Page is loading ...
Corporate Headquarters
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-1706
USA
http://www.cisco.com
Tel: 408 526-4000
800 553-NETS (6387)
Fax: 408 526-4100
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and
Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services
Module Configuration Guide
Release 2.3
Text Part Number: OL-6392-01
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL
STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT
WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.
THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT
SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE
OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT YOUR CISCO REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
The Cisco implementation of TCP header compression is an adaptation of a program developed by the University of California, Berkeley (UCB) as part of UCB’s public
domain version of the UNIX operating system. All rights reserved. Copyright © 1981, Regents of the University of California.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH
ALL FAULTS. CISCO AND THE ABOVE-NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT
LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF
DEALING, USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING,
WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF CISCO
OR ITS SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
CCSP, the Cisco Square Bridge logo, Follow Me Browsing, and StackWise are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; Changing the Way We Work, Live, Play, and Learn, and
iQuick Study are service marks of Cisco Systems, Inc.; and Access Registrar, Aironet, ASIST, BPX, Catalyst, CCDA, CCDP, CCIE, CCIP, CCNA, CCNP, Cisco, the Cisco
Certified Internetwork Expert logo, Cisco IOS, Cisco Press, Cisco Systems, Cisco Systems Capital, the Cisco Systems logo, Cisco Unity, Empowering the Internet Generation,
Enterprise/Solver, EtherChannel, EtherFast, EtherSwitch, Fast Step, FormShare, GigaDrive, GigaStack, HomeLink, Internet Quotient, IOS, IP/TV, iQ Expertise, the iQ logo,
iQ Net Readiness Scorecard, LightStream, Linksys, MeetingPlace, MGX, the Networkers logo, Networking Academy, Network Registrar, Packet, PIX, Post-Routing,
Pre-Routing, ProConnect, RateMUX, ScriptShare, SlideCast, SMARTnet, StrataView Plus, SwitchProbe, TeleRouter, The Fastest Way to Increase Your Internet Quotient,
TransPath, and VCO are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and certain other countries.
All other trademarks mentioned in this document or Website are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship
between Cisco and any other company. (0411R)
iii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
CONTENTS
About This Guide xvii
Document Objectives xvii
Audience xvii
Related Documentation xviii
Document Organization xviii
Document Conventions xix
Obtaining Documentation xix
Cisco.com xix
Ordering Documentation xx
Documentation Feedback xx
Obtaining Technical Assistance xx
Cisco Technical Support Website xx
Submitting a Service Request xxi
Definitions of Service Request Severity xxi
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information xxii
Quick Start Steps xxiii
Routed Firewall Configuration Steps xxiii
Transparent Firewall Configuration Steps xxv
CHAPTER
1 Introduction to the Firewall Services Module 1-1
Chassis System Requirements 1-2
Features 1-3
General Features 1-3
Stateful Inspection Feature 1-5
Other Protection Features 1-6
How the Firewall Services Module Works 1-8
Security Policy Overview 1-8
VLAN Interfaces 1-8
How the Firewall Services Module Works with the Switch 1-9
Using the MSFC 1-10
Routed Firewall and Transparent Firewall Modes 1-11
Security Contexts 1-12
Contents
iv
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
CHAPTER
2 Configuring the Switch for the Firewall Services Module 2-1
