QNAP TS-h2477XU-RP User guide

TS-h2477XU-RP
QNAP
Brand
QNAP
Model
TS-h2477XU-RP
Category
NAS & storage servers
Type
User guide
QuTS hero h5.1.x
User Guide
Document Version: 2
25/07/2023
Contents
1. Overview
About QuTS hero......................................................................................................................................................11
What's New in QuTS hero....................................................................................................................................... 11
QuTS hero initialization...........................................................................................................................................12
Initializing QuTS hero using Qnder Pro......................................................................................................... 12
Initializing QuTS hero using the cloud installation website...........................................................................14
NAS access................................................................................................................................................................16
Accessing the NAS using a browser..................................................................................................................17
Accessing the NAS using Qnder Pro...............................................................................................................17
Accessing the NAS using Qmanager................................................................................................................ 18
QuTS hero navigation..............................................................................................................................................18
Task Bar................................................................................................................................................................ 19
Main Menu........................................................................................................................................................... 28
Desktop................................................................................................................................................................ 29
Password management.......................................................................................................................................... 33
Changing the password..................................................................................................................................... 33
Enabling the password reset option.................................................................................................................34
Logging out of your account from multiple places.........................................................................................34
2-step verication.................................................................................................................................................... 34
Enabling 2-step verication with a security code (TOTP)............................................................................... 35
Enabling 2-step verication with a QR code.................................................................................................... 36
Enabling 2-step verication with a login approval..........................................................................................38
Enabling 2-step verication with an online verication code........................................................................39
Logging in with 2-step verication................................................................................................................... 40
Enforcing 2-step verication..............................................................................................................................43
Disabling 2-step verication.............................................................................................................................. 43
Passwordless login.................................................................................................................................................. 44
Enabling passwordless login with a QR code.................................................................................................. 44
Enabling passwordless login with a login approval........................................................................................45
Logging in without your password...................................................................................................................46
Disabling passwordless login............................................................................................................................ 47
Support and other resources................................................................................................................................. 48
2. Getting Started
Storing data..............................................................................................................................................................49
Accessing data..........................................................................................................................................................49
Backing Up Data...................................................................................................................................................... 50
Conguring privilege settings................................................................................................................................50
Setting up remote access........................................................................................................................................51
Acquiring Apps and Licenses..................................................................................................................................51
Securing the NAS..................................................................................................................................................... 52
3. System Settings
General settings.......................................................................................................................................................54
Conguring system administration settings................................................................................................... 54
Conguring time settings.................................................................................................................................. 56
Conguring daylight saving time......................................................................................................................57
Conguring codepage settings.........................................................................................................................57
Conguring region settings...............................................................................................................................58
Conguring the login screen.............................................................................................................................58
Conguring console management................................................................................................................... 58
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Security..................................................................................................................................................................... 58
Conguring the allow/deny list......................................................................................................................... 59
Conguring IP access protection...................................................................................................................... 59
Conguring account access protection............................................................................................................60
SSL certicate & private key...............................................................................................................................60
Conguring the password policy...................................................................................................................... 63
Hardware.................................................................................................................................................................. 64
Conguring general hardware settings........................................................................................................... 64
Conguring audio alert settings....................................................................................................................... 65
Conguring the backup battery unit (BBU) settings...................................................................................... 65
Conguring smart fan settings......................................................................................................................... 66
Conguring hardware resource settings......................................................................................................... 66
Power........................................................................................................................................................................ 69
Conguring EuP mode....................................................................................................................................... 69
Enabling or disabling Wake-on-LAN (WOL)......................................................................................................69
Conguring the power recovery settings........................................................................................................ 69
Conguring the power schedule.......................................................................................................................70
Firmware update......................................................................................................................................................70
Firmware update requirements........................................................................................................................ 71
Checking for updates..........................................................................................................................................72
Updating the rmware automatically.............................................................................................................. 73
Updating the rmware manually......................................................................................................................74
Updating the rmware using Qnder Pro....................................................................................................... 75
Backup/Restore........................................................................................................................................................76
Backing up system settings............................................................................................................................... 77
Restoring system settings..................................................................................................................................77
System reset and restore to factory default.................................................................................................... 77
External device......................................................................................................................................................... 79
Uninterruptible power upply (UPS)...................................................................................................................79
Conguring USB settings...................................................................................................................................81
System status........................................................................................................................................................... 82
Resource Monitor.................................................................................................................................................... 83
4. Privilege Settings
Users..........................................................................................................................................................................84
Default administrator account.......................................................................................................................... 84
Creating a Local User..........................................................................................................................................86
Creating Multiple Users......................................................................................................................................89
User account lists................................................................................................................................................ 90
Importing Users.................................................................................................................................................. 91
Exporting users................................................................................................................................................... 92
Modifying user account information................................................................................................................93
Deleting Users..................................................................................................................................................... 95
Home folders....................................................................................................................................................... 95
User groups..............................................................................................................................................................96
Default user groups............................................................................................................................................96
Creating a user group.........................................................................................................................................96
Modifying user group information................................................................................................................... 97
Deleting user groups..........................................................................................................................................98
Delegated administration.......................................................................................................................................98
Delegated roles and permission restrictions...................................................................................................98
Assigning delegated roles to users.................................................................................................................100
Removing delegated roles from users........................................................................................................... 101
Viewing user permissions................................................................................................................................ 102
Exporting a delegation list...............................................................................................................................102
Importing a delegation list.............................................................................................................................. 102
