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Dell PowerSwitch S4048T-ON Quick start guide

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Dell EMC Conguration Guide for the S4048T–
ON System
9.14.2.2
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
© 2019 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other trademarks
may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2019 - 07
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................37
Audience............................................................................................................................................................................37
Conventions...................................................................................................................................................................... 37
Related Documents..........................................................................................................................................................37
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 38
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................38
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................38
Navigating CLI Modes...............................................................................................................................................40
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................44
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................44
Command History............................................................................................................................................................45
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................45
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 45
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................46
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................47
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................48
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................48
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................49
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................49
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................49
Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 50
Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 50
Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 50
Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 50
Congure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................50
Congure a Management Route...............................................................................................................................51
Conguring a Username and Password...................................................................................................................51
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................52
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................52
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 53
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................53
Save the Running-Conguration............................................................................................................................. 55
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 56
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................56
Compressing Conguration Files..............................................................................................................................57
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 59
Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 60
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 60
Contents
3
Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 62
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................62
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 63
4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 65
Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 65
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................66
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 66
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................66
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................66
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................66
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 68
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 68
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 68
Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 69
Conguring Logging Format ....................................................................................................................................71
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration...................................................................................71
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................72
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server...................................................................................................... 73
Track Login Activity..........................................................................................................................................................73
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................73
Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 73
Display Login Statistics.............................................................................................................................................. 74
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................75
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................75
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................76
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 76
Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................77
Log Messages in the Internal Buer.............................................................................................................................. 77
Conguration Task List for System Log Management...........................................................................................77
Disabling System Logging................................................................................................................................................77
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 78
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................78
Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................78
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 79
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................80
Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................81
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.....................................................................................................................81
File Transfer Services...................................................................................................................................................... 84
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................84
Enabling the FTP Server...........................................................................................................................................84
Conguring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 85
Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................85
Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................86
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................86
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................. 87
4
Contents
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 88
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................88
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 89
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................89
LPC Bus Quality Degradation.........................................................................................................................................90
LBQA (LPC Bus Quality Analyzer) Failure Detection mode................................................................................. 90
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 90
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................90
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................. 91
Viewing the Reason for Last System Reboot...............................................................................................................92
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................93
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................95
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................95
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................96
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 96
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................96
Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................97
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................98
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 99
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port..............................................................................................................100
Re-Authenticating a Port.............................................................................................................................................. 100
Conguring Timeouts..................................................................................................................................................... 101
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 102
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.........................................................................................................................103
Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................104
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 104
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 106
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 106
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................107
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................107
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 107
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................108
Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 109
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes................................................................................................................... 110
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes........................................................................................................................111
Conguring UFT Modes............................................................................................................................................111
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................112
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................113
CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................114
Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS.................................................................................................114
Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................116
Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................116
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................118
Contents
5
Conguring Set Conditions..................................................................................................................................... 120
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................121
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 121
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................122
IP Fragment Handling.................................................................................................................................................... 122
IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................122
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................123
Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 123
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 124
Congure an Extended IP ACL.....................................................................................................................................125
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number.......................................................................................................125
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................127
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................127
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................128
Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................128
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................129
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 129
Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................130
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)..................................................................................................... 131
IP Prex Lists................................................................................................................................................................... 131
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 132
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 132
ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 135
Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 135
Deleting a Remark.................................................................................................................................................... 136
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 137
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................137
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................138
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 138
Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 139
Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................140
Conguring ACL Logging........................................................................................................................................ 140
Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 141
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 141
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................142
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................143
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 146
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................147
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................147
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 148
How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 148
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................149
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 150
BFD Three-Way Handshake.....................................................................................................................................151
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................153
6
Contents
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 153
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 154
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................154
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................156
Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................159
Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................162
Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................167
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................170
Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 172
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................180
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 182
9 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)................................................................................................................ 183
BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview.......................................................................................................................... 183
BGP Autonomous Systems.....................................................................................................................................183
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 185
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................187
BGP router ID............................................................................................................................................................187
Sessions and Peers...................................................................................................................................................187
Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 188
BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.................................................................................................................188
