Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

Dell Networking OS Configuration Guide for the

Z9100–ON System

9.11(0.0)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 01

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Configuration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................42

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42

Example of the grep Keyword..................................................................................................................................42

Multiple Users in Configuration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started........................................................................................................................................... 44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................46

Default Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 47

Configuring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely................................................................................................................................... 47

Accessing the System Remotely............................................................................................................................. 47

Configure the Management Port IP Address.........................................................................................................47

Configure a Management Route............................................................................................................................. 48

Configuring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48

Configuring the Enable Password................................................................................................................................. 48

Configuration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System.........................................................................................................................49

Mounting an NFS File System................................................................................................................................. 50

Save the Running-Configuration..............................................................................................................................51

Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...............................................................................................52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 53

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54

Using HTTP for File Transfers....................................................................................................................................... 54

Verify Software Images Before Installation..................................................................................................................54

Contents

3

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 56

Configuring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 56

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................57

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 57

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode....................................................................... 57

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................57

Allowing Access to Different Modes....................................................................................................................... 57

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................59

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line......................................................................................................... 59

Configuring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 59

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................60

Configuring Logging Format ................................................................................................................................... 61

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................61

Log Messages in the Internal Buffer............................................................................................................................. 63

Configuration Task List for System Log Management.........................................................................................63

Disabling System Logging...............................................................................................................................................63

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................63

Configuring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.................................................................................................... 63

Track Login Activity.........................................................................................................................................................64

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity..................................................................................................................64

Configuring Login Activity Tracking........................................................................................................................ 64

Display Login Statistics............................................................................................................................................. 65

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions................................................................................................................................... 66

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions............................................................................66

Configuring Concurrent Session Limit.................................................................................................................... 66

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 67

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 68

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 68

Display the Logging Buffer and the Logging Configuration....................................................................................... 69

Configuring a UNIX Logging Facility Level................................................................................................................... 69

Synchronizing Log Messages.........................................................................................................................................70

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.....................................................................................................................71

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................71

Configuration Task List for File Transfer Services................................................................................................. 71

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 72

Configuring FTP Server Parameters....................................................................................................................... 72

Configuring FTP Client Parameters.........................................................................................................................72

Terminal Lines...................................................................................................................................................................73

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line............................................................................................... 73

Configuring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines............................................................................................ 74

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode...................................................................................................................75

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.........................................................................................................76

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode.......................................................................................................................................76

Viewing the Configuration Lock Status.................................................................................................................. 76

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 77

4

Contents

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 78

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................... 78

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables.................................................................................................78

5 802.1X......................................................................................................................................................... 80

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................82

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................82

Configuring 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 83

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................... 83

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 83

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................84

Configuring dot1x Profile ............................................................................................................................................... 85

Configuring the Static MAB and MAB Profile ............................................................................................................ 86

Configuring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................86

Configuring MAC addresses for a do1x Profile............................................................................................................ 87

Configuring Request Identity Re-Transmissions..........................................................................................................88

Configuring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication.....................................................................................88

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port...............................................................................................................89

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................90

Configuring Timeouts.......................................................................................................................................................91

Configuring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication.......................................................................... 92

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 93

Configuring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 93

Configuring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................93

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................95

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs..................................................................95

Guidelines for Configuring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................96

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups and Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................96

Configuring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................................... 96

Configuring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 97

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................98

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes....................................................................................................................99

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)...................................................................................................................... 100

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................101

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................102

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS......................................................................................................... 103

Configure ACL Range Profiles......................................................................................................................................104

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................105

Configuration Task List for Route Maps...............................................................................................................105

Configuring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................108

Configuring Set Conditions.....................................................................................................................................109

Configure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................110

Configure a Route Map for Route Tagging........................................................................................................... 110

Continue Clause......................................................................................................................................................... 111

Contents

5

IP Fragment Handling......................................................................................................................................................111

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................111

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 112

Configure a Standard IP ACL........................................................................................................................................ 113

