Page is loading ...
http://www.3com.com/
Part No. DUA1550-0AAA01
Published May 2004
3Com
®
Network Director
User Guide
3C15500
3Com Corporation
350 Campus Drive
Marlborough
MA USA 01752-3064
Copyright © 2004, 3Com Technologies. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced
in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or
adaptation) without written permission from 3Com Technologies.
3Com Technologies reserves the right to revise this documentation and to make changes in content from time
to time without obligation on the part of 3Com Technologies to provide notification of such revision or
change.
3Com Technologies provides this documentation without warranty, term, or condition of any kind, either
implied or expressed, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties, terms or conditions of
merchantability, satisfactory quality, and fitness for a particular purpose. 3Com may make improvements or
changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this documentation at any time.
If there is any software on removable media described in this documentation, it is furnished under a license
agreement included with the product as a separate document, in the hard copy documentation, or on the
removable media in a directory file named LICENSE.TXT or !LICENSE.TXT. If you are unable to locate a copy,
please contact 3Com and a copy will be provided to you.
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT LEGEND
If you are a United States government agency, then this documentation and the software described herein are
provided to you subject to the following:
All technical data and computer software are commercial in nature and developed solely at private expense.
Software is delivered as “Commercial Computer Software” as defined in DFARS 252.227-7014 (June 1995) or
as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) and as such is provided with only such rights as are
provided in 3Com’s standard commercial license for the Software. Technical data is provided with limited rights
only as provided in DFAR 252.227-7015 (Nov 1995) or FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987), whichever is applicable.
You agree not to remove or deface any portion of any legend provided on any licensed program or
documentation contained in, or delivered to you in conjunction with, this User Guide.
Unless otherwise indicated, 3Com registered trademarks are registered in the United States and may or may not
be registered in other countries.
3Com and the 3Com logo are registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation. XRN is a trademark of
3Com Corporation
IEEE and 802 are registered trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows
NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Novell and NetWare are registered trademarks of
Novell, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively
through X/Open Company, Ltd.
Netscape Navigator is a registered trademark of Netscape Communications.
HP OpenView is a registered trademark of Hewlett Packard.
JavaScript is a trademark of Sun Microsystems.
All other company and product names may be trademarks of the respective companies with which they are
associated.
ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT
It is the policy of 3Com Corporation to be environmentally-friendly in all operations. To uphold our policy, we
are committed to:
Establishing environmental performance standards that comply with national legislation and regulations.
Conserving energy, materials and natural resources in all operations.
Reducing the waste generated by all operations. Ensuring that all waste conforms to recognized environmental
standards. Maximizing the recyclable and reusable content of all products.
Ensuring that all products can be recycled, reused and disposed of safely.
Ensuring that all products are labelled according to recognized environmental standards.
Improving our environmental record on a continual basis.
End of Life Statement
3Com processes allow for the recovery, reclamation and safe disposal of all end-of-life electronic components.
Regulated Materials Statement
3Com products do not contain any hazardous or ozone-depleting material.
Environmental Statement about the Documentation
The documentation for this product is printed on paper that comes from sustainable, managed forests; it is
fully biodegradable and recyclable, and is completely chlorine-free. The varnish is environmentally-friendly, and
the inks are vegetable-based with a low heavy-metal content.
The SUN J2RE software included in this product includes code licensed from RSA Security, Inc. Some portions
of the SUN J2RE software licensed from IBM are available at http://oss.software.ibm.com/icu4j/
AdventNet Java SNMP Package Version 1.3.2 Copyright (c) 1998-99 AdventNet, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Portions of this software were derived from the CMP SNMP 1.2U distribution and the following notice applies
to the CMU software. Copyright 1989 by Carnegie Mellon University. All Rights Reserved.
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this CMU software and its documentation for any purpose and
without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of CMU
not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior
permission.
Graphics Server 4 for Microsoft Windows Copyright (c) 1989 - 1996 Bits Per Second Ltd.
PuTTY is copyright 1997-2003 Simon Tatham. Portions copyright Robert de Bath, Joris van Rantwijk, Delian
Delchev, Andreas Schultz, Jeroen Massar, Wez Furlong, Nicolas Barry, and CORE SDI S.A.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of the PuTTY software and
associated documentation files (the "PuTTY Software"), to deal in the PuTTY Software without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the PuTTY Software, and to permit persons to whom the PuTTY Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions: this copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the PuTTY Software.