Multiprotocol BGP....................................................................................................................................................193
BGP global and address family conguration........................................................................................................194
Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS...................................................................................................196
Conguration Information........................................................................................................................................199
Basic BGP conguration tasks..................................................................................................................................... 199
Prerequisite for conguring a BGP network......................................................................................................... 199
Restrictions.............................................................................................................................................................. 200
Enabling BGP........................................................................................................................................................... 200
Enabling four-byte autonomous system numbers............................................................................................... 202
Changing a BGP router ID...................................................................................................................................... 203
Conguring AS4 Number Representations.......................................................................................................... 203
Conguring a BGP peer..........................................................................................................................................205
Example-Conguring BGP routing between peers............................................................................................. 206
BGP peer group....................................................................................................................................................... 207
Advanced BGP conguration tasks..............................................................................................................................213
Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration................................................................................................................214
Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................216
Filtering BGP.............................................................................................................................................................218
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over............................................................................................................................ 225
Conguring Passive Peering...................................................................................................................................226
Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 227
Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................228
Redistributing iBGP Routes into IGP.....................................................................................................................229
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 231
Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 232
Contents
7
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 233
Congure BGP attributes....................................................................................................................................... 234
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................238
Route Reectors......................................................................................................................................................239
Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 240
Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................243
Setting the extended timer.....................................................................................................................................244
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................244
Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 245
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 246
Conguring a BGP VRF address family.................................................................................................................247
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................ 248
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 249
Enabling MBGP Congurations............................................................................................................................. 250
MBGP support for IPv6..........................................................................................................................................250
Conguring IPv6 MBGP between peers.............................................................................................................. 250
Example-Conguring IPv4 and IPv6 neighbors.................................................................................................... 251
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 253
BGP Regular Expression Optimization..................................................................................................................255
Debugging BGP....................................................................................................................................................... 255
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 258
CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 258
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................260
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 260
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................262
Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................262
Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 263
CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 264
Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................264
QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................264
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 265
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 266
Conguring CoPP for Protocols.............................................................................................................................267
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 269
CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................270
Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3...............................................................................................................................273
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 273
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 276
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................276
Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................................277
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................278
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................279
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow.................................................................................................................. 280
8
Contents
Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................280
DCB Maps and its Attributes.................................................................................................................................. 281
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................282
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 282
Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 283
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 284
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................284
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................285
Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................285
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................286
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................286
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................288
Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................288
Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 288
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................289
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................289
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.................................................................................................. 290
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection............................................................................................................. 290
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................ 291
Creating an ETS Priority Group.............................................................................................................................. 291
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................292
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................292
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................293
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................295
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................295
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................295
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................295
DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................296
DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................296
DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................297
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 298
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 298
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 299
DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 299
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 300
Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................300
Verifying the DCB Conguration................................................................................................................................. 304
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment...........................................................................................313
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method.................................................................................................................... 314
Sample DCB Conguration........................................................................................................................................... 315
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples................................................................................................317
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................318
DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 318
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................320
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 321
Contents
9
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server.............................................................................................................. 321
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................322
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 323
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution......................................................................................................324
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................ 324
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................324
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................324
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................325
Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 325
Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 325
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 327
Conguring the DHCP Client System................................................................................................................... 327
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................329
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................329
DHCP Relay When DHCP Server and Client are in Dierent VRFs........................................................................ 330
Conguring Route Leaking between VRFs on DHCP Relay Agent................................................................... 330
Non-default VRF conguration for DHCPv6 helper address....................................................................................331
Conguring DHCP relay source interface...................................................................................................................332
Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ....................................................................................... 332
Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ..........................................................................332
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................334
Congure Secure DHCP............................................................................................................................................... 334
Option 82 (DHCPv4 relay options)........................................................................................................................334
DHCPv6 relay agent options..................................................................................................................................335
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................335
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................340
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 340
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................341
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 343
Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 343
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 344
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................344
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 345
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................345
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 346
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................346
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 346
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 346
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................347
Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................347
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................348
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................348
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................348
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................349
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP................................................................................................................................... 350
10
Contents
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................353
Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................ 353
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network............................................................................................353
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges..............................................................................................................................355
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack................................................................................................................................... 357
Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 357
FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................357
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................357
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................358
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................359
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 359
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................359
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................359
Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 359
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 360
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................360
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................361
FCoE Transit Conguration Example.......................................................................................................................... 366
16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................368
Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 368
Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................368
Enabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................369
Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................369
Monitoring FIPS Mode Status..................................................................................................................................... 369