Configuring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 114

Configure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................114

Configuring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................115

Configuring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 116

Configure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................117

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface.................................................................................................................................. 117

Applying an IP ACL..........................................................................................................................................................118

Counting ACL Hits.................................................................................................................................................... 118

Configure Ingress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................118

Configure Egress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 119

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane)................................................................................................... 120

Configuring UDF ACL.................................................................................................................................................... 120

IP Prefix Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 123

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 123

Configuration Task List for Prefix Lists................................................................................................................. 123

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 127

Resequencing an ACL or Prefix List.......................................................................................................................127

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................129

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................129

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs..................................................................................................................129

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring...................................................................................................................... 129

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................ 131

Configuring IP Mirror Access Group.............................................................................................................................131

Sample Configuration...............................................................................................................................................132

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface...............................................................132

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)..................................................................................................133

How BFD Works.............................................................................................................................................................133

BFD Packet Format................................................................................................................................................. 134

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 135

BFD Three-Way Handshake................................................................................................................................... 136

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................138

Important Points to Remember....................................................................................................................................138

Configure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 138

Configure BFD for Physical Ports.......................................................................................................................... 139

Configure BFD for Static Routes........................................................................................................................... 140

Configure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................143

Configure BFD for OSPFv3.................................................................................................................................... 146

Configure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................147

Configure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................149

Configure BFD for VRRP........................................................................................................................................ 156

Configuring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................159

6

Contents

Troubleshooting BFD...............................................................................................................................................159

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4).....................................................................................................161

Autonomous Systems (AS)........................................................................................................................................... 161

Sessions and Peers........................................................................................................................................................ 163

Establish a Session...................................................................................................................................................163

Route Reflectors............................................................................................................................................................ 164

BGP Attributes............................................................................................................................................................... 165

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................166

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................167

Local Preference...................................................................................................................................................... 167

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs).......................................................................................................................... 168

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................169

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................170

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 170

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................170

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................171

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support...................................................................................................................... 171

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes.........................................................................................171

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................172

Four-Byte AS Numbers........................................................................................................................................... 172

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 172

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 174

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................175

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................175

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................. 176

BGP Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 176

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................177

Configuring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................180

Configuring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................182

Configuring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................184

Configuring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 186

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................186

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path.......................................................................................187

Enabling Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................... 188

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 189

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute...........................................................................................................................189

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................. 191

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 192

Enabling Additional Paths........................................................................................................................................193

Configuring IP Community Lists.............................................................................................................................193

Configuring an IP Extended Community List........................................................................................................194

Filtering Routes with Community Lists..................................................................................................................195

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute.............................................................................................................196

Changing MED Attributes....................................................................................................................................... 197

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute.................................................................................................. 197

Contents

7

Configuring the local System or a Different System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............198

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute........................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................199

Filtering BGP Routes............................................................................................................................................... 199

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps.............................................................................................................. 201

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................. 201

Configuring BGP Route Reflectors....................................................................................................................... 202

Aggregating Routes................................................................................................................................................ 203

Configuring BGP Confederations..........................................................................................................................203

Enabling Route Flap Dampening............................................................................................................................204

Changing BGP Timers.............................................................................................................................................206

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconfiguration.................................................................................................... 206

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors.....................................................................................................................207

Route Map Continue...............................................................................................................................................209

Enabling MBGP Configurations................................................................................................................................... 209

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................ 210

Debugging BGP.............................................................................................................................................................. 210

Storing Last and Bad PDUs..................................................................................................................................... 211

Capturing PDUs........................................................................................................................................................212

PDU Counters...........................................................................................................................................................213

Sample Configurations...................................................................................................................................................213

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)...................................................................................................... 220

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 220

Test CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................... 222

View CAM-ACL Settings..............................................................................................................................................222

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................223

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 224

Troubleshoot CAM Profiling.........................................................................................................................................224

