Apple Motion 5 User manual

Motion 5

User Manual

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Welcome to Motion15Preface

About Motion15

About the Motion Documentation16

Additional Resources16

About Motion and Motion Graphics17Chapter 1

General Motion Graphics Tools17

Tools and Techniques Specific to the Motion Application18

About Motion Projects20

The Motion Interface23Chapter 2

Project Browser24

Workspace Overview25

File Browser26

Library32

Inspector41

Toolbar46

Timing Display53

Canvas55

Viewing the Canvas or Timing Pane on a Second Display80

Project Pane81

Timing Pane95

HUD118

Text Field Shortcut Menu121

User Interface Controls123Chapter 3

Toolbar Controls123

Slider Controls124

Coordinate Controls125

Dial126

Value Field127

Activation Checkbox127

Menus127

Source Well129

4

Contents

Color Controls129

Gradient Controls132

Generic Inspector Controls141

Rasterization Indicator142

Motion Menus145Chapter 4

Application Menu145

File Menu146

Edit Menu148

Mark Menu150

Object Menu152

Favorites Menu155

View Menu155

Share162

Window Menu163

Help Menu164

Preferences167Chapter 5

General Pane168

Appearance Pane170

Project Pane172

Time Pane174

Cache Pane175

Canvas Pane177

3D Pane179

Presets Pane181

Gestures Pane183

Creating and Managing Projects185Chapter 6

Creating Projects185

Managing Projects195

Adding Media to a Project206

Managing Layers in a Project209

Deleting Objects from a Project213

Exchanging Media in a Project214

Source Media Parameters215

File Types Supported by Motion219

Using Media in the Library227

Organizing Groups and Layers in Motion233

Customizing and Creating Templates247

Basic Compositing257Chapter 7

Compositing Workflow257

5Contents

Group and Layer Order259

Transforming Layers261

2D Transform Tools265

Adjusting Layer Properties in the Inspector282

Making Clone Layers287

Editing Opacity and Blending Parameters288

Drop Shadows311

Retiming313

Expose Commands317

Using the Timeline319Chapter 8

About the Timeline320

Timeline Layers List322

Adding Objects to the Timeline Layers List327

Adding Layers to the Track Area331

Editing Objects in the Timeline337

Working in the Ruler351

Adding Markers358

Mini-Timeline362

Using Behaviors365Chapter 9

Behavior Concepts365

Browsing for Behaviors369

Applying and Removing Behaviors370

Modifying Behaviors377

Working with Behaviors380

Changing the Timing of Behaviors385

Animating Behavior Parameters392

Saving and Sharing Custom Behaviors394

Basic Motion Behaviors397

Parameter Behaviors421

Retiming Behaviors446

Simulation Behaviors452

Additional Behaviors478

Using Rigs479Chapter 10

About Rigging and Widgets480

How Rigging Works480

Building a Rig481

Managing Parameter Snapshots489

Controlling Rigs from Parameter Animation Menus493

Animating Widgets495

Using Rigs in Motion495

6 Contents

Publishing Rigs497

Creating Templates for Final Cut Pro X499Chapter 11

About Templates500

Creating an Effect for Final Cut Pro X507

Modifying a Final Cut Pro X Effect in Motion509

Example: Modifying the Bokeh Random Effect510

Advanced Example: Creating an SLR Effect Template Using Rigging514

Creating a Title for Final Cut Pro X527

Modifying a Final Cut Pro X Title in Motion530

Creating a Transition for Final Cut Pro X531

Modifying a Final Cut Pro X Transition in Motion534

Example: Creating a Prism Blur Transition535

Creating a Generator for Final Cut Pro X538

Modifying a Final Cut Pro X Generator in Motion540

Publishing a Standard Motion Project as a Final Cut Pro X Template541

Using Media in Template Placeholders541

Publishing Parameters in Templates543

Animation and Timing in Templates551

Working with Markers in Templates554

Template Resolution559

Using Masks in Templates559

Template Files and Media Save Location560

Adding Multiple Display Aspect Ratios to a Template562

Tips for Creating Templates564

Keyframes and Curves567Chapter 12

Keyframing in Motion568

Keyframing Methods572

Applying Movement to an Object in the Canvas575

Animating Using the Inspector582

Animating Filters588

Animating Behaviors590

Combining Behaviors and Keyframes591

Working with Keyframes in the Timeline592

Animating in the Keyframe Editor595

Filtering the Parameter List603

Modifying Keyframes608

Modifying Curves619

