VersaLogic Harrier (VL-EPU-4011) Reference guide

Hardware

Reference

Manual

REV. August 2023

Harrier

(VL-EPU-4011)

A credit-card sized system

featuring error correcting memory

(ECC), TPM security, dual or

quad core Apollo Lake processor,

and plenty of on-board I/O.

Introduction

2 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

WWW.VERSALOGIC.COM

10230 SW Spokane Ct.

Tualatin, OR 97062-7341

(503) 747-2261

Fax (971) 224-4708

Notice:

Although every effort has been made to ensure this document is error-free, VersaLogic makes no

representations or warranties with respect to this product and specifically disclaims any implied

warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose.

VersaLogic reserves the right to revise this product and associated documentation at any time

without obligation to notify anyone of such changes.

* Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others.

Introduction

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 3

Product Revision Notes

Revision 1.0

Initial draft

Revision 1.01

Update data rates in table 2

Revision 1.02

Updated block diagram (Figure 1)

Revision 1.03

Replaced CBR-4005B image (Figure 24)

Revision 1.04

Added voltage content under Table 7 (page 36)

Revision 1.05

Added cautionary note about Linux monitor detection (page 14)

Support Page

The Harrier Product Page contains additional information and resources for this product

including:

 Operating system information and software drivers

 Data sheets and manufacturers’ links for chips used in this product

 BIOS information and upgrades

Customer Support

If you are unable to solve a problem after reading this manual, visiting the product page, contact

VersaLogic Technical Support at (503) 747-2261. VersaLogic support engineers are also

available via e-mail at [email protected].

Repair Service

If your product requires service, you must obtain a Returned Material Authorization (RMA)

number by calling 503-747-2261. Be ready to provide the following information:

 Your name, the name of your company, your phone number, and e-mail address

 The name of a technician or engineer that can be contacted if any questions arise

 The quantity of items being returned

 The model and serial number (barcode) of each item

 A detailed description of the problem

 Steps you have taken to resolve or recreate the problem

 The return shipping address

AS9100

All AS9100 products dispositioned for scrap shall be conspicuously and permanently marked, or

positively controlled, until physically rendered unusable.

Introduction

4 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Warranty Repair: All parts and labor charges are covered, including return shipping charges

for UPS Ground delivery to United States addresses.

Non-warranty Repair: All approved non-warranty repairs are subject to diagnosis and labor

charges, parts charges and return shipping fees. Specify the shipping method you prefer and

provide a purchase order number for invoicing the repair.



Note:

Mark the RMA number clearly on the outside of the box before returning.

Cautions

Electrostatic Discharge

CAUTION:

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage circuit boards, disk drives, and other

components. The circuit board must only be handled at an ESD workstation. If an

approved station is not available, some measure of protection can be provided by

wearing a grounded antistatic wrist strap. Keep all plastic away from the board, and do

not slide the board over any surface.

After removing the board from its protective wrapper, place the board on a grounded,

static-free surface, component side up. Use an antistatic foam pad if available.

The board should also be protected inside a closed metallic antistatic envelope during

shipment or storage.



Note:

The exterior coating on some metallic antistatic bags is sufficiently conductive to cause excessive

battery drain if the bag comes in contact with the bottom side of the Harrier.

Handling Care

CAUTION:

Avoid touching the exposed circuitry with your fingers when handling the board. Though

it will not damage the circuitry, it is possible that small amounts of oil or perspiration on

the skin could have enough conductivity to cause the contents of CMOS RAM to

become corrupted through careless handling, resulting in CMOS resetting to factory

defaults.

Earth Ground Requirement

CAUTION:

All mounting standoffs should be connected to earth ground (chassis ground). This

provides proper grounding for EMI purposes.

Introduction

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 5

Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 9

Features ............................................................................................................................... 9

Technical Specifications ................................................................................................... 10

Block Diagram .................................................................................................................. 11

Dimensions and Mounting ................................................................................................ 12

Harrier Dimensions .............................................................................................. 12

Configuration and Setup .............................................................................................. 13

Initial Configuration ......................................................................................................... 13

Basic Setup ....................................................................................................................... 13

BIOS Setup ....................................................................................................................... 15

Default BIOS Setup Values ................................................................................. 15

Operating System Installation ........................................................................................... 15

Jumper Blocks ................................................................................................................... 16

Jumper As-Shipped Configuration ...................................................................... 16

Jumper Configuration Summary .......................................................................... 17

Board Features .............................................................................................................. 18

CPU ................................................................................................................................... 18

CPU Die Temperature.......................................................................................... 18

System RAM ..................................................................................................................... 18

