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Thermo Fisher Scientific PharmacoScan Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User guide

  • Hello! I've reviewed the user guide for the PharmacoScan 96-Array Format Automated Workflow. This document outlines the procedure for using the Applied Biosystems NIMBUS Target Preparation Instrument and the GeneTitan Multi-Channel Instrument for automated target preparation and array processing. The guide includes steps for DNA amplification, fragmentation, and hybridization. I'm here to assist you with any questions you have about this process.
  • What is the purpose of the PharmacoScan Assay?
    What instruments are used in the automated workflow?
    What does the automated target preparation involve?
    What types of genetic variations does the PharmacoScan Assay interrogate?
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format
Automated Workflow
USER GUIDE
for use with:
PharmacoScan™ 96F Array Plate
PharmacoScan™ Reagent Kit 96 Reactions
Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument
Catalog Numbers 903160 and 913025
Publication Number MAN0018101
Revision D.0
Thermo Fisher Scientific Baltics UAB |
V.A. Graiciuno 8, LT-02241 |
Vilnius, Lithuania
Products:
PharmacoScan™ Reagent Kit 96 Reactions
Aymetrix Pte Ltd |
7 Gul Circle #2M-01 |
Keppel Logistics Building |
Singapore 629563
Products:
PharmacoScan™ 96F Array Plate
The information in this guide is subject to change without notice.
DISCLAIMER: TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC INC. AND/OR ITS AFFILIATE(S) WILL NOT BE
LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, MULTIPLE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR
ARISING FROM THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING YOUR USE OF IT.
Revision history: Pub. No. MAN0018101
Revision Date Description
D.0 29 April 2021 •Added options for using alternative 96-well round deepwell plates and 96-well PCR plates.
•Added Axiom™ 96 Consumables Kit for Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ 2.0 v2.
•Changed method name to Axiom™ 96 Sample Automated Target Preparation Solution.
•Added optional Thermo Scientific™ Digital Microplate Shaker, set at 900 rpm for 10 minutes.
C.0 11 December 2019 Adding information for Windows™ 10 users.
B.0 24 January 2019 Correct mPCR gel image in the appendix.
A.0 09 November 2018 New publication.
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registered trademarks of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Boekel Scientific and Jitterbug are trademarks of Boekel Scientific. Eppendorf
and Mastercycler are registered trademarks of Eppendorf AG. Hamilton, Microlab, NIMBUS, and CO-RE are owned and/or registered by
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©2021 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved.
Contents
■CHAPTER 1 Overview ............................................................. 11
Introduction ................................................................... 11
About the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow ............. 12
Assay highlights ........................................................... 13
Multi-plate workflows ........................................................... 13
Overview of the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow ........ 14
■CHAPTER 2 Prepare genomic DNA .............................................. 15
Sources of genomic DNA ....................................................... 15
General requirements ........................................................... 16
Special requirements ....................................................... 16
Evaluate the quality of genomic DNA with 1% agarose E‑Gel™.................. 17
Genomic DNA extraction and purification methods ................................. 18
Clean up genomic DNA ........................................................ 19
Genomic DNA preparation ...................................................... 19
Genomic DNA input requirements ........................................... 19
Time required ............................................................. 19
Equipment, consumables, and reagents required .............................. 20
Thaw samples and controls ................................................. 21
Quantify and dilute test sample gDNA ........................................ 21
Aliquot the diluted samples and the controls .................................. 22
Freeze or proceed ......................................................... 23
GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file ........................................... 23
Create and save a GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file ...................... 24
■CHAPTER 3 Set up the Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument ............................................................ 25
Required materials ............................................................. 25
Plate centrifuge ............................................................ 25
Labware and consumables for multiplex PCR ................................. 26
Labware used on the deck .................................................. 27
PharmacoScan™ Reagent Kit 96 Reactions ................................... 32
Consumables required for target preparation .................................. 33
PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
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Pipette tips ............................................................... 33
Axiom™ GeneTitan™ Consumables Kit ........................................ 34
Guidelines for use .............................................................. 37
Guidelines for handling plates and tubes ...................................... 37
Guidelines for a run on the NIMBUS™ Instrument .............................. 38
Thermal cycler recommendations and protocols ............................... 38
PCR plate type by thermal cycler for the mPCR step ........................... 39
Deck setup for reagent tubes .................................................... 40
Cooling block template ..................................................... 40
Assemble the cooling block template with reagent tubes and tube collar .......... 40
■CHAPTER 4 Multiplex PCR and target preparation with the Applied
Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument ....................... 42
Stage 1A: Perform multiplex PCR (mPCR) ......................................... 43
Time required ............................................................. 43
Input required ............................................................. 43
Materials, labware, and reagents required ..................................... 44
Prepare for mPCR ......................................................... 45
