GE P444 Technical Manual

Type
Technical Manual

This manual is also suitable for

GE Energy Connections
Grid Solutions
MiCOM P40 Agile
P442, P444
Technical Manual
Numerical Distance Protection Relay
Hardware version: M
Software version: 72
Publication reference: P44x/EN M/Hb6
CONTENTS
Section 1 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6
Section 2 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6
Section 3 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6
Section 4 Settings P44x/EN ST/Hb6
Section 5 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6
Section 6 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6
Section 7 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6
Section 8 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6
Section 9 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6
Section 10 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6
Section 11 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Ha6
Section 12 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6
Section 13 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/Hb6
Section 14 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6
Section 15 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6
Section 16 Firmware and Service Manual Version History P44x/EN VH/Hb6
TD
IT
ST
GS
AP
PL
MR
FD
CM
MT
SC
SG
IN
CS
TS
VH
Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11
SAFETY SECTION
P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section
Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11
(SS) - 1
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 3
2. HEALTH AND SAFETY 3
3. SYMBOLS AND EXTERNAL LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT 4
3.1 Symbols 4
3.2 Labels 4
4. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING 4
5. DE-COMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL 7
6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY 7
6.1 Protective fuse rating 7
6.2 Protective class 7
6.3 Installation category 7
6.4 Environment 8
P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section
(SS) - 2
Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11
(SS) - 3
STANDARD SAFETY STATEMENTS AND EXTERNAL LABEL INFORMATION
FOR ALSTOM GRID EQUIPMENT
1. INTRODUCTION
This Safety Section and the relevant equipment documentation provide full information on
safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment. This Safety Section also
includes reference to typical equipment label markings.
The technical data in this Safety Section is typical only, see the technical data section of the
relevant equipment documentation for data specific to a particular equipment.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment the user should be familiar with
the contents of this Safety Section and the ratings on the equipment’s rating
label.
Reference should be made to the external connection diagram before the equipment is
installed, commissioned or serviced.
Language specific, self-adhesive User Interface labels are provided in a bag for some
equipment.
2. HEALTH AND SAFETY
The information in the Safety Section of the equipment documentation is intended to ensure
that equipment is properly installed and handled in order to maintain it in a safe condition.
It is assumed that everyone who will be associated with the equipment will be familiar with
the contents of this Safety Section, or the Safety Guide (SFTY/4L M).
When electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltages will be present in certain parts
of the equipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may
endanger personnel and equipment and also cause personal injury or physical damage.
Before working in the terminal strip area, the equipment must be isolated.
Proper and safe operation of the equipment depends on appropriate shipping and handling,
proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and
servicing. For this reason only qualified personnel may work on or operate the equipment.
Qualified personnel are individuals who:
Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and of
the system to which it is being connected;
Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety
engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and to
isolate, ground, and label it;
Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety
engineering practices;
Are trained in emergency procedures (first aid).
The equipment documentation gives instructions for its installation, commissioning, and
operation. However, the manuals cannot cover all conceivable circumstances or include
detailed information on all topics. In the event of questions or specific problems, do not take
any action without proper authorization. Contact the appropriate Alstom Grid technical sales
office and request the necessary information.
P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section
(SS) - 4
3. SYMBOLS AND LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT
For safety reasons the following symbols which may be used on the equipment or referred to
in the equipment documentation, should be understood before it is installed or
commissioned.
3.1 Symbols
Caution: refer to equipment documentation
Caution: risk of electric shock
Protective Conductor (*Earth) terminal
Functional/Protective Conductor
(*Earth) terminal.
Note: This symbol may also be used
for a Protective Conductor
(Earth) Terminal if that
terminal is part of a terminal
block or sub-assembly e.g.
power supply.
*NOTE: THE TERM EARTH USED THROUGHOUT THIS TECHNICAL
MANUAL IS THE DIRECT EQUIVALENT OF THE NORTH
AMERICAN TERM GROUND.
