Digi NET 50 Microprocessor User manual

NET+50 Hardware Reference

90000281_C

Part number/version: 90000281_C

Release date: March 2006

www.digi.com

NET+50 Hardware Reference

Digi International

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Minnetonka, MN 55343 U.S.A.

United States: +1 877 912-3444

Other locations: +1 952 912-3444

www.digi.com/support

www.digi.com

Digi, Digi International, the Digi logo, the Making Device Networking Easy logo, NetSilicon, a Digi

International Company, NET+, NET+OS and NET+Works are trademarks or registered trademarks of Digi

International, Inc. in the United States and other countries worldwide. All other trademarks are the

property of their respective owners.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a committment

on the part of Digi International.

Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including,

but not limited to, the implied warranties of, fitness or merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may

make improvements and/or changes in this manual or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described

in this manual at any time.

This product could include technical inaccuracies or typographical errors. Changes are made periodically

to the information herein; these changes may be incorporated in new editions of the publication.

Contents

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Chapter 1: About the NET+50.................................................1

Introduction .............................................................................. 2

ARM7TDMI................................................................................. 2

The NET+50............................................................................... 2

Hardware design .................................................................. 3

Device modules ................................................................... 3

Chapter 2:

NET+50 Features ...................................................5

NET+50 chip key features .............................................................. 6

Chapter 3:

NET+50 Chip Package ..........................................9

NET+50 chip pinouts.................................................................... 10

Table Information and Tables ................................................. 12

System bus interface ............................................................ 13

Chip select controller ........................................................... 16

Ethernet interface............................................................... 16

MIC interface ..................................................................... 17

UARTS-SPI-GPIO .................................................................. 19

Clock generation/system reset ................................................ 20

JTAG port for ARM core......................................................... 21

Power supply ..................................................................... 21

Signal description summary ........................................................... 22

System bus interface ............................................................ 23

Chip select controller ........................................................... 24

Ethernet MII....................................................................... 24

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MIC interface ..................................................................... 25

GPIO (PORTA/B/C) .............................................................. 29

Clock generation and reset..................................................... 30

Test support ...................................................................... 31

ARM debugger .................................................................... 32

Power .............................................................................. 33

Packaging ................................................................................ 34

NET+50 PQFP package .......................................................... 34

BGA package...................................................................... 36

Chapter 4:

Working with the CPU..........................................39

Thumb concept ......................................................................... 40

Working with ARM exceptions ........................................................ 40

Exceptions ........................................................................ 41

Exception priorities.............................................................. 42

Exception vector table.......................................................... 43

Entering and exiting an exception (software action) ...................... 44

Exception entry / exit summary............................................... 45

Hardware interrupts............................................................. 46

Chapter 5:

BBus Module ...........................................................49

BBus functionality ...................................................................... 50

Cycles and BBus arbitration ........................................................... 50

Order of arbitration ............................................................. 50

Address decoding ....................................................................... 51

Chapter 6:

The GEN Module ....................................................53

Module configuration................................................................... 54

GEN module hardware initialization ................................................. 55

NET+50 bootstrap initialization................................................ 55

System registers ........................................................................ 57

System Control register......................................................... 57

System Status register .......................................................... 62

PLL ........................................................................................ 64

Timing Registers ........................................................................ 64

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Software Service register....................................................... 65

Timer Control registers ......................................................... 65

Timer Status register............................................................ 67

General Purpose I/O (GPIO) Registers............................................... 68

PORTA Register................................................................... 68

PORTB Register................................................................... 73

PORTC register ................................................................... 79

Interrupt generation and control..................................................... 86

NET+50 internal clock generation.................................................... 88

System clock generation........................................................ 89

Internal XTAL clock reference ................................................. 90

Reset circuit ............................................................................. 93

Powerup reset.................................................................... 93

External reset .................................................................... 94

Watch-Dog reset ................................................................. 94

ENI reset .......................................................................... 94

Software reset.................................................................... 94

Reset conditions ................................................................. 94

PLLTest Mode............................................................................ 95

Chapter 7:

Cache ....................................................................... 99

CBUS and BBus system buses.........................................................100

BIU and cache controller ......................................................100

Cache ....................................................................................101

Cache control registers ........................................................102

Cache operation ................................................................102

Cache line fill ...................................................................102

Cache line replacement .......................................................103

Cache line locking ..............................................................103

32-bit pre-fetch .................................................................103

Cache initialization.............................................................103

Cache Control registers...............................................................104

Register and bit definitions ...................................................104

Cache RAM ..............................................................................106

Cache TAG format .....................................................................107

Cache TAG format and definitions ...........................................108

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Chapter 8: Memory Controller Module................................ 111

MEM module features .................................................................112

Memory control signals ........................................................112

Configuration registers ...............................................................113

Registers .........................................................................113

Memory Module Control register (MMCR) ...................................114

Memory control signals ...............................................................126

Data bus (D31:0) ................................................................127

Address bus (A27:0) ............................................................127

Chip selects/RAS (CSx*/RAS)..................................................128

Setting the Chip Select address range.......................................128

CS0* boot configuration........................................................131

Column address strobes (CAS) ................................................132

Read/Write (R/W*) .............................................................133

Output enable (OE*)............................................................133

Write enable (WE*) .............................................................133

Byte enable (BEx*)..............................................................134

Transfer Acknowledge (TA*) ..................................................135

Transfer Error Acknowledge (TEA*) ..........................................135

Basic configurations ...................................................................136

Static RAM .......................................................................136

Fast page and EDO DRAM ......................................................138

SDRAM ............................................................................147

NET+50 SDRAM interconnect .........................................................155

SDRAM x16 bursting considerations ..........................................156

x32 SDRAM configuration ......................................................156

x16 SDRAM configuration ......................................................157

WAIT configuration ....................................................................159

Burst terminate solution..............................................................159

Chapter 9:

DMA Controller Module ..................................... 163

DMA transfers ..........................................................................164

Fly-by operation ................................................................164

Memory-to-memory operation ................................................164

DMA module ............................................................................165

DMA controller assignments..........................................................166

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DMA Channel.....................................................................167

DMA buffer descriptor ................................................................169

Source buffer pointer ..........................................................171

Buffer length ....................................................................171

Destination address pointer ...................................................172

DMA channel configuration...........................................................172

DMA registers...........................................................................174

DMA buffer descriptor pointer ................................................175

DMA Control register and bit definition .....................................175

DMA Status/Interrupt Enable register and bit definition .................180

Ethernet receiver considerations ...................................................182

External peripheral DMA support....................................................183

Signal description...............................................................183

External DMA configuration ...................................................185

Fly-by mode .....................................................................186

Memory-to-memory mode .....................................................187

DMA controller reset ..................................................................188

Chapter 10:

Ethernet Controller Module ............................189

Ethernet (EFE) front-end module ...................................................190

Media access controller (MAC) module.............................................191

Ethernet controller configuration...................................................192

Ethernet Registers.....................................................................194

Ethernet General Control register and bit definitions ....................195

Ethernet General Status register and bit definitions......................200

Ethernet FIFO Data register ...................................................204

Ethernet Transmit Status register and bit definitions ....................205

Ethernet Receive Status register and bit definitions......................208

MAC registers...........................................................................211

MAC Configuration register and bit definitions ............................211

MAC Test register and bit definitions........................................213

PCS registers ...........................................................................214

PCS Configuration register and bit definitions .............................214

PCS Test register................................................................216

STL registers............................................................................216

STL Configuration register and bit definitions .............................217

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STL Test register and bit definitions.........................................218

Transmit Control registers ...........................................................219

Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) registers .............................................219

Collision Window/Collision Retry register ..................................225

“Simulation” registers .........................................................226

Receive Control registers.............................................................229

Receive Byte Counter (RBCT) .................................................229

Receive Counter Decodes (ECRDC)...........................................229

Test Operate Receive Counters (RECTCL) ..................................230

PCS Control registers..................................................................231

Link Fail Counter (LFCT).......................................................231