Prepare the mPCR Master Mix .............................................. 46
Set up the mPCR Reaction Plate ............................................ 46
Run the PharmacoScan mPCR thermal cycler protocol ......................... 47
Store the mPCR Product Plate .............................................. 47
Workflow for Stage 1A: Multiplex PCR ........................................ 48
Stage 1B: Amplify the genomic DNA ............................................. 50
Time required ............................................................. 50
Input required ............................................................. 50
Materials, labware, and reagents required ..................................... 50
Perform the prerun checklist ................................................ 51
Prepare for DNA amplification ............................................... 52
Run the DNA amplification step .............................................. 53
Workflow for Stage 1B: DNA amplification .................................... 58
Stage 2: Fragment and precipitate the DNA ....................................... 61
Time required ............................................................. 61
Input required ............................................................. 61
Materials, labware, and reagents required ..................................... 61
Perform the prerun checklist ................................................ 63
Prepare for fragmentation ................................................... 64
Run the fragmentation step, then precipitate samples .......................... 65
Workflow for mPCR spike-in to Amplification Plate ............................. 70
Workflow for Stage 2: Fragmentation ......................................... 71
Contents
4PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
Stage 3: Centrifuge and dry pellets ............................................... 75
Time required ............................................................. 75
Input required ............................................................. 75
Equipment and consumables required ........................................ 75
Centrifuge and dry the pellets ............................................... 75
Stage 4A and 4B: Resuspension and hybridization preparation ...................... 77
Time required ............................................................. 77
Input required ............................................................. 77
Materials, labware, and reagents required ..................................... 77
Thaw reagents ............................................................ 79
Stage 4A: Prepare the resuspension buer ........................................ 80
Frozen pellets and Axiom™ Resusp Buer ..................................... 80
Perform the prerun checklist ................................................ 80
Prepare resuspension reagents .............................................. 81
Run the resuspension step .................................................. 82
Resuspend the samples by o-deck shaking .................................. 85
Workflow for Stage 4A: Resuspension ........................................ 86
Stage 4B: Prepare Hybridization Master Mix ....................................... 87
Perform the prerun checklist ................................................ 87
Prepare hybridization preparation reagents .................................... 88
Run the hybridization preparation step ....................................... 88
Workflow for Stage 4B: Hybridization preparation .............................. 92
Stage 4C: Perform sample QC ................................................... 94
Time required ............................................................. 94
Input required ............................................................. 94
Materials, labware, and reagents required ..................................... 94
Perform the prerun checklist ................................................ 95
Prepare the Hyb-Ready Plate ................................................ 96
Prepare gel diluent ......................................................... 97
Run the sample QC step .................................................... 97
Workflow for Stage 4C: Sample QC ......................................... 100
Stage 5: Prepare the hybridization tray ........................................... 102
About Stage 5: Prepare the hybridization tray ................................ 102
Time required ............................................................ 102
Input required ............................................................ 102
Materials, labware, and reagents required .................................... 103
Perform the prerun checklist ............................................... 103
Sample plate and array plate preparation .................................... 104
Prepare the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ..................................... 105
Denature the samples ..................................................... 106
Run the prepare hybridization tray step ...................................... 107
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PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
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Load the hybridization tray and array plate into the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ... 109
Workflow for Stage 5: Prepare the hybridization tray .......................... 109
Stage 6: Prepare GeneTitan™ reagent trays ....................................... 110
Time required ............................................................ 110
Materials, labware, and reagents required .................................... 111
Notes on handling reagents with precipitates ................................. 113
Perform the prerun checklist ............................................... 114
Run the prepare GeneTitan™ reagent trays step .............................. 115
Stage 5 and stage 6 for the 8-plate workflow ................................. 121
Workflow for Stage 6: Prepare GeneTitan™ reagent trays ...................... 123
■CHAPTER 5 Process array plates with the GeneTitan™ Multi-Channel
(MC) Instrument .................................................................. 130
Stage 1: Create and upload a GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file ............... 131
Stage 2: Hybridize plates in the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ........................ 133
Materials, labware, and reagents required .................................... 133
Set up the instrument ..................................................... 134
Load an array plate and hybridization tray into the GeneTitan™ MC
