EMS EkoMini User manual

Operator’s Manual

EkoMini

TM

Repeater

2850 Colonnades Court

Norcross, GA 30071 U. S. A.

Tel: +1 770.582.0555

Fax: +1 770.729.0075

900-0801-017 Rev. B

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Disclaimer

Every attempt has been made to make this material complete, accurate, and up-to-date.

Users are cautioned, however, that EMS Wireless reserves the right to make changes

without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages, including consequential,

caused by reliance on the material presented, including, but not limited to, typographical,

arithmetical, or listing errors.

Copyright Information

EMS Wireless

Norcross, Georgia 30071 U. S. A.

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WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND GENERAL NOTES

This product conforms to FCC Part 15, Section 21. Changes or

modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for

compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for

a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These

limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial

environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio

frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the

instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio

communications. Operation of this equipment in any area that causes

harmful interference will require the user to correct the interference at

their own expense.

Safety Considerations

When installing or using this product, observe all safety precautions during

handling and operation. Failure to comply with the following general safety

precautions and with specific precautions described elsewhere in this

manual violates the safety standards of the design, manufacture, and

intended use of this product. EMS Wireless assumes no liability for the

customer's failure to comply with these precautions.

WARNING

WARNING Calls attention to a procedure or practice, which if ignored, may result

in damage to the system or system component. Do not perform any procedure

preceded by a WARNING until described conditions are fully understood and met.

If You Need Help

If you need additional copies of this manual, or have questions about

system options, or need help with installation and using of the system,

please contact the EMS Wireless Customer Support Department.

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2850 Colonnades Court

Norcross, GA 30071 USA

+1.770.582.0555 ext. 5310

cswireless@ems-t.com

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Service

Do not attempt to modify or service any part of this product other than in

accordance with procedures outlined in this Operator's Manual. If the

product does not meet its warranted specifications, or if a problem is

encountered that requires service, notify EMS Wireless’ customer support

department. Service will be rendered according the EMS Wireless’ warranty

and repair policy. The product shall not be returned without contacting EMS

Wireless and obtaining a return authorization number from the Customer

Support department

When returning a product for service, include the following information:

Owner, Model Number, Serial Number, Return Authorization Number

(obtained in advance from EMS Wireless Customer Support Department),

service required and/or a description of the problem encountered.

Warranty and Repair Policy

The EMS Wireless Quality Plan includes product test and inspection

operations to verify the quality and reliability of our products.

EMS Wireless uses every reasonable precaution to ensure that every device

meets published electrical, optical, and mechanical specifications prior to

shipment. Customers are asked to advise their incoming inspection,

assembly, and test personnel as to the precautions required in handling and

testing ESD sensitive opto-electronic components. Physical damage to the

external surfaces voids warranty.

These products are covered by the following warranties:

1. General Warranty

EMS Wireless warrants to the original purchaser all standard products

sold by EMS Wireless to be free of defects in material and

workmanship for the duration of the warranty period of one (1) year

from date of shipment from EMS Wireless. During the warranty period,

EMS Wireless’ obligation is limited to repair or replacement of any

product that EMS Wireless proves to be defective. This warranty does

not apply to any product which has been subject to alteration, abuse,

improper installation or application, accident, electrical or

environmental over-stress, negligence in use, storage, transportation

or handling.

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2. Specific Product Warranty Instructions

All EMS Wireless products are manufactured to high quality standards

and are warranted against defects in workmanship, materials and

construction, and to no further extent. Any claim for repair or

replacement of a device found to be defective on incoming inspection

by a customer must be made within 30 days of receipt of the shipment,

or within 30 days of discovery of a defect within the warranty period.

This warranty is the only warranty made by EMS Wireless and is in lieu

of all other warranties, expressed or implied, except as to title, and can

be amended only by a written instrument signed by an officer of EMS

Wireless. EMS Wireless customer support representatives are not

authorized to make commitments on warranty returns.

