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Part No. 117369-A Rev. A
September 1997
BayRS Version 12.00
Site Manager Software Version 6.00
Conļ¬guring IPX Services
ii
117369-A Rev. A
4401 Great America Parkway 8 Federal Street
Santa Clara, CA 95054 Billerica, MA 01821
Copyright Ā© 1997 Bay Networks, Inc.
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117369-A Rev. A
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117369-A Rev. A
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117369-A Rev. A
v
Contents
About This Guide
Before You Begin ............................................................................................................xvii
Conventions ...................................................................................................................xviii
Acronyms .........................................................................................................................xix
Ordering Bay Networks Publications ...............................................................................xxi
Bay Networks Customer Service .....................................................................................xxi
How to Get Help .............................................................................................................xxii
Chapter 1
Starting IPX Services
Starting IPX ....................................................................................................................1-1
Deleting IPX from the Router ..........................................................................................1-5
Chapter 2
IPX Concepts
Compatibility with Previous Versions of Bay Networks Software ....................................2-1
About the IPX Protocol ...................................................................................................2-2
Network-Level Services ..................................................................................................2-3
Supported LAN Circuits, WAN Circuits, and Frame Formats ..........................................2-3
Types of IPX Conļ¬gurations ...........................................................................................2-5
For More Information about IPX .....................................................................................2-5
Chapter 3
Customizing IPX for LAN Media
Assigning a Unique Network Number .............................................................................3-2
Enabling RIP and SAP on an Interface ...........................................................................3-2
Choosing a Frame Encapsulation Type ..........................................................................3-2
Specifying Multiple Interfaces per Circuit ........................................................................3-3
Identifying a Circuit .........................................................................................................3-5
Setting Additional Router Parameters ............................................................................3-5
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Conļ¬guring a Multiple-Host Router ..........................................................................3-5
Conļ¬guring a Single-Host Router ............................................................................3-6
IPX Host ID Numbers .....................................................................................................3-6
Setting a Host ID Number for IPX on a Token Ring Circuit ......................................3-8
Token Ring MAC Address Selection ..................................................................3-9
Customizing IPX .............................................................................................................3-9
Chapter 4
Customizing IPX for WAN Media
IPX over WAN Media ......................................................................................................4-1
Using IPXCP and IPXWAN ......................................................................................4-2
Running IPXWAN over PPP .....................................................................................4-2
Running IPXWAN over Frame Relay Permanent Virtual Circuits .............................4-3
Negotiating an IPXWAN Connection ........................................................................4-3
Conļ¬guring an IPX Service to Run over a WAN .............................................................4-4
Assigning a Unique Network Number .............................................................................4-4
Enabling RIP and SAP on an Interface ...........................................................................4-5
Identifying a Circuit .........................................................................................................4-5
Entering an IPX Host ID Number for IPX over ATM ........................................................4-5
Enabling IPXWAN for an Interface ...........................................................................4-8
Assigning a Primary Network Number .....................................................................4-8
Assigning a Common Network Number ...................................................................4-8
Entering a Router Name ..........................................................................................4-9
Indicating the Protocol Negotiated for an Interface ..................................................4-9
Sample IPXCP and IPXWAN Conļ¬gurations ...............................................................4-10
IPXCP Link Negotiation ................................................................................................4-10
IPXWAN Link Negotiation .............................................................................................4-11
IPXWAN and IPXCP Link Conļ¬gurations .....................................................................4-11
Conļ¬guration 1 (IPXWAN with IPXCP on Both Interfaces) ...........................................4-12
Conļ¬guration Guidelines -- Conļ¬guration 1 ...........................................................4-12
Conļ¬guration 2 (IPXWAN on Both Interfaces) ..............................................................4-13
Conļ¬guration Guidelines -- Conļ¬guration 2 ...........................................................4-13
Conļ¬guration 3 (Only IPXCP on Both Interfaces) .........................................................4-14
Conļ¬guration Guidelines -- Conļ¬guration 3 ...........................................................4-14
Conļ¬guration 4 .............................................................................................................4-14
Customizing IPX ...........................................................................................................4-14
117369-A Rev. A
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Chapter 5
Customizing IPX
Customizing Advanced Global Parameters ....................................................................5-2
Setting the Maximum Number of Paths ...................................................................5-2
Selecting a Log Filtering Mode ................................................................................5-2
Specifying the Number of Maximum Path Splits ......................................................5-3
Specifying the Maximum Number of Destinations ...................................................5-3
Entering the Maximum Number of Services ............................................................5-3
Specifying the Granularity for Aging RIP and SAP Information ...............................5-4