Instrument (for Hyb-Wash-Scan or Hyb-Wash) ............................. 138
Load a second array plate and hybridization tray onto the GeneTitan™
MC Instrument ......................................................... 141
Queue a second plate for scanning ......................................... 143
Stage 3: Ligate, wash, stain, and scan ........................................... 145
The GeneTitan™ tray loading process ....................................... 145
Load trays in GeneTitan™ MC Instrument .................................... 145
Continue the scan workflow .................................................... 151
Shut down the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ....................................... 152
■CHAPTER 6 8-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates ............ 153
Overview of the 8-plate workflow ............................................... 154
Overview of the manual mPCR and automated target preparation steps ......... 156
Time required for assay steps .............................................. 157
Thaw frozen plates of amplified DNA ........................................ 159
Thaw plates with frozen pellets ............................................. 160
Target preparation and array processing for the 8-plate workflow ................... 160
Day 1 activities ........................................................... 160
Day 2 activities ........................................................... 164
Day 3 activities ........................................................... 168
Day 4 activities ........................................................... 173
Day 5 activities ........................................................... 177
Contents
6PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
■CHAPTER 7 3-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates using a
3-hour DNA precipitation step .................................................. 181
Overview of the 3-plate workflow with 3-hour precipitation ......................... 182
Time required for assay steps .............................................. 185
Thaw the frozen plate of amplified DNA ...................................... 187
Target preparation and array processing for the 3-plate workflow using a 3-hour
precipitation step ........................................................... 187
Day 1 activities ........................................................... 188
Day 2 activities ........................................................... 191
Day 3 activities ........................................................... 195
Day 4 activities ........................................................... 199
■APPENDIX A Recommended techniques for GeneTitan™ MC
Instrument operation ............................................................ 201
Array plate packaging ......................................................... 202
Proper tray alignment and placement ........................................... 202
Scan tray ................................................................ 204
Proper orientation of consumables .......................................... 205
Drawer tabs in the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ............................... 206
Stain trays and covers ......................................................... 207
Label GeneTitan™ hybridization and reagent trays ................................. 207
Label the GeneTitan™ 96-layout hybridization tray ............................ 207
Label the GeneTitan™ reagent trays ......................................... 208
Deionization of GeneTitan™ trays and covers ..................................... 208
Deionize GeneTitan™ trays and covers ...................................... 210
Ion-indicator cap ......................................................... 211
Setup options for array plate processing ......................................... 211
Hyb-Wash-Scan .......................................................... 212
Hyb-Wash ............................................................... 212
Wash-Scan .............................................................. 213
Wash-Scan Resume ...................................................... 213
Scan .................................................................... 214
Unload Plates ............................................................ 214
When to abort a process ....................................................... 214
Abort a process .......................................................... 215
Email notifications from the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ............................ 216
GeneTitan™ MC Instrument lamp ............................................... 216
■APPENDIX B Register samples in GeneChip™ Command Console™....... 218
GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file .......................................... 218
Create a GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file .................................. 218
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PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
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■APPENDIX C Fragmentation quality control gel protocol .................... 221
Equipment required ........................................................... 221
E‑Gel™ and reagents required .................................................. 221
Consumables required ......................................................... 222
Prepare the gel diluent ......................................................... 222
Dilute the TrackIt™ Cyan/Orange Loading Buer .............................. 222
Dilute the 25 bp DNA ladder ............................................... 222
Run the fragmentation QC gel .................................................. 222
■APPENDIX D Sample quantification after resuspension ..................... 224
Equipment required ........................................................... 224
Spectrophotometer ....................................................... 224
Quantify the diluted samples ................................................... 224
OD yield evaluation guidelines .................................................. 225
Plate reader guidelines for sample quantification .................................. 225
■APPENDIX E mPCR quality control gel protocol .............................. 226
Materials required ............................................................. 226
Prepare the 50 bp DNA Ladder ................................................. 227
Prepare mPCR samples for gel analysis .......................................... 227
Run the mPCR QC gel ......................................................... 228
■APPENDIX F Troubleshooting ................................................... 230
