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PowerSwitch S6000

Dell PowerSwitch S6000 Administrator Guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S6000 System
9.11(2.1P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Contents
3
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................63
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................65
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................68
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................73
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................73
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 74
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................75
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................78
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the S6000.............................................................................................. 78
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the S6000..............................................................................................................79
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 80
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................80
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................. 81
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................83
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................85
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................85
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................86
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 86
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................86
Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................87
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................88
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................89
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................89
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................90
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication...................................................................................... 91
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 92
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................96
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................98
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................98
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................99
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................99
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................99
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................100
Viewing CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................... 101
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 102
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 104
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................105
CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................106
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................106
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................108
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................108
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................110
Conguring Set Conditions.......................................................................................................................................111
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................112
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 113
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 113
Contents
5
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 114
IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................114
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 114
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................115
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................116
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................117
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................117
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................120
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................120
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................121
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................121
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................122
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 122
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 123
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 124
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 124
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 125
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 128
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................129
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................130
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 130
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 130
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 131
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................132
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................133
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 135
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................136
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................136
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)...................................................................................................137
How BFD Works..............................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................138
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 139
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 140
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................142
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 142
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 142
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................143
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for OSPF......................................................................................................................................... 147
Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 157
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................163
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................166
6
Contents
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................166
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168
Autonomous Systems (AS)...........................................................................................................................................168
Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170
Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172
Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177
Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 179
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179
AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 187
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 193
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 194
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 196
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................198
Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 199
Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 200
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 200
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................201
Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 202
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 203
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................204
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................204
Contents
7
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 205
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................206
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................206
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................206
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................208
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208
Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 209
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................210
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................210
Enabling Route Flap Dampening..............................................................................................................................211
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................213
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................213
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................214
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................216
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 216
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 217
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................217
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 217
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................218
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................219
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 220
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 220
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................227
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................227
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................229
View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................229
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 230
View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................231
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 232
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................232
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................232
Syslog Error When the Table is Full....................................................................................................................... 232
Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM.........................................................................................233
Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes....................................................233
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................233
Conguring UFT Modes..........................................................................................................................................233
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 235
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 236
Conguring CoPP for Protocols.............................................................................................................................237
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 239
Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..........................................................................................................................240
Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.....................................................................................................240
Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................241
8
Contents
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 243
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................243
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 244
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................245
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................246
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................247
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 247
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................248
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................249
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................249
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................... 250
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 252
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................252
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................253
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................253
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................253
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method............................................................................. 255
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................256
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................256
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................257
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................258
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................258
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 258
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................259
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................259
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................259
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 259
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 260
ETS Operation with DCBx.......................................................................................................................................261
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................. 261
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................262
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 263
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................264
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 264
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................264
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................265
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 266
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 266
Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................267
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................267
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 268
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................268
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................268
Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................272
Contents
9
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................280
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 281
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................282
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................284
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................285
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 285
Assign an IP Address using DHCP............................................................................................................................... 287
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................288
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................288
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................289
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................290
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 290
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................290
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 291
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................ 291
Debugging the DHCP Server..................................................................................................................................291
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................292
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 292
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................292
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................294
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................294
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)................................................................................... 295
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................295
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................296
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................296
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................300
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................300
Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 301
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 302
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 303
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................303
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 304
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................304
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 305
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................305
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................306
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................306
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 306
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 306
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................307
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................307
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................308
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................308
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 308
10
Contents
Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................309
Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................. 310
Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes .........................................................................310
RTAG7..............................................................................................................................................................................310
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.....................................................................................................................................311
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 314
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................314
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................314
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................316
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................318
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 318
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................318
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 318
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................319
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................320
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 320
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................320
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................320
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 320
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 321
Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................321
Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................322
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................327
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................329
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................329
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................329
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................330
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................330
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................330
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism.................................................................................331
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................332
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 332
LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 332
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 333
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................333
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................333
Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 333
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................333
Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................334
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................334
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................334
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces......................................................................................335
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 336
Contents
11
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................336
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 337
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................337
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................338
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 339
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................340
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 340
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................340
Conguring the Control VLAN................................................................................................................................341
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................342
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................343
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................343
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................343
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................343
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 344
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................344
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................344
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................345
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 346
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................347
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................348
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 348
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 349
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................349
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................350
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................350
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 350
Congure a GARP Timer............................................................................................................................................... 351
19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 352
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 352
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................352
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 352
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 354
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 357
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 357
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................358
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................358
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................358
Viewing IGMP Snooping Groups................................................................................................................................. 359
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 359
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 359
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 360
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................360
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................360
12
Contents
Conguring IGMP Snooping................................................................................................................................... 361
Removing a Group-Port Association......................................................................................................................361