Switch Overview 2-1
Verifying the Module Installation 2-2
Assigning VLANs to the Firewall Services Module 2-2
Prerequisites 2-3
Assigning VLANs in Cisco IOS Software 2-3
Assigning VLANs in Catalyst Operating System Software 2-5
Adding Switched Virtual Interfaces to the MSFC 2-5
SVI Overview 2-6
Configuring SVIs for Cisco IOS Software on the Supervisor Engine 2-8
Configuring SVIs for Catalyst Operating System Software on the Supervisor Engine 2-9
Customizing the FWSM Internal Interface 2-11
Configuring the Switch for Failover 2-11
Assigning VLANs to the Secondary Firewall Services Module 2-12
Adding a Trunk Between a Primary Switch and Secondary Switch 2-12
Ensuring Compatibility with Transparent Firewall Mode 2-12
Managing the Firewall Services Module Boot Partitions 2-12
Flash Memory Overview 2-13
Setting the Default Boot Partition 2-13
Resetting the FWSM or Booting from a Specific Partition 2-13
Resetting the FWSM in Cisco IOS Software 2-14
Resetting the FWSM in Catalyst Operating System Software 2-14
CHAPTER
3 Connecting to the Firewall Services Module and Managing the Configuration 3-1
Sessioning and Logging into the Firewall Services Module 3-1
Managing the Configuration at the CLI 3-3
Saving Configuration Changes 3-3
Viewing the Configuration 3-3
Clearing and Removing Configuration Settings 3-4
Creating Text Configuration Files Offline 3-4
CHAPTER
4 Configuring the Firewall Mode 4-1
Firewall Mode Overview 4-1
Routed Mode Overview 4-1
IP Routing Support 4-2
Network Address Translation 4-2
How Data Moves Through the FWSM in Routed Firewall Mode 4-3
Transparent Mode Overview 4-8
Contents
v
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Transparent Firewall Features 4-9
Using the Transparent Firewall in Your Network 4-10
Transparent Firewall Guidelines 4-11
How Data Moves Through the Transparent Firewall 4-12
Setting the Firewall Mode 4-16
CHAPTER
5 Managing Security Contexts 5-1
Security Context Overview 5-1
Common Uses for Security Contexts 5-2
Context Configuration Files 5-2
How the FWSM Classifies Packets 5-2
IP Routing Support 5-5
Sharing Resources and Interfaces Between Contexts 5-5
Sharing Resources 5-6
Shared Interface Limitations 5-7
Logging into the FWSM in Multiple Context Mode 5-9
Enabling or Disabling Multiple Context Mode 5-10
Backing Up the Single Mode Configuration 5-10
Entering an Activation Key for Multiple Security Contexts 5-10
Enabling Multiple Context Mode 5-11
Restoring Single Context Mode 5-11
Configuring Resource Management 5-11
Classes and Class Members Overview 5-12
Resource Limits 5-12
Default Class 5-13
Class Members 5-14
Configuring a Class 5-14
ACL Memory Partitions Overview 5-17
Configuring ACL Memory Partitions 5-17
Configuring a Security Context 5-19
Removing a Security Context 5-22
Changing the Admin Context 5-22
Changing Between Contexts and the System Execution Space 5-22
Changing the Security Context URL 5-23
Reloading a Security Context 5-24
Reloading by Clearing the Configuration 5-24
Reloading by Removing and Re-adding the Context 5-24
Monitoring Security Contexts 5-24
Contents
vi
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Viewing Context Information 5-25
Viewing Resource Allocation 5-26
Viewing Resource Usage 5-28
Monitoring SYN Attacks using TCP Intercept 5-29
CHAPTER
6 Configuring Basic Settings 6-1
Changing the Passwords 6-1
Changing the Login Password 6-2
Changing the Enable Password 6-2
Changing the Maintenance Partition Passwords 6-2
Setting the Host Name 6-4
Setting the Domain Name 6-5
Adding a Login Banner 6-5
Configuring Interfaces 6-6
Security Level Overview 6-6
Setting the Name and Security Level 6-7
Allowing Communication Between Interfaces on the Same Security Level 6-8
Turning Off and Turning On Interfaces 6-10
Configuring Connection Limits for Non-NAT Configurations 6-10
CHAPTER
7 Configuring Bridging Parameters and ARP Inspection 7-1