GeneTitan™ MC Instrument support files for troubleshooting ....................... 230
Log files ................................................................. 230
GeneChip™ Command Console™ log files .................................... 230
Other GeneChip™ Command Console™ files ................................. 230
GCC log files for GeneTitan™ MC Instrument systems ......................... 231
Troubleshooting the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument .................................. 232
GeneTitan™ MC Instrument fluidic diagnostic messages ........................... 236
■APPENDIX G GeneTitan™ Multi-Channel Instrument care ................... 239
Overview .................................................................... 239
Maintenance ................................................................. 239
Monthly ................................................................. 239
Every 6 months ........................................................... 240
Outer enclosure fan filters ...................................................... 240
Cleaning schedule ........................................................ 240
Clean the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument fan filter ............................... 240
Contents
8PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
Bottle filter replacement ....................................................... 241
Remove and inspect the reagent bottle filters ................................ 241
Replace fluidics bottle filter ................................................ 242
Xenon lamp replacement in the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument ........................ 242
Lamp life/imaging device status notices ..................................... 242
Remove the xenon lamp ................................................... 244
Replace the xenon lamp ................................................... 245
Reset the lamp life counter ................................................ 246
■APPENDIX H Routine care for the Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™
Target Preparation Instrument .................................................. 247
O-ring care ................................................................... 247
Tip isolator ................................................................... 248
Clean the tip isolator ...................................................... 249
Trash chute .................................................................. 250
Assemble the trash chute .................................................. 250
Trash chute cleaning ...................................................... 253
Thermoshake device maintenance .............................................. 254
■APPENDIX I Safety ............................................................... 255
Symbols on this instrument .................................................... 255
Standard safety symbols .................................................. 255
Location of safety labels ................................................... 257
Control and connection symbols ........................................... 258
Conformity symbols ...................................................... 259
Safety information for instruments not manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific ..... 260
Instrument safety ............................................................. 260
General ................................................................. 260
Physical injury ............................................................ 261
Electrical safety .......................................................... 262
Cleaning and decontamination ............................................. 263
Instrument component and accessory disposal .............................. 263
Safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards ......................... 264
Safety standards ......................................................... 264
EMC standards ........................................................... 264
Environmental design standards ............................................ 265
Chemical safety .............................................................. 266
Biological hazard safety ....................................................... 268
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PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
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■Documentation and support ...................................................... 269
Related documentation ........................................................ 269
Customer and technical support ................................................ 270
Limited product warranty ...................................................... 271
Contents
10 PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
Overview
■Introduction .......................................................................... 11
■About the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow ................... 12
■Multi-plate workflows ................................................................. 13
■Overview of the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow .............. 14
Developed in collaboration with experts across the field of Pharmacogenomics, PharmacoScan™
Solution is the industry’s broadest content genetic analysis system specifically designed to provide
insight into the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and transport of commonly
prescribed medicines. By interrogating more than 4,600 markers in almost 1,200 genes known to play
a role in drug metabolism, traditional clinical researchers gain unprecedented understanding into an
individual’s ability to process those drugs with high evidence for genetic association, as well as those
markers where moderate, low, preliminary, and unknown evidence exists.
PharmacoScan™ Solution uses the same chemistry from the Axiom™ 2.0 Assay and GeneTitan™ Multi-
Channel Instrument, a system that is preferred worldwide by genetic researchers for the ecient
workflow, high-throughput, economic pricing, and reproducibility of results critical to multi-year data
collection and analysis eorts.
Introduction
PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow is available as a bundled kit that includes
the arrays, reagents, and consumables needed for processing one 96-format plate, each having 94
samples and 2 controls. The automated workflow described in this user guide uses the Axiom™
96 Sample Automated Target Preparation Solution method Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument and GeneTitan™ reagent preparation. The multiplex PCR (mPCR) and mPCR
spike-in steps are not part of the automated method and must be executed o-deck, manually.