Mini-Curve Editor629

Animating on the Fly631

Keyframe Thinning633

7Contents

Keying637Chapter 13

About Keying637

Using the Keyer Filter638

Using the Luma Keyer Filter659

Keying Refinement Filters664

Working with Particles667Chapter 14

About Particle Systems668

Anatomy of a Particle System669

Using Particle Systems671

Creating Graphics and Animations for Particle Systems688

The Difference Between Emitter and Particle Cell Parameters690

Emitter and Cell Parameters694

Animating Objects in Particle Systems716

Viewing Animated Emitter Curves in the Keyframe Editor720

Using Masks with Particle Systems721

Applying Filters to Particle Systems722

Particle System Examples722

Saving Custom Particle Effects to the Library731

Using the Replicator733Chapter 15

Replicator Concepts734

Anatomy of a Replicator735

Getting Started with the Replicator739

Basic Replicator Parameters in the HUD744

Replicators and the Properties Inspector748

Using the Replicator Onscreen Controls752

Advanced Replicator Controls755

Using Image and Geometry Objects782

Using Replicators in 3D Space784

Applying Masks to Replicators786

Animating Replicator Parameters787

Using the Sequence Replicator Behavior788

Using Behaviors with Replicators802

Applying Filters to Replicators804

Saving Custom Replicators to the Library805

Creating and Editing Text807Chapter 16

About Text in Motion808

Setting Motion Preferences for Text808

Adding Text809

Using Text Tools821

8 Contents

About Fonts822

Editing Text in the Inspector825

Editing Text Format828

Finding and Replacing Text829

Text Controls in the Format Pane830

Basic Formatting Controls830

Text Format-Related Tasks833

Editing Text Style835

Text Controls in the Style Pane836

Text Style-Related Tasks844

Using and Creating Preset Text Styles861

Editing Text Layout865

Text Controls in the Layout Pane866

Text Layout-Related Tasks878

Text Margin and Tab-Related Tasks886

Working with Text Glyphs888

Adding Behaviors and Filters to Text894

Using the Text HUD895

Animating Text899Chapter 17

Text Animation and Text Sequence Behaviors900

Sequence Text Behavior902

Scroll Text Behavior924

Text Tracking Behavior927

Type On Behavior928

Preset Text Sequence Behaviors929

Saving a Modified Text Behavior to the Library935

Using Other Behaviors with Text936

Using Behaviors to Animate Text in 3D938

Animating Text with Keyframes939

Animating with the Transform Glyph tool939

Working with Generators941Chapter 18

About Generators941

Adding a Generator942

Modifying Generators943

Generator Parameters953

Text Generators976

Using Filters985Chapter 19

About Filters986

Browsing and Previewing Filters987

Applying and Removing Filters988

9Contents

Adjusting Filters990

Keyframing Filter Parameters1003

Applying Behaviors to Filter Parameters1006

Publishing Filter Parameters and Onscreen Controls1007

Blur Filters1008

Border Filters1020

Color Correction Filters1023

Distortion Filters1043

Glow Filters1068

Sharpen Filters1074

Stylize Filters1076

Tiling Filters1099

Time Filters1106

Video Filters1108

Using Shapes, Masks, and Paint Strokes1111Chapter 20

About Shapes, Masks, and Paint Strokes1112

The Difference Between Shapes, Paint Strokes, and Masks1113

Shape and Mask Drawing Tools1114

Editing Shapes1121

Adding Shapes from the Library1147

Copying Styles Between Shapes1147

Shape Parameters1148

Shape Controls in the HUD1169

Creating Illustrations Using Multiple Shapes1170

Creating Holes and Transparency in Shapes1172

Applying Filters to Shapes1173

Animating Shapes1174

Shape Behaviors1174

Keyframing Shape Animation1190

Saving Shapes and Shape Styles1192

Using Masks to Create Transparency1196

Mask Parameters1212

Applying Image Masks to a Layer1216

Image Mask Parameters1219

Using Masks to Aid Keying Effects1220

Converting Between Shapes and Masks1224

Manipulating Alpha Channels Using Filters1226

3D Compositing1229Chapter 21

Real-World Coordinates1229

3D Transform Tools1231

3D Workspace and Views1242

10 Contents

2D and 3D Group Intersection1250

Cameras1254

Lighting1267

Shadows1274

Reflections1284

Motion Tracking1289Chapter 22

About Motion Tracking1290

How a Tracker Works1291

Motion Tracking Behaviors1292

Shape Track Points Behavior1294

Track Behavior1294

General Motion Tracking Workflow1295