QoS CAM Region Limitation.................................................................................................................................. 224

Syslog Error When the Table is Full.......................................................................................................................224

Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM........................................................................................225

Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Configured Extended Prefixes...................................................225

Unified Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes.....................................................................................................................225

Configuring UFT Modes......................................................................................................................................... 225

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP)..................................................................................................................227

Configure Control Plane Policing.................................................................................................................................228

Configuring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................229

Configuring CoPP for CPU Queues.......................................................................................................................231

Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping..........................................................................................................................232

Configuring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping.................................................................................................... 232

Displaying CoPP Configuration .............................................................................................................................233

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB).....................................................................................................................235

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................235

8

Contents

Priority-Based Flow Control...................................................................................................................................236

Enhanced Transmission Selection......................................................................................................................... 237

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx).............................................................................................. 238

Data Center Bridging in a Traffic Flow................................................................................................................. 239

Buffer Organization in Z9100–ON........................................................................................................................ 239

Enabling Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................................................241

DCB Maps and its Attributes.................................................................................................................................. 241

Data Center Bridging: Default Configuration............................................................................................................. 242

Configuring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................242

Configuring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 243

Configuring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 245

PFC Configuration Notes....................................................................................................................................... 245

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................246

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................246

Configuring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................247

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................... 247

Pause and Resume of Traffic.................................................................................................................................247

Buffer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................248

Behavior of Tagged Packets........................................................................................................................................248

Configuration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................249

SNMP Support for PFC and Buffer Statistics Tracking...........................................................................................249

Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits........................................................................................250

PFC and ETS Configuration Examples....................................................................................................................... 250

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................251

Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................251

Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................251

Configure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................251

Creating an ETS Priority Group............................................................................................................................. 252

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................253

Configuring ETS in a DCB Map............................................................................................................................. 253

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies.........................................................................................................254

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Traffic..................................................................................................255

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack....................................................................................................................255

Configure a DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................... 255

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................256

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................256

DCB Configuration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 257

Configuration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 258

Propagation of DCB Information...........................................................................................................................258

Auto-Detection and Manual Configuration of the DCBx Version..................................................................... 258

DCBx Example......................................................................................................................................................... 259

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................259

Configuring DCBx....................................................................................................................................................260

Verifying the DCB Configuration.................................................................................................................................263

QoS dot1p Traffic Classification and Queue Assignment......................................................................................... 270

Contents

9

Configuring the Dynamic Buffer Method................................................................................................................... 270

Sample DCB Configuration............................................................................................................................................271

PFC and ETS Configuration Command Examples...............................................................................................273

13 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................274

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 274

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................276

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 276

Configure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................277

Configuring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................277

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................279

Configure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 279

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................279

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 279

Creating Manual Binding Entries........................................................................................................................... 280

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................280

Using DHCP Clear Commands.............................................................................................................................. 280

Configure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 281

Configuring the DHCP Client System....................................................................................................................281

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................283

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features...................................................................................................... 283

Configure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................284

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................284

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................285

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only................................................................................................... 288

Dynamic ARP Inspection........................................................................................................................................ 289

Configuring Dynamic ARP Inspection...................................................................................................................290

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 291

Enabling IP Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................. 291

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................292

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation......................................................................................................292

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................293

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.................................................................................................. 293

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................294

ECMP for Flow-Based Affinity.................................................................................................................................... 294

Configuring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 294

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 294

Configuring the Hash Algorithm Seed.................................................................................................................. 295

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 295

Managing ECMP Group Paths.............................................................................................................................. 296

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................296

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 296

Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prefixes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table.................................... 297

Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................ 298

Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prefixes and /32 IPv4 Prefixes ........................................................................298

10

Contents

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................299

Fibre Channel over Ethernet........................................................................................................................................299

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network........................................................................................... 299

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................301

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 303

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.................................................................................................................................... 303

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................303

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature....................................................................................................................... 304

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................305

Configure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................305

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link...................................................................................................... 305

