Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

Dell Networking OS Conguration Guide for the

Z9100–ON System

9.11(2.1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 06

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 53

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55

Contents

3

4 Management................................................................................................................................................57

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60

Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................62

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................62

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................64

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................64

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................67

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70

Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................71

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................72

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................72

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 73

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 74

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................75

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 76

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 77

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................77

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 78

4

Contents

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................79

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................79

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 79

5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90

Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91

Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................96

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................96

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................97

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 98

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................99

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 100

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................101

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................102

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................103

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................104

Congure ACL Range Proles...................................................................................................................................... 105

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 106

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................106

Conguring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................109

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................110

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................. 111

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.............................................................................................................111

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 112

Contents

5

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 112

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................112

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 113

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................114

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................115

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................115

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................116

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 118

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 119

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................120

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................120

Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................121

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 121

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................121

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 122

Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 126

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 126

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................130

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs...................................................................................................................131

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................132

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 133

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................134

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................135

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 136

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 136

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 139

Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 141

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 141

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................142

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................146

Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................154

Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 157

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................163

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 166

6

Contents

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................166

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).................................................................................................... 168

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 168

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................170

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 170

Route Reectors..............................................................................................................................................................171

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................172

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 172

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 174

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 174

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................175

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................176

AS Path...................................................................................................................................................................... 177

Next Hop....................................................................................................................................................................177

Multiprotocol BGP.......................................................................................................................................................... 177

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................178

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 178

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................178

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 179

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................179

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 179

AS Number Migration............................................................................................................................................... 181

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................182

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 182

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................183

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 183

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 184

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 187

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................189

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over..............................................................................................................................191

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 193

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 193

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 194

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 195

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 196

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 196

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................198

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 199

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 200

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 200

Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................201

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 202

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 203

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................204

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................204

Contents

7

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 205

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................206

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................206

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................208

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 208

Conguring BGP Route Reectors....................................................................................................................... 209

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................210

Conguring BGP Confederations...........................................................................................................................210

Enabling Route Flap Dampening..............................................................................................................................211

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................213

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................213

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................214

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................216

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 216

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................217

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 217

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................218

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................219

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 220

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 220

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................227

CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................227

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................229

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 229

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................230

CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 231

Troubleshoot CAM Proling...........................................................................................................................................231

QoS CAM Region Limitation....................................................................................................................................231

Syslog Error When the Table is Full........................................................................................................................ 231

Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM..........................................................................................231

Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes.....................................................231

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes...................................................................................................................... 231

Conguring UFT Modes..........................................................................................................................................232

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 233

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 234

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 235

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................237

Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.......................................................................................................................... 238

Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.....................................................................................................238

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 239

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)......................................................................................................................241

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging...................................................................................................... 241

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 242

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................243

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................244

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................245

Buer Organization in Z9100–ON.........................................................................................................................245

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 247

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................248

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................248

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 249

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 250

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................251

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................ 251

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................252

Applying a DCB Map on a Port.................................................................................................................................... 252

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................253

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................253

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................253

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 254

Shared headroom for lossless or PFC packets.......................................................................................................... 254

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 255

Conguring Shared Head Room Buer................................................................................................................ 256

Viewing Shared Head Room Usage.......................................................................................................................256

Monitoring Buer Statistics for Tracking Purposes.............................................................................................257

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................257

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................258

SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................258

Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................259

PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................259

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 259

Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................260

Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................260

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 260

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 260

ETS Operation with DCBx.......................................................................................................................................261

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................262

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 263

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................264

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 264

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................264

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 264

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................265

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 266

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 266

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................267

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................267

Contents

9

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 268

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................268

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................268

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................272

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 279

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................279

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................280

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................282

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 283

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 283

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................285

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................285

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................286

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................286

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 288

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 288

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................288

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 288

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................289

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................289

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 289

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................290

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................290

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................292

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................292

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................293

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................293

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................294

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.................................................................................................... 297

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 298

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 299

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 300

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................300

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................301

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 301

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................302

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................302

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 303

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................303

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 303

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 303

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 304

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 304

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................305

10

Contents

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................305

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 305

Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................306

Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................ 307

Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes ........................................................................ 307

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................308

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 308

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................308

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................310

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 312

FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................312

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 312

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................313

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................314

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 314

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................314

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................314

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 314

FIP Snooping Restrictions.......................................................................................................................................315

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................315

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................316

FCoE Transit Conguration Example........................................................................................................................... 321

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................323

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................323

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................323

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 324

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................324

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 324

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................325

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................326

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 326

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 326

BGP Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................327

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................327

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................ 327

Software Upgrade....................................................................................................................................................327

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................327

Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................328

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................328

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................328

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 329

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 330

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................330

Contents

11

Ring Status................................................................................................................................................................ 331

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................ 331

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................332

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 333

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................334

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................334

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................334

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................335

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................336

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 337

Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 337

Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 337

Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................338

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 338

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................338

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................338

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................340

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 340

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 341

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................343

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................343

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 344

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 344

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 345

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................345

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 345

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 346

19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)..........................................................................................347

IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................347

IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 347

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 347

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................349

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 352

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................352

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 353

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................353

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................353

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 354

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 354

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 355

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................355

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................355

Conguring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 355

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................356

12

Contents

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................356

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 356

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 357

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 357

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................358

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................358

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................359

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 360

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................360

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac...................................................................................................................... 361