In the event that it is necessary to return any product against the

above warranty, the following procedure shall be followed:

a. Return authorization shall be received from the EMS Wireless

Customer Support prior to returning any device. Advise EMS

Wireless Customer Support of the model, serial number, and the

discrepancy. The device shall then be forwarded to EMS

Wireless, transportation prepaid. Devices returned freight collect

or without authorization may not be accepted.

b. Prior to repair, EMS Wireless Customer Support will advise the

customer of EMS Wireless test results and will advise the

customer of any charges for repair (usually for customer caused

problems or out-of-warranty conditions).

If returned devices meet full specifications and do not require

repair, or if non-warranty repairs are not authorized by the

customer, the device may be subject to a standard evaluation

charge. Customer approval for the repair and any associated

costs will be the authority to begin the repair at EMS Wireless.

Customer approval is also necessary for any removal of certain

parts, such as connectors, which may be necessary for EMS

Wireless testing or repair.

c. Repaired products are warranted for the balance of the original

warranty period, or at least 90 days from date of shipment.

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3. Limitations of Liabilities

EMS Wireless’ liability on any claim of any kind, including negligence,

for any loss or damage arising from, connected with, or resulting from

the purchase order, contract, or quotation, or from the performance or

breach thereof, or from the design, manufacture, sale, delivery,

installation, inspection, operation or use of any equipment covered by

or furnished under this contract, shall in no case exceed the purchase

price of the device which gives rise to the claim.

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, EMS WIRELESS MAKES

NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, WITH

RESPECT TO ANY GOODS, PARTS AND SERVICES PROVIDED IN

CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT INCLUDING, BUT NOT

LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. EMS WIRELESS SHALL

NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY OTHER DAMAGE INCLUDING, BUT NOT

LIMITED TO, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH FURNISHING OF GOODS,

PARTS AND SERVICE HEREUNDER, OR THE PERFORMANCE, USE

OF, OR INABILITY TO USE THE GOODS, PARTS AND SERVICE.

EMS Wireless test reports or data indicating mean-time-to-failure,

mean-time-between-failure, or other reliability data are design guides

and are not intended to imply that individual products or samples of

products will achieve the same results. These numbers are to be used

as management and engineering tools, and are not necessarily

indicative of expected field operation. These numbers assume a

mature design, good parts, and no degradation of reliability due to

manufacturing procedures and processes.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction

2.0 List of Options

3.0 Installation Guidelines

3.1 Unpacking

3.2 Additional Parts Needed for Installation

3.3 Pre-setting the Configuration Switches

3.3.1 Switches 1 and 2: Uplink Gain Offset

3.3.2 Switches 3 and 4: Bandpass Filter Position (800 MHz

Models), Band Selection (PCS Models)

3.3.2.1 800 MHz Cellular A Band Series (EkoMini 8-11

CA*-*)

3.3.2.2 800 MHz Cellular B Band Series (EkoMini 8-14

CB*-*)

3.3.2.3 EkoMini 1.9-15: 1900 MHz 15 MHz (Bands A, B,

or C) Model

3.3.2.4 EkoMini 1.9-5: 1900 MHz 5 MHz (Bands C, D, or E)

Model

3.3.3 Switch 5: CDMA Modulation

3.3.4 Switches 6, 7, and 8: Downlink Peak Power Limit

3.4 Installing the EkoMini

3.5 Installing the Donor and Server Antennas

3.6 Installing the Remote Alarming Telephone Cable (optional)

3.7 Initial Power-up

4.0 Remote Alarming and Detailed Software Commands

4.1 Remote Log-In

4.2 Remote Alarm Set-up

4.3 Alarm Codes

4.4 Alarm Code String Format

4.5 Turning on The Remote Alarming Function

4.6 Remote Alarming Set-Up Example

4.7 List of Remote Commands

4.8 List of “SET” Commands

4.9 “Keep Alive” Functionality

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4.10 Factory Default Software Settings