10 MB Jabber Counter (JBCT).................................................231

10 MB Loss of Carrier Counter (DTLB) .......................................232

Ethernet MII interface signals........................................................233

MII Control registers...................................................................235

MII Command register and bit definitions...................................235

MII Address register and bit definitions .....................................236

MII Write Data register and bit definition...................................236

MII Read Data register and bit definition ...................................237

MII Indicators register and bit definitions...................................237

Statistics monitoring ..................................................................238

Error Statistics registers .......................................................239

Station Address registers/multicast hash table ...................................241

Station Address Filter register and bit definitions.........................242

Station Address register and bit definitions ................................243

Multicast hash table entries and bit definitions ...........................244

Chapter 11:

Serial Controller Module................................. 251

Features.................................................................................252

Bit-rate generator .....................................................................254

Serial protocols ........................................................................254

UART mode ......................................................................254

HDLC mode ......................................................................255

SPI Mode..........................................................................257

General purpose I/O configurations ................................................268

Serial port performance ..............................................................271

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Configuration...........................................................................272

Serial controller register diagrams..................................................273

Serial Channel registers ..............................................................278

Serial Channel Control Register A ............................................278

Serial Channel Control Register B ............................................283

Serial Channel Status Register A .............................................288

Serial Channel Bit-Rate registers.............................................296

Serial Channel FIFO registers .................................................302

Receive Gap Timer registers.........................................................302

Receive Buffer Timer register and bit definitions .........................304

Receive Character Timer register and bit definitions.....................305

Receive Match registers ..............................................................306

Receive Match register and bit definitions .................................306

Receive Match MASK register and bit definitions ..........................307

Control Register C (HDLC)............................................................308

Status Register B (HDLC) .............................................................309

Status Register B and bit definitions.........................................310

Status Register C (HDLC) .............................................................313

Status Register C and bit definitions ........................................313

FIFO Data Register LAST (HDLC).....................................................315

Chapter 12:

MIC Controller Module.....................................317

MIC controller modes of operation..................................................318

MIC modes of operation........................................................319

MIC controller configuration ..................................................320

MIC module interrupts .........................................................321

MIC module hardware initialization..........................................321

GPIO mode..............................................................................322

GPIO function configurations .................................................323

Examples using PORTF .........................................................325

PORTD register ..................................................................327

PORTF register ..................................................................330

PORTG register..................................................................333

PORTH register ..................................................................335

IEEE 1284 host interface (4-port) module .........................................338

IEEE 1284 signal cross reference .............................................341

x       

IEEE 1284 port multiplexing...................................................342

IEEE 1284 mode configuration ................................................342

IEEE negotiation.................................................................343

IEEE 1284 forward compatibility mode......................................343

IEEE 1284 nibble mode.........................................................344

IEEE 1284 byte mode ...........................................................345

IEEE 1284 forward ECP mode .................................................346

IEEE 1284 reverse ECP mode ..................................................348

IEEE 1284 EPP mode ............................................................350

IEEE 1284 Configuration registers ............................................354

IEEE 1284 Port Control registers and bit definitions ......................354

IEEE 1284 Channel Data registers ............................................359

IEEE 1284 strobe pulse width .................................................360

IEEE 1284 external loopback mode ..........................................361

ENI mode overview ....................................................................361

ENI host interface...............................................................362

Signal descriptions..............................................................364

ENI shared RAM mode .................................................................369

Memory map.....................................................................369

Shared RAM ......................................................................370

Shared register ..................................................................371

Clear interrupts .................................................................376

Address interrupts ..............................................................376

ENI FIFO mode module................................................................378

FIFO Data register ..............................................................380

FIFO Mask/Status register and bit definition ...............................382

ENI mode registers ....................................................................387

General Control register and bit definitions................................387

General Status register and bit definitions .................................391

ENI mode FIFO Data register ..................................................393

ENI Control register and bit definitions .....................................394

ENI Pulsed Interrupt register and bit definition............................401

ENI Shared RAM Address register and bit definitions......................401

Chapter 13:

Timing .................................................................. 405

Thermal considerations...............................................................406