Specifying the Aging Pending Frequency ................................................................5-4
Enabling IPX Default Routing ...................................................................................5-4
Multipath Routing and Load sharing ........................................................................5-4
Multipath Routing ...............................................................................................5-5
Load Redistribution and Rerouting ....................................................................5-7
Multipath Route Precedence/Priority .................................................................5-7
Multipath Conļ¬gurations ....................................................................................5-7
Multiline Circuits ................................................................................................5-7
Selecting the GNS Response Mode ........................................................................5-9
Customizing Interface Parameters .................................................................................5-9
Enabling IPX Routing on an Interface ......................................................................5-9
Entering a Symbolic Name for an Interface .............................................................5-9
Assigning a Host Number to an Interface ................................................................5-9
Enabling Source Routing for an Interface on a Token Ring Circuit ........................5-10
Entering a Broadcast Address ...............................................................................5-10
Entering a Multicast Address .................................................................................5-11
Responding to IPX Watchdog Packets ...................................................................5-11
Setting Delay Time .................................................................................................5-11
Specifying Throughput ...........................................................................................5-12
Setting Stabilization Timer Delay ...........................................................................5-12
Handling Packets Associated with Upper-Layer Protocols ...........................................5-12
The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) .......................................................................5-13
Enabling RIP on the Router ...................................................................................5-14
Choosing the Routing Method ................................................................................5-15
Setting a Cost for an Interface .........................................................................5-15
Specifying the Maximum Number of Hops ......................................................5-17
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Indicating the Number of Next-Hop Hosts .......................................................5-17
Enabling RIP Listen and Supply Functions ............................................................5-17
Determining the Pace of RIP Packets ....................................................................5-18
Conļ¬gurable RIP Timers ........................................................................................5-18
Adjusting the RIP Packet Size ................................................................................5-20
Enabling Multicast Transmission of RIP Packets ....................................................5-20
Conļ¬gurable Split Horizon .....................................................................................5-20
Fully Meshed Networks ...................................................................................5-20
Non-fully Meshed Networks .............................................................................5-21
Updating Routers about a Failed Route .................................................................5-23
Advertising Default Routes in RIP Packets ............................................................5-23
Accepting Default Route Information .....................................................................5-23
Customizing SAP Parameters ......................................................................................5-23
NetWare Directory Services (NDS) and SAP ..................................................5-24
SAP and the NetWare Bindery (NetWare 3.
x
and Earlier) ..............................5-24
Conļ¬gurable SAP Timers .......................................................................................5-25
SAP via Default Route ...........................................................................................5-26
Enabling SAP Listen and Supply Functions ...........................................................5-26
Determining the Pace of SAP Packets ...................................................................5-26
Adjusting the SAP Packet Size ..............................................................................5-27
Responding to Nearest Server Requests ..............................................................5-27
Using a Multicast Address ......................................................................................5-27
Saving the Service Name ......................................................................................5-27
Transmitting and Receiving SAP Updates over the Same Interface ......................5-28
Updating Routers about a Failed Service ..............................................................5-28
Using Static Services ...................................................................................................5-28
Enabling Static Services ........................................................................................5-31
Specifying the Network Address of a Service ........................................................5-32
Specifying the Address of the Host that Provides a Service ..................................5-32
Assigning a Symbolic Name to Your Service .........................................................5-32
Entering the Service Type Number ........................................................................5-32
Entering the Socket Address of a Service .............................................................5-33
Entering the Hop Count .........................................................................................5-33
Customizing NetBIOS Static Routing ...........................................................................5-33
Activating the Static Route Record in the NetBIOS Routing Table .........................5-35
117369-A Rev. A
ix
Entering the Name of the NetBIOS Target Server .................................................5-35
Entering the Target Network Address ....................................................................5-35
Directing a NetBIOS Packet Using Nonstandard Static Routing ............................5-36
Directing a NetBIOS Packet Using Standard Static Routing ..................................5-37
NetBIOS Broadcast Filters .....................................................................................5-37
Conļ¬guring an Adjacent Host for an Interface ..............................................................5-40
Making the Adjacent Host Record Active ...............................................................5-40
Entering the ID of the Adjacent Host ......................................................................5-41