Customizing the MAC Address Table 7-1
MAC Address Table Overview 7-1
Adding a Static MAC Address 7-2
Setting the MAC Address Timeout 7-2
Disabling MAC Address Learning 7-2
Viewing the MAC Address Table 7-3
Configuring ARP Inspection 7-3
ARP Inspection Overview 7-3
Adding a Static ARP Entry 7-4
Enabling ARP Inspection 7-4
CHAPTER
8 Configuring IP Addresses, Routing, and DHCP 8-1
Configuring IP Addresses 8-1
Assigning IP Addresses to Interfaces for a Routed Firewall 8-2
Setting the Management IP Address for a Transparent Firewall 8-2
Configuring the Default Route 8-2
Configuring Static Routes 8-3
Contents
vii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Configuring OSPF 8-4
OSPF Overview 8-4
Enabling OSPF 8-5
Redistributing Routes Between OSPF Processes 8-6
Adding a Route Map 8-6
Redistributing Static, Connected, or OSPF Routes to an OSPF Process 8-8
Configuring OSPF Interface Parameters 8-9
Configuring OSPF Area Parameters 8-11
Configuring OSPF NSSA 8-12
Configuring Route Summarization Between OSPF Areas 8-13
Configuring Route Summarization When Redistributing Routes into OSPF 8-14
Generating a Default Route 8-14
Configuring Route Calculation Timers 8-15
Logging Neighbors Going Up or Down 8-15
Displaying OSPF Update Packet Pacing 8-16
Monitoring OSPF 8-16
Restarting the OSPF Process 8-17
Configuring RIP 8-18
RIP Overview 8-18
Enabling RIP 8-18
Configuring the DHCP Server 8-19
Enabling the DHCP Server 8-19
Using Cisco IP Phones with a DHCP Server 8-20
Configuring DHCP Relay 8-21
CHAPTER
9 Configuring Network Address Translation 9-1
NAT Overview 9-1
Introduction to NAT 9-2
NAT Types 9-3
Dynamic NAT 9-3
PAT 9-4
Static NAT 9-5
Static PAT 9-5
Bypassing NAT 9-7
Policy NAT 9-8
Outside NAT 9-10
NAT and Same Security Level Interfaces 9-11
Order of NAT Commands Used to Match Local Addresses 9-12
Maximum Number of NAT Statements 9-12
Contents
viii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Global Address Guidelines 9-12
DNS and NAT 9-13
Setting Connection Limits in the NAT Configuration 9-16
Using Dynamic NAT and PAT 9-16
Dynamic NAT and PAT Implementation 9-17
Configuring NAT or PAT 9-23
Using Static NAT 9-26
Using Static PAT 9-27
Bypassing NAT 9-29
Configuring Identity NAT 9-29
Configuring Static Identity NAT 9-30
Configuring NAT Exemption 9-31
NAT Examples 9-32
Overlapping Networks 9-33
Redirecting Ports 9-34
CHAPTER
10 Controlling Network Access with Access Control Lists 10-1
Access Control List Overview 10-1
Access Control List Types and Uses 10-2
Access Control List Type Overview 10-2
Controlling Network Access for IP Traffic (Extended) 10-2
Identifying Traffic for AAA rules (Extended) 10-3
Controlling Network Access for IP Traffic for a Given User (Extended) 10-4
Identifying Addresses for Policy NAT and NAT Exemption (Extended) 10-4
VPN Management Access (Extended) 10-5
Controlling Network Access for Non-IP Traffic (EtherType) 10-5
Redistributing OSPF Routes (Standard) 10-6
Access Control List Guidelines 10-6
Access Control Entry Order 10-6
Access Control List Implicit Deny 10-6
Access Control List Commit 10-6
Maximum Number of ACEs 10-7
IP Addresses Used for Access Control Lists When You Use NAT 10-7
Inbound and Outbound Access Control Lists 10-10
Access Control List Override 10-13
Adding an Extended Access Control List 10-13
Adding an EtherType Access Control List 10-16
Adding a Standard Access Control List 10-17
Contents
ix
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Simplifying Access Control Lists with Object Grouping 10-18
How Object Grouping Works 10-18
Adding Object Groups 10-19
Adding a Protocol Object Group 10-19
Adding a Network Object Group 10-20
Adding a Service Object Group 10-20
Adding an ICMP Type Object Group 10-21
Nesting Object Groups 10-22
Using Object Groups with an Access Control List 10-23
Displaying Object Groups 10-24
Removing Object Groups 10-24
Manually Committing Access Control Lists and Rules 10-24