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 362

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................362

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 363

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................364

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................365

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................365

20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 366

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................366

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................366

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................367

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 367

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................369

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................370

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................370

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 370

Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 371

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode...................................................................................................................371

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 371

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode................................................................................................................... 372

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................372

Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 373

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................373

Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................373

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 374

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................374

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................374

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................375

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 376

Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................376

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 376

Port Channel Denition and Standards................................................................................................................. 377

Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 377

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................. 377

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................378

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................. 378

Contents

13

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................378

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................379

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................380

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel............................................................................... 381

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN.............................................................................................. 381

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 382

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel..................................................................................................................... 383

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................383

Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................383

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................384

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 385

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 385

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................385

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 387

Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................387

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 387

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 388

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 389

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 389

Splitting 100G Ports...................................................................................................................................................... 390

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 390

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 391

Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................391

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 392

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 393

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 394

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................394

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................395

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................395

CR4 Auto-Negotiation.................................................................................................................................................. 395

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 396

FEC Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 397

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................399

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 400

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally........................................................................................................... 401

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 402

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................402

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges...................................................................................................................403

Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 403

21 IPv4 Routing.............................................................................................................................................407

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................408

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................408

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses......................................................................................................................... 408

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................408

Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 409

14

Contents

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface...........................................................................................410

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................... 411

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface.................................................................................................................411

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection..........................................................................................411

Enabling Directed Broadcast......................................................................................................................................... 412

Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................................................412

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................412

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 413

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 413

ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 414

Conguration Tasks for ARP.........................................................................................................................................414

Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................414

Enabling Proxy ARP....................................................................................................................................................... 415

Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................415

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 415

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................416

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................416

Conguring ARP Retries................................................................................................................................................417

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 417

Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................417

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 417

UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 418

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 418

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 418

Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................418

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 418

Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................ 419

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses................................................................................................................. 419

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................420

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................420

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................421

Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................421

22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................422

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 422

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................423

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 423

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................423

Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................424

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................425

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................427

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 428

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 429

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................429

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................429

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................430

Contents

15

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................430

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 430

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................431

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................432

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 432

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 433

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................433

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 434

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................434

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................435

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................435

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................435

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 436

Showing IPv6 Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 437

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 438

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................438

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 439

23 iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 441

iSCSI Optimization Overview........................................................................................................................................441

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................443

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................443

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................443

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 444

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................444

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................445

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 445

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................446

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 446

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................446

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................448

24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 450

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 450

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................450

Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 451

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 451

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................452

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................452

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................452

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................452

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................452

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................453

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................454

Conguring the Distance of a Route......................................................................................................................461

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 462

16

Contents

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................464

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................465

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................466

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 466

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 467

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................468

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 468

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 469

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................469

Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 470

Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................471

25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................474

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................474

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................474

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 475

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 475

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 476

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................476

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 476

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................477

Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 477

Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................................................................478

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................................... 478

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................480

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 480

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 480

26 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................489

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 489

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 489

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................489

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................490

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................490

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................490

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 491

mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 491

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 491

mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................492

mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................492

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................492

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 493

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 493

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................494

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 494

Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 495

Contents

17

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs.........................................................................................497

Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................498

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................499

Conguring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................500

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 500

Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 501

27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 503

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................503

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 503

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................504

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 504

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 506

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................506

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 509

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................509

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 510

LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................510

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations.............................................................................................510

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................. 511

Disabling and Undoing LLDP....................................................................................................................................511

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports......................................................................................................................... 511

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports............................................................................................511

Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................512

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 513

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 513

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................514

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 515

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 516

Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................516

Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 517

28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 522

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................522

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................522

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................523

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................523

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 523

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................523

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 524

29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 525

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................525

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................526

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................527

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................ 527

18

Contents

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 527

Enable MSDP..................................................................................................................................................................531

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 532

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................532

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................532

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................533

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 533

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................533

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................536

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer................................................................................................... 537

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source....................................................................................................... 537

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 538

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................538

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................539

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................539

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................540

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................540

MSDP with Anycast RP.................................................................................................................................................541

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................542

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................543

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 543

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 545

30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 548

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................548

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 549

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 549

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................549

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................550

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 550

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................550

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances.................................................................................................................551

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................552

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................553

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 553

Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 553

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 555

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 556

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 556

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................557

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 557

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................561

31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 563

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................563

Contents

19

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 563

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................564

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................564

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)........................................................................................................... 571

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................572

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths............................................................................................................572

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 573

mtrace Scenarios........................................................................................................................................................... 574

32 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 580

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 580

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 581

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 581

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 582

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 583

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 583

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 583

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 583

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 584

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 586

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................589

33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3).................................................................................... 591

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................591

Autonomous System (AS) Areas............................................................................................................................591

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 592

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................593

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 593

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................595

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................595

Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................596

OSPF with Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................................... 597

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 598

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................599

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................599

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 599

OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 600

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 600

Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 601

Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)......................................................................................... 601

Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 615

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 616

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................ 616

Assigning Area ID on an Interface...........................................................................................................................617

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally.........................................................................................617

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF.......................................................................................618

20

Contents

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