Entering a WAN Address or a DLCI .......................................................................5-41
Dial Services ................................................................................................................5-41
Using Dial-on-Demand Service ..............................................................................5-42
Using Static Routing with Dial-on-Demand ............................................................5-43
Tips for Using Dial-on-Demand with IPX ................................................................5-44
Local IPX Watchdog Acknowledgment ...................................................................5-44
Local SPX Keepalive Acknowledgment .................................................................5-45
Dial Optimized Routing .................................................................................................5-46
Getting Optimum Performance Using IPX Dial Optimized Routing ........................5-46
Default IPX Dial Optimized Routing Filters ............................................................5-47
Conļ¬guring the Routing Update Delay Timer .........................................................5-48
RIP/SAP Triggered Updates ...................................................................................5-48
Determining the Frequency of Scheduled Updates ...............................................5-48
Conļ¬guring RIP and SAP Broadcast Timers .........................................................5-49
Using Static Routes ......................................................................................................5-51
Specifying the Target Network Address .................................................................5-53
Entering the Next-Hop Host ...................................................................................5-53
Entering the Hop Count .........................................................................................5-53
Setting the Timer Ticks ...........................................................................................5-54
Using Route Filters .......................................................................................................5-54
Using SAP Filters .........................................................................................................5-55
Using Wildcards and Pattern Matching with SAP Filters ........................................5-58
Using Wildcards with SAP Filters ...........................................................................5-58
Using Pattern Matching with SAP Filters ...............................................................5-60
An Example of Using SAP Filters ....................................................................5-64
Editing Service Name Filter Parameters ......................................................................5-65
Enabling an IPX Service Name Filter .....................................................................5-65
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Entering the Target Service Name .........................................................................5-65
Entering the Target Service Type ...........................................................................5-66
Setting the Filter Priority .........................................................................................5-66
Applying Filters to Inbound or Outbound Packets ..................................................5-66
Specifying the Protocol ..........................................................................................5-66
Specifying How to Process SAP Advertisements ..................................................5-67
Specifying a Cost ...................................................................................................5-67
Source Route Bridge Endstation Support ....................................................................5-67
IPX Ping Support ..........................................................................................................5-70
Role of Bay Networks Routers in a Client/Server Connection ...............................5-71
Example: Client/Server Connection via Bay Networks Router ...............................5-72
Appendix A
IPX Parameters
IPX Conļ¬guration Parameters ....................................................................................... A-1
IPXWAN Conļ¬guration Parameters ............................................................................... A-7
IPX Global Parameters .................................................................................................. A-9
IPX Advanced Global Parameters ............................................................................... A-13
IPX Interface Parameters ............................................................................................ A-22
IPX Change Circuit Parameters ................................................................................... A-30
IPX RIP Circuit Parameters ......................................................................................... A-35
IPX SAP Circuit Parameters ........................................................................................ A-41
IPX NetBIOS Static Route Conļ¬guration Parameters ................................................. A-46
IPX NetBIOS Static Route Parameters ........................................................................ A-48
Adjacent Hosts Conļ¬guration Parameters ................................................................... A-50
IPX Adjacent Hosts Parameters .................................................................................. A-52
IPX Static Route Conļ¬guration Parameters ................................................................ A-54
IPX Static Route Parameter Descriptions .................................................................... A-57
IPX Static Service Conļ¬guration Parameters .............................................................. A-59
IPX Static Service Parameters .................................................................................... A-62
Route Filter Conļ¬guration Parameters ........................................................................ A-65
IPX Route Filter Parameters ........................................................................................ A-67
Service Network Filter Conļ¬guration Parameters ....................................................... A-72
IPX Service Network Filter Parameters ....................................................................... A-75
IPX Service Name Filter Conļ¬guration Parameters .................................................... A-80
IPX Service Name Filter Parameters ........................................................................... A-82
117369-A Rev. A
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Appendix B
IPX Default Parameter Settings
Appendix C
Common Service Types and Identiļ¬ers
Appendix D
Sample IPX Conļ¬guration
Conļ¬guration Particulars ...............................................................................................D-2
Router 1 ..................................................................................................................D-2
Router 2 ..................................................................................................................D-3
Index
117369-A Rev. A
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Figures
Figure 3-1. Multiple IPX Interfaces per Physical Circuit .............................................3-4
Figure 3-2. Frames Received at a Logical Interface ...................................................3-7
