Hach Lachat User Instructions

Brand: Hach

Model: Lachat

Type: User Instructions

Hach Lachat is a sophisticated accessory for the QC8500 flow injection analyzer that enables electrochemical detection. It excels in cyanide analysis with QuikChem amperometric cyanide methods. The device provides precise and accurate measurements with a range of 5 to 200 nA. It features adjustable output filters, allowing for flexible data smoothing. The Hach Lachat boasts a compact design that fits seamlessly into laboratory setups, and its user-friendly interface simplifies operation.

DOC272.97.80511

Lachat Amperometric Detector

04/2015, Edition 1

User Instructions

Table of contents

Specifications on page 3 Startup on page 22

General information on page 3 Maintenance on page 22

Installation on page 9 Troubleshooting on page 26

User interface on page 20 Replacement parts on page 27

Specifications

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Amperometric detector enclosure

Specification Details

Dimensions (W x D x H) Closed: 27.94 x 22.86 x 12.07 cm (11 x 9 x 4.75 in.); Open: 27.94 x 28.26 x 27 cm

(11 x 11.126 x 10.625 in.)

Weight 2.43 kg (5.35 lb)

Potentiostat

Specification Details

Dimensions (W x D x H) 10 x 6.5 x 18 cm (4 x 2.5 x 7 in.)

Weight 0.9 kg (2 lb)

Operating temperature 5 to 40 ºC (41 to 104 ºF)

Operating humidity 80% maximum relative humidity for temperatures up to 31 ºC (88 ºF) decreasing

linearly to 50% at 40 ºC (104 ºF)

Power requirements 10 to 16 VDC unregulated at no-load, 100 mA/hour; Internal battery: NiCad,

standard 9 V rechargeable battery; Power supply: 12 VDC, 10 mA

Power output 0 to 1 VDC at I OUT port

Note: 1 VDC agrees with a full-scale reading in the selected range. For example, the I OUT port

signal is 0.5 V when the range setting is 10 nA and a flow cell current is 5 nA.

Applied potential to flow cell ± 1.500 V

Measurement range 5, 10 and 20 nA range: ± 19.99 nA; 50, 100 and 200 nA range: ± 199.9 nA

Offset ± 199.9 nA

Output filter 0.03, 0.08 or 0.3 Hz

General information

In no event will the manufacturer be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential

damages resulting from any defect or omission in this manual. The manufacturer reserves the right to

make changes in this manual and the products it describes at any time, without notice or obligation.

Revised editions are found on the manufacturer’s website.

English

Safety information

N O T I C E

The manufacturer is not responsible for any damages due to misapplication or misuse of this product including,

without limitation, direct, incidental and consequential damages, and disclaims such damages to the full extent

permitted under applicable law. The user is solely responsible to identify critical application risks and install

appropriate mechanisms to protect processes during a possible equipment malfunction.

Please read this entire manual before unpacking, setting up or operating this equipment. Pay

attention to all danger and caution statements. Failure to do so could result in serious injury to the

operator or damage to the equipment.

Make sure that the protection provided by this equipment is not impaired. Do not use or install this

equipment in any manner other than that specified in this manual.

Use of hazard information

D A N G E R

Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.

W A R N I N G

Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious

injury.

C A U T I O N

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury.

N O T I C E

Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, may cause damage to the instrument. Information that requires special

emphasis.

Precautionary labels

Read all labels and tags attached to the instrument. Personal injury or damage to the instrument

could occur if not observed. A symbol on the instrument is referenced in the manual with a

precautionary statement.

This is the safety alert symbol. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid potential

injury. If on the instrument, refer to the instruction manual for operation or safety information.

This symbol indicates the presence of devices sensitive to Electro-static Discharge (ESD) and

indicates that care must be taken to prevent damage with the equipment.

Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be disposed of in European domestic or public

disposal systems. Return old or end-of-life equipment to the manufacturer for disposal at no charge to

the user.

Certification

Canadian Radio Interference-Causing Equipment Regulation, IECS-003, Class A:

Supporting test records reside with the manufacturer.

This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing

Equipment Regulations.

Cet appareil numérique de classe A répond à toutes les exigences de la réglementation canadienne

sur les équipements provoquant des interférences.

FCC Part 15, Class "A" Limits

English

Supporting test records reside with the manufacturer. The device complies with Part 15 of the FCC

Rules. Operation is subject to the following conditions:

1. The equipment may not cause harmful interference.

2. The equipment must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause

undesired operation.

Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by the party responsible for

compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This equipment has been tested

and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules.

These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the

equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction

manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a

residential area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to

correct the interference at their expense. The following techniques can be used to reduce

interference problems:

1. Move the equipment away from the device receiving the interference.

2. Reposition the receiving antenna for the device receiving the interference.

3. Try combinations of the above.

Product overview

The amperometric detector is an accessory for the QC8500 flow injection analyzer. The

amperometric detector is necessary to do sample analysis for cyanide with the QuikChem

amperometric cyanide methods. Refer to the QuikChem methods for the other instruments

necessary to analyze samples with the QuikChem

amperometric cyanide methods.