Flash Storage ..................................................................................................................... 18

Real-Time Clock (RTC) ................................................................................................... 19

Watchdog Timer ............................................................................................................... 19

External Connectors .......................................................................................................... 19

Baseboard Connector Locations .......................................................................... 19

Power Delivery ................................................................................................................. 20

Main Power Connector ........................................................................................ 20

Cabling ................................................................................................................. 21

Power Requirements ............................................................................................ 21

Power Delivery Considerations ........................................................................... 21

Power Button ....................................................................................................... 22

Supported Power States ....................................................................................... 22

Battery Power Options ......................................................................................... 23

External Speaker ............................................................................................................... 24

Push-button Reset ............................................................................................................. 24

LEDs ................................................................................................................................. 25

Power-Good/Fault Indicator LEDs ...................................................................... 26

Mass Storage Interfaces ............................................................................................... 27

SATA Interface ................................................................................................................. 27

microSD Socket ................................................................................................................ 28

eMMC Flash ..................................................................................................................... 28

Multi-purpose I/O ........................................................................................................... 29

Introduction

6 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

USB Interface ................................................................................................................... 29

Mini PCIe / mSATA Sockets ............................................................................................ 30

W_Disable# Signal .............................................................................................. 32

Mini PCIe Card Wireless Status LEDs ................................................................ 33

mSATA Activity LED ......................................................................................... 34

User I/O Connector ........................................................................................................... 35

Cabling ................................................................................................................. 36

Serial I/O ......................................................................................................................... 37

Serial Ports ........................................................................................................................ 37

Serial Port Connector Pinout ............................................................................... 38

Cabling ................................................................................................................. 38

COM Port Configuration ..................................................................................... 38

Console Redirection .......................................................................................................... 38

Video Interfaces ............................................................................................................ 39

Mini DisplayPort++ Connector ........................................................................................ 39

VGA Output ......................................................................................................... 41

Mini DisplayPort Cable Options .......................................................................... 41

LVDS Interface ................................................................................................................. 42

LVDS Flat Panel Display Connector ................................................................... 42

LVDS Backlight Connector ................................................................................. 44

Network Interfaces ........................................................................................................ 45

Ethernet Connector .............................................................................................. 45

Cabling ................................................................................................................. 46

Ethernet Status LEDs ........................................................................................... 47

VL-CBR-4005B Paddleboard ........................................................................................ 48

VL-CBR-4005B Connectors and Indicators ........................................................ 48

User I/O Connector .............................................................................................. 49

Cabling ................................................................................................................. 50

On-board Battery ................................................................................................. 50

Auxiliary I/O Connector ...................................................................................... 51

Dimensions and Mounting Holes ........................................................................ 52

Thermal Considerations ............................................................................................... 53

Selecting the Correct Thermal Solution for Your Application ......................................... 53

Heat Plate ............................................................................................................. 53

System-level Considerations ................................................................................ 53

CPU Thermal Trip Points .................................................................................... 54

Thermal Specifications, Restrictions, and Conditions ......................................... 55

Overall Restrictions and Conditions: ................................................................... 55

Heat Plate Only Restrictions and Conditions: ..................................................... 55

Heat Sink Only Considerations: .......................................................................... 55

Heat Sink with Fan Considerations: .................................................................... 56

EPU-4011 Thermal Characterization ................................................................................ 56

Thermal Test Results ........................................................................................... 56

Test Scenario 1: Dual Core EPU-4011-EAP without HDW-411 fan .................. 56

Installing VersaLogic Thermal Solutions ......................................................................... 58

Hardware Assembly ............................................................................................. 58

Installing the VL-HDW-406 Passive Heat Sink .................................................. 60

Introduction

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 7

Installing the VL-HDW-411 Heat Sink Fan ........................................................ 60

Installing the VL-HDW-408 Heat Pipe Block ..................................................... 61

Tables

Table 1: Jumper Block V1 – Endpoint Termination .................................................................................... 17

Table 2: Harrier Memory Characteristics ..................................................................................................... 18

Table 3: Main Power Connector Pinout ....................................................................................................... 21

Table 4: Supported Power States ................................................................................................................. 22

Table 5: Mini PCIe / mSATA Socket Pinout ............................................................................................... 31

Table 6: Mini PCIe Card Wireless Status LEDs .......................................................................................... 33

Table 7: User I/O Connector Pinout and Pin Orientation ............................................................................. 36

Table 8: COM1/COM2 Connector Pinout ................................................................................................... 38

Table 9: Mini DisplayPort++ Connector Pinout .......................................................................................... 40

Table 10: LVDS Flat Panel Display Connector Pinout ................................................................................ 43