Figure 3-3. Frames Issued from a Logical Interface ...................................................3-8
Figure 4-1. Frames Received at a Logical Interface ...................................................4-6
Figure 4-2. Frames Issued from a Logical Interface ...................................................4-7
Figure 4-3. IPXCP and IPXWAN Conļ¬gurations ......................................................4-10
Figure 5-1. IPX Multipath ............................................................................................5-5
Figure 5-2. IPX Multipath Routing -- Equal Least-Cost Routes ..................................5-6
Figure 5-3. IPX Conļ¬gurable RIP Interface Cost ......................................................5-16
Figure 5-4. IPX Conļ¬gurable RIP Timers .................................................................5-19
Figure 5-5. Split Horizon Enabled in a Fully Meshed Network .................................5-21
Figure 5-6. Split Horizon Disabled in a Non-fully Meshed Network ..........................5-22
Figure 5-7. Static Service Network Conļ¬guration ....................................................5-30
Figure 5-8. IPX SAP Filters Prohibiting SAP Broadcasts .........................................5-31
Figure 5-9. NetBIOS Static Routes ..........................................................................5-34
Figure 5-10. NetBIOS Packet Filtering .......................................................................5-38
Figure 5-11. NetBIOS Packet Flow ............................................................................5-39
Figure 5-12. NetBIOS Broadcast Filtering ..................................................................5-40
Figure 5-13. Dial-on-Demand Service ........................................................................5-43
Figure 5-14. IPX Static Routes ...................................................................................5-52
Figure 5-15. SAP Filtering ..........................................................................................5-56
Figure 5-16. IPX Routers Source Routing across a Token Ring Network ..................5-69
Figure 5-17. Sample IPX Network ..............................................................................5-73
Figure A-1. IPX Conļ¬guration window ....................................................................... A-2
Figure A-2. IPXWAN Conļ¬guration Window .............................................................. A-7
Figure A-3. Edit IPX Global Parameters window. ....................................................... A-9
Figure A-4. IPX Advanced Global Parameters Window ........................................... A-13
Figure A-5. IPX Interfaces Window .......................................................................... A-22
Figure A-6. IPX Change Circuit Window .................................................................. A-30
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117369-A Rev. A
Figure A-7. IPX RIP Circuit Window ........................................................................ A-35
Figure A-8. IPX SAP Circuit Window ....................................................................... A-41
Figure A-9. IPX NetBIOS Static Route Conļ¬guration Window ................................ A-46
Figure A-10. IPX NetBIOS Static Routes Window ..................................................... A-48
Figure A-11. IPX Adjacent Hosts Conļ¬guration Window ........................................... A-50
Figure A-12. IPX Adjacent Hosts Window ................................................................. A-52
Figure A-13. IPX Static Route Conļ¬guration Window ................................................ A-54
Figure A-14. IPX Static Routes Window .................................................................... A-57
Figure A-15. IPX Static Service Conļ¬guration Window ............................................. A-59
Figure A-16. IPX Static Services Window .................................................................. A-62
Figure A-17. IPX Route Filter Conļ¬guration Window ................................................. A-65
Figure A-18. IPX Route Filters Window ..................................................................... A-67
Figure A-19. IPX Service Network Filter Conļ¬guration Window ................................ A-72
Figure A-20. IPX Service Network Filters Window .................................................... A-75
Figure A-21. IPX Service Name Filter Conļ¬guration Window ................................... A-80
Figure A-22. IPX Service Name Filters Window ........................................................ A-82
Figure D-1. Sample IPX Conļ¬guration .......................................................................D-2
117369-A Rev. A
xv
Tables
Table 2-1. LAN Circuit and Frame Support for IPX Interfaces ..................................2-4
Table 2-2. WAN Circuit and Frame Support for IPX Interfaces .................................2-4
Table 4-1. Conļ¬guration Table for IPX over WAN Media .........................................4-12
Table 5-1. Characters in SAP Pattern-Matching Filters ..........................................5-60
Table 5-2. Concatenation Rules and Operators ......................................................5-62
Table B-1. IPX Global Parameter Default Values ..................................................... B-1
Table B-2. IPX Advanced Global Parameter Default Values .................................... B-2
Table B-3. IPX Interface Parameter Default Values .................................................. B-3
Table B-4. IPX Change Circuit Parameter Default Values ........................................ B-3
Table B-5. IPX RIP Circuit Parameter Default Values .............................................. B-4
Table B-6. IPX SAP Circuit Parameter Default Values ............................................. B-4
Table B-7. NetBIOS Static Route Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values ............. B-5
Table B-8. IPX NetBIOS Static Route Parameter Default Values ............................. B-5
Table B-9. Adjacent Host Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values .......................... B-5
Table B-10. IPX Adjacent Hosts Parameter Default Values ....................................... B-5
Table B-11. IPX Static Route Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values ...................... B-6
Table B-12. IPX Static Route Parameter Default Values ............................................ B-6
Table B-13. IPX Static Services Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values ................. B-6
Table B-14. IPX Static Services Parameter Default Values ........................................ B-7
Table B-15. Route Filter Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values ............................. B-7
Table B-16. IPX Route Filter Parameter Default Values ............................................. B-7
Table B-17. SAP Network Filter Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values .................. B-8
Table B-18. SAP Network-Level Filter Parameter Default Values .............................. B-8
Table B-19. IPX Server-Level Filter Conļ¬guration Parameter Default Values ............ B-9
Table B-20. IPX SAP Server-Level Parameter Default Values ................................... B-9
Table C-1. Service Types and Identiļ¬ers ..................................................................C-1
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xvii
About This Guide
If you are responsible for conļ¬guring IPX, you need to read this guide.
