Dell PowerSwitch S4810P Owner's manual

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4810 System

9.14(1.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

may be trademarks of their respective owners.

2018 - 11

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35

Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41

Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42

Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43

Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 43

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................47

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................47

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................ 47

Default Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 48

Conguring a Host Name............................................................................................................................................... 48

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................48

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................48

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................49

Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 49

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................50

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................50

Copy Files to and from the System.......................................................................................................................... 51

Mounting an NFS File System...................................................................................................................................51

Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................53

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 54

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................54

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 55

Managing the File System...............................................................................................................................................57

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option..........................................................................58

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 58

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell EMC Networking OS............................................................................................................................ 59

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................59

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 60

4 Management................................................................................................................................................ 61

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................ 61

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................62

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 62

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................62

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................62

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................62

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 64

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 64

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 64

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 65

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................67

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration.................................................................................. 67

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................68

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................69

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 69

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 69

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 69

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................70

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions.....................................................................................................................................71

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................. 71

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................72

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 72

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................73

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................73

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 73

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 73

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server..................................................................................................... 74

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................74

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 75

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................76

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 77

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 77

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................78

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................78

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 78

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................78

Conguring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................79

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 79

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................80

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines..............................................................................................81

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 82

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device..........................................................................................................82

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 83

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................83

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 83

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.....................................................................................................84

Recovering from a Failed Start...................................................................................................................................... 85

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 86

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................86

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 86

Dell EMC Networking OS Security Hardening............................................................................................................. 87

Dell EMC Networking OS Image Verication......................................................................................................... 88

Startup Conguration Verication........................................................................................................................... 89

Conguring the root User Password.......................................................................................................................90

Locking Access to GRUB Interface......................................................................................................................... 90

Enabling User Lockout for Failed Login Attempts.................................................................................................. 91

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................92

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................94

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................94

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................95

Related Conguration Tasks.....................................................................................................................................95

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................95

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 96

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................98

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 98

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 99

Re-Authenticating a Port.............................................................................................................................................. 100

Conguring Timeouts..................................................................................................................................................... 101

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication......................................................................... 102

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs......................................................................................................................... 103

Conguring a Guest VLAN......................................................................................................................................103

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN............................................................................................................. 103

Conguring dot1x Prole .............................................................................................................................................. 104

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 105

Conguring Critical VLAN ............................................................................................................................................ 106

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................107

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 107

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 108

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................108

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 108

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................109

Viewing CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................... 110

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes....................................................................................................................111

Contents

5

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................113

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs)......................................................................................................................................114

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................115

Implementing ACLs on Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................ 115

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 117

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................. 117

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................119

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................121

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................122

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................122

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................123

IP Fragment Handling.....................................................................................................................................................123

IP Fragments ACL Examples...................................................................................................................................123

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples...................................................................................................................................124

Congure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 124

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter.....................................................................................................................125

Congure an Extended IP ACL..................................................................................................................................... 126

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number....................................................................................................... 126

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................128

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................128

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................129

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................129

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................130

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 130

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................131

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 132

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 132

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 133

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 133

ACL Remarks.................................................................................................................................................................. 136

Conguring a Remark.............................................................................................................................................. 136

Deleting a Remark.....................................................................................................................................................137

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 138

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................138

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................139

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 139

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 140

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging.................................................................................................................141

Conguring ACL Logging......................................................................................................................................... 141

Flow-Based Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................142

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................142

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................143

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 145

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 145

6

Contents

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................146

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 147

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 148

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................150

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................150

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 150

Congure BFD for Physical Ports........................................................................................................................... 151

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................152

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................155

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................159

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................162

Congure BFD for BGP........................................................................................................................................... 164

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................172

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 175

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................175

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes for Default VRF.....................................................................................176

9 BGP IP version 4 (BGPv4) Overview..........................................................................................................179

BGP Autonomous Systems........................................................................................................................................... 179

Sessions and Peers......................................................................................................................................................... 181

Establish a Session....................................................................................................................................................181

Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................182

BGP Attributes for selecting Best Path.......................................................................................................................183