Refer to the QuikChem method and the supplied Principles of EC Detection and Troubleshooting

Guide manual for theory of operation.

Figure 1 shows the amperometric detector fully installed.

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Figure 1 System overview

1 Potentiostat

(LC-3D) 6 Amperometric detector enclosure (open)

2 Direct voltage plate 7 Flow cell

3 Cell lead cable 8 Outlet tubing for the flow cell

4 BNC cable 9 Inlet tubing for the flow cell

5 Power supply for potentiostat 10 QC8500 channel

Product components

Make sure that all components have been received. Refer to Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. If any

items are missing or damaged, contact the manufacturer or a sales representative immediately.

The potentiostat is referred to as the amperometric controller in the QuikChem methods.

6 English

Figure 2 Product components

1 Amperometric detector enclosure (closed) 8 Potentiostat (LC-3D) with power supply

2 Principles of EC Detection and Troubleshooting

Guide Manual

9 Direct voltage plate

3 Cross-flow cell kit (refer to Figure 3) 10 BNC cable

4 Electrode polishing kit (refer to Figure 4) 11 Cell lead cable

5 Storage vial for the reference electrodes 12 Cable with green banana jack

6 Teflon tubing (0.009 in. ID x 1/16 in. OD) 13 Silver working electrode (MF-1008)

7 Nut and ferrule for tubing 14 Working electrode jumper

Not used

English 7

Figure 3 Cross-flow cell kit

1 Reference electrodes with O-rings (3x) 4 Quick-release clamp

2 Carbon working electrode (MF-1000)

5 Flow cell dowel plate

3 Reference electrode holder 6 Cell gaskets, 51-μM (0.002-in.) thick (4x)

Figure 4 Electrode polishing kit

1 Glass plates (2x) 5 3-μm fine diamond polish, 2 mL

2 Nylon diamond polish pads (10x) 6 1-μm very fine diamond polish, 2 mL

3 0.05-μm polishing alumina, 7 mL 7 Alumina polish pads, brown (5x)

4 15-μm coarse polishing diamond, 2 mL 8 Fine grit pads, gray (5x)

Not used

8 English

Installation

C A U T I O N

Multiple hazards. Only qualified personnel must conduct the tasks described in this section of the

document.

Installation guidelines

Amperometric detection is a highly sensitive technique because the currents measured are usually in

the picoampere or nanoampere range. Electrical disturbances in the environment have an effect on

operation. In addition, temperature has an effect on the response (and baseline drift) because

detection is a chemical reaction. The effect of temperature is easiest to see at high detector gain.

Install the amperometric detector:

• Indoors in a clean, dry, well-ventilated and temperature-controlled location.

• Away from direct sunlight and heat sources.

• Away from drafts, windows, refrigerators and air ducts.

• Away from radio-frequency (RF) interferences (e.g., wifi devices).

• In a location with minimum mechanical vibrations and electronic noise.

• In a location where there is sufficient clearance to make plumbing and electrical connections.

Connect the entire system to the same grounded power line to prevent electrical noise. Select a

power line that is not used by instruments that cause electrical noise in the power line (e.g., ovens,

mixers or motors).

If electro-static discharge (ESD) causes electrical interference, operate the detector in a static-safe

area with anti-static floor pads and work bench pads.

Install ferrites on the cables as necessary to prevent electrical noise.

Assemble the flow cell

N O T I C E

Two working electrodes are supplied. Use the silver working electrode (MF-1008). Do not use the carbon working

electrode (MF-1000).

Assemble the flow cell in the amperometric detector enclosure. Refer to Figure 5 to collect the parts

used. Refer to the illustrated steps that follow to assemble the flow cell.

Note: When installed, the working electrode jumper increases the size of the working electrode by two times, which

increases the signal.

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Figure 5 Flow cell parts

1 Auxiliary electrode (factory installed) 4 Silver working electrode, MF-1008 (item 13 in

Figure 2 on page 7)

2 Cell gasket (item 6 in Figure 3 on page 8) 5 Flow cell dowel plate (item 5 in Figure 3 on page 8)

3 Working electrode jumper (item 14 in Figure 2

on page 7)

6 Quick-release clamp (item 4 in Figure 3 on page 8)

10 English

Condition the reference electrodes

N O T I C E

Do not use a tool to remove the reference electrode cap or damage to the reference electrode will occur.

Condition the reference electrodes in 3 M NaCl solution for a minimum of 3 hours before initial use.

Make sure that the glass part of the reference electrode is fully in the 3 M NaCl solution. Refer to the

illustrated steps that follow.

English 11

Install a reference electrode

Install one of the reference electrodes in the flow cell. Make sure that the reference electrode has an

O-ring on it. Refer to the illustrated steps that follow.

12 English

Electrical installation

Remove the cell lead cable

Remove the cell lead cable that is installed in the enclosure. The installed cell lead cable is not used.

Refer to the illustrated steps that follow.

English 13

Install the cell lead cable

Install the cell lead cable that has a red clip connector. Refer to the illustrated steps that follow.

14 English

Connect the cell lead cable

Connect the cell lead cable to the flow cell and the potentiostat. Refer to Figure 6.