Shared folders........................................................................................................................................................103
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Default shared folders......................................................................................................................................103
Creating a shared folder.................................................................................................................................. 104
Editing Shared Folder Properties.................................................................................................................... 109
Refreshing a shared folder.............................................................................................................................. 111
Removing shared folders.................................................................................................................................111
ISO shared folders............................................................................................................................................ 111
Shared folder permissions...............................................................................................................................113
Folder aggregation........................................................................................................................................... 116
Shared Folder Encryption.................................................................................................................................119
Shared folder access.........................................................................................................................................120
Quota...................................................................................................................................................................... 125
Enabling quotas................................................................................................................................................ 126
Editing quota settings...................................................................................................................................... 126
Exporting quota settings..................................................................................................................................127
Quota conicts.................................................................................................................................................. 127
Domain security.....................................................................................................................................................127
Active Directory (AD) authentication.............................................................................................................. 128
Azure Active Directory Single Sign-On (SSO)................................................................................................. 131
LDAP authentication.........................................................................................................................................132
AD and LDAP management............................................................................................................................. 134
Domain controller..................................................................................................................................................135
Enabling a domain controller.......................................................................................................................... 136
Resetting a domain controller.........................................................................................................................137
Default domain user accounts........................................................................................................................ 137
Creating a domain user....................................................................................................................................137
Creating multiple domain users......................................................................................................................138
Domain user account lists................................................................................................................................139
Modifying domain user account information................................................................................................141
Deleting domain users..................................................................................................................................... 142
Domain user groups.........................................................................................................................................143
Computers......................................................................................................................................................... 144
DNS..................................................................................................................................................................... 146
Back up/restore.................................................................................................................................................148
5. Services
Antivirus..................................................................................................................................................................150
Enabling antivirus............................................................................................................................................. 150
Scanning shared folders.................................................................................................................................. 150
Managing scan jobs..........................................................................................................................................152
Managing reported scan jobs......................................................................................................................... 152
Managing quarantined les............................................................................................................................ 153
Servers.................................................................................................................................................................... 154
Web server.........................................................................................................................................................154
LDAP server........................................................................................................................................................157
MariaDB server..................................................................................................................................................158
Syslog server......................................................................................................................................................164
RADIUS server................................................................................................................................................... 167
Enabling the TFTP server..................................................................................................................................169
Enabling the NTP server...................................................................................................................................170
6. File Station
About File Station...................................................................................................................................................171
System requirements....................................................................................................................................... 171
File Station user interface................................................................................................................................ 171
Supported le formats..................................................................................................................................... 175
File and Folder Operations................................................................................................................................... 176
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Uploading les and folders..............................................................................................................................178
Downloading les and folders.........................................................................................................................178
Viewing le or folder properties..................................................................................................................... 179
Modifying le or folder permissions.............................................................................................................. 179
Opening a le.................................................................................................................................................... 181
Opening Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint les using the Chrome extension...............................181
Opening a text le using text editor...............................................................................................................182
Viewing a le in Google Docs.......................................................................................................................... 182
Viewing a le in Microsoft Oce Online........................................................................................................ 183
Opening image les using Image2PDF..........................................................................................................183
Viewing storage information...........................................................................................................................183
Viewing Qsync folders...................................................................................................................................... 184
Managing share links....................................................................................................................................... 184
Viewing les and folders shared with me......................................................................................................185
Sorting les and folders................................................................................................................................... 185
Copying les and folders................................................................................................................................. 185
Moving les and folders...................................................................................................................................187
Renaming les or folders.................................................................................................................................188
Compressing les and folders.........................................................................................................................189
Extracting compressed les or folders...........................................................................................................189
Deleting a le.....................................................................................................................................................190
Restoring a deleted le.................................................................................................................................... 191
Encrypting les..................................................................................................................................................191
Decrypting les................................................................................................................................................. 192
Mounting an ISO le.........................................................................................................................................192
Unmounting an ISO le....................................................................................................................................193
Creating a folder............................................................................................................................................... 193
Creating a desktop shortcut............................................................................................................................ 194
Adding a folder to Favorites............................................................................................................................ 194
Removing a folder from Favorites.................................................................................................................. 194
Sharing a le or folder by email...................................................................................................................... 195
Sharing a le or folder on a social network...................................................................................................197
Sharing a le or folder using share links....................................................................................................... 198
Sharing a le or folder with a NAS user......................................................................................................... 200
Creating a shared folder.................................................................................................................................. 202
Sharing space with a new user........................................................................................................................207
Locking or unlocking an encrypted shared folder........................................................................................208
Playing an audio le......................................................................................................................................... 209
Playing a video le............................................................................................................................................ 209
Playing a video le using CAYIN MediaSign Player.......................................................................................209
Opening a 360-degree image or video le.................................................................................................... 210
Streaming to a Network Media Player........................................................................................................... 210
Adding a le or folder to the transcoding folder.......................................................................................... 211
Canceling or deleting transcoding..................................................................................................................212
Viewing transcode information.......................................................................................................................212
Keeping a folder or a le in reserved cache.................................................................................................. 213
Converting Apple iWork les to Microsoft Oce les..................................................................................214
Removing a folder from reserved cache........................................................................................................ 214