3.2 Labels
See Safety Guide (SFTY/4L M) for typical equipment labeling information.
4. INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING
Equipment connections
Personnel undertaking installation, commissioning or servicing work for this
equipment should be aware of the correct working procedures to ensure safety.
The equipment documentation should be consulted before installing,
commissioning, or servicing the equipment.
Terminals exposed during installation, commissioning and maintenance may
present a hazardous voltage unless the equipment is electrically isolated.
The clamping screws of all terminal block connectors, for field wiring, using M4
screws shall be tightened to a nominal torque of 1.3 Nm.
Equipment intended for rack or panel mounting is for use on a flat surface of a
Type 1 enclosure, as defined by Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Any disassembly of the equipment may expose parts at hazardous voltage, also
electronic parts may be damaged if suitable electrostatic voltage discharge (ESD)
precautions are not taken.
If there is unlocked access to the rear of the equipment, care should be taken by
all personnel to avoid electric shock or energy hazards.
Voltage and current connections shall be made using insulated crimp terminations
to ensure that terminal block insulation requirements are maintained for safety.
Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11
(SS) - 5
Watchdog (self-monitoring) contacts are provided in numerical relays to indicate
the health of the device. Alstom Grid strongly recommends that these contacts
are hardwired into the substation's automation system, for alarm purposes.
To ensure that wires are correctly terminated the correct crimp terminal and tool
for the wire size should be used.
The equipment must be connected in accordance with the appropriate connection
diagram.
Protection Class I Equipment
- Before energizing the equipment it must be earthed using the protective
conductor terminal, if provided, or the appropriate termination of the
supply plug in the case of plug connected equipment.
- The protective conductor (earth) connection must not be removed since
the protection against electric shock provided by the equipment would be
lost.
- When the protective (earth) conductor terminal (PCT) is also used to
terminate cable screens, etc., it is essential that the integrity of the
protective (earth) conductor is checked after the addition or removal of
such functional earth connections. For M4 stud PCTs the integrity of the
protective (earth) connections should be ensured by use of a locknut or
similar.
The recommended minimum protective conductor (earth) wire size is 2.5 mm²
(3.3 mm² for North America) unless otherwise stated in the technical data section
of the equipment documentation, or otherwise required by local or country wiring
regulations.
The protective conductor (earth) connection must be low-inductance and as short
as possible.
All connections to the equipment must have a defined potential. Connections that
are pre-wired, but not used, should preferably be grounded when binary inputs
and output relays are isolated. When binary inputs and output relays are
connected to common potential, the pre-wired but unused connections should be
connected to the common potential of the grouped connections.
Before energizing the equipment, the following should be checked:
- Voltage rating/polarity (rating label/equipment documentation);
- CT circuit rating (rating label) and integrity of connections;
- Protective fuse rating;
- Integrity of the protective conductor (earth) connection (where
applicable);
- Voltage and current rating of external wiring, applicable to the application.
Accidental touching of exposed terminals
If working in an area of restricted space, such as a cubicle, where there is a risk of
electric shock due to accidental touching of terminals which do not comply with
IP20 rating, then a suitable protective barrier should be provided.
Equipment use
If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the
protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
Removal of the equipment front panel/cover
Removal of the equipment front panel/cover may expose hazardous live parts,
which must not be touched until the electrical power is removed.
P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section
(SS) - 6
UL and CSA/CUL listed or recognized equipment
To maintain UL and CSA/CUL Listing/Recognized status for North America the
equipment should be installed using UL and/or CSA Listed or Recognized parts
for the following items: connection cables, protective fuses/fuseholders or circuit
breakers, insulation crimp terminals, and replacement internal battery, as
specified in the equipment documentation.
For external protective fuses a UL or CSA Listed fuse shall be used. The Listed
type shall be a Class J time delay fuse, with a maximum current rating of 15 A and
a minimum d.c. rating of 250 Vd.c. for example type AJT15.
