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Networking Z9500

Dell Networking Z9500 Administrator Guide

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Dell Networking Conguration Guide for the
Z9500 Switch
9.11(2.1P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 06
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................33
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................33
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................33
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 33
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 34
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................34
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................34
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 36
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 39
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 39
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................40
Entering and Editing Commands................................................................................................................................... 40
Command History.............................................................................................................................................................41
Filtering show Command Outputs..................................................................................................................................41
Example of the grep Keyword...................................................................................................................................41
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 46
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 46
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................46
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47
Congure a Management Route.............................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 47
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................48
Managing the File System........................................................................................................................................ 48
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Save the Running-Conguration............................................................................................................................. 50
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 50
Using HTTP for File Transfers..................................................................................................................................50
View Conguration Files............................................................................................................................................ 51
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option.......................................................................... 51
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 52
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 52
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................52
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 54
Contents
3
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................54
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................55
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 55
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 55
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................55
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes....................................................................................................................... 55
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 57
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 57
Conguring Logging.........................................................................................................................................................57
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 58
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................60
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server............................................................................................ 60
Track Login Activity.......................................................................................................................................................... 61
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity................................................................................................................... 61
Conguring Login Activity Tracking..........................................................................................................................61
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................62
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................63
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................ 63
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................64
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 64
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 65
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................65
Conguration Task List for System Log Management..........................................................................................65
Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................65
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................66
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................66
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................66
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................67
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................68
Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................69
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages....................................................................................................................69
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................70
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................70
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 70
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................70
Conguring FTP Client Parameters..........................................................................................................................71
Terminal Lines....................................................................................................................................................................71
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 72
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 73
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................74
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 74
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 75
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................75
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the Z9000 System................................................................................ 76
Ignoring the Startup Conguration and Booting from the Factory-Default Conguration..................................... 77
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the Z9000 System................................................................................................77
Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................78
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................78
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 78
5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84
Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90
Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91
Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94
6 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................ 96
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).......................................................................................................................................97
CAM Usage.................................................................................................................................................................97
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS........................................................................................................... 98
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 100
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................100
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples.................................................................................................................................. 100
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................101
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 102
Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 103
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................103
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................ 104
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs........................................................................................................................... 105
Using ACL VLAN Groups...............................................................................................................................................106
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups..................................................................................................... 106
Conguring an ACL VLAN Group...........................................................................................................................106
Allocating ACL VLAN CAM..................................................................................................................................... 107
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................108
Congure Ingress ACLs........................................................................................................................................... 108
Congure Egress ACLs............................................................................................................................................109
Contents
5
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).....................................................................................................110
Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 110
IP Prex Lists....................................................................................................................................................................111
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................111
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists....................................................................................................................111
ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................115
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List....................................................................................................................... 115
Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................116
Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 117
Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 117
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................. 117
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................119
Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 120
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................121
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................122
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................122
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 126
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................126
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................127
7 Bare Metal Provisioning (BMP).................................................................................................................. 128
Support for BMP on the S6000 Switch......................................................................................................................128
Enhanced Behavior of the stop bmp Command........................................................................................................ 128
Removal of the Deprecated User-Dened String Parameter with reload-type Command................................... 128
Service Tag Information in the Option 60 String........................................................................................................ 128
Replacement of stop jump-start Command With the stop bmp Command...........................................................128
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 129
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 129
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................130
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................. 131
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 132
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................134
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 134
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 134
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................135
Congure BFD for OSPF......................................................................................................................................... 137
Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................141
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 147
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................153
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 156
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................157
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 157
6
Contents
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 159
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................159
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................160
BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................ 161
Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................161
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................163
Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................163
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................164
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................165
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................166
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 166
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................166
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................167
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 167
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................167
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 168
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................168
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 168
AS Number Migration...............................................................................................................................................170
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).........................................................................................................171
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 171
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................172
BGP Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................172
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 173
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 176
Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 178
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................180
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 182
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 182
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 183
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................184
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 185
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................186
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................187
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 188
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 188
Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................189
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................190
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute..............................................................................................................191
Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 192
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 193
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............. 193
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................194
Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................194
Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................195
Contents
7
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 196
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information...............................................................................................197
Conguring BGP Route Reectors.........................................................................................................................197
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................198
Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................198
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................199
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................201
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration.....................................................................................................202
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................203
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 204
Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 204
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 205
BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................205
Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 206
Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................206
Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 207
PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 208
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................209
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 215
CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 215
Test CAM Usage.............................................................................................................................................................217
View CAM-ACL Settings............................................................................................................................................... 217
View CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................218
Return to the Default CAM Conguration.................................................................................................................. 219
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 219
Applications for CAM Proling......................................................................................................................................219
LAG HashingLAG Hashing Based on Bidirectional Flow......................................................................................219
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................220
Conguring UFT Modes......................................................................................................................................... 220
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 222
Z9500 CoPP Implementation.......................................................................................................................................223
Protocol-based Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................224
Queue-based Control Plane Policing.....................................................................................................................224
CoPP Example............................................................................................................................................................... 225
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 226
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 226
Examples of Conguring CoPP for Protocols...................................................................................................... 229
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 230
Examples of Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.................................................................................................231
Displaying CoPP Conguration ..............................................................................................................................231
Troubleshooting CoPP Operation................................................................................................................................ 234
Enabling CPU Trac Statistics.............................................................................................................................. 234
Viewing CPU Trac Statistics............................................................................................................................... 234