Adding Remarks to Access Control Lists 10-25
Logging Extended Access Control List Activity 10-26
Access Control List Logging Overview 10-26
Configuring Logging for an Access Control Entry 10-27
Managing Deny Flows 10-28
CHAPTER
11 Allowing Remote Management 11-1
Allowing Telnet 11-1
Allowing SSH 11-2
Configuring SSH Access 11-3
Using an SSH Client 11-4
Allowing HTTPS for PDM 11-4
Allowing a VPN Management Connection 11-5
Configuring Basic Settings for All Tunnels 11-5
Configuring VPN Client Access 11-7
Configuring a Site-to-Site Tunnel 11-9
Allowing ICMP to and from the FWSM 11-10
CHAPTER
12 Configuring AAA 12-1
AAA Overview 12-1
AAA Performance 12-2
About Authentication 12-2
About Authorization 12-2
About Accounting 12-3
AAA Server and Local Database Support 12-4
Configuring the Local Database 12-6
Contents
x
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Identifying a AAA Server 12-6
Configuring Authentication for CLI Access 12-8
Configuring Authentication to Access Privileged Mode 12-8
Configuring Authentication for the enable Command 12-9
Authenticating Users Using the login Command 12-9
Configuring Command Authorization 12-10
Command Authorization Overview 12-10
Configuring Local Command Authorization 12-10
Local Command Authorization Prerequisites 12-11
Default Command Privilege Levels 12-11
Assigning Privilege Levels to Commands and Enabling Authorization 12-11
Viewing Command Privilege Levels 12-13
Configuring TACACS+ Command Authorization 12-13
TACACS+ Command Authorization Prerequisites 12-14
Configuring Commands on the TACACS+ Server 12-14
Enabling TACACS+ Command Authorization 12-17
Viewing the Current Logged-In User 12-18
Recovering from a Lockout 12-19
Configuring Authentication for Network Access 12-20
Authentication Overview 12-20
Enabling Network Access Authentication 12-21
Enabling Secure Authentication of Web Clients 12-22
Configuring Authorization for Network Access 12-23
Configuring TACACS+ Authorization 12-24
Configuring RADIUS Authorization 12-25
Configuring the RADIUS Server to Download Per-User Access Control Lists 12-25
Configuring the RADIUS Server to Download Per-User Access Control List Names 12-27
Configuring Accounting for Network Access 12-27
CHAPTER
13 Configuring Application Protocol Inspection 13-1
Inspection Engine Overview 13-1
When to Use Application Protocol Inspection 13-1
Inspection Limitations 13-2
Inspection Support 13-2
Configuring an Inspection Engine 13-4
Detailed Information About Inspection Engines 13-5
CUSeeMe Inspection Engine 13-5
DNS over UDP Inspection Engine 13-6
Contents
xi
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
FTP Inspection Engine 13-6
H.323 Inspection Engine 13-7
Configuring the H.323 Inspection Engine 13-7
Multiple Calls on One Call Signalling Connection 13-8
Viewing Connection Status 13-8
Technical Background 13-8
HTTP Inspection Engine 13-10
ICMP Inspection Engine 13-10
ICMP Error Inspection Engine 13-11
ILS Inspection Engine 13-11
MGCP Inspection Engine 13-12
MGCP Overview 13-13
Configuration for Multiple Call Agents and Gateways 13-13
Viewing MGCP Information 13-14
NetBios Name Service Inspection Engine 13-14
OraServ Inspection Engine 13-14
RealAudio Inspection Engine 13-14
RSH Inspection Engine 13-15
RTSP Inspection Engine 13-15
SIP Inspection Engine 13-16
Configuring the SIP Inspection Engine 13-16
SIP Overview 13-17
Technical Background 13-17
Skinny Inspection Engine 13-18
Skinny Overview 13-18
Problems with Fragmented Skinny Packets 13-19
SMTP Inspection Engine 13-19
SQL*Net Inspection Engine 13-20
Sun RPC Inspection Engine 13-21
TFTP Inspection Engine 13-21
XDMCP Inspection Engine 13-22
CHAPTER
14 Filtering HTTP, HTTPS, or FTP Requests Using an External Server 14-1
Filtering Overview 14-1
Configuring General Filtering Parameters 14-2
Identifying the Filtering Server 14-2
Buffering Replies 14-3
Setting the Maximum Length of Long HTTP URLs 14-4