File Station searches..............................................................................................................................................215
Searching for les and folders........................................................................................................................ 215
Using Advanced Search to Search for Files and Folders.............................................................................. 216
Using the Smart File Filter to search for les and folders............................................................................216
Other tasks............................................................................................................................................................. 217
Removing background tasks........................................................................................................................... 217
Modifying general settings..............................................................................................................................217
Modifying le transfer settings.......................................................................................................................218
Modifying multimedia settings....................................................................................................................... 219
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Modifying document settings......................................................................................................................... 219
Modifying le operations settings.................................................................................................................. 220
Modifying third-party service settings........................................................................................................... 220
7. Storage & Snapshots
QNAP exible storage architecture..................................................................................................................... 222
Global settings....................................................................................................................................................... 223
Storage global settings.................................................................................................................................... 223
Disk health global settings.............................................................................................................................. 224
Snapshot global settings..................................................................................................................................226
Storage....................................................................................................................................................................227
Disks................................................................................................................................................................... 227
Storage pools.....................................................................................................................................................237
Shared folders................................................................................................................................................... 248
RAID....................................................................................................................................................................260
Self-encrypting drives (SEDs)...........................................................................................................................265
Expansion units......................................................................................................................................................269
Expansion unit actions..................................................................................................................................... 270
Expansion unit recovery...................................................................................................................................270
QNAP external RAID devices........................................................................................................................... 270
QNAP JBOD enclosures.....................................................................................................................................279
Licensing for third-party expansion units......................................................................................................281
Snapshots............................................................................................................................................................... 281
Snapshot storage limitations...........................................................................................................................281
Snapshot creation.............................................................................................................................................282
Snapshot management....................................................................................................................................283
Snapshot data recovery................................................................................................................................... 285
Snapshot clone..................................................................................................................................................288
Snapshot Replica...............................................................................................................................................290
SnapSync.................................................................................................................................................................301
SnapSync requirements................................................................................................................................... 302
SnapSync restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 302
SnapSync job creation...................................................................................................................................... 303
SnapSync management................................................................................................................................... 308
Cache acceleration.................................................................................................................................................312
Cache acceleration requirements................................................................................................................... 312
Creating the SSD cache.................................................................................................................................... 313
Conguring SSD cache disks........................................................................................................................... 315
Conguring cached storage............................................................................................................................ 315
Removing the SSD cache..................................................................................................................................316
External storage.....................................................................................................................................................316
External storage device actions...................................................................................................................... 316
External storage partition actions.................................................................................................................. 316
Formatting an external storage disk or partition......................................................................................... 316
Remote disk............................................................................................................................................................318
Remote disk limitations....................................................................................................................................318
Adding a remote disk....................................................................................................................................... 318
Remote disk actions..........................................................................................................................................320
VJBOD (Virtual JBOD)............................................................................................................................................. 320
VJBOD requirements.........................................................................................................................................321
VJBOD limitations..............................................................................................................................................321
VJBOD automatic reconnection.......................................................................................................................322
VJBOD creation.................................................................................................................................................. 322
VJBOD management.........................................................................................................................................326
VJBOD Cloud........................................................................................................................................................... 328
Installing VJBOD Cloud..................................................................................................................................... 328
VJBOD Cloud volume and LUN creation......................................................................................................... 329
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VJBOD Cloud management..............................................................................................................................341
Transfer resources............................................................................................................................................ 344
Event logs...........................................................................................................................................................345
VJBOD Cloud licenses........................................................................................................................................345
8. iSCSI & Fibre Channel
Storage limits......................................................................................................................................................... 347
iSCSI storage limits........................................................................................................................................... 347
Fibre Channel storage limits............................................................................................................................347
iSCSI & Fibre Channel global settings................................................................................................................. 347
LUNs........................................................................................................................................................................ 348
Creating a block-based LUN............................................................................................................................ 348
Managing LUN encryption...............................................................................................................................351
LUN import and export.................................................................................................................................... 352
iSCSI.........................................................................................................................................................................355
Getting started with iSCSI................................................................................................................................ 356
iSCSI performance optimization..................................................................................................................... 356
iSCSI targets.......................................................................................................................................................356
iSCSI LUN management................................................................................................................................... 361
iSCSI access control list.................................................................................................................................... 363
iSCSI target authorization................................................................................................................................365
QNAP Snapshot Agent......................................................................................................................................366
Fibre Channel......................................................................................................................................................... 367
Fibre Channel ports.......................................................................................................................................... 367
Fibre Channel storage...................................................................................................................................... 370
Fibre Channel WWPN aliases...........................................................................................................................371
9. ZFS Pool Proling Tool
Installing ZFS Pool Proling Tool......................................................................................................................... 375
Storage pool over-provisioning........................................................................................................................... 375
Creating a storage pool over-provisioning test................................................................................................. 375
Test reports.............................................................................................................................................................376
Settings................................................................................................................................................................... 377
10. Network & Virtual Switch
About Network & Virtual Switch.......................................................................................................................... 378
Parts of the user interface.................................................................................................................................... 378
Basic network adapter conguration..................................................................................................................379
Conguring IPv4 settings................................................................................................................................ 380
Conguring IPv6 settings................................................................................................................................ 381
Conguring the system default gateway.......................................................................................................382
Conguring static route settings.................................................................................................................... 382