Disabling FIPS Mode......................................................................................................................................................370
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP).................................................................................................... 371
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................371
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 372
Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................372
Important FRRP Points........................................................................................................................................... 373
Important FRRP Concepts......................................................................................................................................374
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................375
FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................375
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................375
Conguring the Control VLAN............................................................................................................................... 376
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 377
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................ 378
Clearing the FRRP Counters.................................................................................................................................. 378
Viewing the FRRP Conguration........................................................................................................................... 378
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................378
Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................379
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................379
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................ 379
Contents
11
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................380
Example Scenario..................................................................................................................................................... 381
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................382
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................383
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 383
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 384
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................384
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 385
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................385
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 385
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 386
RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................386
19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 388
Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 388
Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 388
Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................389
Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 389
Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................390
Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 390
Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 390
Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 390
Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 390
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 391
Software Resiliency........................................................................................................................................................391
Software Component Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................391
System Health Monitoring.......................................................................................................................................391
Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................392
Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................392
20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................393
IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................393
IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................393
IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 393
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................395
Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 398
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................398
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................399
Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................399
Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................400
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 400
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 400
Preventing a Host from Joining a Group..................................................................................................................... 401
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 404
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................404
12
Contents
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................404
Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................404
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................405
Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................405
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 406
Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 406
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes................................................................................................... 407
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................407
Protocol Separation................................................................................................................................................. 407
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 408
Handling of Management Route Conguration...................................................................................................409
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................410
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac...................................................................................................................... 410
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation)......................................................................................................411
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type...................................................................................... 411
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................412
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ........................................................................... 413
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications......................................................................................................414
Designating a Multicast Router Interface....................................................................................................................414
21 Interfaces..................................................................................................................................................416
Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................416
Advanced Interface Conguration................................................................................................................................416
Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................417
View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................417
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 419
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................420
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................420
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................420
Overview of Layer Modes....................................................................................................................................... 421
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 421
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 421
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................422
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................422
Automatic recovery of an Err-disabled interface....................................................................................................... 423
Conguring an automatic recovery for an Err-disabled interface......................................................................424
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 424
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................424
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 425
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................425
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................425
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................427
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................427
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 428
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 429
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................429
Contents
13
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................429
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................429
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................429
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 430
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................430
Creating a Port Channel.......................................................................................................................................... 431
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel......................................................................................................431
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................433
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 433
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 434
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 435
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................435
Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................435
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................436
Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 436
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................436
Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................437
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 438
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 438
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 439
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 439
Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................440
Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 440
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload............................................................................................................................. 441
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 442
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................443
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................444
Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................444
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................445
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 446
Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................446
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................448
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 449
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 450
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................450
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................451
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................452
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces...................................................................................................................452
Setting the speed to 10/100/1000 Mbps on SFP-1G-T transceiver..................................................................452
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 452
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 454
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................454
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 455
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.......................................................................................................... 456
Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 458
14
Contents
Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 458
Discard Counters........................................................................................................................................................... 459
Display discard counters......................................................................................................................................... 459
22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 461
Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................461
23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................463
IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................464
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................464
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................464
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................464
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................ 465
Adding description for IPv4 and IPv6 static routes.............................................................................................466
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 467
IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................467
Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................468
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................468
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 468
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 469
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 469
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................469
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................470
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................470
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 471
ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 471
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 472
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................472
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................472
Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 473
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................473
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................473
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 473
Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 474
ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 475
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 475
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 475
ICMP Redirects..............................................................................................................................................................475
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................476
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................476
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477
Enabling UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................... 477
Conguring a Broadcast Address.................................................................................................................................477
Congurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................478
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................478
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................479
Contents
15
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 479
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................480
Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................480
24 IPv6 Routing.............................................................................................................................................481
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................481
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................482
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 482
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................482
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................483
Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 485
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 486
Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 487
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................488
Path MTU discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 489