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................183

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................185

Local Preference.......................................................................................................................................................185

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................186

Origin.......................................................................................................................................................................... 187

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................188

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 188

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................188

Implement BGP with Dell EMC Networking OS.........................................................................................................189

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support......................................................................................................................189

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes........................................................................................ 189

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................190

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 190

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 190

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 192

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................193

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 193

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................194

Enabling BGP.................................................................................................................................................................. 194

Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 195

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 197

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................199

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................201

Contents

7

Conguring Passive Peering...................................................................................................................................202

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................ 203

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path...................................................................................... 204

Enabling Graceful Restart.......................................................................................................................................205

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart......................................................................................................................206

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................206

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute.......................................................................................................................... 208

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................209

Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................210

Enabling Additional Paths......................................................................................................................................... 211

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................. 212

Conguring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................ 213

Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................. 214

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................215

Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 216

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute...................................................................................................217

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............. 217

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................218

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................218

Filtering BGP Routes................................................................................................................................................219

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................219

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information..............................................................................................220

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 221

Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................222

Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 222

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................ 223

Changing BGP keepalive and hold timers.............................................................................................................225

Route-refresh and Soft-reconguration............................................................................................................... 226

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................227

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 228

Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 229

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor......................................... 229

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................231

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 231

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................232

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 233

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 234

Example-Conguring BGP peer groups......................................................................................................................234

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 241

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 241

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 243

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 243

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................245

Conguring CAM Threshold and Silence Period........................................................................................................245

Setting CAM Threshold and Silence Period......................................................................................................... 245

8

Contents

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 246

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................247

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................247

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 248

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 249

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 250

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 252

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................253

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 256

Displaying CoPP Conguration .............................................................................................................................256

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 259

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 259

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 260

Enhanced Transmission Selection.......................................................................................................................... 261

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................262

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................263

Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 263

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................264

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................265

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................266

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................266

Conguring Lossless Queues..................................................................................................................................267

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 268

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................268

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................269

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................269

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................270

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................270

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................270

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map..........................................................................................................................271

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:...................................................................................................................271

Behavior of Tagged Packets......................................................................................................................................... 273

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................ 273

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................274

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................274

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions........................................................................................................................274

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................275

ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 276

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN.................................................................................................276

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................277

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 278

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac............................................................................................. 279

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 279

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 279

Contents

9

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 279

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 280

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................. 281

Conguration Source Election................................................................................................................................ 281

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................282

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 282

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................283

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................283

Conguring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................284

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................287

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................296

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................297

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................298

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples.............................................................................................. 300

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)..........................................................................................301

DHCP Packet Format and Options.............................................................................................................................. 301

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................303

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................304

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server............................................................................................................. 304

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................305

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................306

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 306

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................306

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution......................................................................................................307

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................307

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 307

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 308

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent................................................................................................................ 308

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................310

Conguring the DHCP Client System....................................................................................................................310

DHCP Client on a Management Interface..............................................................................................................311

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................312

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230).................................................................................... 313

Conguring DHCP relay source interface....................................................................................................................313

Global DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ........................................................................................ 313

Interface level DHCP relay source IPv4 or IPv6 conguration ...........................................................................314

Congure Secure DHCP................................................................................................................................................315

Option 82...................................................................................................................................................................315

DHCP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................316

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet.............................................................................................................321

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only.....................................................................................................321

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................322

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 322

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 324

Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 324

10

Contents

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 325

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................325

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets....................................................................................................326

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................326

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 327

Conguring the Hash Algorithm...................................................................................................................................327

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.....................................................................................................................327

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.........................................................................................................................327

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 328

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................328

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 329

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................329

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 331

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................331

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................331

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges.............................................................................................................................. 333

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................335

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 335

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................335

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 335

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature........................................................................................................................336

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 337

Congure the FC-MAP Value.................................................................................................................................337

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link....................................................................................................... 337

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link........................................................................................................... 337

Impact on Other Software Features......................................................................................................................337

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 338

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................338

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................339

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................344

16 FIPS Cryptography...................................................................................................................................346

Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................................... 346