Troubleshooting CPU Packet Loss........................................................................................................................ 235
8
Contents
Viewing Per-Protocol CoPP Counters...................................................................................................................237
Viewing Per-Queue CoPP Counters..................................................................................................................... 239
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................................................................241
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................242
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 243
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................244
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................245
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................245
Priority-Based Flow Control......................................................................................................................................... 245
Enhanced Transmission Selection................................................................................................................................246
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).....................................................................................................247
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 248
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................248
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................249
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 249
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 250
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................251
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................ 251
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................252
Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 253
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................253
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................254
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 255
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................255
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 256
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................256
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................257
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................257
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................258
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................258
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................258
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................259
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 259
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................259
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 260
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 260
ETS Operation with DCBx.......................................................................................................................................261
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................. 261
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262
Applying the DCB Policies on Linecard....................................................................................................................... 263
Applying DCB Policies on SFM Ports..........................................................................................................................263
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264
Contents
9
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 266
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................268
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 278
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................278
Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................280
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples............................................................................................... 281
13 Debugging and Diagnostics...................................................................................................................... 282
Oine Diagnostics.........................................................................................................................................................282
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................282
Running Oine Diagnostics....................................................................................................................................282
Examples of Running Oine Diagnostics..............................................................................................................291
TRACE Logs................................................................................................................................................................... 298
Auto Save on Crash or Rollover.............................................................................................................................298
Last Restart Reason......................................................................................................................................................298
show hardware Commands..........................................................................................................................................298
Environmental Monitoring............................................................................................................................................. 301
Display Power Supply Status.................................................................................................................................. 301
Display Fan Status................................................................................................................................................... 302
Display Transceiver Type......................................................................................................................................... 302
Recognize an Over-Temperature Condition..........................................................................................................304
Troubleshoot an Over-Temperature Condition..................................................................................................... 305
Troubleshooting Packet Loss....................................................................................................................................... 306
Displaying Drop Counters....................................................................................................................................... 306
Displaying Dataplane Statistics.............................................................................................................................. 309
Displaying Line Card Counters................................................................................................................................ 310
Accessing Application Core Dumps...............................................................................................................................311
Mini Core Dumps............................................................................................................................................................ 312
Full Kernel Core Dumps..................................................................................................................................................312
Enabling TCP Dumps..................................................................................................................................................... 312
14 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................314
DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 314
Assign an IP Address using DHCP................................................................................................................................316
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 316
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server...............................................................................................................317
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation...................................................................................317
Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................319
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 319
Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................319
10
Contents
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 319
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................320
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................320
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 320
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................. 321
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 323
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................323
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................323
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 324
Option 82.................................................................................................................................................................. 324
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................325
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................328
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................329
Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................329
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 330
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................. 331
Enabling IP Source Address Validation...................................................................................................................331
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 332
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................332
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................333
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 333
15 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 334
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity..................................................................................................................................... 334
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 334
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 334
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 335
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................335
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................336
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................336
RTAG7............................................................................................................................................................................. 337
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 338
ECMP Support in L3 Host and LPM Tables................................................................................................................341
16 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................342
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 342
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................ 342
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 344
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 346
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................346
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 346
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................ 347
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................347
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 348
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................348
Contents
11
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 348
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 349
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................349
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 350
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................351
17 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................355
Conguration Tasks.......................................................................................................................................................355
Preparing the System................................................................................................................................................... 355
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................356
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................356
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 356
Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 359
18 Flex Hash................................................................................................................................................. 360
Flex Hash Capability Overview.................................................................................................................................... 360
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................360
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................ 361
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 362
19 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 363
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 363
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 364
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 364
Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................365
Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................366
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................367
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................367
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................367
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................368
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 369
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................370
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 370
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 370
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................370
Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 371
Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................371
Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................371
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................372
Example Scenario.....................................................................................................................................................373
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................374
20 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 375
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................375
Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................376
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 376
12
Contents
Enabling GVRP Globally.................................................................................................................................................377
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................ 377
Congure GVRP Registration.......................................................................................................................................377
Congure a GARP Timer...............................................................................................................................................378
21 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)..........................................................................................379
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................379
IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 379
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 379
IGMP Version 3.........................................................................................................................................................381
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 384
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................384
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................385
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................385
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................385
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 386
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 386
Adjusting the IGMP Querier Timeout Value..........................................................................................................387
Conguring a Static IGMP Group................................................................................................................................ 387
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................387
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................388
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................388
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................388
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................389
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................389
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 389
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 390
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................390
Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................390
22 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 391
Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................391
Advanced Interface Conguration................................................................................................................................391
Port Numbering Convention........................................................................................................................................ 392
Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................393
View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................393
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................394
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................395
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................395
Port-Pipes.................................................................................................................................................................396
Network Processing Units (NPUs)....................................................................................................................... 396
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................396
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................397
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................397
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................397
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................398
Contents
13
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 398
Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................399
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 399
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 399
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................400
Conguring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 400
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 401
VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 402
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 403
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 403
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................403
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................404
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................404
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................404
Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................405
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................405
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 405
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................406
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 407
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 408
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 408
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 409
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................410
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 410
Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................410
Bulk Conguration...........................................................................................................................................................411
Interface Range......................................................................................................................................................... 411
Bulk Conguration Examples................................................................................................................................... 411
Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................413
Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 414
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..................................................................................................................... 414
