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PowerSwitch Z9100-ON

Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

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Dell Networking OS Conguration Guide for the
Z9100–ON System
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41
Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42
Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 42
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................46
Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 48
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50
Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 53
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55
Contents
3
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................62
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................62
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................64
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................64
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................67
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70
Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................71
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................72
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................72
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 73
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 74
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................75
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 76
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 77
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................77
Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 78
4
Contents
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................79
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................79
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 79
5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90
Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................96
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................96
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................. 97
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 97
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................ 97
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 98
Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................99
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 100
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................101
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................102
CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................103
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................104
Congure ACL Range Proles...................................................................................................................................... 105
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 106
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................106
Conguring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................109
Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................110
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................. 111
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.............................................................................................................111
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 112
Contents
5
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 112
IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................112
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 113
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................114
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................115
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................115
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................116
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 118
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 119
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................120
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................120
Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................121
Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 121
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 122
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 122
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 126
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 126
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................130
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 132
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 134
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................134
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................135
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 136
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 136
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 139
Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 141
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 141
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................142
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................143
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................146
Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................153
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................155
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................162
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 165
6
Contents
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................165
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................167
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 167
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 169
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................169
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................170
BGP Attributes.................................................................................................................................................................171
Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................171
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................173
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................173
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................174
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................175
AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 176
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 176
Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 176
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................... 177
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 177
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................177
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 178
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................178
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 178
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 180
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).........................................................................................................181
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 181
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................182
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 182
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 183
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 186
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................188
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................190
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 192
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 192
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 193
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................194
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 195
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................195
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................197
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................198
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 199
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 199
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 200
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................201
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 202
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................203
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................203
Contents
7
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 204
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................205
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................205
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................205
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 207
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information..............................................................................................207
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................208
Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................209
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 209
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................210
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................212
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................212
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................213
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................215
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 215
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................216
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 216
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................217
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................218
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................219
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................219
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................226
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................226
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................228
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 228
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................229
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 230
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................230
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................230
Syslog Error When the Table is Full....................................................................................................................... 230
Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM.........................................................................................230
Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes....................................................230
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................230
Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 231
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 232
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 233
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 234
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 236
Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.......................................................................................................................... 237
Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..................................................................................................... 237
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 238
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................240
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 240
8
Contents
Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 241
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................242
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................243
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................244
Buer Organization in Z9100–ON......................................................................................................................... 244
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 246
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................247
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................247
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 248
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 249
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map...................................................................................................................................250
PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 250
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................251
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................251
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................252
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................252
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................252
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 253
Shared headroom for lossless or PFC packets.......................................................................................................... 253
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 254
Conguring Shared Head Room Buer................................................................................................................ 255
Viewing Shared Head Room Usage.......................................................................................................................255
Monitoring Buer Statistics for Tracking Purposes............................................................................................ 256
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................256
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................257
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................258
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................258
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 258
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................259
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................259
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................259
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 259
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 263
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 263
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 265
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266
Contents
9
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 278
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................278
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................279
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 281
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 282
DHCP Packet Format and Options..............................................................................................................................282
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................284
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................284
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 285
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................285
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 287
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution......................................................................................................287
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................ 287
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................287
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................288
Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 288
Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................288
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 289
Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................289
DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................291
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................291
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................292
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................292
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................293
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................296
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................297
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 298
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 299
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................299
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 300
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................300
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 301
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................301
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 302
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................302
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 302
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 302
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 303
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 303
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................304
10
Contents
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................304
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 304
Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................305
Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................ 306
Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes ........................................................................ 306
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................307
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 307
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 307
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................309
Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................311
FIP Snooping Prerequisites...................................................................................................................................... 311
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 311
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................312
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................313
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 313
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................313
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................313
Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 313
FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 314
Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................314
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................315
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................320
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................322
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................322
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................322
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 323
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................323
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 323
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................324
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................325
LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 325
LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 325
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 326
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................326
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................326
Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 326
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................326
Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................327
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................327
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................327
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 328
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 329
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 329
Contents
11
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 330
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 330
Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................331
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 332
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................333
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................333
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................333
Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 334
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................335
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................336
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................336
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................336
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................337
Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................337
Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 337
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 337
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................339
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 339
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 340
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................342
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................342
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 343
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 343
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 344
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................344
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................344
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 345
19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 346
IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 346
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................346
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................346
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 348
Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................351
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................351
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 352
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 352
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................352
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 353
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 353
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................354
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................354
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................354
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................354
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................355
12
Contents
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................355
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 355
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 356
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................356
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................357
Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................. 357
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................358
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 359