IP addressing services conguration.................................................................................................................. 384
Conguring DNS server settings.....................................................................................................................384
Conguring DHCP server settings ................................................................................................................. 384
Adding DHCP clients to a DHCP server.......................................................................................................... 387
Conguring RADVD server settings................................................................................................................388
Conguring DDNS service settings.................................................................................................................390
LAN switching conguration................................................................................................................................ 391
Conguring VLAN settings...............................................................................................................................391
Conguring port trunking settings.................................................................................................................392
Virtual switch conguration................................................................................................................................. 393
Creating a virtual switch in basic mode......................................................................................................... 394
Creating a virtual switch in advanced mode................................................................................................. 394
Creating a virtual switch in software-dened switch mode........................................................................ 397
Network policies conguration............................................................................................................................398
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Conguring Forward Error Correction (FEC) settings...................................................................................398
Wireless network conguration...........................................................................................................................399
Adding a wireless network...............................................................................................................................399
Enabling Wi-Fi....................................................................................................................................................400
Connecting to a wireless network ..................................................................................................................401
Understanding the wireless connection messages......................................................................................407
Accessing the wireless access point (AP) settings.........................................................................................408
USB QuickAccess conguration........................................................................................................................... 408
Enabling USB QuickAccess ..............................................................................................................................409
Conguring the USB QuickAccess IP address .............................................................................................. 409
Conguring USB QuickAccess authentication ..............................................................................................410
Thunderbolt interface conguration...................................................................................................................410
Enabling T2E with Qnder Pro........................................................................................................................ 411
Enabling T2E on macOS................................................................................................................................... 411
Updating the rmware of a network expansion card....................................................................................... 411
11. Network & File Services
About Network & File Services............................................................................................................................. 413
QNAP service ports................................................................................................................................................413
Conguring network access settings..................................................................................................................414
Conguring service binding settings .............................................................................................................415
Conguring proxy server settings.................................................................................................................. 415
Conguring reverse proxy rule settings........................................................................................................ 416
Modifying reverse proxy rules.........................................................................................................................417
Conguring network protocol settings...............................................................................................................418
Conguring telnet connections.......................................................................................................................418
Conguring SSH connections..........................................................................................................................419
Editing SSH access permissions...................................................................................................................... 419
Conguring SNMP settings..............................................................................................................................420
Downloading the SNMP MIB........................................................................................................................... 421
Conguring le sharing protocol settings..........................................................................................................422
Conguring Samba (Microsoft networking) settings................................................................................... 422
Conguring AFP (Apple networking) settings............................................................................................... 425
Conguring NFS service settings.................................................................................................................... 425
Accessing FTP (QuFTP Service) settings......................................................................................................... 427
Conguring WebDAV settings......................................................................................................................... 427
Enabling service discovery settings.....................................................................................................................430
Enabling the UPnP discovery service..............................................................................................................430
Enabling the Bonjour discovery service......................................................................................................... 430
Enabling the Qnder discovery service..........................................................................................................430
Recycle Bin management..................................................................................................................................... 430
Conguring the Recycle Bin settings..............................................................................................................431
Deleting all les in the Recycle Bin................................................................................................................. 431
Restricting access to the Recycle Bin..............................................................................................................431
12. myQNAPcloud
Initial setup.............................................................................................................................................................432
Creating a QNAP ID.......................................................................................................................................... 432
Creating an organization................................................................................................................................. 433
Setting up myQNAPcloud and AMIZ Cloud for the NAS...............................................................................434
Basic operations and service statuses................................................................................................................ 435
Access management............................................................................................................................................. 436
Conguring device access controls for stand-alone devices.......................................................................436
Conguring device access controls for organization devices..................................................................... 436
Enabling myQNAPcloud Link...........................................................................................................................437
Restoring the AMIZ Cloud Agent connection................................................................................................ 437
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Conguring DDNS settings..............................................................................................................................438
Conguring UPnP port forwarding.................................................................................................................438
Installing an SSL certicate..............................................................................................................................439
13. App Center
Navigation.............................................................................................................................................................. 441
Left panel........................................................................................................................................................... 441
Toolbar............................................................................................................................................................... 441
Main area........................................................................................................................................................... 442
App management..................................................................................................................................................443
Viewing app information..................................................................................................................................443
Buying an app license.......................................................................................................................................444
Installing an app from App Center................................................................................................................. 444
Installing an app manually.............................................................................................................................. 445
Updating an app............................................................................................................................................... 446
Batch updating multiple apps......................................................................................................................... 446
Enabling or disabling an app...........................................................................................................................446
Migrating an app...............................................................................................................................................447
Granting or denying user access to an app...................................................................................................447
Uninstalling an app...........................................................................................................................................447
App Center settings...............................................................................................................................................448
Adding an app repository................................................................................................................................ 448
Conguring app update settings.................................................................................................................... 448
Digital signatures..............................................................................................................................................449
Enabling installation of apps without digital signatures..............................................................................449
14. Licenses
About QNAP licenses.............................................................................................................................................451
License types and plans................................................................................................................................... 451
Validity period....................................................................................................................................................451
License portals and utility.....................................................................................................................................452
Software Store................................................................................................................................................... 452
License Center...................................................................................................................................................452
License Manager...............................................................................................................................................452
Buying a license using QNAP ID.......................................................................................................................... 453
License activation.................................................................................................................................................. 454
Activating a license using QNAP ID................................................................................................................ 454
Activating a license using a license key..........................................................................................................456
Activating a license using a product key or PAK............................................................................................457
Activating a license oine............................................................................................................................... 458
License deactivation..............................................................................................................................................459
Deactivating a license using QNAP ID............................................................................................................459