Preparing the System....................................................................................................................................................346

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 347

Generating Host-Keys................................................................................................................................................... 347

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................347

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 348

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 349

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................349

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................350

Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 350

Important FRRP Points............................................................................................................................................351

Contents

11

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 352

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................353

FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 353

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................353

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................354

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs...................................................................................................... 355

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................356

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................356

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................356

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 356

Troubleshooting FRRP...................................................................................................................................................357

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................357

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................357

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................358

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 359

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 360

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP).............................................................................................. 361

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 361

Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 362

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................362

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 363

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................363

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 363

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 364

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................364

19 High Availability (HA)............................................................................................................................... 366

Component Redundancy.............................................................................................................................................. 366

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover.......................................................................................................... 366

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units.............................................................................. 367

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover..................................................................................................................................367

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit.......................................................................................................................... 368

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 368

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 368

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 368

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 369

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 369

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 369

Software Resiliency....................................................................................................................................................... 370

Software Component Health Monitoring..............................................................................................................370

System Health Monitoring...................................................................................................................................... 370

Failure and Event Logging.......................................................................................................................................370

Hot-Lock Behavior..........................................................................................................................................................371

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 372

12

Contents

IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................372

IGMP Protocol Overview.............................................................................................................................................. 372

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 372

IGMP Version 3.........................................................................................................................................................374

Congure IGMP..............................................................................................................................................................377

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 377

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 378

Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 378

Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 379

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................379

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 379

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 380

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................383

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................383

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 383

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................383

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................384

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................384

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 385

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 385

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................386

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................386

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................386

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 387

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 388

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 389

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................389

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 390

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................390

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac .............................................................................391

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................392

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................393

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 393

21 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................395

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................395

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................395

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................396

View Basic Interface Information.................................................................................................................................396

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................398

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................398

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................399

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................399

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 399

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 400

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 400

Contents

13

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................400

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode................................................................................................................... 401

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)..................................................................................................................................402

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 402

Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 402

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................403

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................403

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 404

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 405

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................406

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 406

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................406

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................407

Port Channel Benets............................................................................................................................................. 407

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................407

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 408

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................408

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 408

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................409

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel.................................................................................................410

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel................................................................................411

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN...............................................................................................411

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel........................................................................................................... 412

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel......................................................................................................................413

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................ 413

Changing the Hash Algorithm.................................................................................................................................413

Bulk Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................... 414

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................ 414

Bulk Conguration Examples.................................................................................................................................. 415

Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................416

Dene the Interface Range..................................................................................................................................... 416

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro..................................................................................................................... 417

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 417

Maintenance Using TDR..........................................................................................................................................418

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers....................................................................................................................................418

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................419

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................420

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 420

Example Scenarios...................................................................................................................................................420

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................424

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................424

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 425

Conguration Example of Link Dampening...........................................................................................................425

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................ 427

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 428

14

Contents

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 429

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 429

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................430

Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................431

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................431

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................. 431

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................432

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................433

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 434

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally.....................................................................................................435

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 436

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................437

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)...........................................................................................................438

Conguring IPSec .........................................................................................................................................................438

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................440

IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................441

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 441

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 441

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................441

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................442

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 443

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview.......................................................................................................................... 444

Packet handling during MTU mismatch................................................................................................................444

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages..................................................................................444

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface............................................................................................................... 444

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 445

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 445

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................445

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................446

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 446

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................447

ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................447

Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 448

Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................448

Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................448

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................449

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................449

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................449

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 449

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................450

ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................ 451

Conguration Tasks for ICMP.......................................................................................................................................451

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages....................................................................................................................... 451

UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 451

Contents

15

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 451

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 452

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................452

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 452

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................452

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................453

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................454

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................454

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................454

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................456

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................456

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................457

Stateless Autoconguration....................................................................................................................................457

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................457

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................458

Extension Header Fields......................................................................................................................................... 460

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................461

Implementing IPv6 with Dell EMC Networking OS................................................................................................... 462

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................463

Path MTU discovery......................................................................................................................................................464

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 464

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets.......................................................................................................... 465