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 414
Displaying Trac Statistics on HiGig Ports................................................................................................................. 415
Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 415
Monitoring HiGig Link Bundles......................................................................................................................................416
Guidelines for Monitoring HiGig Link-Bundles ......................................................................................................417
Enabling HiGig Link-Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................417
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................418
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 418
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................419
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.............................................................................419
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................420
Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................................................. 421
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 421
Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................421
14
Contents
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 423
Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 423
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................424
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................425
Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................425
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................426
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 426
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................427
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 429
Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................429
23 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 431
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................431
24 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 433
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................434
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................434
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................434
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................434
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 435
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 436
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 436
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................437
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................ 437
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................437
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................438
ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 439
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 439
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................439
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................440
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................440
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP............................................................................................................................... 440
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................440
ARP Learning via ARP Request.................................................................................................................................... 441
Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................441
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 442
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 442
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 442
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................443
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................443
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................443
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................443
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 443
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 444
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................444
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................445
Contents
15
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................445
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................446
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 446
25 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................447
Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 447
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................448
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 448
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................448
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................449
Extension Header Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 451
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 452
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................453
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support......................................................................... 453
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................453
Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................453
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................454
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 455
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.............................................................................................................. 455
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 457
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 457
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................458
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................458
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................459
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................459
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................460
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................460
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 460
Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................461
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 462
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................463
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 463
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 463
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................465
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 466
26 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................467
iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 467
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................469
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 469
Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 469
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.................................................................................................................. 471
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................... 473
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.......................................................................473
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................................................................... 473
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................. 474
16
Contents
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays..................................................................................474
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays...................................................................................475
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................475
27 Intermediate System to Intermediate System...........................................................................................476
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................476
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................476
Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................477
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................477
Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................478
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................478
Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................478
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................478
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................478
Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 479
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................480
Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 487
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 488
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................490
Redistributing IPv6 Routes......................................................................................................................................491
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................492
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 492
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 493
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................494
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 494
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 494
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................494
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................496
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 497
28 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 499
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 499
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 499
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................500
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................500
LACP Conguration Tasks.............................................................................................................................................501
Creating a LAG......................................................................................................................................................... 501
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic.........................................................................................................501
Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 502
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................502
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 503
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................503
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................505
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 505
Congure a LAG on ALPHA...................................................................................................................................505
Contents
17
29 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 514
Manage the MAC Address Table.................................................................................................................................. 514
Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................ 514
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................514
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................ 515
Displaying the MAC Address Table.........................................................................................................................515
MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................515
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 516
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 516
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 516
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 517
mac learning-limit no-station-move........................................................................................................................517
Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................517
Setting Station Move Violation Actions.................................................................................................................518
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations............................................................................518
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System....................................................................................................... 519
NIC Teaming....................................................................................................................................................................519
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................520
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 522
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................523
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................524
Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 524
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 525
Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................526
30 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 528
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................528
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 528
Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 529
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 529
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 531
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................531
Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 535
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................535
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 535
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................536
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 536
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................536
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 537
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 537
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 537
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 537
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 538
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 539
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................540
18
Contents
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 541
Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 541
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................542
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 543
31 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................548
NLB Unicast and Multicast Modes..............................................................................................................................548
NLB Unicast Mode Example.................................................................................................................................. 548
NLB Multicast Mode Example............................................................................................................................... 548
NLB Benets..................................................................................................................................................................549
NLB Restrictions............................................................................................................................................................549
NLB VLAN Flooding...................................................................................................................................................... 549
Conguring NLB on a Switch...................................................................................................................................... 550
32 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................551
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................551
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................552
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 553
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................553
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................553
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 557
Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................558
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 558
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................558
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................559
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................559
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 559
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................562
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................563
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................563
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 564
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source................................................................................................. 564
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................565
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................565
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................566
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................566
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................567
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................568
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 569
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................569
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 569
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 571
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................571
Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................572
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................572
Contents
19
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 572
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 573
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................573
Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................. 573
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.................................................................................................................574
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................ 574
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 575
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 575
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 576
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................577
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 578
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................578
MSTP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 579
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 579
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 580
34 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................582
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................582
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................582
First Packet Forwarding for Lossless Multicast.........................................................................................................583
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................583
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................583
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 590
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 591
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................ 591
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................592
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................593
35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 599
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................599
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 599
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 600
Networks and Neighbors.........................................................................................................................................601
Router Types.............................................................................................................................................................601
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 603
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................603
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................604
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................605
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................606
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................606
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 606
OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 607
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 607
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................608
Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 608
20
Contents
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