Configure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link.......................................................................................................... 305

Impact on Other Software Features.....................................................................................................................305

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 306

Configuring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................306

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................307

FCoE Transit Configuration Example...........................................................................................................................312

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................ 314

Flex Hash Capability Overview..................................................................................................................................... 314

Configuring the Flex Hash Mechanism........................................................................................................................314

Configuring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 315

Optimizing the Boot Time............................................................................................................................................. 315

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 315

Guidelines for Configuring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................ 316

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................317

LACP and IPv4 Routing........................................................................................................................................... 317

LACP and IPv6 Routing...........................................................................................................................................317

BGP Graceful Restart..............................................................................................................................................318

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................318

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................ 318

Software Upgrade....................................................................................................................................................318

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................ 318

Changes to BGP Multipath.....................................................................................................................................319

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP...................................................................................................319

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................319

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces.....................................................................................320

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 321

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 321

Ring Status...............................................................................................................................................................322

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................322

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................323

Important FRRP Concepts.....................................................................................................................................324

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................325

Contents

11

FRRP Configuration...................................................................................................................................................... 325

Creating the FRRP Group...................................................................................................................................... 325

Configuring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................326

Configuring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................327

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................328

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................328

Viewing the FRRP Configuration...........................................................................................................................328

Viewing the FRRP Information.............................................................................................................................. 329

Troubleshooting FRRP..................................................................................................................................................329

Configuration Checks..............................................................................................................................................329

Sample Configuration and Topology........................................................................................................................... 329

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................331

Example Scenario..................................................................................................................................................... 331

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 333

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)............................................................................................. 334

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 334

Configure GVRP............................................................................................................................................................ 335

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................335

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 336

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................... 336

Configure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 336

Configure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 337

19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................338

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 338

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................338

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................338

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................340

Configure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................343

Related Configuration Tasks.................................................................................................................................. 343

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................344

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................344

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................344

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 345

Adjusting Query and Response Timers.................................................................................................................345

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 346

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................346

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................346

Configuring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................346

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................347

Disabling Multicast Flooding................................................................................................................................... 347

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 347

Configuring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 348

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes..................................................................................................348

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications....................................................................... 349

12

Contents

Protocol Separation.................................................................................................................................................349

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection......................................................................350

Handling of Management Route Configuration....................................................................................................351

Handling of Switch-Initiated Traffic.......................................................................................................................351

Handling of Switch-Destined Traffic.....................................................................................................................352

Handling of Transit Traffic (Traffic Separation)..................................................................................................353

Mapping of Management Applications and Traffic Type................................................................................... 353

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Traffic ...........................................................................354

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Traffic .........................................................................355

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.................................................................................................... 356

Designating a Multicast Router Interface...................................................................................................................356

20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 357

Basic Interface Configuration.......................................................................................................................................357

Advanced Interface Configuration.............................................................................................................................. 357

Interface Types..............................................................................................................................................................358

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................ 358

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State..................................................................................................360

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................ 361

Physical Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................... 361

Configuration Task List for Physical Interfaces....................................................................................................361

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 362

Configuring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode................................................................................................................. 362

Configuring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................362

Configuring Layer 3 (Network) Mode.................................................................................................................. 363

Configuring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode..................................................................................................................363

Egress Interface Selection (EIS)................................................................................................................................. 364

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................364

Configuring EIS........................................................................................................................................................ 364

Management Interfaces............................................................................................................................................... 365

Configuring Management Interfaces.................................................................................................................... 365

Configuring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port...............................................................................365

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 366

Loopback Interfaces......................................................................................................................................................367

Null Interfaces................................................................................................................................................................ 367

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................367

Port Channel Definition and Standards................................................................................................................ 368

Port Channel Benefits.............................................................................................................................................368

Port Channel Implementation................................................................................................................................ 368

Interfaces in Port Channels....................................................................................................................................369

Configuration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................369

Creating a Port Channel......................................................................................................................................... 369