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................362
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 362
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 362
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................363
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................363
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................364
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................365
Handling of Management Route Conguration...................................................................................................365
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................366
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................367
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................367
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................367
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 368
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac .......................................................................... 369
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 370
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................371
20 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................372
Basic Interface Conguration....................................................................................................................................... 372
Advanced Interface Conguration............................................................................................................................... 372
Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 373
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 373
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................375
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................376
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................376
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 376
40G to 1G Breakout Cable Adaptor....................................................................................................................... 376
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................377
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 377
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................378
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................378
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................379
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 379
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 380
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 380
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................380
Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 380
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................382
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................383
Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................383
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 384
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 384
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................384
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................384
Contents
13
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................385
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 385
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................386
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 386
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................386
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................388
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 389
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 389
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 390
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................390
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 391
Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................391
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 392
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................392
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................392
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 394
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 394
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 394
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 394
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................395
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 396
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................396
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 398
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................399
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 400
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 400
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................404
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................404
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 404
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................404
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 406
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 407
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 407
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................408
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................409
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................409
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................409
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 410
View Advanced Interface Information.......................................................................................................................... 411
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 412
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 413
Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 414
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 415
Compressing Conguration Files..................................................................................................................................415
21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................. 419
14
Contents
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................420
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................420
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................420
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................420
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 421
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 422
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................423
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 423
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 423
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 424
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................424
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................424
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 425
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................425
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................426
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 426
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................426
Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 427
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 427
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................427
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................428
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 428
Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................429
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 429
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 429
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 429
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................430
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................430
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 430
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................430
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 431
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 431
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses..................................................................................................................431
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................432
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 432
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................433
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 433
22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................434
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................434
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................435
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 435
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................435
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support................................................................... 436
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................437
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................439
Contents
15
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 440
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS..............................................................................................................441
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................442
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 443
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 443
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................444
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 444
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................445
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................445
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 446
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 446
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................446
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 447
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................448
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................448
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................448
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................449
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 449
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................450
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface..........................................................................................451
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................452
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 452
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 452
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................454
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 455
23 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 456
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................456
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................458
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 458
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................458
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................459
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................459
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................460
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................460
Default iSCSI Optimization Values................................................................................................................................461
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................. 461
Conguring iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................... 461
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................463
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 465
IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 465
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................465
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 466
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 466
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................467
16
Contents
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................467
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................467
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................467
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................467
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................468
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................469
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................476
Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................477
Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 479
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................480
Conguring Authentication Passwords..................................................................................................................481
Setting the Overload Bit..........................................................................................................................................481
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 482
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................483
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................483
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 483
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................483
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................485
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................486
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 488
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 488
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 488
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 489
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................489
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................490
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................490
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................490
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 491
Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................491
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 492
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 492
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 494
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 494
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 494
26 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 503
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 503
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 503
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................503
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................504
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................504
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................504
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 505
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 505
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 505
Contents
17
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 506
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 506
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................506
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 507
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 507
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 508
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................508
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 509
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs..........................................................................................511
Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................512
FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................513
Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 514
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 514
Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................515
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...................................................................................................... 517
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview.............................................................................................................................................517
Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................. 517
Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................518
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 518
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 520
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 520
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................524
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 524
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................524
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................525
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 525
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................525
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 526
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................526
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 526
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 526
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 528
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 528
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................529
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode................................................................................................................... 530
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 530
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................531
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 532
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 537
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 537
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 537
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................538
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................538
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 538
18
Contents
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................538
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 539
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................540
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................540
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................541
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................542
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................542
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................542
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 546
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 547
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................547
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 548
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 548
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................548
Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 551
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................552
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 553
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 553
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................554
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................554
Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................ 555
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................555
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................556
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................557
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 558
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................558
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 560
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 563
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 564
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 564
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................564
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................565
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 565
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................565
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 566
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................567
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 567
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 568
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................568
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 569
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 570
Contents
19
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................ 571
MSTP Sample Congurations.......................................................................................................................................571
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 572
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 575
31 Multicast Features....................................................................................................................................577
Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 577
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................577
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 578
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 578
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 585
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 586
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 586
Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 587
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................588
32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................594
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 594
Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595
Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 595
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................596
Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................597
VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................597
Object Tracking Conguration......................................................................................................................................597
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 597
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 598
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................600
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................603
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 605
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................605
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 605
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 606
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................ 607
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 607
Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................609
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................609
Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................610
OSPF with Dell Networking OS.....................................................................................................................................611
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 612
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................613
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................613
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.................................................................................................................... 613
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 614
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................614
20
Contents
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