Match Move Workflows1298

Using a Non-Match Move Four-Point Track for Corner-Pinning1310

Stabilize Workflow1312

Unstabilize Workflow1315

Track Points Workflow1316

Track Parameter Workflow1320

Adjusting the Onscreen Trackers1321

Strategies for Better Tracking1324

Tracking Behavior Parameters1341

Working with Audio1363Chapter 23

About Audio in Motion1363

Audio Files in Motion Projects1364

Working with Audio Tracks1372

Keyframing Level and Pan Changes1378

Crossfading Audio Tracks1379

Syncing Audio and Video Tracks1379

Retiming Audio1379

Using Markers with Audio1382

Audio Behaviors1382

Audio Parameter Behavior1384

Sharing Motion Projects1389Chapter 24

Share Menu1389

Render Options for Sharing1390

Sharing to Apple Devices1391

Sharing to Disc or Creating a Disk Image1393

Sharing to Podcast Producer and Email1396

Sharing to Video Sharing Sites1398

Exporting QuickTime, Audio, and Image Sequence Media1402

11Contents

Exporting Frames1405

Exporting for HTTP Live Streaming1406

Exporting Using Compressor1407

Background Rendering1408

About Share Monitor1408

About Rasterization1411Appendix A

Groups and Rasterization1411

Text and Rasterization1414

Shapes and Rasterization1415

Particles, Replicators, and Rasterization1415

Filters and Rasterization1418

Shadows and Rasterization1420

Video and File Formats1421Appendix B

Supported File Formats1421

Popular Video Codecs for File Exchange1423

Field Order1425

Using Square or Nonsquare Pixels When Creating Graphics1426

Differences in Color Between Computer and Video Graphics1428

Using Fonts and Creating Line Art for Video1429

Scaling Imported High-Resolution Graphics1429

Creating Graphics for HD Projects1430

Creating Graphics for 2K and 4K Projects1430

Keyboard Shortcuts1431Appendix C

Enabling Function Keys on Portable Macintosh Computers1432

General Interface Commands1432

Motion Menu1434

File Menu1434

Edit Menu1435

Mark Menu1436

Object Menu1437

View Menu1438

Share Menu1440

Window Menu1441

Help Menu1441

Audio list1442

Tools1442

Transport Controls1448

View Options1448

Miscellaneous1450

HUD1450

12 Contents

File Browser1451

Inspector1451

Keyframe Editor1451

Layers1452

Library1453

Media List1453

Timeline Editing and Navigating1453

Keyframing Commands1455

Shape and Mask Commands1456

Toolbar1456

3D Commands1457

Using the Command Editor1458

Using Gestures1465Appendix D

Configuring Gesture Setup1465

Wacom Settings1467

Using Gestures1468

13Contents

Motion is a behavior-driven motion graphics application that allows you to create stunning

imaging effects for a wide variety of broadcast, video, and film projects.

This preface covers the following:

• About Motion (p. 15)

• About the Motion Documentation (p. 16)

• Additional Resources (p. 16)

About Motion

Motion lets you create sophisticated moving images and other visual effects on the fly

and in real time. Simply drag one of Motion’s built-in behaviors (such as Spin or Throw)

or filters (such as Glow or Strobe) onto an object in the Canvas and watch your composition

spring to life—twirling, zipping across the screen, pulsing with luminescence, or any of

hundreds of other effects.

You can also animate the traditional way, using keyframes, but Motion behaviors give

you instant feedback, so you can sit with your clients, art directors, or friends and

interactively design a motion graphics project on your desktop. You want a title to fade

in, do a little shimmy, and then slide out of view? Click Play, then drag the Fade, Random

Motion, and Gravity behaviors onto the title in the Canvas—no preview rendering time

is necessary.

Whether you need simple text effects like lower-thirds and credit rolls, a complex 3D

motion graphics project for a show intro or television commercial, or more advanced

image manipulation techniques to stabilize footage or composite green screen effects,

Motion has a flexible tool set to meet your motion graphics needs.

If you use Final Cut Pro X, you can modify the Final Cut Pro preset titles, effects, and

transitions in Motion. Additionally, you can use Motion to create original presets for use

in Final Cut Pro, specifying which, if any, controls are exposed when the preset is applied

in Final Cut Pro. When saved, these presets appear in the Final Cut Pro media browsers.