Table 11: LVDS Backlight Connector Pinout .............................................................................................. 44

Table 12: Ethernet Connector Pinout ........................................................................................................... 46

Table 13: User I/O Connector Pinout ........................................................................................................... 49

Table 14: Auxiliary I/O Connector Pinout ................................................................................................... 51

Table 15: CPU Thermal Trip Points ............................................................................................................. 54

Table 16: Temperature Monitoring Programs .............................................................................................. 55

Table 17: Absolute Minimum and Maximum Air Temperatures ................................................................. 55

Table 18. Dual Core Hardware Setup ........................................................................................................... 56

Table 19. Test 1 - Dual Core Thermal Test Results ...................................................................................... 57

Table 20. Quad Core Hardware Setup .......................................................................................................... 57

Table 21. Test 2 - Quad Core Thermal Test Results ..................................................................................... 57

Introduction

8 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Figures

Figure 1. Harrier (VL-EPU-4011) Block Diagram ....................................................................................... 11

Figure 2. Harrier Dimensions and Mounting Holes ...................................................................................... 12

Figure 3. Typical Development Configuration ............................................................................................. 14

Figure 4. Jumpers As-Shipped Configuration ............................................................................................... 16

Figure 5. Baseboard Connector Locations .................................................................................................... 19

Figure 6. Main Power Connector Pin Orientation ......................................................................................... 20

Figure 7. Location and Pin Orientation of the Battery Connector ................................................................ 23

Figure 8. VL-CBR-0203 Latching Battery Module ...................................................................................... 24

Figure 9. Location of Status Indicator LEDs ................................................................................................ 25

Figure 10. Location of the Power-good/Fault Indicator LED ....................................................................... 26

Figure 11. Location of the SATA Connector ................................................................................................ 27

Figure 12. Location of the microSD Socket .................................................................................................. 28

Figure 13. Location of the USB Ports ........................................................................................................... 29

Figure 14. Mini PCIe/mSATA Sockets ......................................................................................................... 30

Figure 15. Mini PCIe Wireless Status LEDs ................................................................................................. 33

Figure 16. Location of the SATA/mSATA Activity LED ............................................................................ 34

Figure 17. Location and Pin Orientation of the User I/O Connector ............................................................ 35

Figure 18. Location and Pin Orientation of the Serial I/O Connector ........................................................... 37

Figure 19. Location of the Mini DisplayPort++ Connector .......................................................................... 40

Figure 20. VL-CBR-2032 Mini DisplayPort to VGA Adapter ..................................................................... 41

Figure 21. Location of the LVDS Connectors .............................................................................................. 42

Figure 22. Location and Pin Orientation of the Ethernet Connector ............................................................. 45

Figure 23. Onboard Ethernet Status LEDs .................................................................................................... 47

Figure 24. VL-CBR-4005B Connectors, Switches, and LEDs ..................................................................... 48

Figure 25. Location and Pin Orientation of the User I/O Connector ............................................................ 49

Figure 26. Location and Pin Orientation of Auxiliary I/O Connector .......................................................... 51

Figure 27. VL-CBR-4005B Dimensions and Mounting Holes ..................................................................... 52

Figure 28. An Example of Hardware Assembly with Heat Plate Down ....................................................... 58

Figure 29. An Example of Hardware Assembly with Heat Plate Up ............................................................ 59

Figure 30. Installing the Passive Heat Sink ................................................................................................... 60

Figure 31. Example of Installed Heat Sink Fan ............................................................................................ 61

Figure 32. Installing the Heat Pipe Block ..................................................................................................... 62

Introduction

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 9

Introduction

Features

The Harrier is an extremely small and rugged SWaP-optimized embedded computer. It has been

engineered and tested to meet the industry’s need for smaller, lighter and lower power embedded

systems. Slightly larger in size than a credit card and one inch thick, the Harrier is a member of

VersaLogic’s family of small, ultra-rugged embedded x86 computers. Equipped with a powerful

dual- or quad-core Intel “Apollo Lake” processor and soldered-on ECC RAM, the Harrier is

designed to withstand extreme temperature, impact, and vibration.

Up to 8 GB of soldered-on Error Correcting Code (ECC) memory is available for high-reliability

applications. ECC memory is beneficial in environments where single bit memory errors may

occur, such as with cosmic ray interactions which increase dramatically with altitude.

A TPM 2.0 chip is included for hardware-based security.