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 465

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 465

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................466

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................467

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 467

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 468

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................468

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................469

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................469

Conguring Telnet with IPv6.................................................................................................................................. 470

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................470

Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 470

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information............................................................................................................... 471

Showing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................471

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface......................................................................................... 473

Clearing IPv6 Routes............................................................................................................................................... 473

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 473

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard...........................................................................................................................................474

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface......................................................................................................... 475

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard......................................................................................................................................476

25 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................477

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 477

16

Contents

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows............................................................................................................................... 479

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows......................................................................................479

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows....................................................................................................... 479

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays...........................................................................480

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................480

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer..................................................................481

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization..................................................................................................................481

Default iSCSI Optimization Values............................................................................................................................... 482

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 482

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................482

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................484

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 486

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 486

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................486

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................487

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................487

Interface Support.....................................................................................................................................................488

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................488

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................488

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................488

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................488

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................489

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................490

Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 497

Changing the IS-Type..............................................................................................................................................498

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................500

Redistributing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 501

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................502

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 502

Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................503

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................504

Congure Metric Values............................................................................................................................................... 504

Maximum Values in the Routing Table.................................................................................................................. 504

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................504

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................506

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 507

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 509

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 509

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 509

LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................510

Conguring LACP Commands................................................................................................................................510

LACP Conguration Tasks..............................................................................................................................................511

Creating a LAG.......................................................................................................................................................... 511

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic..........................................................................................................511

Contents

17

Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................ 512

Monitoring and Debugging LACP...........................................................................................................................512

Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................................................................... 513

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................................513

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking............................................................................................515

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................. 515

Congure a LAG on ALPHA....................................................................................................................................515

28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................524

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 524

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 524

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................524

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................525

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 525

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................525

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 526

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................526

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 526

mac learning-limit station-move.............................................................................................................................527

mac learning-limit no-station-move.......................................................................................................................527

Learning Limit Violation Actions............................................................................................................................. 527

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 528

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 528

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.................................................................................................529

Enabling port security............................................................................................................................................. 529

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 529

Congure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 530

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................ 532

Far-End Failure Detection.............................................................................................................................................533

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................534

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 535

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 535

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................536

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 538

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................538

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 538

Optional TLVs.................................................................................................................................................................539

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 539

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 541

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................541

Congure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 545

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................545

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 545

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................546

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 546

18

Contents

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................546

Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 547

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................547

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 547

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 547

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 549

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Neighbors................................................................................549

Examples of Viewing Information Advertised by Neighbors.............................................................................. 549

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals......................................................................................................................................551

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................552

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 552

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................553

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 554

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing..........................................................................................................560

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................560

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................560

Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 561

Microsoft Clustering...................................................................................................................................................... 561

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 561

Conguring a Switch for NLB ......................................................................................................................................561

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 562

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................563

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................563

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................564

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 565

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................565

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................565

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................569

Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 570

Viewing the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................570

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................570

Clearing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 571

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................ 571

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check.......................................................................................571

Specifying Source-Active Messages........................................................................................................................... 574

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................575

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................575

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 576

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................576

Logging Changes in Peership States........................................................................................................................... 577

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................. 577

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................578

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 578

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................579

Contents

19

Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 580

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding......................................................................................................... 581

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages...............................................................................................581

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................583

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................ 586

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................586

Spanning Tree Variations...............................................................................................................................................587

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................587

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................ 587

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................588

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 588

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................588

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 589

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection................................................................................................................................590

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................590

Changing the Region Name or Revision......................................................................................................................591

Modifying Global Parameters........................................................................................................................................591

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................592

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 593

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 594

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................594

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................595

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 598

33 Multicast Features...................................................................................................................................600

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................600

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 600

Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................................601

IPv4 Multicast Policies.............................................................................................................................................601

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 608

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 609

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 609

Supported Error Codes..................................................................................................................................................610

mtrace Scenarios............................................................................................................................................................ 611

34 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................ 617

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................. 617

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 618

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 618

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes....................................................................................................................................619

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 620

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 620

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 620

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 620

20

Contents

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