17
Table of Contents
2D/PD/PW Mode ..............................................................................................................................................................4-35
2D/C/CW Mode ................................................................................................................................................................. 4-35
2D/PD/CW Mode .............................................................................................................................................................. 4-35
2D/C/M Mode ...................................................................................................................................................................4-36
2D/C Live Mode ................................................................................................................................................................4-36
Dual Mode .................................................................................................................................................... 4-37
3D/4D Mode................................................................................................................................................. 4-38
3D Stand by ........................................................................................................................................................................4-39
3D View-MPR ......................................................................................................................................................................4-42
3D XI ......................................................................................................................................................................................4-58
Chapter 5 Measurements and Calculations
Measurement Accuracy ..............................................................................................................................5-3
Causes of Measurement Errors .....................................................................................................................................5-3
Optimization of Measurement Accuracy .................................................................................................................. 5-5
Measurement Accuracy Table ....................................................................................................................................... 5-7
Basic Measurements ....................................................................................................................................5-8
Distance Measurement ..................................................................................................................................................5-11
Measurement of Circumference and Area .............................................................................................................5-16
Volume Measurement ....................................................................................................................................................5-18
Calculations by Application .................................................................................................................. 5-21
Things to note .................................................................................................................................................................5-21
Common Measurement Methods ............................................................................................................................5-25
OB Calculations .................................................................................................................................................................5-30
Gynecology Calculations .............................................................................................................................................5-39
Cardiac Calculations ........................................................................................................................................................5-42
Carotid Calculations ........................................................................................................................................................5-55
LE Artery Calculations ....................................................................................................................................................5-61
UE Artery Calculations ...................................................................................................................................................5-63
LE Vein Calculation .........................................................................................................................................................5-65
UE Vein Calculations ........................................................................................................................................................5-67
Fetal Echo Calculations ..................................................................................................................................................5-69
Urology Calculations .......................................................................................................................................................5-73
Abdomen Calculations .................................................................................................................................................5-76
Small Parts Calculations ................................................................................................................................................5-79
TCD Calculations .............................................................................................................................................................5-84
Musculoskeletal Calculations ......................................................................................................................................5-86
Pediatric Hips Calculations ...........................................................................................................................................5-87