The PharmacoScan™ Assay interrogates biallelic and multiallelic SNPs, indels, and copy number
variation (CNV) in a single assay workflow. Starting with genomic DNA, the samples are processed
by performing an automated target preparation protocol followed by automated processing of the array
plates on the GeneTitan™ Multi-Channel (MC) Instrument.
•Target preparation uses methods including DNA amplification, fragmentation, precipitation, and
resuspension of the target in hybridization cocktail.
•The hybridization-ready targets are then transferred to the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument for
automated, hands-free processing including hybridization, staining, washing, and scanning.
PharmacoScan™ Solution provides pharmacogenomic-variation information for greater than 4,600
ADME markers in almost 1,200 genes. This content is sourced from globally endorsed consortium
databases including, but not limited to CPIC, PharmGKB, and PharmaADME. Also included on
PharmacoScan™ Array Plates are high value markers for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) imputation,
1
PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
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markers for killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), markers for human ancestry identification
(AIM), a marker GWAS backbone, and markers for sample ID and tracking. The combination of these
high value markers, in addition to PharmacoScan’s ability to precisely call variants in critical genes on
a microarray, compliments Thermo Fisher Scientific’s current solutions for Pharmacogenomics using
OpenArray™ real-time PCR, digital PCR, and Ion AmpliSeq™ NGS panels.
The PharmacoScan™ Assay is a multiplex genotyping assay which combines the proven Axiom™
chemistry with the incorporation of a multiplex PCR step to overcome some complexities associated
with genotyping highly homologous markers. PharmacoScan™ software and algorithm developments
include an allele translation and phenotyping tool and copy number aware genotyping. Array plates are
processed on a GeneTitan™ MC Instrument controlled by Applied Biosystems™ GeneChip™ Command
Console™ 4.3 or later. The resulting CEL files are analyzed by Axiom™ Analysis Suite 3.1 or later, or by
Applied Biosystems™ Array Power Tools 1.19 or later.
About the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format
Automated Workflow
The PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow is a fully automated workflow for
high-throughput that requires the following sets of steps:
1. Genomic DNA preparation—Resulting in samples that meet requirements detailed in Chapter 2,
“Prepare genomic DNA”.
2. A manual preparation of a multiplex PCR step (mPCR) followed by automated target preparation of
the samples (see Chapter 4, “Multiplex PCR and target preparation with the Applied Biosystems™
NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument”).
3. Target preparation of the samples: Chapter 4, “Multiplex PCR and target preparation with the
Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument”
4. Array processing, done with:
•GeneTitan™ MC Instrument
•GeneTitan™ Instrument Control software
•Applied Biosystems™ GeneChip™ Command Console™ Portal software
See Chapter 5, “Process array plates with the GeneTitan™ Multi-Channel (MC) Instrument”.
A list of the required equipment and supplies for running the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format
Automated Workflow on the Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument can be
found in the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow Site Preparation Guide—
Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target Preparation Instrument, Pub. No. MAN0018102.
Chapter 1 Overview
About the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow
1
12 PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
Assay highlights
This user guide introduces an option for a 3-hour DNA target precipitation step to enable a faster assay
turnaround time, going from sample to CEL file generation within 72 hours. The 3-hour precipitation
step shortens “Stage 2: Fragment and precipitate the DNA” to enable the operator to advance to
“Stage 3: Centrifuge and dry pellets”, followed by “Stage 4A and 4B: Resuspension and hybridization
preparation”, “Stage 4C: Perform sample QC”, and the start of “Stage 5: Prepare the hybridization tray”
on page 102 to start hybridization on the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument on day 2 of the assay workflow.
Note that this workflow option requires approximately 9–10 hours to complete the combined day 2
activities (fragmentation to initiation of hybridization on the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument).
In addition, a recommended workflow is presented to support the processing of 3 plates per week
using the shortened DNA precipitation step. See Chapter 7, “3-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™
Array Plates using a 3-hour DNA precipitation step” for details regarding equipment and operator
assumptions to support this workflow.
The standard PharmacoScan™ Assay workflow, in which the DNA is precipitated overnight, provides
a convenient stopping point to support single operator assay execution of 1 plate within an 8-hour
workday. Recommended workflows are presented to support the processing of 3 plates per week
using 3-hour DNA precipitation, and 8 plates per week using the standard overnight DNA precipitation.
