Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

Dell Networking OS Conguration Guide for the

Z9100–ON System

9.11(2.0P1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 05

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 53

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55

Contents

3

4 Management................................................................................................................................................57

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60

Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................62

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................62

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................64

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................64

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................67

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70

Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................71

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................72

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................72

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 73

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 74

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................75

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 76

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 77

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................77

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 78

4

Contents

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................79

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................79

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 79

5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90

Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91

Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................96

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................96

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................ 97

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 98

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................99

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 100

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................101

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................102

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................103

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................104

Congure ACL Range Proles...................................................................................................................................... 105

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 106

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................106

Conguring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................109

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................110

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................. 111

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.............................................................................................................111

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 112

Contents

5

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 112

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................112

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 113

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................114

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................115

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................115

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................116

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 118

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 119

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................120

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................120

Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................121

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 121

Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 122

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 122

Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 126

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 126

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................130

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 132

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 134

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................134

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................135

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 136

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 136

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 139

Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 141

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 141

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................142

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................146

Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................153

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................155

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................162

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 165

6

Contents

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................165

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................167

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 167

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 169

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................169

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................170

BGP Attributes.................................................................................................................................................................171

Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................171

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................173

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................173

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................174

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................175

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 176

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 176

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 176

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................... 177

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 177

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................177

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 178

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................178

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 178

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 180

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).........................................................................................................181

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 181

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................182

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 182

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 183

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 186

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................188

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................190

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 192

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 192

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 193

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................194

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 195

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................195

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................197

Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................198

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 199

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 199

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 200

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................201

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 202

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................203

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................203

Contents

7

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 204

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................205

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................205

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................205

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 207

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information..............................................................................................207

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................208

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................209

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 209

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................210

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................212

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................212

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................213

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................215

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 215

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................216

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 216

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................217

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................218

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................219

Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................219

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................226

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................226

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................228

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 228

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................229

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 230

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................230

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................230

Syslog Error When the Table is Full....................................................................................................................... 230

Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM.........................................................................................230

Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes....................................................230

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................230

Conguring UFT Modes.......................................................................................................................................... 231

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 232

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 233

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 234

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 236

Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.......................................................................................................................... 237

Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..................................................................................................... 237

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 238

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................240

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 240

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................................... 241

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................242

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................243

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................244

Buer Organization in Z9100–ON......................................................................................................................... 244

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 246

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................247

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................247

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 248

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 249

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map...................................................................................................................................250

PFC Conguration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 250

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................251

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.....................................................................................................................................251

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................252

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................252

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................252

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 253

Shared headroom for lossless or PFC packets.......................................................................................................... 253

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 254

Conguring Shared Head Room Buer................................................................................................................ 255

Viewing Shared Head Room Usage.......................................................................................................................255

Monitoring Buer Statistics for Tracking Purposes............................................................................................ 256

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................256

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257

SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................257

Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................258

PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................258

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 258

Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................259

Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................259

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................259

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 259

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 263

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 263

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 265

Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266

Contents

9

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267

Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 278

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................278

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................279

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 281

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 282

DHCP Packet Format and Options..............................................................................................................................282

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................284

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................284

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 285

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................285

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 287

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution......................................................................................................287

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................ 287

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................287

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................288

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 288

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................288

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 289

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................289

DHCP Client on a Management Interface.............................................................................................................291

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................291

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................292

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................292

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................293

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................296

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................297

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 298

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 299

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................299

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 300

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................300

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................... 301

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................301

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 302

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................302

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 302

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 302

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 303

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 303

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................304

10

Contents

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................304

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 304

Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................305

Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................ 306

Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes ........................................................................ 306

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................307

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 307

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 307

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................309

Using FIP Snooping.........................................................................................................................................................311

FIP Snooping Prerequisites...................................................................................................................................... 311

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 311

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................312

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................313

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 313

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................313

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................313

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 313

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 314

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................314

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................315

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................320

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................322

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................322

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................322

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 323

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................323

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 323

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................324

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................325

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 325

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 325

BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 326

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................326

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................326

Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 326

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................326

Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................327

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................327

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................327

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 328

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 329

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 329

Contents

11

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 330

Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 330

Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................331

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 332

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................333

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................333

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................333

Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 334

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................335

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................336

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................336

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................336

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................337

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................337

Conguration Checks.............................................................................................................................................. 337

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 337

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................339

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 339

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 340

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................342

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................342

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 343

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 343

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 344

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................344

Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................344

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 345

19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 346

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 346

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 348

Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................351

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................351

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 352

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 352

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................352

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 353

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 353

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................354

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................354

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................354

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................354

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................355

12

Contents

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................355

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 355

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 356

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................356

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................357

Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................. 357

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................358

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 359

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 359

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac..................................................................................................................... 360