Deactivating a license oine...........................................................................................................................460
License extension.................................................................................................................................................. 461
Extending a license using QNAP ID................................................................................................................ 461
Extending a license oine using an unused license.................................................................................... 462
Extending a license oine using a product key............................................................................................463
Upgrading a license...............................................................................................................................................465
Viewing license information.................................................................................................................................466
Recovering licenses............................................................................................................................................... 467
Transferring a license to the new QNAP license server.................................................................................... 467
Deleting a license...................................................................................................................................................468
15. Multimedia
HybridDesk Station (HD Station)..........................................................................................................................469
Installing HD Station.........................................................................................................................................470
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Conguring HD Station.................................................................................................................................... 470
HD Station applications....................................................................................................................................471
Using HD Player in HD Station........................................................................................................................ 471
DLNA Media Server................................................................................................................................................472
Enabling and conguring DLNA media server..............................................................................................472
Conguring DLNA Media Server..................................................................................................................... 472
Media Streaming Add-on......................................................................................................................................472
Conguring general settings...........................................................................................................................473
Conguring browsing settings........................................................................................................................474
Conguring media receivers........................................................................................................................... 474
Multimedia Console...............................................................................................................................................475
Overview............................................................................................................................................................ 475
Content Management...................................................................................................................................... 475
Indexing............................................................................................................................................................. 476
Thumbnail Generation..................................................................................................................................... 477
Transcoding....................................................................................................................................................... 480
Multimedia app suite........................................................................................................................................485
16. QuLog Center
Monitoring logs......................................................................................................................................................488
Event log............................................................................................................................................................ 488
Access logs.........................................................................................................................................................489
Local device logs.................................................................................................................................................... 489
Local event logs.................................................................................................................................................490
Local access logs............................................................................................................................................... 492
Online users.......................................................................................................................................................495
Creating a custom lter tab for local device logs..........................................................................................496
Local log settings.............................................................................................................................................. 499
QuLog Service........................................................................................................................................................ 504
Conguring log sender settings..................................................................................................................... 504
Conguring log reciever settings....................................................................................................................505
Viewing and managing remote logs...............................................................................................................509
Notication settings.............................................................................................................................................. 517
Conguring notication rule settings............................................................................................................ 517
Adding a log lter............................................................................................................................................. 518
Editing a log lter..............................................................................................................................................519
Removing a log lter........................................................................................................................................ 519
17. Notication Center
About Notication Center.....................................................................................................................................521
Parts of the user interface.................................................................................................................................... 521
Managing notication queue and history.......................................................................................................... 522
Service account and device pairing..................................................................................................................... 523
Email notications............................................................................................................................................ 523
SMS notications...............................................................................................................................................526
Instant messaging notications......................................................................................................................527
Push notications............................................................................................................................................. 528
System notication rules...................................................................................................................................... 529
Managing event notication rules..................................................................................................................529
Creating an event notication rule.................................................................................................................530
Managing alert notication rules................................................................................................................... 533
Creating an alert notication rule...................................................................................................................534
Settings................................................................................................................................................................... 537
Enabling the sending of Notication Center data to QNAP.........................................................................537
Disabling the sending of Notication Center Data to QNAP....................................................................... 537
Global notication settings.................................................................................................................................. 538
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Event logs............................................................................................................................................................... 538
18. Malware Remover
About Malware Remover...................................................................................................................................... 541
Overview................................................................................................................................................................. 541
Running a malware scan.......................................................................................................................................541
Running a scheduled scan....................................................................................................................................542
Conguring Malware Remover............................................................................................................................542
19. Helpdesk
Overview................................................................................................................................................................. 544
Conguring settings.........................................................................................................................................544
Help request...........................................................................................................................................................544
Submitting a ticket............................................................................................................................................545
Remote support..................................................................................................................................................... 546
Enabling Remote Support................................................................................................................................546
Extending remote support...............................................................................................................................546
Disabling remote support................................................................................................................................546
Diagnostic Tool.......................................................................................................................................................547
Downloading logs............................................................................................................................................. 547
Performing an HDD standby test....................................................................................................................547
Performing an HDD Stress Test.......................................................................................................................547
20. Console Management
Enabling Secure Shell (SSH)..................................................................................................................................548
Enabling SSH on the NAS................................................................................................................................. 548
Enabling SSH on the NAS using Qnder Pro................................................................................................. 548
Accessing Console Management.........................................................................................................................548
Accessing Console Management from Windows..........................................................................................548
Accessing Console Management from Mac...................................................................................................549
Logging In to Console Management...................................................................................................................549
Managing existing applications...........................................................................................................................549
Activating or deactivating a license.....................................................................................................................550
Sorting and ltering system logs.........................................................................................................................551
Showing network settings.................................................................................................................................... 553
Restoring or reinitializing the device...................................................................................................................553
Rebooting the NAS................................................................................................................................................ 553
Rebooting the device into rescue mode........................................................................................................ 553
Rebooting the device into maintenance mode............................................................................................. 554
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1. Overview
About QuTS hero
QuTS hero is a Linux-based operating system that runs applications for le management, virtualization,
surveillance, multimedia, and other purposes. The optimized kernel and various services eciently manage
system resources, support applications, and protect your data. QuTS hero also has built-in utilities that
extend the functionality and improve the performance of the NAS.
