Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON User guide

Dell Configuration Guide for the S4048T–ON

System

9.11(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 01

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................43

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43

Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................43

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................47

Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Configuring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 48

Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................49

Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 49

Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................49

Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 50

Configuration File Management.................................................................................................................................... 50

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................50

Mounting an NFS File System.................................................................................................................................. 51

Save the Running-Configuration............................................................................................................................. 53

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................53

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................53

Compressing Configuration Files............................................................................................................................. 54

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 57

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 57

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 58

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................................................58

Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................58

Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 59

4 Management................................................................................................................................................ 61

Configuring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................61

Creating a Custom Privilege Level........................................................................................................................... 61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode..............................................................................................................62

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 62

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands................................................................................... 62

Allowing Access to Different Modes.......................................................................................................................62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................64

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 64

Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 64

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................65

Configuring Logging Format .................................................................................................................................. 66

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration................................................................................. 67

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 67

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................69

Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................69

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................69

Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 69

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.................................................................................................................................... 71

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................71

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit..................................................................................................................... 71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 73

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer............................................................................................................................. 73

Configuration Task List for System Log Management......................................................................................... 73

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................74

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................74

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 74

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 75

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................76

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 77

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77

File Transfer Services......................................................................................................................................................78

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................78

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78

Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 78

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................79

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................79

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line...............................................................................................80

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................81

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................82

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................82

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................83

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 83

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................83

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 84

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................ 84

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 86

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................88

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................88

Configuring 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 89

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................... 89

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 89

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................90

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions.......................................................................................................... 91

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................92

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................93

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93

Configuring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96

Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 97

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................97

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................99

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..................................................................99

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups...........................................................................................................100

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters..............................................100

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups..............................................................................................................................100

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters....................................................................................................... 101

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 103

Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes..................................................................................................................... 104

Configuring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 104

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 106

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).................................................................................................................................... 107

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................108

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................... 108

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................110

Configuration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................110

Configuring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................112

Configuring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................113

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution................................................................................................. 114

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 115

Contents

5

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 115

IP Fragment Handling.....................................................................................................................................................116

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 116

Configure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................117

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 118

Configure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 119

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................119

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 120

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................121

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................122

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................122

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................123

Configure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................123

Configure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................123

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)....................................................................................................124

IP Prefix Lists..................................................................................................................................................................125

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................125

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists.................................................................................................................125

ACL Resequencing.........................................................................................................................................................129

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List...................................................................................................................... 129

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................131

Logging of ACL Processes.............................................................................................................................................131

Guidelines for Configuring ACL Logging............................................................................................................... 132

Configuring ACL Logging........................................................................................................................................ 132

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................133

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 133

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................135

Configuring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 136

Configuring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................138

Sample Configuration.............................................................................................................................................. 139

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface...............................................................139

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................140

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................140

BFD Packet Format.................................................................................................................................................. 141

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 142

BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 143

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................145

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................145

Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 145

Configure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 146

Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 147

Configure BFD for OSPF........................................................................................................................................ 150

Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 153

6

Contents

Configure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................154

Configure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................156

Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 163

Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................166

Troubleshooting BFD............................................................................................................................................... 166

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)....................................................................................................168

Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................168

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 170

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170

Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................. 171

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................173

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................174

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................174

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 175

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................177

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................177

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support..................................................................................................................... 178

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................178

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................179

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 179

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179

AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................181

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)....................................................................................................... 182

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................182

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 183

BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 183

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184

Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................187

Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191

Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................193

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................194

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................196

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................ 198

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 199

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 200

Configuring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................200

Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................201

Contents

7

Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................202

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................203

Changing MED Attributes...................................................................................................................................... 204

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute................................................................................................. 204

Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes...........205

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................206

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps............................................................................................................. 208

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................208

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors.......................................................................................................................209

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................. 210

Configuring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................210

Enabling Route Flap Dampening..............................................................................................................................211

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................213

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration..................................................................................................... 213

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................214

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................216

Enabling MBGP Configurations....................................................................................................................................216

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................217

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 217

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.................................................................................................................................... 218

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................219

PDU Counters..........................................................................................................................................................220

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................220

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 227

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................227

Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 229

View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................229

View CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 231

CAM Optimization..........................................................................................................................................................231

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling..........................................................................................................................................231

QoS CAM Region Limitation.................................................................................................................................. 232

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................233

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................234

Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................235

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 237

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.................................................................................................................................... 238

Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................241

Displaying CoPP Configuration ..............................................................................................................................241

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................244

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 244

Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................245

8

Contents

Enhanced Transmission Selection......................................................................................................................... 246

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 247

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 248

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................248

DCB Maps and its Attributes................................................................................................................................. 249

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration.............................................................................................................250

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................... 250

Configuring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................251

Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 252

PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 252

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................253

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................254

Configuring Lossless QueuesExample:................................................................................................................. 254

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method...................................................................................256

Pause and Resume of Traffic.................................................................................................................................256

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................256

Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................257

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic................................................................................................. 258

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection.............................................................................................................258

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................258

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 258

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260

Configuring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 260

Configuring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................262

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................263

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................263

Configure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................263

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................264

DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265

Configuration Source Election...............................................................................................................................265

Propagation of DCB Information...........................................................................................................................266

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version..................................................................... 266

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 267

Configuring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267

Verifying the DCB Configuration..................................................................................................................................271

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment.........................................................................................280

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method....................................................................................................................281

Sample DCB Configuration...........................................................................................................................................282

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples.............................................................................................. 284

13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)........................................................................................ 285

Contents

9

DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................285

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................287

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 288

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 288

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation................................................................................. 289

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................290

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution.....................................................................................................290

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................290

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................291

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 291

Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................291

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 292

Configure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................292

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................294

Configuring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................294

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................295

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 296

Configure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)...................................................................................297

Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................297

Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 297

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................298

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 301

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 302

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 303

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................304

Enabling IP Source Address Validation................................................................................................................. 304

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation............................................................................................................... 305

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................305

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................306

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................. 306

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................307

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 307

Configuring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 307

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 307

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 308

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 308

Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................. 309

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................309

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 309

RTAG7............................................................................................................................................................................. 310

Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.....................................................................................................................................311

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 314

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................314

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 314

10

Contents

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................316

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................318

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................318

FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 318

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................318

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................319

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................320

Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................320

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link...................................................................................................... 320

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.......................................................................................................... 320

Impact on Other Software Features.....................................................................................................................320

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 321

Configuring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................321

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................322

FCoE Transit Configuration Example.......................................................................................................................... 327

16 FIPS Cryptography.................................................................................................................................. 329

Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................................... 329

Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 329

Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................330

Generating Host-Keys.................................................................................................................................................. 330

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 330

Disabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 331

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)...................................................................................................332

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................332

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................333

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................333

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................334

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................335

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................336

FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 336

Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 336

Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................337

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................338

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................339

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................339

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................339

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 339

Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................340

Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................340

Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 340

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................341

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 342

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 343

Contents

11

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 344

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 344

Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 345

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................345

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 346

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 346

Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 346

Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 347

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................347

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 349

Component Redundancy..............................................................................................................................................349

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover..........................................................................................................349

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units............................................................................. 350

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover.................................................................................................................................350

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.......................................................................................................................... 351

Disabling Auto-Reboot.............................................................................................................................................351

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units..................................................................................351

Pre-Configuring a Stack Unit Slot................................................................................................................................351

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit...............................................................................................................352

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 352

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 352

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................353

Software Component Health Monitoring.............................................................................................................353

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................353

Failure and Event Logging......................................................................................................................................353

Hot-Lock Behavior........................................................................................................................................................ 354

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)........................................................................................355

IGMP Implementation Information..............................................................................................................................355

IGMP Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................. 355

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................355

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................357

Configure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................360

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................360

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces................................................................................................................................361

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 361

Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 361

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 362

Adjusting Query and Response Timers.................................................................................................................362

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group....................................................................................................................363

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 366

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................366

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................366

Configuring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 366

12

Contents

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................367

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................367

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router......................................................................................368

Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................368

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................369

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 369

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................369

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................370

Handling of Management Route Configuration....................................................................................................371

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic...................................................................................................................... 372

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................372

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation).................................................................................................. 373

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type....................................................................................373

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................374

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic ......................................................................... 375

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................376

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 377

21 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 378

Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................................................378

Advanced Interface Configuration...............................................................................................................................378

Interface Types.............................................................................................................................................................. 379

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................379

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State.................................................................................................. 381

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................382

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................382

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces...................................................................................................382

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 382

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 383

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................383

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 384

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................384

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 385

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................385

Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 385

Management Interfaces............................................................................................................................................... 386

Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 386

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 387

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 388

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................389

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................389

Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................ 390

Port Channel Benefits.............................................................................................................................................390

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................ 390

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................391

Contents

13

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................ 391

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................391

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 392

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel............................................................................................... 393

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 394

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................394

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel..........................................................................................................395

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................396

Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 396

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................396

Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 397

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................397

Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................................................397

Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................399

Define the Interface Range....................................................................................................................................399

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................399

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces.......................................................................................................................400

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................401

Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 401

Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................ 402

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports...........................................................................................................................403

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port................................................................................. 404

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................404

Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 405

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 406

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................406

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................406

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 408

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................408

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................409

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................................... 409

Port-Pipes....................................................................................................................................................................... 410

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 410

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................. 411

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................412

View Advanced Interface Information......................................................................................................................... 413

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................413

Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 415

Dynamic Counters..........................................................................................................................................................416