On-board I/O includes dual Gigabit Ethernet, one USB 3.0 and four USB 2.0 ports, and two serial

ports. SATA interface, eMMC Flash options, and a microSD socket provide a range of data

storage options. Dual Mini PCIe sockets accommodate plug-in A/D, Wi-Fi modems, GPS

receivers, MIL-STD-1553, Ethernet, Firewire, and other mini cards.

The Harrier is designed and tested for full industrial temperature (-40º to +85ºC) operation and

meets MIL-STD-202H specifications for shock and vibration. It also features on-board voltage

regulation for dependable operation from nominal 12V sources.

Introduction

10 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

The Harrier features include:

 Intel Atom* Apollo Lake processor

with up to 2 GHz burst clock rate.

Quad- or dual-core options. Low

power consumption.

 Up to 8 GB soldered-down DDR3L

ECC RAM enhances system

reliability.

 Dual GbE Ethernet interfaces.

Autodetect 10BaseT / 100BaseTX /

1000BaseT. Remote boot support

 Integrated high-performance video.

Intel HD Graphics 505 with 18

Execution Units (EPU-4011-EDP) or

Intel HD Graphics 500 with 12

Execution Units (EPU-4011-EAP).

Turbo Boost. Supports DirectX 12,

OpenGL 4.4, Quick Sync Video,

Clear Video HD Technology, Clear

Video Technology, VP8, VP9,

MPEG2, H.264, H.265, and

VC1.Fanless operation

 SATA port supports bootable SATA

hard drive

 Full- and half-size mini PCIe sockets.

Supports Wi-Fi modems, GPS, MIL-

STD-1553, Ethernet, flash data

storage, and other mini PCIe modules.

 One USB 3.0 port and four USB 2.0

ports support keyboard, mouse, and

other devices.

 Eight 3.3V digital I/O lines, three 8254

timer/counters and I2C support.

 One microSD socket

 RoHS compliant

 Extended temperature operation

 Customization available

The Harrier is compatible with popular operating systems.

Technical Specifications

Refer to the Harrier Product Page for complete specifications. Specifications are subject to

change without notification.

Introduction

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 11

Block Diagram

Figure 1. Harrier (VL-EPU-4011) Block Diagram

Introduction

10 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Dimensions and Mounting

Harrier Dimensions

Figure 2. Harrier Dimensions and Mounting Holes

(Not to scale. All dimensions in millimeters.)

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 13

Configuration and Setup

Initial Configuration

The following components are recommended for a typical development system with the Harrier

EPU:

 VL-CBR-0809 power cable and a power supply

 VL-CBR-4005B paddleboard and VL-CBR-4005A cable. Refer to the chapter titled “VL-

CBR-4005B Paddleboard” for details.

 USB keyboard and mouse

 SATA hard drive

 USB CD-ROM drive or other installation device and media

 DisplayPort or VGA monitor and a VL-CBR-2032 Mini DisplayPort-to-VGA adapter

 A thermal solution (using either VersaLogic accessories or a customer-designed solution)

You will also need an operating system (OS) installation CD-ROM.

Basic Setup

The following steps outline the procedure for setting up a typical development system. The

Harrier should be handled at an ESD workstation or while wearing a grounded antistatic wrist

strap.

Before you begin, unpack the Harrier and accessories. Verify that you received all the items you

ordered. Inspect the system visually for any damage that may have occurred in shipping. Contact

[email protected] immediately if any items are damaged or missing.

Gather all the peripheral devices you plan to attach to the Harrier as well as their interface and

power cables. It is recommended that you attach standoffs to the board to stabilize the board and

make it easier to work with.

The next figure shows a typical setup for the Harrier in the development environment.

Configuration and Setup

14 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Figure 3. Typical Development Configuration

1. Attach Cables and Peripherals

 Attach a monitor to the baseboard’s Mini DisplayPort++ connector using a VL-CBR-2032, or

cable directly to a DisplayPort monitor

o Note: Some operating systems will detect both the Mini DisplayPort and LVDS

connections as active even when not using LVDS. Operating System would then set

an extended display which makes some login screen not viewable. Turn off LVDS in

the BIOS menu should this occur. BIOS screens are mirrored, not extended.

 Attach a SATA hard disk to the baseboard’s SATA connector using a VL-CBR-0701 or VL-

CBR-0702 cable.

 Attach a VL-CBR-4005B paddleboard to the baseboard’s User I/O connector.

Configuration and Setup

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 15

 Connect a USB keyboard and USB mouse to the USB Type-A connectors on the VL-CBR-

4005B paddleboard.

 Attach a USB DVD-ROM or other installation media to the USB 3.0 connector on the EPU-

4011.

2. Connect Power Source

 Plug the power adapter cable VL-CBR-0809 into the main power connector on the baseboard.