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 359
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac..................................................................................................................... 360
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)..................................................................................................... 361
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 361
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 362
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................363
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................364
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 364
20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 365
Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................365
Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................365
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................366
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................366
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................368
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................369
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................369
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................369
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................370
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................370
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................370
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................371
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 371
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 372
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................372
Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................372
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 373
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................373
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................373
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 374
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 375
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 375
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 375
Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 376
Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 376
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................376
Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................377
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................. 377
Contents
13
Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................377
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................378
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 379
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 380
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 380
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel........................................................................................................... 381
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 382
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................382
Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................382
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................383
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 384
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................384
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................384
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 386
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 386
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 386
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................387
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 388
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 388
Splitting 100G Ports...................................................................................................................................................... 389
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................389
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 390
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................390
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 391
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 392
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 393
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................393
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................394
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................394
CR4 Auto-Negotiation...................................................................................................................................................394
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 395
FEC Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 396
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................398
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 399
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 400
Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 401
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 401
Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges...................................................................................................................402
Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 402
21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 406
IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 407
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................407
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................407
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................407
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 408
14
Contents
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................409
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages...................................................................................410
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................ 410
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................410
Enabling Directed Broadcast..........................................................................................................................................411
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................. 411
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................411
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 412
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 412
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 413
Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................413
Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................413
Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................414
Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................414
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 414
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................ 415
ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................415
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................416
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 416
Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................416
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 416
UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................................417
Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................417
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 417
Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................417
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 417
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 418
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses..................................................................................................................418
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................................... 419
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................419
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................420
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 420
22 IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................................................421
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................421
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................422
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 422
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................422
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................423
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................424
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................426
Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................427
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 428
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................428
Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 428
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 429
Contents
15
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................429
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 429
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................430
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................................................431
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...............................................................................................................431
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 432
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................432
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 433
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................433
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................434
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................434
Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 434
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 435
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................436
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 437
Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 437
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 438
23 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................440
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 440
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................442
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................442
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................442
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 443
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................443
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................444
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 444
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................445
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 445
Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 445
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................447
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 449
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................449
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................449
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 450
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 450
Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 451
Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................451
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 451
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 451
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 451
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................452
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................453
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................460
Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................461
16
Contents
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................463
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................464
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................465
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 465
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 466
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................467
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................467
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 468
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................468
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................469
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 470
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................473
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................473
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................473
LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................474
Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................474
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 475
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................475
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 475
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................476
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 476
Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................477
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 477
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 479
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................479
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 479
26 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................488
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 488
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 488
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................488
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................489
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 489
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................489
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 490
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 490
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 490
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 491
mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 491
Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................491
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 492
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 492
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................493
NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 493
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................494
Contents
17
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 496
Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 497
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................498
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 499
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 499
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................500
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 502
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................502
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 502
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................503
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 503
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 505
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................505
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 508
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................508
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 509
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................509
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................509
Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................510
Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................510
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................510
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................510
Advertising TLVs..............................................................................................................................................................511
Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 512
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 512
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................513
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 514
Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 515
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................515
Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 516
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................521
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................521
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................521
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................522
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................522
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 522
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................522
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 523
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 524
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 524
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................525
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................526
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................526
18
Contents
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................526
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................530
Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................531
Viewing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 531
Limiting the Source-Active Cache..........................................................................................................................531
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................532
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 532
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................532
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................535
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................536
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................537
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................537
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................538
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................538
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................539
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................539
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................540
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 541
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................542
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 542
MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................544
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................547
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 547
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 548
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................548
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................548
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................549
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 549
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................549
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................550
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................ 551
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................552
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 552
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 552
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 554
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 555
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 555
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................556
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................556
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 560
31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 562
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................562
Contents
19
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 562
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................563
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................563
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................570
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 571
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................ 571
Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 572
mtrace Scenarios........................................................................................................................................................... 573
32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................579
Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................579
Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 580
Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 580
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................581
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 582
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 582
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 582
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 582
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 583
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................585
Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................588
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................590
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................590
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 590
Area Types.................................................................................................................................................................591
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................592
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 592
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 594
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................594
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................595
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................596
Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................597
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................598
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................598
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 598
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 599
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 599
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................600
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 600
Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 614
Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 615
Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................ 615
Assigning Area ID on an Interface...........................................................................................................................616
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally.........................................................................................616
Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF.......................................................................................617
20
Contents
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