See the appropriate chapter for details regarding equipment and operator assumptions to support
these workflows. (Chapter 7, “3-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates using a 3-hour DNA
precipitation step”, and Chapter 6, “8-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates”.)
Multi-plate workflows
Thermo Fisher Scientific supports high-throughput workflows that allow you to run a set of samples and
array plates through the protocol using a minimum number of personnel and an extended week. The
timing of steps is critical because of the following limits:
•Incubation for DNA amplification is 22–24 hours.
•Hybridization in the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument is 23.5–24 hours.
•Reagent trays for wash/stain/imaging must be prepared as hybridization finishes.
•Limits to when a second hybridization tray and array plate can be loaded into the GeneTitan™ MC
Instrument.
Using the automated target preparation protocol, workflows are available for processing 8 array plates
per work week, or 3 array plates per week.
•Chapter 6, “8-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates”
•Chapter 7, “3-plate workflow for PharmacoScan™ Array Plates using a 3-hour DNA precipitation
step”
Chapter 1 Overview
Multi-plate workflows 1
PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
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Overview of the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format
Automated Workflow
gDNA plate setup 5 ng/μL of gDNA
Day 1 ▼ ▼Manual procedure
10 µL/well 20 µL/well 10 µL/well from the gDNA plate
is used for Stage 1A, and
20 µL/well from the gDNA plate
is used for Stage 1B.
Day
1
Stage 1A: mPCR Stage 1B: DNA amplification
(manual) (automated)
23 ±1 hour amplification
incubation at 37°C.
Optional stopping point.
▼ ▼
Day 2 mPCR Plate ► Amplification Plate
▼
10 µL mPCR spike-in to
Amplification Plate
Day 2 “Stage 2: Fragment and precipitate the DNA” on page 61
▼
Approximate time: 16-24 hours
(or optional 3-hour precipitation
step) –20°C incubation of
Precipitation Plate
Day 3 “Stage 3: Centrifuge and dry pellets” on page 75
▼Optional stopping point.
Day 3 “Stage 4A: Prepare the resuspension buer” on page 80
“Stage 4B: Prepare Hybridization Master Mix” on page 87
“Stage 4C: Perform sample QC” on page 94
▼
Day 3 “Stage 5: Prepare the hybridization tray” on page 102
▼
23.5 to 24-hour array
hybridization in the GeneTitan™
MC Instrument.
Day 4 “Stage 6: Prepare GeneTitan™ reagent trays” on page 110
Array processing
Day 5 Process array plates with the GeneTitan™ Multi-Channel (MC)
Instrument (page 130)
Array processing is completed with the GeneTitan™ MC Instrument and
GeneChip™ Command Console™ software v4.3 or later.
Fluidics: 5 hours
Scan: ~7.5 hours
Chapter 1 Overview
Overview of the PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow
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14 PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
Preparation Instrument
Prepare genomic DNA
■Sources of genomic DNA .............................................................. 15
■General requirements ................................................................. 16
■Genomic DNA extraction and purification methods ....................................... 18
■Clean up genomic DNA ............................................................... 19
■Genomic DNA preparation ............................................................. 19
■GeneTitan™ Array Plate Registration file ................................................. 23
The general requirements for genomic DNA (gDNA) sources and extraction methods are described
in this chapter. The success of this assay requires uniform amplification of the genome starting with
relatively intact gDNA. To achieve uniform amplification, the gDNA must be of high quality, and must be
free of contaminants that can aect the enzymatic reactions to be performed.
The PharmacoScan™ Reagent Kit 96 Reactions (Cat. No. 913025) is used for this protocol. The kit
contains 2 control gDNAs: Control DNA 1 and Control DNA 2. This DNA meets the requirements
outlined below, and both control DNAs must be included on every plate for data analysis purposes. The
size and purity of sample gDNA can be compared with those of the control DNA to evaluate sample
quality.
Assay performance can vary for gDNA samples that do not meet the general requirements. However,
the reliability of any given result must be evaluated in the context of overall experimental design and
goals.
Sources of genomic DNA
The following sources of human gDNA have been successfully tested in the laboratories at Thermo
Fisher Scientific for DNA that meets the requirements for the PharmacoScan™ Assay.