Caching URL Servers 14-4
Contents
xii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Filtering HTTP URLs 14-5
Filtering HTTPS URLs 14-6
Filtering FTP Requests 14-6
Viewing Filtering Statistics 14-6
Viewing Filtering Server Statistics 14-7
Viewing Caching Statistics 14-7
Viewing Filtering Performance Statistics 14-8
CHAPTER
15 Using Failover 15-1
Understanding Failover 15-1
Failover Overview 15-2
Regular and Stateful Failover 15-2
Failover and State Links 15-3
Failover Link 15-3
State Link 15-3
Module Placement 15-4
Intra-Chassis Failover 15-4
Inter-Chassis Failover 15-4
Transparent Firewall Requirements 15-9
Primary/Secondary Status and Active/Standby Status 15-10
Configuration Replication 15-10
Disabling Configuration Synchronization 15-12
Failover Triggers 15-12
Failover Actions 15-12
Failover Monitoring 15-13
Module Health Monitoring 15-13
Interface Monitoring 15-14
Configuring Failover 15-15
Configuring the Primary Module 15-15
Configuring the Secondary Module 15-18
Verifying the Failover Configuration 15-19
Using the Show Failover Command 15-19
Viewing Monitored Interfaces 15-22
Testing the Failover Functionality 15-22
Forcing Failover 15-23
Disabling Failover 15-23
Monitoring Failover 15-23
Failover System Messages 15-24
SNMP 15-24
Contents
xiii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Debug Messages 15-24
Frequently Asked Failover Questions 15-24
Configuration Replication Questions 15-24
Basic Failover Questions 15-25
Stateful Failover Questions 15-26
Failover Configuration Example 15-27
CHAPTER
16 Managing Software and Configuration Files 16-1
Installing Application or PDM Software 16-1
Installation Overview 16-1
Installing Application or PDM Software to the Current Partition 16-2
Installing Application Software to Any Application Partition 16-3
Installing Maintenance Software 16-5
Downloading and Backing Up Configuration Files 16-5
Downloading a Text Configuration 16-6
Backing Up the Configuration 16-7
Copying the Configuration to a Server 16-7
Copying the Configuration from the Terminal Display 16-8
CHAPTER
17 Monitoring and Troubleshooting the Firewall Services Module 17-1
Monitoring the Firewall Services Module 17-1
Using System Messages 17-1
Using SNMP 17-1
SNMP Overview 17-2
Enabling SNMP 17-3
Troubleshooting the Firewall Services Module 17-4
Testing Your Configuration 17-4
Enabling ICMP Debug Messages and System Messages 17-4
Pinging FWSM Interfaces 17-5
Pinging Through the FWSM 17-7
Disabling the Test Configuration 17-8
Reloading the Firewall Services Module 17-8
Reloading the FWSM from the FWSM CLI 17-8
Reloading the FWSM from the Switch 17-9
Troubleshooting Passwords and AAA 17-9
Clearing the Application Partition Passwords and AAA Settings 17-9
Recovering the Maintenance Partition Passwords 17-10
Other Troubleshooting Tools 17-10
Viewing Debug Messages 17-10
Contents
xiv
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Capturing Packets 17-10
Viewing the Crash Dump 17-11
Common Problems 17-11
APPENDIX
A Specifications A-1
Physical Attributes A-1
Feature Limits A-2
Managed System Resources A-3
Fixed System Resources A-4
Rule Limits A-5
APPENDIX
B Sample Configurations B-1
Routed Mode Examples B-1
Example 1: Security Contexts With Outside Access B-1
Example 1: System Configuration B-2
Example 1: Admin Context Configuration B-3
Example 1: Customer A Context Configuration B-4
Example 1: Customer B Context Configuration B-4
Example 1: Customer C Context Configuration B-4
Example 1: Switch Configuration B-5
Example 2: Single Mode Using Same Security Level B-5
Example 2: FWSM Configuration B-6
Example 2: Switch Configuration B-7
Example 3: Shared Resources for Multiple Contexts B-8
Example 3: System Configuration B-9
Example 3: Admin Context Configuration B-9
Example 3: Department 1 Context Configuration B-10
Example 3: Department 2 Context Configuration B-11
Example 3: Switch Configuration B-11