Protected by U.S. patents 6,594,696; 6,633,230; 6,646,656; 6,691,161; 6,691,256; Patents Pending.
CONTENTS
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
Conventions 32
Feedback about this User Guide 33
Related Documentation 33
1 GETTING STARTED
Introduction 35
What is 3Com Network Director 35
On the CD 35
Installation 36
Activation 36
Getting Started 37
Creating a New Network Map 38
Discovery Type Step 38
Specify Subnets Step 38
Monitor Core Devices and Links Step 38
Community Strings Step 38
NBX Voice Network Step 38
NBX Call Processors Step 38
Discovery Options Step 39
Scheduled Discovery Step 39
Summary Step 39
Upgrading from 3Com Network Supervisor 39
Coexistence with 3Com Network Director 39
Using saved Network Supervisor maps 40
Using saved 3Com Network Supervisor files 41
The Device Warranty feature 41
Main Features 42
Main Window 42
Network Discovery 42
Network Monitoring 42
The Event System 43
Reports on Historical Data 43
RMON Support 43
VLAN Support 43
Bulk Configuration 44
Backup, Restore and Setup 44
Agent Update 44
Traffic Prioritization 44
Reporting 45
Device Administration 45
Live Update 45
2 PRODUCT ACTIVATION
Introduction 47
Key Concepts 48
Components 48
About Dialog 48
Activation Wizard 49
Obtaining Product Upgrades 51
US, Canada and Latin America 52
Outside US, Canada and Latin America 52
Examples 52
Activating 3Com Network Director 52
Useful Information and References 53
Where can I find the product number for 3Com Network
Director? 53
Where can I find the serial number for 3Com Network Director? 53
Where can I find the license key for 3Com Network Director? 53
What product number is right for me? 54
Key Considerations 54
What if I lose my Activation Key after registration? 54
How do I move my copy of 3Com Network Director to another
workstation? 54
If I re-install the product after it has been activated, do I need to
activate it again? 55
My copy of 3Com Network Director no longer runs, even though it
has been activated. 55
Why can’t I log in to the 3Com support web site? 55
I want to install my upgrade from 3Com Network Supervisor
Advanced Package v2.0 to 3Com Network Director on a different
workstation. 55
I want to upgrade my copy of 3Com Network Supervisor Advanced
Package v2.0 to 3Com Network Director v1.0 56
Troubleshooting 58
My license key to upgrade from 3Com Network Supervisor Advanced
Package v2.0 is rejected 58
3 MAIN WINDOW
Overview 61
Key Concepts 62
Map Files 62
Components 63
Map 63
Tree 63
Toolbar 63
Status Bar 63
Main Menu 64
File 64
Edit 65
View 66
Device 69
Monitoring 70
Alerts/Events 71
RMON 71
Tools 72
Help 73
File > Lock Menu Option 73
File > Exit Menu Option 74
View > Show Toolbar Menu Option 74
Tools > Scheduled Tasks Menu Option 74
Tools > Options Menu Option 76
General 77
Device Management 78
Internet 80
Discovery 81
Monitoring 81
Logging 82
VLANs 84
Retry/Timeout 84
Security 85
Help > Contents and Index Menu Option 87
Help > Launch User Guide 87
Help > About 3Com
®
Director Menu Option 88
Examples 88
Finding the Product Version 88
Finding the Serial Number, License Number and Activation Key 89
Key Considerations 90
Scheduled Tasks 90
4 DISCOVERING THE NETWORK
Overview 91
Key Concepts 92
The Discovery Process – Detecting Devices 92
IP Ping 93
Device Capability Detection 93
SNMP Type Detection 94
IP to MAC Resolution 94
End Station Type Recognition 94
Web Type Recognition 95
DNS Name Resolution 95
NBX Phone Detection 95
Device Sizing 96
The Discovery Process – Determining Topology 96
Sizing stage 97
Spanning Tree stage 98
Remote Poll Stage (broadcast ARP) 98
Initial Endstation stage 99
Device Resolution Stage 99
Remote Poll Stage (directed pings) 99
Outstanding end station stage 100
Tree Building Stage 100
Clouds – Unknown Topology 100
Other Clouds 103
The Discovery Process – Rediscovery 104
Scheduled Discoveries 106
Components 106
Launching a discovery 106
The Welcome dialog box 107
File > New 107
Tools > Network Discovery with nothing selected 108
Tools > Network Discovery with a discovered subnet selected 108
Tools > Network Discovery with an undiscovered subnet
selected 109
The Network Discovery Wizard 109
Discovery Type Pane 110
Specify Subnets Pane 111