5.0 Technical Description

5.1 Power Control

5.2 Manually Reducing the Uplink Gain

5.3 Bandpass Filter Adjustments in 800 MHz Cellular Band

Models

5.3.1 EkoMini 800 MHz A Band Series

5.3.2 EkoMini 800 MHz B Band Series

5.4 CDMA Modulation Switch 5

5.5 Manually Reducing the Downlink Power Output Limit

5.6 800 MHz Extended Band EkoMini Models

6.0 Technical Specifications

6.1 EkoMini 8 (Cellular 800 MHz) Electrical Specifications

6.2 EkoMini 1.9 (PCS 1900 MHz) Electrical Specifications

6.3 EkoMini (8 Cellular and 1.9 PCS) Mechanical Specifications

7.0 Troubleshooting

Appendix A: HyperTerminal Configuration

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Simple EkoMini System Design

Figure 2: Cascaded Dual Band EkoMini System

Figure 3: EkoMini Repeater Illustration

Figure 4: EkoMini Configuration Switches

Figure 5: Control Channels in Zone 1 (834.500 – 835.000 MHz)

Figure 6: Control Channels in Zone 2 (835.000 – 835.500 MHz)

Figure 7: Do Not Apply Power with the Coaxial Connector Disconnected!

Figure 8: AC Power OK – Coaxial Cables are Connected

Figure 9: Log-In Screen

Figure 10: Cellular B Band Filter Switch Characteristics

Figure 11: Cellular A Band Filter Switch Characteristics

Figure A-1: HyperTerminal Connection Description

Figure A-2: HyperTerminal Screen for Modem Connection

Figure A-3: EkoMini Main Menu

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: EkoMini 8-11 CA*-* Bandpass Filter Configuration

Table 2: EkoMini 8-14 CB*-* Bandpass Filter Configuration

Table 3: EkoMini 1.9-15 Band Selection

Table 4: EkoMini 1.9-5 Band Selection

Table 5: CDMA Switch Configuration

Table 6: Alarm Codes

Table 7: Uplink Gain Offset Switch Positions

Table 8: Cellular B Band Bandpass Filter Switch Positions

Table 9: Cellular A Band Bandpass Filter Switch Positions

Table 10: Downlink Power Output Limit Switch Positions

Table 11: EkoMini 800 MHz Electrical Specifications

Table 12: EkoMini 1900 MHz Electrical Specifications

Table 13: EkoMini 800 and 1900 MHz Mechanical Specifications

Table 14: Troubleshooting Procedures

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1.0 Introduction

This small, powerful RF repeater will provide indoor coverage for approximately 5,000

to 75,000 square feet (500 to 7,000 sq. meters) of office building floor space. This

makes it ideal for small to medium size office buildings, retail stores, restaurants, etc.

The EkoMini

TM

supports all system protocols including CDMA, GSM, TDMA, AMPS,

etc., and is available in models that cover all licensed 1.9 GHz PCS bands A through

F, Cellular A, B, (and their extensions), ESMR 806-869 MHz and Cellular Full Band

(824 to 894 MHz).

Band selective filtering in both uplink and downlink signal paths is accomplished with

surface acoustic wave (SAW) filtering at an intermediate frequency (IF) to provide

maximum selectivity from out of band carriers. The same voltage controlled oscillator

(VCO) is used for up conversion as well as down conversion to eliminate frequency

shift.

The EkoMini

TM

features software controlled automatic set-up, a lightweight compact

enclosure, optional remote alarming, excellent electrical specifications, and high

reliability.

The EkoMini

TM

is a versatile “building block” that can be used in a variety of system

designs. The block diagram in Figure 1 shows a simple indoor system design.

Multiple units (cascaded or in parallel, including multi-band combinations) can be used

in larger buildings to expand coverage by placing different EkoMini repeaters at

strategic locations.

The system design in Figure 2 shows a much more sophisticated dual-band (Cellular

800 MHz/PCS 1900 MHz) cascaded system for coverage up to about 150,000 square

feet (14,000 sq. meters) for each band. This system could be used by a carrier with

licensed spectrum in both the 800 and 1900 MHz bands, and desires simultaneous

coverage with one indoor system. Separate donor antennas and repeaters are used

for each band. A directional coupler taps off a small portion of the signal from the first

pair of repeaters, and feeds the signal to the second pair of repeaters. Each pair of

repeaters provides coverage to separate areas of a large building. This system is

versatile, configurable, and quite inexpensive. Other similar systems may be designed

to accommodate other building layouts.