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)..................................................................................................... 361

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type..................................................................................... 361

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 362

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................363

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................364

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 364

20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 365

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................365

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................365

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................366

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................366

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................368

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................369

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................369

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................369

Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................370

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................370

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................370

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode....................................................................................................................371

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 371

Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 372

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................372

Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................372

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 373

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................373

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................373

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................. 374

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 375

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 375

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 375

Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 376

Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 376

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................376

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................377

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................. 377

Contents

13

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................377

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................378

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 379

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 380

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 380

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel........................................................................................................... 381

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 382

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................382

Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................382

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................383

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 384

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................384

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................384

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 386

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 386

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 386

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................387

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 388

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 388

Splitting 100G Ports...................................................................................................................................................... 389

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................389

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 390

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................390

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 391

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 392

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 393

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................393

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................394

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................394

CR4 Auto-Negotiation...................................................................................................................................................394

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 395

FEC Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 396

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................398

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 399

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 400

Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 401

Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 401

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges...................................................................................................................402

Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 402

21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 406

IP Addresses................................................................................................................................................................... 407

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................407

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................407

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................407

Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 408

14

Contents

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................409

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages...................................................................................410

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................ 410

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection.........................................................................................410

Enabling Directed Broadcast..........................................................................................................................................411

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................. 411

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names..............................................................................................................411

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 412

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 412

ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 413

Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................413

Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................413

Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................414

Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................414

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 414

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................ 415

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................415

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................416

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 416

Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................416

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 416

UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................................417

Congure UDP Helper..............................................................................................................................................417

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 417

Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................417

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 417

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 418

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses..................................................................................................................418

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses......................................................................................................... 419

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses...................................................................................................419

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................420

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 420

22 IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................................................421

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................421

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................422

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 422

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................422

Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................423

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................424

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................426

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................427

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 428

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................428

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 428

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 429

Contents

15

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................429

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 429

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................430

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information.......................................................................................................................431

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport...............................................................................................................431

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 432

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................432

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 433

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................433

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................434

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................434

Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 434

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 435

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................436

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 437

Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 437

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 438

23 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................440

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 440

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................442

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................442

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................442

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 443

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................443

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................444

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 444

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................445

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 445

Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 445

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................447

24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 449

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................449

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................449

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 450

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 450

Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 451

Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................451

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 451

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 451

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 451

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................452

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................453

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................460

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................461

16

Contents

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................463

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................464

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................465

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 465

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 466

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................467

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................467

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 468

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................468

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................469

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 470

25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................473

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................473

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................473

LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................474

Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................474

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 475

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................475

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 475

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................476

Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 476

Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................477

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 477

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 479

LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................479

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 479

26 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................488

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 488

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 488

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................488

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................489

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 489

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................489

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 490

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 490

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 490

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 491

mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 491

Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................491

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 492

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 492

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................493

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 493

Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................494

Contents

17

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 496

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................. 497

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................498

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 499

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 499

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................500

27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 502

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................502

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 502

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................503

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 503

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 505

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................505

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 508

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................508

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 509

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................509

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................509

Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................510

Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................510

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................510

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................510

Advertising TLVs..............................................................................................................................................................511

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 512

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 512

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................513

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 514

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 515

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................515

Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 516

28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................521

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................521

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................521

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................522

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................522

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 522

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................522

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 523

29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 524

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 524

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................525

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................526

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................526

18

Contents

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................526

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................530

Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................531

Viewing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 531

Limiting the Source-Active Cache..........................................................................................................................531

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................532

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 532

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................532

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................535

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................536

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................536

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................537

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................537

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................538

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................538

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................539

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................539

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................540

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 541

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................542

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 542

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................544

30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................547

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 547

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 548

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................548

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................548

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................549

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 549

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................549

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................550

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................ 551

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................552

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 552

Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 552

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 554

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 555

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 555

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................556

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................556

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 560

31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 562

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................562

Contents

19

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 562

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................563

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................563

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................570

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 571

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................ 571

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 572

mtrace Scenarios........................................................................................................................................................... 573

32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................579

Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................579

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 580

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 580

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................581

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 582

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 582

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 582

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 582

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 583

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................585

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................588

33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................590

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................590

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 590

Area Types.................................................................................................................................................................591

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................592

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 592

Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 594

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................594

Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................595

OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................596

Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................................597

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................598

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................598

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 598

OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 599

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 599

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................600

Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 600

Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 614

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 615

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................ 615

Assigning Area ID on an Interface...........................................................................................................................616

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally.........................................................................................616

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF.......................................................................................617

20

Contents

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