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery..............................................................................................................................................489
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 490
Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 490
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 490
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ......................................................................................491
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................492
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 492
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 493
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................493
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................494
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................494
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................495
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................495
Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................495
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 496
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................496
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................498
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................498
Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 498
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 499
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................500
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard...................................................................................................................................... 501
25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 502
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................502
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................504
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 504
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................504
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................505
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................505
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................506
16
Contents
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................506
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................507
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 507
Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................507
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 509
26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System............................................................................................511
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................. 511
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................. 511
Multi-Topology IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 512
Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................ 512
Interface Support..................................................................................................................................................... 513
Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................513
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 513
Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 513
Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 513
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................514
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................. 515
Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................522
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 523
Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................525
Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................526
Conguring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................. 527
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 527
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 528
IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................529
Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 529
Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 529
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................529
Leaks from One Level to Another...........................................................................................................................531
Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................532
27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................534
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 534
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 534
LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................535
Conguring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................535
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................536
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................536
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................536
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................537
Monitoring and Debugging LACP.......................................................................................................................... 537
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 538
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................538
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................540
LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 540
Contents
17
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 540
28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................549
Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 549
Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 549
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................549
Conguring a Static MAC Address....................................................................................................................... 550
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................550
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................550
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................. 551
mac learning-limit Dynamic..................................................................................................................................... 551
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky.................................................................................................................. 551
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 552
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 552
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................552
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 553
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................553
Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 554
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................554
Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 555
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 557
Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................558
FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................559
Conguring FEFD....................................................................................................................................................560
Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 560
Debugging FEFD...................................................................................................................................................... 561
29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 563
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................563
Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 563
Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................564
Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 564
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 566
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................566
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................570
Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 570
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................570
LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................571
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................. 571
Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................571
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 572
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................ 572
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 572
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 572
Storing and Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................... 574
Reserved Unrecognized LLDP TLVs......................................................................................................................574
18
Contents
Organizational Specic Unrecognized LLDP TLVs.............................................................................................. 574
Viewing Unrecognized LLDP TLVs........................................................................................................................ 574
Viewing the LLDP Conguration..................................................................................................................................575
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................575
Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors...............................................................................575
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 578
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 579
Conguring LLDP Notication Interval....................................................................................................................... 579
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................579
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 580
Debugging LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................581
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 582
30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 587
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................ 587
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario..................................................................................................................................... 587
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................588
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................588
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 588
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................588
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 589
31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................590
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................590
Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................591
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................592
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................592
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................592
Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................596
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 597
Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................597
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................597
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................598
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 598
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................598
Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 601
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................602
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................602
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 603
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................603
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................604
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................604
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................605
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................605
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................606
Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................607
Contents
19
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 608
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................608
MSDP Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................... 610
35 Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol...................................................................................................... 613
MLD Version 1................................................................................................................................................................. 613
MLD Querier Router.......................................................................................................................................................613
Joining a Multicast Group..............................................................................................................................................614
Leaving a Multicast Group.............................................................................................................................................614
MLD version 2.................................................................................................................................................................614
MLD timers......................................................................................................................................................................616
Reducing Host Response Burstiness..................................................................................................................... 617
Conguring MLD Version...............................................................................................................................................617
Clearing MLD groups......................................................................................................................................................617
Debugging MLD..............................................................................................................................................................617
Explicit Tracking.............................................................................................................................................................. 617
Reducing Leave Latency................................................................................................................................................618
Displaying MLD groups table.........................................................................................................................................618
Displaying MLD Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................618
33 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 619
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................619
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 620
Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................620
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................620
Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................621
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally....................................................................................................................... 621
Adding and Removing Interfaces..................................................................................................................................621
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 622
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................623
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges............................................................................................................................. 623
Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 624
Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 624
Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 625
Setting STP path cost as constant............................................................................................................................. 626
Conguring an EdgePort...............................................................................................................................................627
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................627
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................628
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................628
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations......................................................................................................... 631
34 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 633
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................633
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................633
Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................634
20
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