450

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................450

14

Contents

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 450

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................451

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 452

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................452

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 454

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................454

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 455

Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 455

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................456

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................457

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................457

Conguration Example of Link Dampening.......................................................................................................... 458

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................460

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 461

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 462

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 462

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................463

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................464

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................464

Setting the speed to 10/100/1000 Mbps on SFP-1G-T transceiver..................................................................464

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 464

Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 466

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................466

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................467

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................468

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 470

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................470

Discard Counters............................................................................................................................................................ 471

Display discard counters.......................................................................................................................................... 471

23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................473

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................473

24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 475

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................476

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................476

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................476

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................476

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................477

Adding description for IPv4 and IPv6 static routes............................................................................................. 478

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 479

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................479

Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................480

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................480

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 480

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection......................................................................................... 481

Contents

15

Enabling Directed Broadcast......................................................................................................................................... 481

Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................................................481

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................482

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 482

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................483

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................483

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 484

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................484

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................484

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................485

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 485

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................485

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 485

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................486

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................487

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 487

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages.......................................................................................................................487

ICMP Redirects.............................................................................................................................................................. 487

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................488

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................488

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 489

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................489

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 489

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................489

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................490

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................491

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................491

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................491

25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................493

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................493

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................494

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 494

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................494

IPv6 Header Fields.................................................................................................................................................. 495

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................497

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 498

Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS...................................................................................................499

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................500

Path MTU discovery...................................................................................................................................................... 501

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery...............................................................................................................................................501

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 502

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 502

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 502

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................503

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................504

16

Contents

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................504

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................505

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................505

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................506

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................506

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................507

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................507

Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 507

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 508

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................508

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface..........................................................................................510

Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 510

Disabling ND Entry Timeout....................................................................................................................................510

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard............................................................................................................................................511

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface..........................................................................................................512

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard...................................................................................................................................... 513

26 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 514

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................514

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows................................................................................................................................516

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows...................................................................................... 516

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows........................................................................................................516

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays............................................................................ 517

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays..............................................................................517

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................518

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................518

Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................519

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 519

Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 519

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.................................................................................................................. 521

27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................523

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................523

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................523

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 524

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................524

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................525

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................525

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 525

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 525

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................525

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................526

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................527

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................534

Changing the IS-Type..............................................................................................................................................535

Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 537

Contents

17

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................538

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................539

Setting the Overload Bit.........................................................................................................................................539

Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................540

IS-IS Metric Styles......................................................................................................................................................... 541

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................ 541

Maximum Values in the Routing Table................................................................................................................... 541

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only.................................................................................................541

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................543

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................544

28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 546

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 546

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 546

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 547

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 547

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................548

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................548

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................548

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 549

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................549

Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................................................................550

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................550

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................552

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 552

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 552

29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 561

Manage the MAC Address Table..................................................................................................................................561

Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................561

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................561

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................562

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................562

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................562

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 563

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 563

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 563

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 564

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 564

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................564

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................565

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................565

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 566

Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 566

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................566

Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................567

18

Contents

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................569

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 570

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................571

Conguring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................572

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................572

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................573

30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 575

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................575

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 575

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 576

Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................576

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview.................................................................................................................................578

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 578

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................582

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................582

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 582

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................583

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 583

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................583

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 584

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................584

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................584

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 584

Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.........................................................................................................586

Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs..................................................................................................................... 586

Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs..............................................................................................586

Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................586

Viewing the LLDP Conguration..................................................................................................................................587

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................587

Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors...............................................................................587

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................589

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 590

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 590

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 591

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................592

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 593

31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................598

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................598

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................598

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................599

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................599

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 599

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................599

Contents

19

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 600

32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................601

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................601

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................602

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................603

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................603

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................603

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 607

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 608

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 608

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................608

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................609

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 609

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 609

Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 612

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer....................................................................................................613

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source........................................................................................................613

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................... 614

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 614

Logging Changes in Peership States........................................................................................................................... 615

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................. 615

Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 616

Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................616

MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................617

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 618

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 619

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................619

MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 621

36 Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol......................................................................................................624

MLD Version 1................................................................................................................................................................ 624

MLD Querier Router......................................................................................................................................................624

Joining a Multicast Group.............................................................................................................................................625

Leaving a Multicast Group............................................................................................................................................625

MLD version 2................................................................................................................................................................625

MLD timers..................................................................................................................................................................... 627

Reducing Host Response Burstiness.................................................................................................................... 628

Conguring MLD Version..............................................................................................................................................628

Clearing MLD groups.....................................................................................................................................................628

Debugging MLD.............................................................................................................................................................628

Explicit Tracking............................................................................................................................................................. 628

Reducing Leave Latency...............................................................................................................................................629

Displaying MLD groups table........................................................................................................................................629

Displaying MLD Interfaces............................................................................................................................................629

20

Contents

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