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PowerSwitch S6000

Dell PowerSwitch S6000 User guide

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Dell Conguration Guide for the S6000 System
9.11(2.0P1)
Notes, cautions, and warnings
NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.
CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.
WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.
Copyright © 2017 Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. Dell, EMC, and other trademarks are trademarks of Dell Inc. or its subsidiaries. Other
trademarks may be trademarks of their respective owners.
2017 - 05
Rev. A00
Contents
1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................35
Audience........................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................35
Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 35
2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 36
Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................36
CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 38
The do Command............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Undoing Commands.........................................................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help..................................................................................................................................................................42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................................................42
Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 43
Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................43
Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 43
Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................44
3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................45
Console Access................................................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................46
Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47
Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47
Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47
Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 48
Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48
Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48
Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................49
Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49
Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49
Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50
Save the Running-Conguration..............................................................................................................................52
Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52
Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52
Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53
View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 54
Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54
Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54
Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55
4 Management................................................................................................................................................57
Contents
3
Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57
Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58
Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58
Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58
Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58
Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58
Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60
Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60
Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60
Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61
Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................63
Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................63
Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64
Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64
Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64
Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................65
Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................65
Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65
Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65
Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65
Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66
Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67
Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67
Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................68
Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68
Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69
Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69
Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70
Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70
Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 72
Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72
File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................73
Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................73
Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73
Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73
Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 74
Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74
Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................75
Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................76
Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................77
Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77
Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 78
Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................78
Recovering from a Forgotten Password on the S6000.............................................................................................. 78
Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password...........................................................................................................79
4
Contents
Recovering from a Failed Start on the S6000..............................................................................................................79
Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 80
Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................80
Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................. 81
5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................83
Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................85
EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................85
Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................86
Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 86
Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................86
Enabling 802.1X.................................................................................................................................................................87
Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................88
Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................89
Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole .............................................................................................................89
Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................90
Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions............................................................................................................91
Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication...................................................................................... 91
Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 92
Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................93
Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................94
Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 95
Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 96
Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................96
6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................98
Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................98
Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................99
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 99
Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................99
Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................100
Viewing CAM Usage....................................................................................................................................................... 101
Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 102
7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 104
IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................105
CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................106
Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................106
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................108
Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................108
Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................110
Conguring Set Conditions.......................................................................................................................................111
Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................112
Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 113
Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 113
Contents
5
IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 114
IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................114
Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 114
Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................115
Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................116
Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................117
Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................117
Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................120
Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................120
Assign an IP ACL to an Interface...................................................................................................................................121
Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................121
Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................122
Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 122
Congure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 123
Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 124
IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 124
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125
Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 125
ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 128
Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................129
Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................130
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 130
Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 130
Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 131
Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................132
Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................133
Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 135
Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................136
Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................136
8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)...................................................................................................137
How BFD Works..............................................................................................................................................................137
BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................138
BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 139
BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 140
Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................142
Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 142
Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 142
Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................143
Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................144
Congure BFD for OSPF......................................................................................................................................... 147
Congure BFD for OSPFv3......................................................................................................................................151
Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................153
Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................155
Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................162
Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................165
6
Contents
Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................165
9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................167
Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 167
Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 169
Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................169
Route Reectors.............................................................................................................................................................170
BGP Attributes.................................................................................................................................................................171
Best Path Selection Criteria.....................................................................................................................................171
Weight........................................................................................................................................................................173
Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 173
Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)........................................................................................................................... 174
Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................175
AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................176
Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 176
Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................176
Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS................................................................................................................... 177
Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 177
Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................177
Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 178
Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................178
AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 178
AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 180
BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB).........................................................................................................181
Important Points to Remember...............................................................................................................................181
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................182
BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 182
Enabling BGP............................................................................................................................................................ 183
Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 186
Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................188
Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................190
Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 192
Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 192
Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 193
Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................194
Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 195
Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 195
Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................197
Redistributing Routes...............................................................................................................................................198
Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................ 199
Conguring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................199
Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 200
Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................201
Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 202
Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................203
Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................203
Contents
7
Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 204
Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................205
Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................205
Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................205
Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps..............................................................................................................207
Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information..............................................................................................207
Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................208
Aggregating Routes.................................................................................................................................................209
Conguring BGP Confederations.......................................................................................................................... 209
Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................210
Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................212
Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration......................................................................................................212
Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................213
Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................215
Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 215
Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor..........................................216
BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................216
Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 216
Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................217
Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................218
PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................219
Sample Congurations...................................................................................................................................................219
10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................226
CAM Allocation...............................................................................................................................................................226
Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................228
View CAM Proles.........................................................................................................................................................228
View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 229
View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................230
CAM Optimization.......................................................................................................................................................... 231
Troubleshoot CAM Proling...........................................................................................................................................231
QoS CAM Region Limitation....................................................................................................................................231
Syslog Error When the Table is Full........................................................................................................................ 231
Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM.........................................................................................232
Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes....................................................232
Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................232
Conguring UFT Modes..........................................................................................................................................232
11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 234
Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 235
Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 236
Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 238
Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..........................................................................................................................239
Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.....................................................................................................239
Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 240
8
Contents
12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 242
Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................242
Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 243
Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................244
Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................245
Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................246
Enabling Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................................................... 246
DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................247
Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration..............................................................................................................248
Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 248
Conguring Lossless Queues....................................................................................................................................... 249
Conguring PFC in a DCB Map....................................................................................................................................251
PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................ 251
PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 252
Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................252
Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................252
Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method..............................................................................254
Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................255
Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................255
SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking........................................................................................... 256
Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................257
PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................257
Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................257
Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................258
Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................258
Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................258
ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 258
Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 259
ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................260
Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 260
Conguring ETS in a DCB Map.............................................................................................................................. 261
Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 262
Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263
Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 263
Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................263
DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 263
DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 264
DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 265
Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 265
Propagation of DCB Information........................................................................................................................... 266
Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version...................................................................... 266
DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................267
DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................267
Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 267
Verifying the DCB Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 271
Contents
9
QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 279
Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 280
Sample DCB Conguration............................................................................................................................................281
PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................283
13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP)......................................................................................... 284
DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 284
Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................286
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................287
Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................287
Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................288
Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................ 289
Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 289
Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................289
Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 290
Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................290
Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................290
Using DHCP Clear Commands............................................................................................................................... 291
Congure the System to be a DHCP Client................................................................................................................291
Conguring the DHCP Client System....................................................................................................................291
DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................293
DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................293
Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................294
Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................294
Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................295
DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................295
Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................299
Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................299
Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 300
Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection....................................................................................................................301
Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 302
Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................302
DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 303
Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................303
Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 304
Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................304
14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................305
ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................305
Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 305
Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 305
Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 306
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 306
Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................307
Creating an ECMP Group Bundle.......................................................................................................................... 307
Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold.................................................................................................................307
10
Contents
Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................308
Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................ 309
Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes ........................................................................ 309
RTAG7.............................................................................................................................................................................309
Flow-based Hashing for ECMP.................................................................................................................................... 310
15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 313
Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................313
Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................313
FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................315
FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................................317
Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................ 317
FIP Snooping Prerequisites......................................................................................................................................317
Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 317
Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................318
Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs............................................................................................................................. 319
Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 319
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................319
Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................319
Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 319
FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 320
Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................320
Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................321
FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................326
16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................328
Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................328
Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................328
Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover...................................................................................................329
Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................329
Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled..............................................................329
Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................330
Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States...........................................................................331
LACP and IPv4 Routing...........................................................................................................................................331
LACP and IPv6 Routing...........................................................................................................................................331
BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 332
Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................332
Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................332
Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 332
LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................332
Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................333
Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................333
RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................333
Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 334
17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 335
Contents
11
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................335
Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 336
Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 336
Important FRRP Points........................................................................................................................................... 337
Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 338
Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................339
FRRP Conguration...................................................................................................................................................... 339
Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................339
Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................340
Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs....................................................................................................... 341
Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................342
Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................342
Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................342
Viewing the FRRP Information...............................................................................................................................342
Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 343
Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................343
Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................343
FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................344
Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 345
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 346
18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................347
Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................347
Congure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 348
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................348
Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 349
Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................349
Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 349
Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 350
19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).......................................................................................... 351
IGMP Implementation Information............................................................................................................................... 351
IGMP Protocol Overview...............................................................................................................................................351
IGMP Version 2.........................................................................................................................................................351
IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................ 353
Congure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................356
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................356
Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 357
Selecting an IGMP Version........................................................................................................................................... 357
Viewing IGMP Groups................................................................................................................................................... 357
Viewing IGMP Snooping Groups................................................................................................................................. 358
Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 358
Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 358
Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 359
IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................359
IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................359
12
Contents
Conguring IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................. 360
Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................360
Disabling Multicast Flooding....................................................................................................................................361
Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router....................................................................................... 361
Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................361
Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................362
Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications........................................................................362
Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................363
Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 364
Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 364
Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac.......................................................................................................................365
Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................366
Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 366
Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................366
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 367
Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................368
Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................369
Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 370
20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................. 371
Basic Interface Conguration........................................................................................................................................371
Advanced Interface Conguration................................................................................................................................371
Interface Types............................................................................................................................................................... 372
View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 372
Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State................................................................................................... 374
Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................375
Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................375
Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 375
40G to 1G Breakout Cable Adaptor....................................................................................................................... 375
Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................376
Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................376
Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................377
Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode................................................................................................................... 377
Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................378
Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 378
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................379
Conguring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 379
Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................379
Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................379
Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................ 381
VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................382
Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 382
Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 383
Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 383
Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................383
Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................383
Contents
13
Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................384
Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 384
Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................385
Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 385
Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................385
Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 387
Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 388
Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 388
Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 389
Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................389
Load Balancing Through Port Channels............................................................................................................... 390
Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................390
Bulk Conguration..........................................................................................................................................................391
Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................ 391
Bulk Conguration Examples.................................................................................................................................. 391
Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 393
Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 393
Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 393
Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................393
Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 394
Splitting 40G Ports without Reload.............................................................................................................................395
Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports............................................................................................................................397
Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port.................................................................................. 397
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 398
Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 398
Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................402
Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................402
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 402
Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................403
Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 404
Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 405
Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................405
Congure the MTU Size on an Interface....................................................................................................................406
Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................407
Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces................................................................................................................... 407
Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces............................................................................................................ 407
Set Auto-Negotiation Options............................................................................................................................... 408
View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................409
Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 410
Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally............................................................................................................ 411
Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 412
Clearing Interface Counters.................................................................................................................................... 413
Compressing Conguration Files.................................................................................................................................. 413
21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................. 417
IP Addresses....................................................................................................................................................................418
14
Contents
Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 418
Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses.......................................................................................................................... 418
Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................418
Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 419
Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................420
Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages...................................................................................421
Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................ 421
Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection......................................................................................... 421
Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 422
Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................422
Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................422
Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains....................................................................................423
Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................423
ARP..................................................................................................................................................................................424
Conguration Tasks for ARP........................................................................................................................................ 424
Conguring Static ARP Entries....................................................................................................................................424
Enabling Proxy ARP.......................................................................................................................................................425
Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................425
ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................425
Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................426
ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 426
Conguring ARP Retries............................................................................................................................................... 427
ICMP................................................................................................................................................................................427
Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 427
Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages.......................................................................................................................427
UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................428
Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................428
Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................428
Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................428
Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................ 429
Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 429
UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................429
UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................430
UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses..................................................................................................430
UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses.............................................................................................431
Troubleshooting UDP Helper.........................................................................................................................................431
22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................432
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................432
Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................433
Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 433
IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................433
Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................434
IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................435
Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................437
Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 438
Contents
15
Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................439
ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................440
Path MTU Discovery......................................................................................................................................................441
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery...............................................................................................................................................441
IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................442
Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 442
Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host ..................................................................................... 443
Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................443
Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport.............................................................................................................. 444
Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................ 444
Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................444
Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................445
Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................446
Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................446
SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................446
Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 447
Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information...............................................................................................................447
Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................448
Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................449
Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................450
Disabling ND Entry Timeout...................................................................................................................................450
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard..........................................................................................................................................450
Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................452
Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 453
23 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................454
iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................454
Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................456
Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 456
Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................456
Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 457
Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................. 457
Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................458
Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................458
Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................459
iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 459
Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 459
Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.................................................................................................................. 461
24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 463
IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................463
IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................463
Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 464
Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 464
Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 465
Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................465
16
Contents
Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 465
Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 465
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 465
Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................466
Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................467
Conguring the Distance of a Route..................................................................................................................... 474
Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 475
Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 477
Redistributing IPv6 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 478
Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................479
Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 479
Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 480
IS-IS Metric Styles..........................................................................................................................................................481
Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................ 481
Maximum Values in the Routing Table................................................................................................................... 481
Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only.................................................................................................481
Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................483
Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 484
25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP).............................................................................................. 486
Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 486
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 486
LACP Modes.............................................................................................................................................................487
Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 487
LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 488
Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................488
Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 488
Setting the LACP Long Timeout............................................................................................................................489
Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................489
Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 490
Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................490
Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 492
LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................492
Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 492
26 Layer 2..................................................................................................................................................... 501
Manage the MAC Address Table..................................................................................................................................501
Clearing the MAC Address Table............................................................................................................................501
Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries.........................................................................................................501
Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................502
Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................502
MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................502
Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 503
mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 503
mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 503
mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 504
Contents
17
mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 504
Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................504
Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................505
Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................505
Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................ 506
NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................506
Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................507
Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................509
Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................510
FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................ 511
Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 512
Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 512
Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................513
27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)...................................................................................................... 515
802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 515
Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................515
Optional TLVs..................................................................................................................................................................516
Management TLVs................................................................................................................................................... 516
TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................. 518
TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs.........................................................................................................................518
Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................522
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................522
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 522
LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................523
CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 523
Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................523
Disabling and Undoing LLDP.................................................................................................................................. 524
Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................524
Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports.......................................................................................... 524
Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................ 524
Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 526
Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 526
Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 527
Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................528
Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 528
Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................529
Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 530
28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 535
NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................535
NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................535
Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................536
Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................536
Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 536
Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................536
18
Contents
Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................537
29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).........................................................................................538
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................538
Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................539
Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 540
Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................540
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................540
Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 544
Manage the Source-Active Cache.............................................................................................................................. 545
Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 545
Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................545
Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................546
Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 546
Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................546
Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................549
Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................550
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................550
Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source................................................................................................... 551
Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 551
Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................552
Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................552
Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................553
Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................553
MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................554
Conguring Anycast RP............................................................................................................................................... 555
Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 556
Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................556
MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 558
30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................561
Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................561
Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 562
Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 562
Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................562
Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................563
Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 563
Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................563
Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 564
Inuencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 565
Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................565
Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................566
Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................566
Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................567
Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 568
Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 569
Contents
19
MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................569
Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-
CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 570
Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations.........................................................................................................573
31 Multicast Features....................................................................................................................................575
Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................575
Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................575
Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 576
IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 576
Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 583
Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 584
Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 584
Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................585
mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................586
32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................592
Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 592
Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................593
Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................593
Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................... 594
Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 595
VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 595
Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 595
Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 595
Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 596
Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 598
Displaying Tracked Objects........................................................................................................................................... 601
33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................603
Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................603
Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 603
Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 604
Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................605
Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 605
Designated and Backup Designated Routers....................................................................................................... 607
Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................ 607
Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................608
OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................609
Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 610
Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)............................................................................................................... 611
Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF............................................................................................................................611
RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding.....................................................................................................................611
OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 612
Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................612
Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................613
20
Contents
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