The EkoMini

TM

has 70 dB gain and +20 dBm composite RF output power. One to

approximately four server antennas may be connected in parallel with a coaxial power

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divider to distribute signal throughout a building. The server antennas are frequently

very small, particularly at PCS. Many of them mount directly to acoustic ceiling panels,

or are embedded directly into the panel so they are totally invisible to the building

occupants.

The EkoMini

TM

optional remote alarming feature allows a simple means of remotely

alarms from the unit, as well as monitoring basic performance parameters of the

repeater. This is done using any standard computer with a terminal program, and a

modem. The alarms generally indicate performance situations that require correction,

such as no downlink signal present at the repeater output (if, perhaps, the donor BTS

goes off the air).

Up to three digital pager numbers and paging PIN numbers can be programmed for

use in case an alarm is issued. The unit will send an alarm to the first number when an

alarm occurs. Each additional number and alarm, which has a programmed sequence,

will be sent after the programmed delay. The delay, which is set, is a time

measurement from initially sending the first telephone call and alarm.

A small external power supply is supplied, which plugs into any 100 – 240 VAC, 47 –

63 Hz outlet. Both the repeater and the power supply are totally convection cooled,

with no cooling fans. No user maintenance is required.

EkoMini

Repeater, 70 dB

Gain

Yagi Donor

Antenna, 15

dBi gain

-50 dBm

-48

dBm

-63 dBm Received Signal Level from

BTS

+20 dBm

Indoor

Server

Antenna, 0

dBi gain

+16 dBm

50 feet of 1/2" Coax

Cable (2 dB loss)

Building Interior

100 feet of 1/2"

Cable, 4 dB

Cable Loss

Figure 1: Simple EkoMini

TM

System Design

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-61 dBm free space

signal level @ 800 MHz

-61 dBm free space signal

level @ 1900 MHz

ANT-PC18513N Yagi

Antenna (PCS Donor), 15

dBi gain

ANT-PC8210N Yagi Antenna

(800 MHz Cellular Donor), 13

dBi gain

EkoMini

1x2

EkoMini

1x2

Non-Penetrating Roof

Mount

EkoMini 1.9 - 5 - *

EkoMini 8 - 11CA - *

ANT-SQ82183P Dual Band

Server Antennas, (4) Places, 3

dBi each band

-46 dBm

-48 dBm

100 ft. 1/2" Coax

(Typical)

-50 dBm

+20 dBm

+15.5 dBm

per band

Short (<3 ft.) 1/2"

Coax Jumpers

Short (<3 ft.) 1/2"

Coax Jumpers

Short (<3 ft.) 1/2"

Coax Jumpers

100 ft. 1/2" Coax,

(2) places, typical

100 ft. 1/2"

Coax, (2)

places typical

FIL-8FXR-D2-14N 2-way

Splitter, 5 places

CPL-CK-49N 30 dB

Directional Coupler

30 dB down

(branch arm)