QuTS hero uses the advanced ZFS le system, which oers features such as inline data duplication,
compression, compaction, self healing, and multi-level caching to ensure data integrity and high
performance.
The multi-window, multitasking user interface helps you to manage the NAS, user accounts, data, and apps.
Out of the box, QuTS hero provides built-in features that allow you to easily store and share les. QuTS hero
also contains App Center, which oers additional downloadable applications for customizing the NAS and
improving user workows.
What's New in QuTS hero
To see more new features and enhancements, go to https://www.qnap.com/go/release-notes/.
QuTS hero h5.1.0
• You can now expand a storage pool by adding disks to expand an existing RAID group within the pool.
When expanding the RAID group, users can also migrate the RAID group to a dierent RAID type.
• You can now allow SMB 3.x clients to establish multiple network connections simultaneously to an SMB
le share.
• QuTS hero now supports the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Galois Message Authentication Code
(GMAC) cipher suite for SMB signing.
• QuTS hero now supports Delegated Administration, which allows administrators to delegate various
roles to general users, so that they can perform routine tasks, control their data, manage system
resources, and monitor device status even when IT administrators are not available.
• QuTS hero now also supports more verication methods for 2-step verication. In addition to a security
code (TOTP), you can also choose to scan a QR code, approve a login request, or enter an online
verication code to add an extra layer of security to protect your NAS account.
• QuTS hero now supports passwordless login, which replaces your password with a more secure
verication method. Instead of entering a password, you can scan a QR code or approve a login
request with your mobile device to verify your identify.
• You can now add the NAS to an organization when setting up the myQNAPcloud service for your NAS.
• Predictive Migration is a major improvement over the original Predictive S.M.A.R.T. Migration feature in
Storage & Snapshots. This upgrade now allows users to specify multiple trigger events that prompt the
system to automatically replace a disk before it fails.
• With the new Recent Files feature in File Station, you can now easily locate les that were recently
uploaded, opened, or deleted.
• File Station now integrates Qsirch, allowing you to search for le content using keywords, and also
search for multiple le types using these keywords at the same time.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 11
• You can now congure an individual folder to inherit permissions from its parent folder or to remove
the inherited permissions anytime.
• The automatic rmware update settings have been streamlined for better usability.
• You can now log out of your account on all devices, browsers, and applications at once.
• You can now edit and enable or disable existing power schedules in Control Panel.
• You can now congure a schedule for automatic installations of app updates.
• You now need to enter a verication code when resetting your password if you forgot your password.
• Added support for disk failure prediction from ULINK's DA Drive Analyzer.
• Encrypted LUNs are now supported in VJBOD, SnapSync, Snapshot Replica, and snapshot import/export
operations.
• Network & Virtual Switch can now record event logs when the system identies conicting IP addresses
between the local device and another device on the same network.
• You can now congure the MAC address when creating or modifying a virtual switch.
QuTS hero initialization
Initializing QuTS hero using Qnder Pro
You can initialize QuTS hero using Qnder Pro, which is an utility designed to help you locate and manage
QNAP devices on your network.
Warning
Installing QuTS hero deletes all data on the drives. Back up your data before proceeding.
1. Power on the device.
2. Connect the device to your local area network.
3. Run Qnder Pro on a computer that is connected to the same local area network.
Note
To download Qnder Pro, go to https://www.qnap.com/utilities.
4. Locate the NAS in the list and then double-click the name or IP address.
The Smart Installation Guide opens in the default web browser.
5. If the screen shows a dierent operating system, click QuTS hero.
Note
This step is only required if the NAS supports installing more than one operating system and
the default operating system for installation is not QuTS hero.
The NAS restarts and the smart installation screen shows QuTS hero as the operating system to install.
6. Click Start Smart Installation Guide.
The Install Firmware window appears.
7. Install rmware using any of the following methods:
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 12
Installation methods Steps
Automatic Click Start.
Automatically searches for available rmware updates and installs rmware.
Manual installation a. Click Manual Installation.
The Install Firmware window appears.
b. Click Browse.
The upload le window appears.
c. Select le.
d. Click Open.
Starts rmware installation.
Skip Click Skip.
Skips rmware installation.
8. Specify the following information
•NAS name: Specify a name with 1 to 14 characters. The name supports letters (A to Z, a to z),
numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), but cannot end with a hyphen.