Editing subnets in the list 114
Removing subnets from the list 114
Choosing from a list of known subnets 114
Importing subnets from a file 116
Monitor Core Devices and Links Pane 117
Community Strings Pane 118
NBX Voice Network Pane 120
NBX Call Processors Pane 120
Discovery Options Pane 122
Scheduled Discovery Pane 124
Summary Pane 126
The Network Discovery Progress Dialog Box 128
Network Discovery Summary dialog box 130
The Discovery Report 131
Discovery 132
Topology 132
The Misconfigurations and Optimizations Report 132
The Changes Report 133
The Displayed Map 133
Initial Map Creation 133
Subsequent Map Updates 134
Examples 134
How do I discover my network every day at midnight? 134
Directly From the Options dialog box 134
I have four separate subnets - how do I specify them? 137
One of my subnets is over a slow WAN link - can I discover it, and if so,
what settings should I use? 138
I am using different SNMP community strings for different devices on my
network - how do I specify this? 139
Useful Information and References 140
Why the discovered map may not exactly reflect the network 140
Some devices haven't appeared 140
Some devices are the wrong type 141
There are clouds in my map 141
Support for 3Com devices 142
Support for third party devices 142
Key Considerations 143
Discovering over slow/expensive links 143
Discovery Report Errors and Warnings 144
Discovery Section 144
Topology Section 146
5 WORKING WITH THE MAP
Overview 151
Key Concepts 152
The Map 152
The Tree 154
Components 156
Map Structure 156
The Grouped Network View 156
The Ungrouped Network View 158
Devices 158
Device Icons 158
Pull-Right Menu for Devices 161
Physical Links 163
Unvalidated Links 164
Physical Link Annotations 164
Spanning Tree Protocol Support 165
Pull-Right Menu for Physical Links 165
Layer-3 Connections 166
167
Clouds 167
Pull-Right Menu for Clouds 169
Subnets 169
Device Groups 172
Tooltips 174
Map Item Labels and Address Translation 175
Navigation 182
Panning 182
Zoom in 182
Zoom out 183
Fit to page 183
Shortcut Symbols 186
Navigating Around the Map Using the Tree 187
Viewing the VLANs on Your Network 188
Trace Path 188
Using The Trace Path Wizard 191
Finding Items on Your Network 192
Using Wildcards to Find Partial Matches 193
Searching Within the Search Results 194
Using the Find Dialog Box to Select Items for Operations 195
Finding Devices 195
Finding Links 197
Finding NBX Telephony Components 198
Modifying the Map Layout 200
Manually Modifying the Map Contents 202
Adding Items to the Map 202
Linking Items in the Map 204
Keeping the Map Up-to-date 205
Dynamic Network Login Support 205
Saving and Opening Maps 206
Exporting Maps to Microsoft“ Visio“ 208
209
Printing the Map 210
Background Images 210
Examples 212
Selecting all of the SuperStack 3 Switch 4400 Devices in the
Network 212
Viewing all of the Physical Connections for a Router 215
Focusing in on a Set of Devices in the Map 217
Adding a Link between Map Items from Different Submaps 220
Adding a New Device on Your Network Into the Map 221
Useful Information and References 225
Graphical Support for Specific Device Types 225
NBX Network Telephony Solution 225
3Com Switch 4007 225
3Com Wireless Access Points 225
Files Associated with Saved Maps 226
Network Login 227
6 VIEWING DEVICE DETAILS
Overview 229
Key Concepts 230
Items Supported by the Properties Dialog Box 230
Components 230
Launching the Properties Dialog Box 230
Structure of the Properties Dialog Box 231
The Tabbed Pane 231
The Device Tree 233
Properties Dialog Box for a Node 236
Properties Dialog Box for a Supported Device 237
Supported Device (Stack or Chassis) 238
Supported Device (Single Unit) 239
Properties Dialog Box for an Unsupported Device 240
Properties Dialog Box for an End-Station 241
Properties Dialog Box for a Phone 242
Properties Dialog Box for a Subnet 244
Properties Dialog Box for a Device Group 245
Properties Dialog Box for a Cloud 245
Properties Dialog Box for a Link 247
Properties Dialog Box for a Non-WAN Link 247
Properties Dialog Box for a WAN Link 249
Properties Dialog Box for a Layer-3 Connection 250
Properties Dialog Box for a Multiple Selection 251
Applying Changes to Devices Using the Properties Dialog Box 254