+14.5 dBm

per band

20 dB Fixed

Attenuator

+13.5 dBm

per band

+9 dBm per

band

+7 dBm @ 800

MHz; +5 dBm @

1900 MHz

+10 dBm EIRP @ 800

MHz; +8 dBm EIRP @

1900 MHz

+10 dBm EIRP @ 800

MHz; +8 dBm EIRP @

1900 MHz

-16.5 dBm

per band

250 ft. 1/2" coax, 10

dB loss @ 1900 MHz,

5 dB loss @ 800 MHz

-46 dBm

@ 800

MHz

-51 dBm @

1900 MHz

+19 dBm

@ 1900

MHz

+20 dBm

@ 800

MHz

+15.5

dBm @

800 MHz;

14.5 dBm

@ 1900

MHz

+11 dBm

@ 800

MHz; +10

dBm @

1900 MHz

+9 dBm @ 800

MHz; +6 dBm @

1900 MHz

+12 dBm

EIRP @ 800

MHz; +9 dBm

EIRP @ 1900

MHz

+12 dBm EIRP @ 800

MHz; +9 dBm EIRP @

1900 MHz

EkoMini

1.9 - 5 - *

EkoMini 8 -

11CA - *

DC

Power

Supply

DC

Power

Supply

120 VAC 120 VAC

DC

Power

Supply

DC

Power

Supply

120 VAC 120 VAC

800 MHz Free Space

Loss @ 100 ft. = 61

dB + 8 dB wall

attenuation = 69 dB

1900 MHz Free Space

Loss @ 100 ft. = 68

dB + 8 dB wall

attenuation = 76 dB

RX Power Level = -59 dBm @ 800 MHz; -68 dBm @

1900 MHz

RX Power Level = -57 dBm @ 800 MHz; -67 dBm @

1900 MHz

Figure 2: Cascaded dual band EkoMini

TM

System

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2.0 List of Options

The only available option is the remote alarm modem and software.

3.0 Installation Guidelines

3.1 Unpacking:

Remove the EkoMini

TM

repeater and the external power supply from the box. If an

EkoMini repeater kit was purchased, donor and server antennas should have been

received in separate shipping containers.

3.2 Additional Parts Needed for Installation:

Since every installation is different, other parts may need to be provided by the

installer:

• Donor antenna, unless an EkoMini

TM

kit was purchased.

• Server antenna(s), unless an EkoMini

TM

kit was purchased.

• 50 ohm Coaxial power splitter, if more than one server antenna is needed.

• 50 ohm ½” flexible coaxial cable, plenum rated if required by building code.

• Type N male connectors (or DIN 7-16, depending on the antenna connector

option)

• Mounting hardware for the donor antenna

• Lightning surge suppressor

• Weatherproofing compound

• Other miscellaneous installation items

3.3 Pre-setting the Configuration Switches:

The EkoMini

TM

is shown in Figure 3. It has a set of eight configuration “DIP” switches

located under a small removable panel. See Figure 4. For many installations, these

switches are set properly at the factory. However, they can be verified or changed

using this procedure:

• Remove the small switch panel with a Phillips head screwdriver.

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• The switches are numbered 1 through 8, as shown in Figure 2 below. They can

be turned “on” or “off” using a small screwdriver or a bent paper clip. Note that

each switch is “off” when it is pushed “up” toward the repeater mounting flange.

• Position each of the eight switches as described below.

Model

Number

Sticker

Configuration

Switch Removable

Panel

Reset

Button

DC Power

Connector

Signal

Level LEDs

Telephone

Connector

Donor

Antenna

Connector

Power "ON" Indictor

(Green)

Alarm Indicator (Red)

Re-Rad (Server) Antenna

Port (rear panel)

Figure 3: EkoMini

TM

Repeater Illustration

Reset

Mounting Flange

OFF

ON

Rerad Connector

Donor Connector

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 4: EkoMini

TM

Configuration Switches

3.3.1 Switches 1 and 2: Uplink Gain Offset

Pre-set these switches to “off”. After initial power on tests, these switches can be

adjusted if necessary. See Section 5.2 for full details.

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3.3.2 Switches 3 and 4: Bandpass Filter Position (800 MHz Models), Band

Selection (1900 MHz Models)

The function of these switches depends on the frequency band of operation. Please

note that this section is a brief summary so these switches can be set quickly. Much

more detail about Switches 3 and 4 can be found in Section 5 of this manual.

Follow the guidelines in the chart below:

If Your Repeater Model is: Go to Section:

800 MHz Cellular A Band Series

(EkoMini 8-11-CA*-*)

3.3.2.1

800 MHz Cellular B Band Series

(EkoMini8-14CB*-*)

3.3.2.2

All other 800 MHz Models

(Cellular Full Band, SMR, Public

Safety Band, etc.)