Example 4: Failover B-11
Example 4: Primary FWSM Configuration B-12
Example 4: Secondary FWSM System Configuration B-14
Example 4: Switch Configuration B-14
Transparent Mode Examples B-15
Example 5: Security Contexts With Outside Access B-15
Example 5: System Configuration B-16
Example 5: Admin Context Configuration B-17
Example 5: Customer A Context Configuration B-17
Example 5: Customer B Context Configuration B-17
Contents
xv
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
Example 5: Customer C Context Configuration B-18
Example 5: Switch Configuration B-18
Example 6: Failover B-18
Example 6: Primary FWSM Configuration B-19
Example 6: Secondary FWSM System Configuration B-21
Example 6: Switch Configuration B-21
APPENDIX
C Understanding the Command-Line Interface C-1
Command Prompts C-1
Syntax Formatting C-2
Abbreviating Commands C-2
Command Line Editing C-3
Filtering Show Command Output C-3
Command Output Paging C-4
Adding Comments C-4
Text Configuration Files C-4
How Commands Correspond with Lines in the Text File C-5
Subcommands C-5
Automatic Text Entries C-5
Line Order C-5
Commands Not Included in the Text Configuration C-5
Passwords C-6
Multiple Security Context Files C-6
Command Help C-6
APPENDIX
D Addresses, Protocols, and Ports Reference D-1
IP Addresses and Subnet Masks D-1
Classes D-1
Private Networks D-2
Subnet Masks D-2
Determining the Subnet Mask D-3
Determining the Address to Use with the Subnet Mask D-3
Protocols and Applications D-5
TCP and UDP Ports D-6
ICMP Types D-9
xvii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
About This Guide
This guide contains the following sections:
• Document Objectives, page xvii
• Audience, page xvii
• Related Documentation, page xviii
• Document Organization, page xviii
• Document Conventions, page xix
• Obtaining Documentation, page xix
• Documentation Feedback, page xx
• Obtaining Technical Assistance, page xx
• Obtaining Additional Publications and Information, page xxii
Document Objectives
The purpose of this guide is to help you configure the Firewall Services Module (FWSM) for the most
common scenarios using the command line interface. It does not cover every feature, but it does describe
those tasks most commonly required for configuration.
Audience
This guide is for network managers who perform any of the following tasks:
• Managing network security
• Installing and configuring firewalls
• Managing default and static routes, and TCP and UDP services
xviii
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
About This Guide
Related Documentation
Related Documentation
For more information, refer to the following documentation set for the FWSM:
• Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Command
Reference
• Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module System
Messages Guide
• Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Installation
Note
• Release Notes for the Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services
Module
Document Organization
This guide includes the following chapters and appendixes:
• “Quick Start Steps” provides pointers to the minimum configuration required for routed or
transparent mode.
• Chapter 1, “Introduction to the Firewall Services Module,” describes the system requirements and
features.
• Chapter 2, “Configuring the Switch for the Firewall Services Module,” tells how to configure the
switch for use with the FWSM.
• Chapter 3, “Connecting to the Firewall Services Module and Managing the Configuration,” tells
how to access the FWSM command line interface (CLI) and manage the configuration.
• Chapter 4, “Configuring the Firewall Mode,” tells how to set the firewall mode.
• Chapter 5, “Managing Security Contexts,” tells how to configure multiple security contexts.
• Chapter 6, “Configuring Basic Settings,” tells how to configure basic settings that are either
essential or useful to the operation of your FWSM.