This section describes how you can apply changes to items with the
Properties dialog box. 254
Changing the Custom Name 254
Setting the IP Address for a Manually Added Device 255
Setting the Port Numbers for a Manually Added Link 257
Changing the Community Strings for a Device 258
Changing the Monitoring Settings 261
Changing the Retry and Timeout Settings for a Device or Subnet 262
Changing the Discovery Options for a Subnet 263
Examples 264
Key Considerations 269
Troubleshooting 269
7 MONITORING THE NETWORK
Overview 273
Key Concepts 273
Monitor 273
Monitoring and Event Generation 274
Monitoring State 274
Monitoring State and the Grouped View 276
Monitoring Techniques 276
IP Ping Monitoring 277
SNMP MIB Data Retrieval 277
Service Polling 278
SNMP Trap Receipt 278
Monitor-able Items 279
Monitoring Non-3Com Devices 279
Link Monitoring 279
Components 280
Live Graphs Window 280
Poll Rates 281
Live Graphs Tree 281
Live Graphs Display 282
Displaying Thresholds 283
Live Graphs Toolbar 284
Live Graphs Menu 285
More Detail Dialog Box 286
Detailed Graph Dialog Box 287
Viewing a Monitor’s Component Values 288
Showing Thresholds 289
Showing Plot Points 290
Exporting a Graph 290
Zooming into a Graph 291
Poll Rates 293
Configuration 293
Starting and Stopping Monitoring 293
Disabling and Enabling Individual Monitors 294
Controlling Monitoring Type and Polling Rates 296
Monitoring Mode 296
Poll Rate 298
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Whole Map
Level 298
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Subnet Level 300
Specifying Monitoring Mode and Poll Rates at the Device Level 301
Specifying Monitoring Mode in the Discovery Wizard 302
Changing Retry Periods and Timeouts 304
Controlling Event Generation from Monitors 304
Registering 3Com Network Director as an SNMP Trap Destination 304
Configuring the Storage of Monitoring Data 306
Examples 308
Enabling Monitoring on the Core Devices in the Map 308
Disabling Monitoring on the Whole Network 308
Configuring Monitoring for a Remote Office 309
Extending the Length of Maintained Monitor History 313
Key Considerations 314
Monitoring and Logged Data 314
Text Displayed in Graphs 314
Problems Starting Monitoring for a Device or Link 315
8 THE EVENT LOG
Overview 319
Key Concepts 319
Events 319
Event Types 320
Monitor-Based Events 320
SNMP Trap-Based Events 321
3Com Network Director Internal Events 321
Event Severities 321
Information Severity 321
Warning Severity 322
High Severity Events 322
Critical Severity 322
Recurring Severity 322
Event Severity Colors 323
Event Resolution 323
Smart Event Analysis 324
Event Correlation 324
Recurring Event Handling 324
Event Suppression 325
SNMP Trap Filtering 325
Alerts 325
Events List Components 326
Launching the Events Window 326
Events Main Window 327
Events List 327
Events Toolbar 329
Events Menu 329
Status Bars 331
Working With Events 332
Navigating to Event Sources in the Map 332
Commenting on Events 333
Manually Resolving Events 334
Deleting Events 335
Refreshing the Events List 336
Exporting the Events List to a CSV Format File 337
Printing the Events List 338
Find Dialog Box 338
Filter Dialog Box 339
Name Filter 340
Show only voice related events Filter 341
Severity Filter 341
Last number of days Filter 342
Resolved Filter 342
Deleted Events Filter 343
Description Filter 343
Comment Filter 343
Filter Status Bar 343
More Detail Dialog Box 344
Event Tab 345
Graphs Tab 346
Trap Decode Tab 348
Event System Configuration 349
Disabling and Enabling Events 349
Disabled Events Dialog Box 350
Selecting Items 351
Controlling Smart Event Analysis 352
Controlling Global Smart Event Analysis 353
Controlling SNMP Trap Filtering 354
Controlling Per-Event Advanced Settings 355
Setting Thresholds for Monitor-Based Events 356
High and Warning Thresholds 356
Launching the Threshold Settings Dialog Box 356
Threshold Settings Dialog Box 357
Configuring the Storage of Monitoring History for Events 360
Managing Event Ageing 361
Ageing Dialog Box 363
Alert System Components 364
Alerts System Overview 364
Attach Alerts Dialog Box 364
Attaching Alerts to Items 366
Configuring Alerts 366
SNMP Trap Alerts 369
Examples 370