15

Welcome to Motion

Preface

A powerful tool in Motion called rigging lets you map multiple parameters to a single

control—for example, a slider that simultaneously manipulates size, color, and rotation

of text. Rigs are useful in Motion-designed Final Cut Pro templates: In addition to

simplifying the workflow in template modification, rigging can be used to limit changes,

ensuring that junior compositors and others in the production pipeline adhere to

established specs.

About the Motion Documentation

The Motion 5 User Manual (this document) contains detailed information about the Motion

interface, commands, and menus and gives step-by-step instructions for creating Motion

projects and for accomplishing specific tasks. It is written for users of all levels of

experience.

Additional Resources

Along with the documentation that comes with Motion, there are a variety of resources

to find out more about the application.

Motion Website

For general information and updates as well as the latest news about Motion, go to:

• http://www.apple.com/finalcutpro/motion

Apple Service and Support Websites

For software updates and answers to the most frequently asked questions for all Apple

products, go to the general Apple Support webpage:

• http://www.apple.com/support

For software updates, documentation, discussion forums, and answers to the most

frequently asked questions for Motion, go to:

• http://www.apple.com/support/motion

To get more information on third-party tools, resources, and user groups, go to:

• http://www.apple.com/finalcutpro/resources

To provide comments and feedback about Motion, go to:

• http://www.apple.com/feedback/motion.html

16 Preface Welcome to Motion

Motion graphics are a type of visual effects work most commonly associated with title

sequences and show openers, bumpers and interstitials, and interface design such as

DVD menus. Motion graphics are also frequently used in technical settings for simulations

of moving systems such as traffic patterns or scientific models.

Sophisticated motion graphics artists often combine traditional layout and design

techniques with tools borrowed from special effects work such as keying, masking,

compositing, and particle systems to create dynamic moving designs.

This chapter covers the following:

• General Motion Graphics Tools (p. 17)

• Tools and Techniques Specific to the Motion Application (p. 18)

• About Motion Projects (p. 20)

General Motion Graphics Tools

The tools commonly used for motion graphics fall into several categories.

Design Tools

Graphic designers have long used software to facilitate their work. Motion has incorporated

many of the most valuable features commonly found in layout and design applications,

including guides, alignment aids, and direct manipulation tools for positioning,

transforming, and distorting images. Motion also contains some of the most flexible and

sophisticated tools for creating and handling text elements. This is important because

text is such a critical component of motion graphics design.

Timing Tools

The principal difference between traditional design and motion graphics design is that

motion graphics design is time-based. Motion graphics artists are concerned with creating

a well-composed and readable layout that can be manipulated over time. Motion provides

a Timeline that contains tools usually found in video editing applications, including tools

for setting markers, trimming, slipping, and snapping—enabling you to compose and

precisely hone the temporal aspects of a kinetic project.

17

About Motion and Motion

Graphics

1

Motion also supports audio files, and includes tools for basic audio mixing, enabling you

to create a soundtrack for your project and make timing decisions based upon the interplay

of audio and visual elements. You can animate images, filters, behaviors, and other

elements to create elegant and precise compositions. Furthermore, you can retime your

footage using optical-flow technology to create special effects such as stutter and flash

frames.

2D and 3D Compositing Tools

Any time you have more than one image layer onscreen, you must employ some version

of compositing to combine the elements. This might mean moving image layers onscreen

so they don’t overlap, adjusting the layers’ opacities so they are partly visible, or

incorporating blend modes that mix the overlapping images in various ways. Compositing

is fundamental to motion graphics work. Fortunately, Motion makes it easier than ever

before, allowing you to control layer order, lock and group layers, and apply more than

25 different blending options to create unique effects.

You can also mix 2D and 3D groups in a single project, combining basic compositing

techniques with complex 3D animations.

Special Effects Tools

You can further enhance your motion graphics projects by employing many of the same

tools used in movies to combine dinosaurs with live actors, sink luxury liners in the ocean,

or create space battles. Motion elegantly handles many special effects techniques,

including keying (to isolate an object shot against a solid-colored background), masking

(to hide wires or other objects that should not be seen in the final image), keyframing

(to animate onscreen objects), and particle systems (to simulate natural phenomena such

as smoke, fire, and water).

Tools and Techniques Specific to the Motion Application

Motion takes a fresh approach to the art of kinetic graphics creation, incorporating the

latest in software design and powerful Apple hardware. Although it includes all the tools

and techniques that artists rely on, Motion introduces a number of powerful features that

accomplish key tasks with an ease and elegance previously unheard of in motion graphics.

