HP T1453-90001 User manual

Using HP-UX VLANs

HP 9000 Networking for HP-UX 11i

Manufacturing Part Number: T1453-90001

E0302

U. S. A.

2

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Contents

3

1. What are HP-UX VLANs?

HP-UX VLAN Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Beneﬁts of HP-UX VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Types of VLANs Supported by HP-UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

HP-UX VLAN Tagging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

System and Software Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Patches Required for the March 2002 HP-UX 11i-based Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Supported Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Unsupported Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

2. Overview of Installation and Conﬁguration

Planning HP-UX VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

How to Conﬁgure VLANs on the Switch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

How to Conﬁgure VLANs on HP-UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Choose Conﬁguration Method: Use SAM; Edit vlanconf; Use lanadmin. . . . . . . . . . 25

Conﬁguration Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Properties of a VLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Special Case of VLAN ID 0--Priority Tagged Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Promiscuous Mode Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Allowable Values for HP VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Using VLANs with MC/ServiceGuard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

How is 802.1p Priority Set?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

How do Pri and ToS Override Affect My Inbound and Outbound frames?. . . . . . . . . . 33

Setting 802.1p Priority, ToS, and Overrides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Where to Get More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

3. Conﬁguring VLANs Using SAM

Conﬁguring VLANs Using SAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4. Conﬁguring VLANs by Editing vlanconf File

Modifying Parameters in vlanconf File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

5. Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs

Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

lanadmin Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Using lanadmin to Create a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Using a VLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Using lanadmin to Modify a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Contents

4

Using lanadmin to Delete a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

A. Troubleshooting

Diagnostic Flowcharts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Flowchart 1: Link Level Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Flowchart 1a: Linkloop Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Flowchart 2: Network Level Tests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Flowchart 2 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

NetTL Trace and Log of VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Tables

5

Table 1-1. Needed Patches for HP-UX VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Table 2-1. Summary of VLAN Tagging Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Table 2-2. Allowable Values for Parameters in vlanconf File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Table 2-3. ToS to 802.1 User Priority Mappings Based on IP Precedence . . . . . . . . 32

Table 2-4. Allowable Settings for VLAN_PRI_OVERRIDE Value in vlanconf File . 33

Table 2-5. Allowable Settings for VLAN_TOS_OVERRIDE Value in vlanconf File. 34

Table A-1. Flowchart Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Tables

6

Figures

7

Figure 1-1. VLANs (Virtual LANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Figure 1-2. IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tag in Ethernet Frame. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Figure 1-3. VLANS Overlapping or Sharing the Same LAN Card Port . . . . . . . . . . 16

Figure 2-1. Communication between VLANS Requires an External Router . . . . . . 22

Figure 2-2. Tagged and Untagged VLAN Technology in Same Network . . . . . . . . . 23

Figure 2-3. VLANs and Service Guard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Figure 3-1. List Pulldown with Virtual LANs Displayed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Figure 3-2. Action Pulldown for Creating Virtual LANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Figure 3-3. Create Virtual LANs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Figure 3-4. Add an IP Address for the VLAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Figure A-1. Flowchart 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Figure A-2. Flowchart 1a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Figure A-3. Flowchart 1b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure A-4. Flowchart 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Figure A-5. Flowchart 2a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Figure A-6. Flowchart 2b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure A-7. Flowchart 2b (continued) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Figures

8

Chapter 1 9

1 What are HP-UX VLANs?

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Chapter 110

A Virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical or virtual network segment that can

span multiple physical network segments. Using VLANs, you can group

switched-network end-stations by:

• department, such as engineering and manufacturing,

• type of user, such as power users or those with special needs,

• application, or

• project

instead of physical location (Figure 1-1).

Figure 1-1 VLANs (Virtual LANs)

VLANs isolate broadcast and multicast trafﬁc by determining which

destinations should receive that trafﬁc, thereby making better use of

switch and end-station resources. With VLANs, broadcasts and

multicasts go only to the intended nodes in the virtual LAN.