Viewing the Unresolved Events for a Subnet 370
Exporting High Severity Events Generated in the Last Week 371
Undeleting an Event 373
Obtaining Events for Received SNMP Traps 376
Getting Events As Soon As Your Network Has A Problem 377
Receiving Notification When A Server Farm Is Unreachable 378
Key Considerations 382
No Events in the Events List 382
Events List Update Was Stopped 382
Filter Has Excluded All Events 383
No Graph Available for an Event 383
9 PERFORMANCE REPORTING
Overview 385
Key Concepts 385
Automated logging 385
Data resolutions 386
Reporting 386
Components 386
Historical report 386
Link monitors 389
Logging options 390
Database 391
Examples 392
Determining the cause of high errors on a link 392
Predicting demand for bandwidth requirements 392
Web server analysis 393
Useful Information and References 395
RRDTool 395
Mapping file format 395
Devices 395
Links between switches/hubs 395
Links between a switch/hub and an end station/cloud 395
Database file format 396
Database management 398
Key Considerations 399
Troubleshooting 399
Mapping file not updating 399
Changing the logging data directory 399
Missing data within RRD database files 400
Empty historical report states 3Com Network Director cannot monitor
device/link 400
10 RMON
Introduction 403
Key Concepts 404
What is RMON 404
Statistics 404
History 404
Host 405
HostTopN 405
Matrix 406
HC-RMON 406
Components 407
3Com support for RMON 407
The RMONView window 407
The Menu bar 408
414
The Toolbar 414
The Table View 416
416
The Graph View 417
Viewing data from the RMON Statistics group 417
Viewing RMON Statistics data for a selected device 417
3Com Switch 4007 418
Viewing data from the RMON History group 423
Viewing RMON History data for a selected device 423
3Com Switch 4007 424
Viewing RMON history data for a selected link 425
History View dialog box 427
History Entries 429
Viewing data from the RMON Host group 431
Viewing RMON Host data for a selected device 431
3Com Switch 4007 432
Viewing RMON host data for a selected link 433
Host View dialog box 436
Viewing data from the RMON Matrix group 440
Viewing RMON Matrix data for a selected device 440
Stations 446
Matrix Flow 446
Managing RMON tables 447
Deletion of RMON Tables 448
Examples 450
How do I graph errors on my core switch links? 450
How do I graph utilization on a specific VLAN? 451
How do I view the data associated with an aggregated link? 451
Useful Information And References 452
RMON 452
RMON Support on individual 3Com devices 452
RMON Limits on individual devices (for table creation) 452
Key Considerations 452
11 CREATING REPORTS
Overview 453
Key Concepts 454
Selection-sensitive 454
Feature Reports Types 454
Device Report History - Restriction 455
Custom Report Types 455
Reports History 455
Export to CSV 456
Components 456
Inventory Report 456
Capacity Report 457
Topology Report 457
Free ports Report 457
Reports Dialog Box 458
Generate Report Tab 459
History Tab 460
Custom Report Types Dialog Box 462
Add/Edit Report Type Wizard 463
Columns Step 463
Name and Description Step 467
Summary Step 467
Examples 468
Assessing Network Expansion Capability 468
Ensuring Stacks are Running the Same Agent Version 469
Key Considerations 470
Report Information Out-of-Date 470
Disk Usage 470
Generate Report not Working 471
12 CONFIGURING SINGLE DEVICES
Overview 473
Key Concepts 474
Web Management 474
Telnet Management 474
SSH Management 474
Administration Menu 474
3Com Device View 475
3Com Switch Manager 475
3Com Router Manager 475
Network Jack Configuration Manager 475
IP Ping 475
Trace Route 476
Properties Dialog Box 478
General 478
Security 479
Unit Information 480
VLANs 481
Registering Devices for Warranty 483
Components 483
Device Warranty Dialog Box 483
Device Warranty Wizard 484
Introduction Step 484
Contact Details Step 485
Partner/Reseller Details Step 486
Device Selection Step 488
Summary Step 489
Connection to the 3Com Server 490
What Data is Sent to the 3Com server 490
Reports 491
Web Management 491
Device Warranty 491
Examples 493
Renaming a Switch 4007 using Telnet 493
Disabling a Port on a Switch 4400 using the Web Interface 493
Viewing Connected Ports using Device View 494
Registering 3Com Devices for Warranty 494
/