•Username: Specify an administrator username that contains 1 to 32 characters. The name can
contain letters (A to Z, a to z), numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), multi-byte Chinese, Japanese,
Korean, and Russian characters.
The username cannot contain the following special characters: grave accent (`), asterisk (*), equal
sign (=), plus sign (+), square brackets ([ ]), curly brackets ({}), slash (\), vertical bar (|), semicolon
(;), colon (:), apostrophe ('), quotation mark ("), comma (,), less than sign (< ), greater than sign (>),
backslash (/), question mark (?), percent sign (%), dollar sign ($), and the space character.
Important
To protect your NAS from brute force attacks, create a new system administrator account
during QuTS hero initialization to disable the default "admin" account.
•Password: Specify an administrator password with 1 to 64 characters. The password supports all
ASCII characters.
9. Click Next.
10. Specify the time zone, date, and time.
Tip
QNAP recommends connecting to an NTP server to ensure that the NAS follows the
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) standard.
11. Click Next.
The Congure the network settings screen appears.
12. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP).
13. Click Next.
14. Review the settings.
15. Click Apply.
A conrmation message appears.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 13
Warning
Clicking Initialize deletes all data on the drive before installing QuTS hero.
16. Click Initialize.
QuTS hero initialization starts. It may take a few minutes to complete the process.
After the initialization, you can click Go to NAS Management to start using QuTS hero and conguring
other settings.
Initializing QuTS hero using the cloud installation website
You can initialize QuTS hero on the cloud installation website, which is designed to help you set up QNAP
devices.
Warning
Initializing QuTS hero deletes all data on the drives. Back up your data before proceeding.
1. Power on the device.
2. Connect the device to the internet.
3. Go to the QNAP Cloud Installation website using one of the following methods:
• On your computer, go to the website dedicated to your region.
• Global: https://install.qnap.com
• China: https://install.qnap.com.cn
• Or scan the QR code on the NAS using a mobile device.
The web page lists all the uninitialized QNAP NAS devices on the local network.
4. Find your NAS from the list and then click Initialize.
Tip
If your NAS is connected to the Internet, you can also go to https://install.qnap.com/set to
enter the Cloud Key printed on the NAS. This allows you to initialize the NAS even if your NAS
and your computer are not on the same network.
The installation wizard opens in the default web browser.
5. Create an account or sign in to myQNAPcloud.
Note
You must return to this page to complete the installation after creating an account.
6. Specify the myQNAPcloud device name for the NAS.
Note
• The myQNAPcloud device name is used when remotely accessing the NAS.
• For security purposes, the myQNAPcloud Link remote connection service will be disabled
on your NAS after initialization. You can enable it by connecting to QuTS hero through LAN
and then installing myQNAPcloud Link.
7. Click Next.
The Smart Installation Guide opens in the default web browser.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 14
8. Perform any of the following actions.
• To check for the latest available version, click Start.
The wizard downloads the latest available version, and then the NAS restarts after the download
is complete. If a newer version is not available, the wizard automatically displays the Smart
Installation Guide.
• To install the out-of-the-box version, click Skip.
• If the screen shows a dierent operating system, click QuTS hero.
The NAS restarts and the smart installation screen shows QuTS hero as the operating system to
install.
9. Click Start Smart Installation Guide.
The Install Firmware window appears.
10. Install rmware using any of the following methods:
Installation methods Steps
Automatic Click Start.
Automatically searches for available rmware updates and installs rmware.
Manual installation a. Click Manual Installation.
The Install Firmware window appears.
b. Click Browse.
The upload le window appears.
c. Select le.
d. Click Open.
Starts rmware installation.
Skip Click Skip.
Skips rmware installation.
11. Specify the following information
•NAS name: Specify a name with 1 to 14 characters. The name supports letters (A to Z, a to z),
numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), but cannot end with a hyphen.
•Username: Specify an administrator username that contains 1 to 32 characters. The name can
contain letters (A to Z, a to z), numbers (0 to 9), and hyphens (-), multi-byte Chinese, Japanese,
Korean, and Russian characters.
The username cannot contain the following special characters: grave accent (`), asterisk (*), equal
sign (=), plus sign (+), square brackets ([ ]), curly brackets ({}), slash (\), vertical bar (|), semicolon
(;), colon (:), apostrophe ('), quotation mark ("), comma (,), less than sign (< ), greater than sign (>),
backslash (/), question mark (?), percent sign (%), dollar sign ($), and the space character.
Important
To protect your NAS from brute force attacks, create a new system administrator account
during QuTS hero initialization to disable the default "admin" account.
•Password: Specify an administrator password with 1 to 64 characters. The password supports all
ASCII characters.
12. Click Next.
13. Specify the time zone, date, and time.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 15
Tip
QNAP recommends connecting to an NTP server to ensure that the NAS follows the
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) standard.
14. Click Next.
The Congure the network settings screen appears.
15. Select Obtain an IP address automatically (DHCP).
16. Click Next.
17. Review the settings.
18. Click Apply.
A conrmation message appears.
Warning
Clicking Initialize deletes all data on the drive before installing QuTS hero.
19. Click Initialize.
QuTS hero initialization starts. It may take a few minutes to complete the process.
After the initialization, you can click Go to NAS Management to start using QuTS hero and conguring
other settings.