Absolute maximum ratings ...........................................................407

       xi

DC characteristics .....................................................................407

AC characteristics .....................................................................409

Output pad timing ..............................................................409

Clock relationships .............................................................411

RESET* timing ...................................................................411

SRAM timing ............................................................................412

SRAM Sync Read (WAIT = 2) ...................................................413

SRAM Sync Write (WAIT = 2)...................................................414

SRAM Sync Burst Read (2-111) (WAIT = 0, BCYC = 00).....................415

SRAM Sync Burst Read (4-222) (WAIT = 2, BCYC = 01).....................416

SRAM Sync Burst Write (4-222) (WAIT = 2, BCYC = 01)....................417

SRAM Async Read (WAIT = 2) ..................................................418

SRAM Async Write (WAIT = 2) .................................................419

SRAM Async Burst Read (WAIT = 2, BCYC = 01).............................420

SRAM Async Burst Write (WAIT = 2, BCYC = 01) ............................421

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Timing ....................................................422

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Read ...............................................423

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Write...............................................424

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Burst Read ........................................425

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Burst Write .......................................427

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Refresh (RCYC = 0) ..............................429

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Refresh (RCYC = 1) ..............................429

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Refresh (RCYC = 2) ..............................430

Fast Page and EDO DRAM Refresh (RCYC = 3) ..............................430

SDRAM timing...........................................................................431

SDRAM Read (CAS Latency = 1) ...............................................432

SDRAM Read (CAS Latency = 2) ...............................................433

SDRAM Write (CAS Latency = 2)...............................................434

SDRAM Burst Read (CAS Latency = 1) ........................................435

SDRAM Burst Read (CAS Latency = 2) ........................................436

SDRAM Burst Write (CAS Latency = 2) .......................................437

SDRAM Refresh Command .....................................................438

SDRAM Load-Mode Command .................................................439

External DMA timing...................................................................440

External Fly-by DMA ............................................................441

External Memory-to-Memory DMA............................................443

SPI timing ...............................................................................445

xii       

SPI Master mode 0 and 1 (two-byte transfer) ..............................445

SPI Slave mode 0 and 1 ........................................................446

MIC timing ..............................................................................448

ENI Shared RAM and Register Cycle timing .................................450

ENI Single Direction DMA timing..............................................451

ENI Dual Direction DMA timing................................................452

Ethernet timing ........................................................................453

Ethernet timing diagram.......................................................454

Ethernet Receive Clock Idle...................................................454

External Ethernet CAM Filtering..............................................455

JTAG timing ............................................................................455

1284 Port Multiplexing timing .......................................................456

1284 Compatibility mode timing ....................................................457

Forward ECP mode timing............................................................459

Crystal oscillator specifications .....................................................460

Appendix A: ARM Exceptions

................................................ 461

About ARM exceptions ................................................................462

Reset exception .................................................................462

Undefined exception ...........................................................462

SWI exception ...................................................................463

Abort exception .................................................................463

IRQ exception ...................................................................464

FIRQ exception ..................................................................464

Index

Using This Guide

       xiii

Review this section for basic information about the guide you are using, as

well as general support and contact information.

About this guide

This guide provides information about the Digi NET+50 32-bit networked

microprocessor. The NET+50 are part of the Digi NET+ARM line of SoC (System-

on-Chip) products, and support any type of high-bandwidth applications in

Intelligent Networked Devices.

The NET+ARM chip is part of the NET+Works integrated product family, which

includes the NET+OS network software suite.

Who should read this guide

This guide is for hardware developers, system software developers, and

applications programmers who want to use the NET+50 for development.

To complete the tasks described in this guide, you must:

 Understand the basics of hardware and software design, operating

systems, and microprocessor design.

 Understand the NET+50 architecture.