Figure 6 Connect the cell lead cable

Install the direct voltage plate

N O T I C E

Set the QC8500 power to off before this procedure to prevent damage to components.

Refer to the illustrated steps that follow to remove the colorimetric detector module from the

QC8500 channel and install the direct voltage plate. Set the flow to off before tubing is disconnected.

English

Connect the BNC cable and the power supply

W A R N I N G

Fire hazard. Use only the external power supply that is specified for this instrument.

N O T I C E

Set the POWER switch on the potentiostat to OFF to prevent damage to the potentiostat.

Connect the BNC cable to the potentiostat and the direct voltage plate. Connect the power supply to

the potentiostat. Refer to Figure 7.

Note: The battery fully charges in 12 hours when the potentiostat is off. When the potentiostat is on, the battery

fully charges in 24 hours. The potentiostat can operate on battery power for 20 to 24 hours on a full charge.

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Figure 7 Connect the BNC cable and the power supply

1 BNC connector 4 Red banana jack to I OUT connector

2 BNC cable 5 Power supply plug

3 Black banana jack to GND connector

Plumbing

Install the manifold

C A U T I O N

Chemical exposure hazard. Obey laboratory safety procedures and wear all of the personal protective

equipment appropriate to the chemicals that are handled. Refer to the current safety data sheets

(MSDS/SDS) for safety protocols.

Install the manifold for the QuikChem amperometric cyanide method on the Q8500 channel that will

do the analysis.

1. If there is already a manifold installed in the channel, remove the manifold from the channel as

follows:

a. Disconnect the manifold inlet and outlet tubing from the channel. Refer to the QuikChem

8500 Series 2 Installation documentation.

b. Lift the manifold off the channel.

2. Put the manifold for the QuikChem amperometric cyanide method on the channel.

3. Connect the manifold inlet and outlet tubing to the channel. Refer to the manifold diagram in the

QuikChem method and the QuikChem 8500 Series 2 Operations documentation to make tubing

connections.

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Plumb the outlet tubing

Use the supplied nut, ferrule and Teflon tubing to plumb the outlet of the flow cell to a waste

container. Refer to Figure 8.

Figure 8 Plumb the outlet tubing

1 Waste container 3 Enclosure drain tubing (factory installed)

2 Outlet tubing for the flow cell 4 Nut and ferrule for the outlet tubing

18 English

Connect the inlet tubing

Connect the inlet tubing of the flow cell to the manifold for the QuikChem amperometric cyanide

method. Refer to Figure 9.

Figure 9 Plumb the inlet tubing

1 Manifold 3 Inlet tubing for the flow cell

2 Tubing to heater 4 Inlet fitting and tubing for the flow cell (factory

installed)

Remove bubbles from the system

Bubbles in the system cause an unwanted, regular pattern of baseline oscillation with a period that is

the same as the pump rollers.

1. Remove the reference electrode from the flow cell. Turn the reference electrode holder to remove

the reference electrode from the flow cell.

2. Supply deionized water to the flow cell as follows:

a. Connect a tube from the pump to the heater. Refer to item 2 in Figure 9 on page 19.

Refer to the QuikChem 8500 Series 2 Installation documentation for pump tubing installation.

b. Put the other end of the tube in a container of deionized water.

c. Set the pump to a low flow rate (e.g., 0.5 mL/min). For pump operation, refer to the QuikChem

8500 Series 2 Operations documentation.

The reference electrode hole starts to fill.

3. Let the deionized water fill the reference electrode hole until no more bubbles are seen in the

hole.

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4. When the deionized water level is almost at the top of the hole, install the reference electrode.

Refer to Install a reference electrode on page 12.

5. Clean all spills with a lint-free cloth.

Look for leaks and blockages

Make sure that there are no leaks or blockages at the flow cell, the tubing or the fittings. Leaks and

blockages interfere with analysis.

1. Make sure that liquid comes out the outlet tube at the inlet flow rate.

2. If the flow is stopped or too low at the outlet tube, loosen the tube fittings and/or tube unions as

necessary to increase the flow.

Note: Flow is stopped or decreased if the tube fittings and/or tube unions are turned too tight.

3. If the flow does not increase, examine the tubing for damage and blockages. Replace tubing as

necessary.

4. Make sure that there are no leaks from the cell gasket area of the flow cell, the tubing, the fittings

or the reference electrode holder.

5. If a leak is found, fix the leak.

6. Set the pump speed to 35.

7. Do steps 1–5 again.

8. Set the flow to off.

User interface

N O T I C E

Do not touch the flow cell unless the CELL MODE knob is set to STBY or damage to the potentiostat and working

electrode can occur.

N O T I C E

Do not set the POWER switch of the potentiostat to ON or OFF unless the CELL MODE knob is set to STBY or

damage to the potentiostat and working electrode can occur.

Figure 10 shows the switches and knobs of the potentiostat. Refer to Table 1 and Table 2 for the

knob and switch descriptions.

Refer to Configure the potentiostat on page 22 to configure the potentiostat for the QuikChem

amperometric cyanide methods.

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Hach Lachat User Instructions

Hach Lachat User Instructions

Hach Lachat User Instructions

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