Additionally, Motion offers other unique features.

Behaviors

A set of robust tools called behaviors simplify the convoluted workflows traditionally

required to create animations and physics simulations. Unlike keyframes, behaviors are

interactive in real time, enabling you to adjust multiple parameters while you watch the

animation or simulation play back onscreen. There are special behaviors for video retiming,

motion tracking, smoothing shaky camera footage, keying, text animation, camera

movement, and audio effects.

18 Chapter 1 About Motion and Motion Graphics

Replicator

Another tool unique to Motion, the replicator, creates customizable, kaleidoscopic patterns

from copies of an image layer, yielding intricate, dazzling design effects that would take

hours to build in other applications.

Rigging

A powerful new tool in Motion called rigging lets you manipulate multiple attributes in

a composition with a single master control.

Final Cut Pro X Templates

Motion also lets you create effects, title, and transition templates for use in Final Cut Pro X,

and when you publish the templates, you can include rigs, simplifying the task of

parameter adjustment in Final Cut Pro.

Heads-Up Display (HUD)

A special floating window called the heads-up display (HUD), provides at-a-glance access

to your most frequently used parameter controls. The HUD changes dynamically,

depending on what is selected in your project. The HUD also provides access to unique

visual controls for some of the behaviors.

Real-Time Feedback

With the right hardware configuration, most effects in Motion can be viewed in real time.

This means that you can watch how the various elements of your composition interact

as you modify them. Rather than making a set of assumptions and then waiting to see

how they turn out, you can immediately see how your ideas work, then make adjustments

on the fly.

Input Devices

If you have a two- or three-button mouse connected to your computer, you can right-click

to access the same controls specified by the Control-click commands in the user

documentation. If you are working on a MacBook or MacBook Pro, some keyboard

shortcuts require you to use the Function key (Fn—next to the Control key) in conjunction

with the keys specified in the user documentation. For more information about keyboard

shortcuts in Motion, see Keyboard Shortcuts.

If you have a Multi-Touch device, such as a Magic Mouse or trackpad, you can use various

gestures for interface navigation, scrolling, frame scrubbing, and zooming. You can also

use gestures to change the size of icons in the File Browser and Library. These gestures

are discussed in their relative sections of the documentation.

19Chapter 1 About Motion and Motion Graphics

About Motion Projects

In Motion, you create 2D or 3D motion graphics and compositing projects with imported

images (such as Adobe Photoshop or Illustrator files), image sequences, QuickTime movies,

and audio files, as well as with objects created in Motion. These objects include text,

masks, shapes, particles, paint strokes, and so on.

A Motion project is made up of groups that contain layers. All media imported into Motion,

or elements created within a project (such as shapes or particles), are referred to as layers.

A layer must live in a group. The group acts as a “parent” to its layers. You can select

multiple layers in a group to create a nested group. A group can be 2D or 3D. For more

information on layer and group basics, see Transforming Layers.

Any item in Motion can be referred to as an object, but an item that you can see in the

Canvas, such as an image, shape, or text, is generally referred to as a layer. A camera,

light, rig, filter, behavior, and so on is generally referred to as an object.

Cameras and lights can be added to projects. When you add a camera to a project, you

can switch the project to 3D mode or to remain in 2D mode (unless the project is empty

or completely 2D, in which case it is switched to 3D mode). 2D groups can exist in a 3D

project. A 2D group can be nested in a 3D group. A 3D group can be nested in a 2D

group. When a 3D group is nested in a 2D group, the group is flattened. This means that

the nested 3D group acts like a flat card and ignores the camera. In addition, the flattened

group does not intersect with layers of the 2D group or other groups in the project. For

more information on working in 3D, see 3D Compositing.

Any transforms, filters, or behaviors applied to a group are applied to all layers in the

group. If you move or apply a filter or behavior to a group, all layers in that group are

affected. You can also apply filters and behaviors to individual layers in a group.

A filter is a process that changes the appearance of an image. For example, a blur filter

takes an input image and outputs a blurred version of that image. For more information

on using filters, see Using Filters.

A behavior is a process that applies a value range to an object’s parameters, creating an

animation based on the affected parameters. For example, the Spin behavior rotates an

object over time at a rate that you specify. For more information on using behaviors, see

Using Behaviors.

Groups and layers can be moved and animated by using behaviors or by setting keyframes.

For information about keyframing, see Keyframes and Curves. Filters can also be animated.

20 Chapter 1 About Motion and Motion Graphics

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