Using This Guide

xiv       

NET+50 Hardware Reference

What’s in this guide

This table shows where you can find specific information in this guide:

To read about See

The NET+50 chip Chapter 1, "About the NET+50"

NET+50 key features Chapter 2, "NET+50 Features"

NET+50 PQFP/BGA pin/ball grid array

assignments and packaging

Chapter 3, "NET+50 Chip Package"

NET+50 CPU and the ARM Thumb concept Chapter 4, "Working with the CPU"

BBus functionality Chapter 5, "BBus Module"

General (GEN) module functionality Chapter 6, "The GEN Module"

ARM7TDMI stand-alone core and instruction/data

cache, write protection, and pre-fetch control

Chapter 7, "Cache"

How the NET+50 can be configured to interface

with different types of memory devices

Chapter 8, "Memory Controller Module"

DMA controller, supported DMA channels, and

internal and externalDMA transfers

Chapter 9, "DMA Controller Module"

Ethernet controller module Chapter 10, "Ethernet Controller Module"

Serial channel A and serial channel B Chapter 11, "Serial Controller Module"

Multi interface controller (MIC) Chapter 12, "MIC Controller Module"

NET+50 timing information and diagrams Chapter 13, "Timing"

ARM exceptions Appendix A, "ARM Exceptions"

www.digi.com

       xv

Conventions used in this guide

This table describes the typographic conventions used in this guide:

Related documentation

 NET+50/20M Jumpers and Components provides a hardware description of

the NET+Works Development Board

, and includes information about

jumpers, connectors, switches, and interface configuration as well as

development board diagrams.

 Review the documentation CD-ROM that came with your development kit

for information on third-party products and other components.

 Refer to the NET+OS software documentation for information appropriate to

the chip you are using.

Documentation updates

Digi occasionally provides documentation updates on the Web site (www.digi.com/

support).

Be aware that if you see differences between the documentation you received in your

package and the documentation on the Web site, the Web site content is the latest

version.

This convention Is used for

italic type Emphasis, new terms, variables, and document titles.

monospaced type

Filenames, pathnames, and code examples.

xvi       

NET+50 Hardware Reference

Customer support

To get help with a question or technical problem with this product, or to make

comments and recommendations about our products or documentation, use the

contact information listed in this table:

For Contact information

Technical support United States: +1 877 912-3444

Other locations: +1 952 912-3444

www.digi.com/support

www.digi.com

       1

About the NET+50

CHAPTER 1

The Digi NET+50 is a system-on-a-chip ASIC designed for use in intelligent network

devices and Internet appliances. The NET+50 consists of a 208 plastic-quad-flat-pack

(PQFP) package and a 208 ball-grid-array (BGA) package. The NET+50 is a high-

performance, highly-integrated 32-bit chip.

Introduction

2       

Net+50 Hardware Reference

Introduction

The NET+50 supports almost any networking scenario, with a 10/100 BaseT Ethernet

MAC with MII interface and two independent serial ports, each of which can run in

UART, HDLC, or SPI modes. The CPU is an ARM7TDMI 32-bit RISC processor core with a

rich complement of support peripherals, including memory controllers for various

types of memory (including flash, SDRAM, and EEPROM), programmable timers, and a

10-channel DMA controller.

The NET+50 provides all tools required for any embedded networking application.

ARM7TDMI

The heart of the NET+50 hardware is provided by the ARM7TDMI. The ARM7TDMI is a

member of the ARM Ltd. family of general purpose 32-bit microprocessors, which

offer high-performance while maintaining very low power-consumption and size.

The ARM architecture is based on Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) principles.

Compared with Complex Instruction Set Computers (CISC) architecture, the RISC

instruction set, and related decoding and execution mechanisms, is simpler and more

streamlined. This simplicity results in a high instruction throughput and impressive

real-time interrupt response, as well as a small, cost-effective circuit. The RISC

architecture is conducive to pipelining, which allows the instruction fetch, decode,

and execution units to operate simultaneously.

The NET+50

The NET+50 can be used in any embedded environment requiring networking services

in an Ethernet LAN. The NET+50 contains an ARM RISC processor, 10/100 Ethernet

MAC, serial ports, IEEE 1284 parallel ports, memory controllers, and parallel I/O. The

NET+50 chip can interface with another processor using a RAM or shared RAM

interface.

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