Where UL or CSA Listing of the equipment is not required, a high rupture capacity
(HRC) fuse type with a maximum current rating of 16 Amps and a minimum d.c.
rating of 250 Vd.c. may be used, for example Red Spot type NIT or TIA.
Equipment operating conditions
The equipment should be operated within the specified electrical and
environmental limits.
Current transformer circuits
Do not open the secondary circuit of a live CT since the high voltage produced
may be lethal to personnel and could damage insulation. Generally, for safety,
the secondary of the line CT must be shorted before opening any connections to
it.
For most equipment with ring-terminal connections, the threaded terminal block
for current transformer termination has automatic CT shorting on removal of the
module. Therefore external shorting of the CTs may not be required, the
equipment documentation should be checked to see if this applies.
For equipment with pin-terminal connections, the threaded terminal block for
current transformer termination does NOT have automatic CT shorting on removal
of the module.
External resistors, including voltage dependent resistors (VDRs)
Where external resistors, including voltage dependent resistors (VDRs), are fitted
to the equipment, these may present a risk of electric shock or burns, if touched.
Battery replacement
Where internal batteries are fitted they should be replaced with the recommended
type and be installed with the correct polarity to avoid possible damage to the
equipment, buildings and persons.
Insulation and dielectric strength testing
Insulation testing may leave capacitors charged up to a hazardous voltage. At the
end of each part of the test, the voltage should be gradually reduced to zero, to
discharge capacitors, before the test leads are disconnected.
Insertion of modules and pcb cards
Modules and PCB cards must not be inserted into or withdrawn from the
equipment whilst it is energized, since this may result in damage.
Insertion and withdrawal of extender cards
Extender cards are available for some equipment. If an extender card is used,
this should not be inserted or withdrawn from the equipment whilst it is energized.
This is to avoid possible shock or damage hazards. Hazardous live voltages may
be accessible on the extender card.
Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11
(SS) - 7
External test blocks and test plugs
Great care should be taken when using external test blocks and test plugs such
as the MMLG, MMLB and MiCOM P990 types, hazardous voltages may be
accessible when using these. *CT shorting links must be in place before the
insertion or removal of MMLB test plugs, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.
*Note: When a MiCOM P992 Test Plug is inserted into the MiCOM P991 Test
Block, the secondaries of the line CTs are automatically shorted, making
them safe.
Fiber optic communication
Where fiber optic communication devices are fitted, these should not be viewed
directly. Optical power meters should be used to determine the operation or
signal level of the device.
Cleaning
The equipment may be cleaned using a lint free cloth dampened with clean water,
when no connections are energized. Contact fingers of test plugs are normally
protected by petroleum jelly, which should not be removed.
5. DE-COMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL
De-commissioning
The supply input (auxiliary) for the equipment may include capacitors across the
supply or to earth. To avoid electric shock or energy hazards, after completely
isolating the supplies to the equipment (both poles of any dc supply), the
capacitors should be safely discharged via the external terminals prior to
de-commissioning.
Disposal
It is recommended that incineration and disposal to water courses is avoided.
The equipment should be disposed of in a safe manner. Any equipment
containing batteries should have them removed before disposal, taking
precautions to avoid short circuits. Particular regulations within the country of
operation, may apply to the disposal of the equipment.
6. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY
Unless otherwise stated in the equipment technical manual, the following data is applicable.
6.1 Protective fuse rating
The recommended maximum rating of the external protective fuse for equipments is 16A,
high rupture capacity (HRC) Red Spot type NIT, or TIA, or equivalent. The protective fuse
should be located as close to the unit as possible.
DANGER - CTs must NOT be fused since open circuiting them may
produce lethal hazardous voltages.
6.2 Protective class
IEC 60255-27: 2005 Class I (unless otherwise specified in the
equipment documentation).