NAS access
Method Description Requirements
Web browser You can access the NAS using any
computer on the same network if you
have the following information:
• NAS name (Example: http://
example123/) or IP address
• Logon credentials of a valid user
account
For details, see Accessing the NAS using a
browser.
• A computer connected to the same
network as the NAS
• Web browser
Qnder Pro Qnder Pro is a desktop utility that
enables you to locate and access QNAP
NAS devices on a specic network. The
utility supports Windows, macOS, Linux,
and Chrome OS.
For details, see Accessing the NAS using
Qnder Pro.
• A computer connected to the same
network as the NAS
• Web browser
•Qnder Pro
Qmanager Qmanager is a mobile application that
enables administrators to manage and
monitor NAS devices on the same
network.
You can download Qmanager from the
Apple App Store and the Google Play
Store.
For details, see Accessing the NAS using
Qmanager.
• A mobile device connected to the
same network as the NAS
• Qmanager
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 16
Method Description Requirements
Explorer (Windows) You can map a NAS shared folder as a
network drive to easily access les using
Explorer.
For details, see the following topics.
•Mapping a shared folder on a
Windows computer
•Mounting a shared folder using
WebDAV on Windows
• A Windows computer connected to
the same network as the NAS
•Qnder Pro
Finder (macOS) You can mount a NAS shared folder as a
network drive to easily access les using
Finder.
For details, see the following topics.
•Mounting a shared folder on a Mac
computer
•Mounting a shared folder using
WebDAV on Mac
• A Mac computer connected to the
same network as the NAS
•Qnder Pro
Accessing the NAS using a browser
1. Verify that your computer is connected to the same network as the NAS.
2. Open a web browser on your computer.
3. Type the IP address of the NAS in the address bar.
Tip
If you do not know the IP address of the NAS, you can locate it using Qnder Pro.
For details, see Accessing the NAS using Qnder Pro.
The QuTS hero login screen appears.
4. Optional: Log in QuTS hero using HTTPS.
a. Select Secure login.
A conrmation message appears.
b. Click OK.
You will be redirected to the QuTS hero HTTPS login page.
5. Specify your username and password.
6. Click Login.
The QuTS hero desktop appears.
Accessing the NAS using Qnder Pro
1. Install Qnder Pro on a computer that is connected to the same network as the NAS.
Tip
To download Qnder Pro, go to https://www.qnap.com/go/utilities.
2. Open Qnder Pro.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 17
Qnder Pro automatically searches for all QNAP NAS devices on the network.
3. Locate the NAS in the list, and then double-click the name or IP address.
The QuTS hero login screen opens in the default web browser.
4. Specify your username and password.
5. Click Login.
The QuTS hero desktop appears.
Accessing the NAS using Qmanager
1. Install Qmanager on an Android or iOS device.
Tip
To download Qmanager, go to the Apple App Store or the Google Play Store.
2. Open Qmanager.
3. Tap Add NAS.
Qmanager automatically searches for all QNAP NAS devices on the network.
4. Locate the NAS in the list, and then tap the name or IP address.
5. Specify your username and password.
6. Optional: If your mobile device and NAS are not connected to the same subnet, perform one of the
following actions.
Action Steps
Add NAS manually a. Tap Add NAS manually.
b. Specify the following information.
• Host name or IP address of the NAS
• Password of the admin account
c. Tap Save.
Sign in using QID a. Tap Sign in QID.
b. Specify the following information.
• Email address that you used to create your QNAP account
• Password of your QNAP account
c. Tap Sign in.
d. Locate the NAS in the list, and then tap the name or IP
address.
QuTS hero navigation
There are several methods for navigating QuTS hero. You can navigate the operating system using the task
bar, left panel, main menu, and through the desktop.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 18
Task Bar
No. Element Possible User Actions
1Show Desktop Click the button to minimize or restore all open windows.
2Main Menu Click the button to open the Main Menu panel on the left side of the
desktop.
3Search • Type keywords to locate settings, applications, and help content.
• Click an entry in the search results to open the application,
system utility, or Help Center window.
Tip
App or utility search results are classied into
Systems, Application, and Help.
4Volume Control
Important
This feature is
only available
on models with
certain hardware
specications.
Click the button to view the following:
• Media Volume: Click and drag the slider thumb to adjust the
audio volume for applications that use the built-in speaker or
line-out jack.
• HD Station
• Music Station
• OceanKTV
• Audio Alert Volume: Click and drag the slider thumb to adjust the
volume of system audio alerts.
5Background Tasks • Hover over the button to see the number of ongoing background
tasks. Examples of background tasks include le backup and
multimedia conversion.
• Click the button to see the following details for each background
task:
• Task name
• Task description
• Progress (percentage of completion)
• Click to stop a task.
6External Devices • Hover over the button to view the number of external storage
devices and the number of printers that are connected to the
USB and SATA ports on the NAS.
• Click the button to view the details for each connected device.
• Click a listed device to open File Station and view the contents of
the device.
QuTS hero h5.1.x User Guide
Overview 19
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QNAP TS-h2477XU-RP User guide

TS-h2477XU-RP
QNAP
Brand
QNAP
Model
TS-h2477XU-RP
Category
NAS & storage servers
Type
User guide
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