Before You Begin
Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures. For a new
router:
ā¢ Install the router (refer to the installation manual that came with your router).
ā¢ Connect the router to the network and create a pilot conļ¬guration ļ¬le (refer to
Quick-Starting Routers
,
Conļ¬guring BayStack Remote Access
, or
Connecting
ASN Routers to a Network)
.
If you want to Go to
Start IPX on a router and get it running with default settings for
parameters
Chapter
1
Learn about the IPX protocol and special aspects of the Bay Networks
implementation of IPX
Chapter 2
Enable IPX over LAN media Chapter 3
Enable IPX over WAN media Chapter 4
Customize IPX operation to suit your needs Chapter 5
Obtain information about Site Manager parameters (this is the same
information you obtain using Site Manager online Help)
Appendix A
Obtain a listing of the default settings for all Site Manager parameters Appendix B
Obtain a listing of the common service types and identiļ¬ers Appendix C
View a sample IPX conļ¬guration Appendix D
Configuring IPX Services
xviii
117369-A Rev. A
Make sure that you are running the latest version of Bay Networks Site Manager
and router software. For instructions, refer to
Upgrading Routers from Version
7ā11.xx to Version 12.00
.
Conventions
angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the
description inside the brackets. Do not type the
brackets when entering the command.
Example: if command syntax is
ping
<ip_address>
,
you enter
ping 192.32.10.12
bold text
Indicates text that you need to enter, command names,
and buttons in menu paths.
Example: Enter
wfsm &
Example: Use the
dinfo
command.
Example: ATM DXI > Interfaces >
PVCs
identiļ¬es the
PVCs button in the window that appears when you
select the Interfaces option from the ATM DXI menu.
brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements. You can choose none, one,
or all of the options.
ellipsis points Horizontal (. . .) and vertical ellipsis points indicate
omitted information.
italic text
Indicates variable values in command syntax
descriptions, new terms, ļ¬le and directory names, and
book titles.
quotation marks (ā ā) Indicate the title of a chapter or section within a book.
screen text
Indicates data that appears on the screen.
Example:
Set Bay Networks Trap Monitor Filters
separator ( > ) Separates menu and option names in instructions and
internal pin-to-pin wire connections.
Example: Protocols > AppleTalk identiļ¬es the
AppleTalk option in the Protocols menu.
Example: Pin 7 > 19 > 20
.
.
.
()
About This Guide
117369-A Rev. A
xix
vertical line (
|
) Indicates that you enter only one of the parts of the
command. The vertical line separates choices. Do not
type the vertical line when entering the command.
Example: If the command syntax is
show at routes
|
nets
,
you enter either
show at routes
or
show at nets
, but not both.
Acronyms
AUI Attachment Unit Interface
ARE All-Routes Explorer (frame)
ATM asynchronous transfer mode
BootP Bootstrap Protocol
BRI Basic Rate Interface
CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
(now ITU-T)
CSMA/CD carrier sense multiple access with collision detection
DLCI data link control layer (Layer 2 of SNA)
DLCMI Data Link Control Management Interface
GNS get nearest server
GUI graphical user interface
HDLC high-level data link control
IP Internet Protocol
IPX Internet Packet Exchange Service
IPXCP Internetwork Packet Exchange Control
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ITU-T International Telecommunication UnionāTelecommunications
(formerly CCITT)
LAN local area network
LSAP link service access point
MAC media access control
MAU media access unit
MDI-X Media-Dependent Interface with Crossover
Configuring IPX Services
xx
117369-A Rev. A
MIB management information base
NBMA nonbroadcast multi-access
NCP Network Control Protocol
NDS NetWare Directory Services
NIC Network Information Center or network interface card
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OSPF Open Shortest Path First (Protocol)
PDN Public Data Network
PNN primary network number
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PROM programmable read-only memory
RIF routing information ļ¬eld
RIP Routing Information Protocol
SAP Service Advertisement Protocol
SMDS switched multimegabit data service
SNAP Subnetwork Access Protocol
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SPX Sequenced Packet Exchange
SRE speciļ¬c route explore
STP shielded twisted pair
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TPE twisted pair Ethernet
UTP unshielded twisted pair
WAN wide area network
XNS Xerox Networking System
/