End

Users

Servers

Switches

Router

LAN 2

Marketing VLAN

Engineering VLAN

Manufacturing VLAN

Router

Physical View

Logical View

Internetwork

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Chapter 1 11

VLANs create broadcast domains using switches instead of routers.

While VLANs in some environments may reduce the number of routers

needed (and their latency), you still need a router if you want the VLANs

to communicate with each other.

What are HP-UX VLANs?

HP-UX VLAN Features

Chapter 112

HP-UX VLAN Features

Following are some of the features of HP-UX VLANs:

• HP-UX VLANs are implemented with host-based IEEE 802.1Q/p

compliant tagging to allow conﬁguring multiple VLANs on a given

Ethernet LAN card based on their IP-subnet, protocol, or LAN card

port.

• HP VLANs are for use over fast Ethernet or gigabit Ethernet LAN

cards running on HP-UX 11i (11.11) PA-RISC-based servers and

workstations. HP-UX supports up to 1024 VLANS per LAN card

port.

• HP-UX VLANs do not require you to rewrite applications, install

new hardware, or recable. They are also compatible with HP

MC/ServiceGuard as well as HP’s online addition and replacement

(OLAR) capabilities.

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Beneﬁts of HP-UX VLANs

Chapter 1 13

Beneﬁts of HP-UX VLANs

The advantages of HP-UX VLANs are:

• Physically dispersed workgroups can be logically connected within

the same broadcast domain to appear as if they are on the same

physical LAN.

• A single physical link can simultaneously serve several IP subnets

when subnet-based VLANs are conﬁgured on that link.

• Switches no longer need to classify and tag trafﬁc. They focus on

forwarding packets.

• Workgroups requiring increased security can be logically connected

within the same broadcast domain. Broadcast trafﬁc will be isolated

within the secure group.

• End stations using VLANs can offer rudimentary class of service

(CoS) locally by prioritizing trafﬁc for certain activities.

• HP-UX VLANs can be created, modiﬁed, and deleted without

rebooting.

• HP-UX VLANs are interoperable with non-VLAN aware devices,

that is, devices such as servers or bridges that do not transmit or

receive tagged packets.

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Types of VLANs Supported by HP-UX

Chapter 114

Types of VLANs Supported by HP-UX

The types of HP-UX VLANs that you can create are as follows:

• NIC-Port Based--A group of physical LAN card ports belong to the

same layer-2 broadcast domain. Each LAN card port transmits and

receives frames belonging to the VLAN associated with that port.

Members of the same port-based VLAN all have the same VLAN ID.

A VLAN ID uniquely identiﬁes the VLAN to which a frame belongs.

• Protocol Based--Common protocols such as IP, IPX, AppleTalk,

Decnet, and NetBIOS are grouped into layer-2 broadcast domains.

• IP Subnet Based--Each IP subnet has its own unique VLAN. Trafﬁc

from different subnets is logically separated from each other as if

each subnet were on a different LAN segment.

Please refer to “Planning HP-UX VLANs” in this document for more

information on setting up the different types of VLANs described.

HP-UX VLANs conform to IEEE speciﬁcations 802.1Q (for VLAN

tagging) and IEEE 802.1p (MAC-level frame prioritizing) to provide

end-to-end class of service (CoS).

What are HP-UX VLANs?

HP-UX VLAN Tagging

Chapter 1 15

HP-UX VLAN Tagging

Network switches and end stations that know about VLANs are said to

be VLAN-aware. Network switches and end stations that can interpret

VLAN tags are said to be VLAN-tag-aware. HP-UX VLAN-tag-aware

end stations add VLAN tags to standard Ethernet frames--a process

called explicit tagging. A VLAN tag (Figure 1-2) identiﬁes which

VLAN a data frame belongs to and enables trafﬁc from more than one

VLAN to use the same switch or LAN card port (Figure 1-3).