EN 60255-27: 2005 This equipment requires a protective
conductor (earth) connection to ensure user safety.
P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section
(SS) - 8
6.3 Installation category
IEC 60255-27: 2005 Installation category III (Overvoltage Category III):
EN 60255-27: 2005 Distribution level, fixed installation.
Equipment in this category is qualification tested at
5 kV peak, 1.2/50 µs, 500 , 0.5 J, between all
supply circuits and earth and also between
independent circuits.
6.4 Environment
The equipment is intended for indoor installation and use only. If it is required for use in an
outdoor environment then it must be mounted in a specific cabinet of housing which will
enable it to meet the requirements of IEC 60529 with the classification of degree of
protection IP54 (dust and splashing water protected).
Pollution Degree - Pollution Degree 2 Compliance is demonstrated by reference to safety
Altitude - Operation up to 2000m standards.
IEC 60255-27:2005
EN 60255-27: 2005
Introduction
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INTRODUCTION
Date: 2017
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CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM GUIDES 5
2. INTRODUCTION TO MICOM 7
3. PRODUCT SCOPE 8
3.1 Ordering options 11
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1 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES
This manual provides a functional and technical description of the MiCOM protection relay
and a comprehensive set of instructions for the relay’s use and application.
The section contents are summarized below:
Safety Guide
P44x/EN IT Introduction
A guide to the MiCOM range of relays and the documentation structure. General safety
aspects of handling Electronic Equipment is discussed with particular reference to relay
safety symbols. Also a general functional overview of the relay and brief application
summary is given.
P44x/EN TD Technical Data
Technical data including setting ranges, accuracy limits, recommended operating conditions,
ratings and performance data. Compliance with norms and international standards is quoted
where appropriate.
P44x/EN GS Getting Started
A guide to the different user interfaces of the protection relay describing how to start using it.
This section provides detailed information regarding the communication interfaces of the
relay, including a detailed description of how to access the settings database stored within
the relay.
P44x/EN ST Settings
List of all the relay settings, including ranges, step sizes and defaults, together with a brief
explanation of each setting.
P44x/EN AP Application Notes
This section includes a description of common power system applications of the relay,
calculation of suitable settings, some typical worked examples, and how to apply the settings
to the relay.
P44x/EN PL Programmable Logic
Overview of the programmable scheme logic and a description of each logical node. This
section includes the factory default (PSL) and an explanation of typical applications.
P44x/EN MR Measurements and Recording
Detailed description of the relays recording and measurements functions including the
configuration of the event and disturbance recorder and measurement functions.
P44x/EN FD Firmware Design
Overview of the operation of the relay’s hardware and software. This section includes
information on the self-checking features and diagnostics of the relay.
P44x/EN CM Commissioning
Instructions on how to commission the relay, comprising checks on the calibration and
functionality of the relay.
P44x/EN MT Maintenance
A general maintenance policy for the relay is outlined.
P44x/EN TS Troubleshooting
Advice on how to recognize failure modes and the recommended course of action. Includes
guidance on who to contact for advice.
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P44x/EN SC SCADA Communications
This section provides an overview regarding the SCADA communication interfaces of the
relay. Detailed protocol mappings, semantics, profiles and interoperability tables are not
provided within this manual. Separate documents are available per protocol, available for
download from our website.
P44x/EN SG Symbols and Glossary
List of common technical abbreviations found within the product documentation.
P44x/EN IN Installation
Recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and storage of the relay. A guide to
the mechanical and electrical installation of the relay is provided, incorporating earthing
recommendations. All external wiring connections to the relay are indicated.
P44x/EN CS Cyber Security (Software Version C7.x only, hardware suffix K)
This section provides an overview about cyber security protection (to secure communication
and equipment within substations environment). Cyber security standards and
implementation are described.
P44x/EN VH Firmware and Service Manual Version History
History of all hardware and software releases for the product.
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GE P444 Technical Manual

Type
Technical Manual
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