• Chapter 7, “Configuring Bridging Parameters and ARP Inspection,” tells how to customize the
operation of the transparent firewall.
• Chapter 8, “Configuring IP Addresses, Routing, and DHCP,” tells how to configure IP addresses,
static routes, dynamic routing, and DHCP.
• Chapter 9, “Configuring Network Address Translation,” tells how to configure Network Address
Translation (NAT).
• Chapter 10, “Controlling Network Access with Access Control Lists,” tells how to control network
access through the FWSM using access control lists (ACLs).
• Chapter 11, “Allowing Remote Management,” tells how to allow remote management access to the
FWSM.
• Chapter 12, “Configuring AAA,” tells how to configure AAA, which includes command
authorization, CLI access authentication, and AAA for traffic through the FWSM.
• Chapter 13, “Configuring Application Protocol Inspection,” tells how to configure inspection
engines.
• Chapter 14, “Filtering HTTP, HTTPS, or FTP Requests Using an External Server,” tells how to
configure filtering.
xix
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
About This Guide
Document Conventions
• Chapter 15, “Using Failover,” tells how to configure a primary and secondary FWSM for
redundancy.
• Chapter 16, “Managing Software and Configuration Files,” tells how to upgrade or reinstall FWSM
software.
• Chapter 17, “Monitoring and Troubleshooting the Firewall Services Module,” tells how to monitor
and troubleshoot the FWSM. See the Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router
Firewall Services Module System Messages Guide for detailed information about system logging.
• Appendix A, “Specifications,” lists the specifications for the FWSM.
• Appendix B, “Sample Configurations,” shows some common scenarios and the configurations that
support them.
• Appendix C, “Understanding the Command-Line Interface,” describes the CLI.
• Appendix D, “Addresses, Protocols, and Ports Reference,” provides reference information,
including lists of TCP, UDP, and ICMP port types, and common subnet masks.
• Appendix E, “Acronyms and Abbreviations,” lists acronyms and abbreviations used in this guide.
• “Index” provides easy access to topics within the guide.
Document Conventions
This guide uses the following conventions:
Note Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not
covered in the manual.
Syntax formatting is described in the “Syntax Formatting” section on page C-2.
Obtaining Documentation
Cisco documentation and additional literature are available on Cisco.com. Cisco also provides several
ways to obtain technical assistance and other technical resources. These sections explain how to obtain
technical information from Cisco Systems.
Cisco.com
You can access the most current Cisco documentation at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/home/home.htm
You can access the Cisco website at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com
You can access international Cisco websites at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
xx
Catalyst 6500 Series Switch and Cisco 7600 Series Router Firewall Services Module Configuration Guide
OL-6392-01
About This Guide
Documentation Feedback
Ordering Documentation
You can find instructions for ordering documentation at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/es_inpck/pdi.htm
You can order Cisco documentation in these ways:
• Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from
the Ordering tool:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/ordering/index.shtml
• Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by
calling Cisco Systems Corporate Headquarters (California, USA) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in
North America, by calling 1 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback
You can send comments about technical documentation to bug-doc@cisco.com.
You can submit comments by using the response card (if present) behind the front cover of your
document or by writing to the following address:
Cisco Systems
Attn: Customer Document Ordering
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95134-9883
We appreciate your comments.
Obtaining Technical Assistance
For all customers, partners, resellers, and distributors who hold valid Cisco service contracts, Cisco
Technical Support provides 24-hour-a-day, award-winning technical assistance. The Cisco Technical
Support Website on Cisco.com features extensive online support resources. In addition, Cisco Technical
Assistance Center (TAC) engineers provide telephone support. If you do not hold a valid Cisco service
contract, contact your reseller.
Cisco Technical Support Website
The Cisco Technical Support Website provides online documents and tools for troubleshooting and
resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. The website is available 24 hours a day,
365 days a year, at this URL:
http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Access to all tools on the Cisco Technical Support Website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.
If you have a valid service contract but do not have a user ID or password, you can register at this URL:
http://tools.cisco.com/RPF/register/register.do
/