When a VLAN-aware switch receives data from an end-station, the

switch determines where the data is to go and whether the VLAN ID

should be retained. If the data is to go to a device that can recognize the

VLAN tag, the VLAN tag is retained. If the data is to go to a device that

has no knowledge of VLANs (VLAN-unaware), the switch sends the

data without the VLAN tag.

Figure 1-2 IEEE 802.1Q VLAN Tag in Ethernet Frame

You must conﬁgure VLAN tagging on switch ports that interface to

end-stations that have tagged VLANs. If a switch or end-station port is

member of only a single, port-based VLAN, tagging is not required.

To transmit tagged frames, you must conﬁgure a VLAN on the

end-station with a VLAN ID that matches the VLAN ID of a tagged

VLAN on the switch port and the VLAN ID of a VLAN at the remote

end-station. Refer to the next 3 chapters in this guide for complete

details on conﬁguring VLANs on your HP-UX end stations.

Destination

Address

Source

Address

802.1Q

VLAN Tag

Type/Len Data Frame

Check

4 Bytes

User

Priority

3 bits

Canonical

1 bit

VLAN ID

12 bits

Format

Indicator

2 Bytes

Tag

ID

Protocol

2 Bytes (Tag Control Information)

What are HP-UX VLANs?

HP-UX VLAN Tagging

Chapter 116

Figure 1-3 VLANS Overlapping or Sharing the Same LAN Card Port

Server

HP Gigabit or Fast Ethernet

LAN Card

Port

VLAN0 VLAN1024

What are HP-UX VLANs?

System and Software Requirements

Chapter 1 17

System and Software Requirements

Following are the hardware and software requirements for VLANs as of

March 2002:

• Type of HP System Required

— HP-UX Precision Architecture (PA-RISC).

• OS Required

— HP-UX 11i (11.11). New HP servers and workstations shipped

after March 2002 already have VLAN technology pre-installed in

the operating environment. For computers shipped before March

2002, check the product Information Sheet to see if the VLAN

product can be loaded by way of required patches.

• VLANs work over all HP HSC and PCI 100Base LAN cards and all

HP HSC and PCI 1000Base LAN cards.

Patches Required for the March 2002 HP-UX 11i-based

Version

The following patches are required in order to use the HP-UX VLAN

software on HP-UX 11i-based systems.

These patch numbers are current at the time of publication and may be

superseded. Check to see if these patches are superseded, and download

patches at the following URL: http://us-support.external.hp.com/

Table 1-1 Needed Patches for HP-UX VLANs

Driver 11i Patch #

Transport PHNE_25644

100Base-T * PHNE_23465

Gigabit * PHNE_24491

nettl, netfmt, and nettladm PHNE_24473

LAN--core patch that enables

VLANs

PHNE_25388

What are HP-UX VLANs?

System and Software Requirements

Chapter 118

SAM PHCO_25866

* Either the 100Base-T or Gigabit patch

may be optional depending on which

link type you have.

Table 1-1 Needed Patches (Continued)for HP-UX VLANs (Continued)

Driver 11i Patch #

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Supported Switches

Chapter 1 19

Supported Switches

HP-UX VLANs are supported with switches that implement IEEE

802.1Q-compliant VLAN tagging. The switches must implement at least

port-based VLANs and must be VLAN-tag aware. The following switches

are among those that support HP-UX VLANs:

• HP ProCurve 9304M

• HP ProCurve 4000M/8000M

• Extreme Summit 7i

• Cisco Catalyst 6509

What are HP-UX VLANs?

Unsupported Functionality

Chapter 120

Unsupported Functionality

HP-UX VLANs do not support the following functionality:

• GARP VLAN registration protocol (GVRP) is currently not

supported. HP-UX VLANs will not send GVRP messages or interpret

them.

• HP-UX VLANs do not operate on:

— Any Itanium-based servers whether the LAN card is factory

installed or customer installed.

— HP-UX 11.20, 11.0, and 10.20.

— FDDI, Token Ring, ATM, 100VG, EISA, and HP-PB LAN cards.

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