Attach the motherboard connector of the ATX power supply to the adapter.

 Attach an ATX power cable to any 3.5-inch drive that is not already attached to the power

supply (hard drive or DVD-ROM drive).

3. Review Configuration

 Before you power up the system, double-check all the connections. Make sure all cables are

oriented correctly, that adequate power will be supplied to the Harrier, and all attached

peripheral devices.

4. Power On

 Turn on the ATX power supply and the video monitor. If the system is correctly configured, a

video signal should be present.

5. Install Operating System

 Install the operating system according to the instructions provided by the operating system

manufacturer.

BIOS Setup

The Harrier permits the storage of user-defined BIOS settings. This enables you to retrieve

settings from cleared or corrupted CMOS RAM, or battery failure. All BIOS defaults can be

changed except the time and date. BIOS defaults are updated using the BIOS Update Utility.

CAUTION: If BIOS default settings make the system unbootable and prevent the user from

entering the BIOS Setup utility, the Harrier must be serviced by the factory.

Default BIOS Setup Values

After CMOS RAM clears, the system loads default BIOS parameters the next boot. The default

CMOS RAM setup values are used in order to boot the system whenever the main CMOS RAM

values are blank, or when the system battery is dead or has been removed from the board.

Operating System Installation

The standard PC architecture used on the Harrier makes the installation and use of most of the

standard x86-based operating systems very simple. Special optimized hardware drivers for a

particular operating system, or a link to the drivers, are available on the Harrier Product Page.

Configuration and Setup

16 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Jumper Blocks

Jumper As-Shipped Configuration

Figure 4. Jumpers As-Shipped Configuration

Configuration and Setup

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 17

Jumper Configuration Summary

Table 1: Jumper Block V1 – Endpoint Termination

Pins

Function

Description

1-2

COM2 termination

 Jumper In: Endpoint termination (for RS-485 or RS-422)

 Jumper Out: Not terminated (RS-232)

3-4

COM1 termination

 Jumper In: Endpoint termination (for RS-485 or RS-422)

 Jumper Out: Not terminated (RS-232)

18 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Board Features

CPU

The Intel Atom E39xx SoC features integrated 3D graphics, video encode and decode, and

memory and display controllers. The following CPU configurations are available:

 VL-EPU-4011-EAP: Intel Atom 3930 – 1.3 GHz, Dual Core

 VL-EPU-4011-EDP: Intel Atom 3950 – 1.6 GHz, Quad Core

CPU Die Temperature

The CPU die temperature is affected by numerous conditions, such as CPU utilization, CPU

speed, ambient air temperature, airflow, thermal effects of adjacent circuit boards, external heat

sources, and many others.

The thermal management for the Intel Atom E39xx series of processors consists of a sensor

located in the core processor area. The processor contains multiple techniques to help better

manage thermal attributes of the processor. It implements thermal-based clock throttling and

thermal-based speed step transitions. There is one thermal sensor on the processor that triggers

Intel's thermal monitor (the temperature at which the thermal sensor triggers the thermal monitor

is set during the fabrication of the processor). Triggering of this sensor is visible to software by

means of the thermal interrupt LVT entry in the local APIC.

System RAM

The Harrier has soldered-on DDR3L ECC with the following characteristics:

Table 2: Harrier Memory Characteristics

Board Model

Memory Type

Capacity

Data Rate

VL-EPU-4011-EAP

DDR3L ECC

2 GB

1600 MT/s

VL-EPU-4011-EDP

DDR3L ECC

8 GB

1600 MT/s

Flash Storage

The Harrier provides on-board eMMC Flash storage on certain models of the product:

 VL-EPU-4011-EAP: 8 GB

 VL-EPU-4011-EDP: 32 GB

Board Features

VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual 19

Real-Time Clock (RTC)

The Harrier features a real-time clock/calendar (RTC) circuit. It supplies RTC voltage in S5, S3,

and S0 states, but requires an external +2.75 V to +3.3 V battery connection. Refer to the section

titled Battery Power Options on page 23 for more information. The RTC can be set using the

BIOS Setup utility.

Watchdog Timer

The Harrier has a watchdog timer that contains a selectable prescaler approximately 1 μs to

10 minutes. The watchdog timer can be configured in the BIOS Setup utility.

External Connectors

Baseboard Connector Locations

Figure 5. Baseboard Connector Locations

Board Features

20 VL-EPU-4011 Reference Manual

Power Delivery

Main Power Connector

Main input power is applied to the Harrier through an 8-pin power connector. The next figure

shows the location and the pin orientation of the main power connector.

Figure 6. Main Power Connector Pin Orientation

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