•Whole blood
•Buccal cell
•Saliva
•Cell lines
Other sample types have not been verified in this assay and are not currently supported.
Note: DNA derived from formalin‑fixed paran-embedded (FFPE) blocks must not be used with this
assay.
2
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General requirements
•Starting DNA must be double-stranded for accurate concentration determination.
•DNA must be of high purity. DNA must be free of DNA polymerase inhibitors. Examples of inhibitors
include high concentrations of heme (from blood) and high concentrations of chelating agents (that
is, EDTA). The gDNA extraction and purification method must create DNA that is salt-free because
high concentrations of particular salts can also inhibit enzyme reactions. DNA purity indicated by
OD260/OD280 and OD260/OD230 ratios. The OD260/OD280 ratio should be between 1.8 and 2.0 and
the OD260/OD230 ratio should be greater than 1.5. We recommend that DNA samples that do not
meet these criteria be cleaned up as described in “Clean up genomic DNA” on page 19.
•DNA must not be degraded. The average size of gDNA can be evaluated on a 1% agarose gel
using an appropriate size standard control. Approximately 90% of the DNA must be greater than
10 Kb in size. Control DNA can be run on the same gel for comparison.
Note: DNA size integrity is important for successful assay performance. It is strongly advised to
evaluate gDNA by gel electrophoresis. Evaluating the gDNA by gel electrophoresis is of particular
importance for DNA extracted from saliva and buccal cells, sample types prone to DNA degradation.
Special requirements
Preamplification area
Precautions are required when manipulating genomic DNA to avoid contamination with foreign DNA
amplified in other reactions and procedures. It is recommended that genomic DNA manipulations are
performed in a dedicated preamplification room or area separate from the main laboratory.
This preamplification area requires a dedicated set of pipettes and plasticware. If no dedicated area is
available, use of a dedicated bench or a dedicated biosafety hood and dedicated pipettes is suggested.
If no dedicated bench or biosafety hood is available, a set of dedicated pipettes is recommended.
Ideally, this preamplification area would be separate from the amplification staging area, however, these
areas may be combined due to space and equipment limitations.
Chapter 2 Prepare genomic DNA
General requirements
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Evaluate the quality of genomic DNA with 1% agarose E‑Gel™
We recommend this quality control step to evaluate the quality of the gDNA before starting the assay.
Equipment and reagents required
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials are available through thermofisher.com.
Item Source
Invitrogen™ Mother E-Base™ Device EBM03
Invitrogen™ Daughter E-Base™ Device (optional for running multiple gels in parallel) EBD03
Invitrogen™ E‑Gel™ 48 Agarose Gels, 1% G800801
Invitrogen™ RediLoad™ Loading Buer 750026
Invitrogen™ E‑Gel™ 96 High Range DNA Marker 12352019
Guidelines for preparing the gDNA Sample Plate for gel analysis
The following guidelines are recommended when preparing the gDNA Sample Plate for gel analysis.
•Load a DNA mass of 10 ng to 20 ng per well (recommended). If lower amounts are loaded,
omission of the loading dye is recommended to improve visualization. Loading ≥25-ng gDNA per
well can improve the image.
•Add 3 µL of 0.1X of RediLoad™ Loading Buer (RediLoad™ Loading Buer dye diluted 10-fold with
nuclease-free water) dye to each sample.
•Bring each sample to a total volume of 20 µL using nuclease-free water. For example, if the volume
of genomic DNA is 5 µL, add 3 µL of RediLoad™ Loading Buer, then bring to 20 µL total by adding
12 µL of water.
•Seal, vortex, and centrifuge briefly.
Run a 48-lane 1% agarose E‑Gel™
1. Power on the E-Base™ device (red light).
2. Push Power/Prg to ensure that the gel base is in EG mode, not EP mode.
3. Insert the E‑Gel™ 48 Agarose Gels, 1% into the slot.
4. Remove 2 combs.
5. Load 20 µL of gDNA samples onto the E‑Gel™ 48 Agarose Gels, 1%.
6. If needed, load 15 µL of diluted E‑Gel™ 96 High Range DNA Marker (1:3 dilution or ~0.34X from
stock) into all marker wells.