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................416

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................418

Configuring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................418

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................420

IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 421

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Contents

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 421

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 421

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface....................................................................................................................... 421

Configuring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 422

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface......................................................................................... 423

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 424

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 424

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................424

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................425

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................425

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................425

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................426

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains...................................................................................426

Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................427

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................427

Configuration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................428

Configuring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................428

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................428

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................429

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 429

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................... 429

ARP Learning via ARP Request...................................................................................................................................429

Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................430

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 431

Configuration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 431

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages.......................................................................................................................431

UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 431

Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 431

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 432

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................432

Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................432

Configurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 433

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................ 433

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................................ 434

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................434

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses........................................................................................... 435

Troubleshooting UDP Helper....................................................................................................................................... 435

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................436

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................436

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................437

Stateless Autoconfiguration................................................................................................................................... 437

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................437

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................438

Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 440

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................441

Contents

15

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................442

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................443

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 444

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 445

Configuration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS................................................................................................................... 445

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server.......................................................................................................445

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................446

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................447

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................447

Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 448

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 448

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................449

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................449

Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 450

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................450

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................450

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information...............................................................................................................451

Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 451

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface........................................................................................ 453

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................453

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..........................................................................................................................................453

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface........................................................................................................ 455

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 456

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 457

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................457

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows..............................................................................................................................459

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.................................................................................... 459

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows......................................................................................................459

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.......................................................................... 460

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 460

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer............................................................... 461

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................461

Default iSCSI Optimization Values.............................................................................................................................. 462

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................462

Configuring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 462

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 464

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System..........................................................................................466

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................ 466

Multi-Topology IS-IS......................................................................................................................................................467

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 467

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 468

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................468

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Contents

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 468

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 468

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 468

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................ 469

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................470

Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................477

Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................. 478

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480

Redistributing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 481

Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 482

Setting the Overload Bit.........................................................................................................................................482

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 483

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................484

Configure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 484

Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................485

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only............................................................................................... 485

Leaks from One Level to Another......................................................................................................................... 486

Sample Configurations.................................................................................................................................................. 487

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................490

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP..................................................................................................................490

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................490

LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................491

Configuring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................491

LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 492

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................492

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................492

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 493

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................493

Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 494

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 494

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking..........................................................................................496

LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................ 496

Configure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................496

28 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 505

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 505

Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 505

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries....................................................................................................... 505

Configuring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 506

Displaying the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................506

MAC Learning Limit...................................................................................................................................................... 506

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 507

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................507

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 507

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 508

Contents

17

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 508

Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................ 508

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................509

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations.......................................................................... 509

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 510

Configure Redundant Pairs............................................................................................................................................511

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 513

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 514

FEFD State Changes............................................................................................................................................... 515

Configuring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................516

Enabling FEFD on an Interface...............................................................................................................................516

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................517

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 519

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................519

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................519

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................ 520

Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................520

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview............................................................................................................................... 522

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................522

Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 526

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................526

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................526

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................527

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations............................................................................................527

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................527

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................528

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................528

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................528

Advertising TLVs........................................................................................................................................................... 528

Viewing the LLDP Configuration.................................................................................................................................530

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................530

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................531

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................532

Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................532

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................533

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 534

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................539

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................539

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................539

Limitations of the NLB Feature................................................................................................................................... 540

Microsoft Clustering..................................................................................................................................................... 540

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 540

Configuring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................540

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................541

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Contents

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 542

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................542

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................543

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 544

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol....................................................................................................... 544

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................544

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 548

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................549

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 549

Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 549

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................550

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................550

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.....................................................................................550

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 553

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 554

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 554

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................. 555

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................555

Logging Changes in Peership States..........................................................................................................................556

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................556

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................557

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 557

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................558

Configuring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 559

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................560

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................560

MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 562

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................565

Protocol Overview........................................................................................................................................................ 565

Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................566

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 566

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................566

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 567

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally......................................................................................................................567

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................567

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 568

Influencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 569

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................ 569

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................570

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................570

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................571

Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 572

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................573

MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................573

Contents

19

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration.......................................................................................574

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................ 577

33 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................579

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................579

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 579

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................580

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................580

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 587

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................588

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................588

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................589

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................590

34 Object Tracking.......................................................................................................................................596

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................596

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................597

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................597

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes.................................................................................................................................. 598

Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................599

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................599

Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................599

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 599

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 600

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route..................................................................................................................................... 602

Displaying Tracked Objects..........................................................................................................................................605

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 607

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................607

Autonomous System (AS) Areas...........................................................................................................................607

Area Types............................................................................................................................................................... 608

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................609

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................609

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................ 611

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................611

Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................612

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................613

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 614

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................615

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF.......................................................................................................................... 615

OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................615

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................615

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 616

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................616

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)....................................................................................... 630

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