Skip to Section 3.3.3

EkoMini 1.9 – 15: 1900 MHz 15

MHz

3.3.2.3

EkoMini 1.9 – 5: 1900 MHz 5

MHz

3.3.2.4

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3.3.2.1 800 MHz Cellular A Band Series (EkoMini 8-11 CA*-*):

See Table 1 and Figure 5 below.

Table 1: EkoMini 8-11 CA*-* Bandpass Filter Configuration

If the donor BTS uses control

channels:

Switch 3 Position Switch 4 Position

In AMPS channel 317 – 333 region

(Zone 1) (879.500 – 880.000 MHz)

On On

Other area(s) of the A Band spectrum Off Off

Other switch positions are possible for intermediate filter positions. See Section 5.3.2

for details.

Cellular Channel A (DL)

Cellular Channel B (DL)

Control Channel Zone 1:

879.500 - 880.000 MHz

AMPS Channel 317 - 333

Figure 5: Control Channels in Zone 1 (879.500 – 880.000 MHz)

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3.3.2.2 800 MHz Cellular B Band Series (EkoMini 8-14 CB*-*):

See Table 2 and Figure 6 below.

Table 2: EkoMini 8-14 CB*-* Bandpass Filter Configuration

If the donor BTS uses control

channels:

Switch 3 Position Switch 4 Position

In AMPS channel 334 – 350

region (Zone 2) (880.000 –

880.500 MHz)

On On

Other area(s) of the B Band

spectrum

Off Off

Other switch positions are possible for intermediate filter positions. See Section 5.3.1

for details.

Cellular Channel A (DL)

Cellular Channel B (DL)

Control Channel Zone 2:

880.000 - 880.500 MHz

AMPS Channel 334 - 350

Figure 6: Control Channels in Zone 2 (880.000 – 880.500 MHz)

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3.3.2.3 EkoMini 1.9 – 15: 1900 MHz 15 MHz Bandwidth (Bands A, B, or C) Model:

To properly set the PCS band, see Table 3 below.

Table 3: EkoMini 1.9-15 Band Selection

Band Selection Switch 3 Position Switch 4 Position

A On On

B On Off

C Off On

Error – Fault indicated

by the DC LED indicator

flashing green.

Off Off

3.3.2.4 EkoMini 1.9 – 5: 1900 MHz 5 MHz Bandwidth (Bands D, E, or F) Model:

To properly set the PCS band, see Table 4 below.

Table 4: EkoMini 1.9-5 Band Selection

Band Selection Switch 3 Position Switch 4 Position

D On On

E On Off

F Off On

Error – Fault indicated

by the DC LED indicator

flashing green.

Off Off

3.3.3 Switch 5: CDMA Modulation

A different calibration table is needed for CDMA operation. Turn on switch 5 for CDMA

use. See Section 5.4 for more detailed technical information.

Table 5: CDMA Switch Configuration

Modulation Switch 5 Position

CDMA On

All other Off

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3.3.4 Switch 6, 7, and 8: Downlink Peak Power Limit

For initial power-up, turn all these switches “off”. See Section 5.5 for full details.

This completes the configuration switch settings. Leave the cover off so adjustments

can be made later if needed.

3.4 Installing the EkoMini

TM

:

Note: Only qualified technicians should perform the installation. The user is cautioned

that modification or changes to this device not expressly approved by the party

responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment.

Note: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the

condition that this device does not cause harmful interference.

The EkoMini

TM

is designed for indoor use only. It should not be mounted outside.

• Determine the donor and server antenna(s) locations. Choose a location for the

EkoMini

TM

that will minimize coaxial cable lengths to these antennas, while

maintaining adequate isolation. Also, choose a protected area such as an

electrical or telephone room so the EkoMini

TM

will not be physically damaged.

The location must also be near a 100 - 240 VAC, 47 – 63 Hz outlet. See Figures

7 and 8 below – do not apply AC power without the coaxial cables and

antennas installed!

Figure 7: Do not apply power with the coaxial connectors disconnected!

Reset

Mounting Flange

Rerad Connector

Donor Connector

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EMS EkoMini User manual

EMS EkoMini User manual

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