7. Fill all empty wells with water.
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General requirements 2
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8. Adjust the run time to ~27 minutes.
9. Push Power/Prg again.
It changes from red to green.
When run time is reached (the ladder band reaches the end of the lane), the system automatically shuts
o. The gel is ready for imaging.
E‑Gel™ results
The following figure shows gel images of intact gDNA (that is appropriate for use in the PharmacoScan™
Assay) and degraded gDNA samples. For gDNA that is degraded perform a test experiment to
investigate the performance of the samples in the PharmacoScan™ Assay before starting any large-
scale genotyping projects.
10 kb
2 kb
4 kb
0.8 kb
0.4 kb
1 2
Figure 1 Gel images with intact gDNA and degraded gDNA.
1Intact samples 2Degraded samples
Genomic DNA extraction and purification methods
Genomic DNA extraction and purification methods that meet the general requirements that are outlined
are expected to yield successful results. Methods that include boiling or strong denaturants are
not acceptable because the DNA would be made single-stranded and can no longer be accurately
quantified using a PicoGreen™-based assay.
Chapter 2 Prepare genomic DNA
Genomic DNA extraction and purification methods
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Clean up genomic DNA
If a gDNA preparation is suspected to contain inhibitors, the following cleanup procedure can be used.
1. Add 0.5 volumes of 7.5 M NH4OAc, 2.5 volumes of absolute ethanol (stored at −20°C), to gDNA.
2. Vortex, then incubate at −20°C for 1 hour.
3. Centrifuge at 12,000 × g in a microcentrifuge at room temperature for 20 minutes.
4. Remove supernatant, then wash pellet with 80% ethanol.
5. Centrifuge at 12,000 × g at room temperature for 5 minutes.
6. Remove the 80% ethanol, then repeat the 80% ethanol wash 1 more time.
7. Resuspend the pellet in Reduced EDTA TE Buer (10 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 0.1 mM EDTA).
Genomic DNA preparation
This step must be done before proceeding with the mPCR and DNA amplification stages.
The genomic DNA (gDNA) you process using the PharmacoScan™ Assay must meet the general
requirements that are listed earlier in this chapter. The amount of gDNA is 50 ng for the mPCR step and
100 ng for the PharmacoScan™ whole-genome amplification step.
Genomic DNA input requirements
Sample type Volume per well Input mass
per well
gDNA
concentration
Stage 1A: mPCR 10 µL 50 ng 5 ng/μL
Stage 1B: DNA amplification 20 µL 100 ng 5 ng/μL
Time required
Allow 30–60 minutes for reagents to thaw and 30 minutes for setup.
Chapter 2 Prepare genomic DNA
Clean up genomic DNA 2
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Equipment, consumables, and reagents required
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials are available through thermofisher.com.
Equipment and consumables required
Quantity Item
As required Adhesive seals for plates
1 Ice bucket, filled with ice
1 each Pipettes: single-channel P10 or P20
Optional: multichannel P10 or P20
As required Pipette tips
1 Round deepwell plate, one of the following:
•Axygen™ 96-well Round Deepwell Plate (sterile, PDW20CS), Fisher Scientific™,
14-222-354.
•Axygen™ 96-well Round Deepwell Plate (nonsterile, PDW20C), Fisher Scientific™,
14-222-353.
•PerkinElmer™ Deepwell StorPlate-96 U Round, 2.0mL (6008490 only), Fisher
Scientific™, 50-905-1741.
1 96‑well PCR plate, one of the following:
•Bio-Rad™ HSS9641 (green) or HSS9601 (clear) for Applied Biosystems™
GeneAmp™ PCR System 9700, Applied Biosystems™ Veriti™ Thermal Cycler, and
Applied Biosystems™ ProFlex™ PCR System.
•Bio-Rad™ HSP9631 (blue) or HSP9601 (white) for the Eppendorf™ Mastercycler™
pro S.
1 Plate centrifuge
1 Plate spectrophotometer (required only if no OD measurements available for samples)
1 Vortexer
Chapter 2 Prepare genomic DNA
Genomic DNA preparation
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20 PharmacoScan™ Assay 96-Array Format Automated Workflow User Guide—Applied Biosystems™ NIMBUS™ Target
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