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.................................................................................................... 370

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................ 371

Configuring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 372

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 372

Contents

13

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 373

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................374

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................374

Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................374

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 375

Bulk Configuration......................................................................................................................................................... 376

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................376

Bulk Configuration Examples..................................................................................................................................376

Defining Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................378

Define the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 378

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro....................................................................................................................378

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 379

Maintenance Using TDR.........................................................................................................................................380

Non Dell-Qualified Transceivers.................................................................................................................................. 380

Splitting 100G Ports.......................................................................................................................................................381

Link Dampening.............................................................................................................................................................. 381

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 382

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................382

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 383

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................384

Enabling Pause Frames...........................................................................................................................................385

Configure the MTU Size on an Interface................................................................................................................... 385

Configuring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics............................................................................................... 386

Port-Pipes...................................................................................................................................................................... 386

CR4 Auto-Negotiation.................................................................................................................................................. 386

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces..................................................................................................................387

FEC Configuration.........................................................................................................................................................388

View Advanced Interface Information........................................................................................................................ 390

Configuring the Interface Sampling Size...............................................................................................................391

Configuring the Traffic Sampling Size Globally..........................................................................................................392

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 393

Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 394

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges.................................................................................................................. 394

Compressing Configuration Files.................................................................................................................................394

21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 398

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................399

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 399

Configuration Tasks for IP Addresses.........................................................................................................................399

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface...................................................................................................................... 399

Configuring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................400

Configure Static Routes for the Management Interface..........................................................................................401

Using the Configured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages................................................................................. 402

Configuring the ICMP Source Interface...............................................................................................................402

Configuring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................402

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................403

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Contents

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................403

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................403

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains...................................................................................404

Configuring DNS with Traceroute...............................................................................................................................404

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 405

Configuration Tasks for ARP....................................................................................................................................... 405

Configuring Static ARP Entries................................................................................................................................... 405

Enabling Proxy ARP...................................................................................................................................................... 406

Clearing ARP Cache......................................................................................................................................................406

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP...............................................................................................................................406

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................407

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 407

Configuring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................408

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 408

Configuration Tasks for ICMP..................................................................................................................................... 408

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages......................................................................................................................408

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................409

Configure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................ 409

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................409

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................409

Configuring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................409

Configurations Using UDP Helper................................................................................................................................410

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................410

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses..........................................................................................................411

UDP Helper with Configured Broadcast Addresses................................................................................................... 411

UDP Helper with No Configured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 412

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 412

22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 413

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 413

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................ 414

Stateless Autoconfiguration....................................................................................................................................414

IPv6 Headers.............................................................................................................................................................414

Longest Prefix Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support................................................................... 415

IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 416

Extension Header Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 418

Addressing.................................................................................................................................................................419

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................420

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................420

Path MTU Discovery.....................................................................................................................................................420

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery...............................................................................................................................................421

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets........................................................................................................... 421

Configuring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server........................................................................................................421

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................422

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................423

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport............................................................................................................. 423

Contents

15

Configuration Tasks for IPv6....................................................................................................................................... 424

Adjusting Your CAM-Profile................................................................................................................................... 424

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................425

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................425

Configuring Telnet with IPv6................................................................................................................................. 426

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................426

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................426

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information..............................................................................................................427

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................428

Showing the Running-Configuration for an Interface.........................................................................................429

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................429

Configuring IPv6 RA Guard..........................................................................................................................................430

23 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................432

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................432

Monitoring iSCSI Traffic Flows..............................................................................................................................434

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Traffic Flows.................................................................................... 434

Information Monitored in iSCSI Traffic Flows......................................................................................................434

Detection and Auto-Configuration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays.......................................................................... 435

Configuring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................ 435

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer...............................................................436

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 436

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................437

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 437

Configuring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................437

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information................................................................................................................. 439

24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 441

IS-IS Protocol Overview................................................................................................................................................441

IS-IS Addressing............................................................................................................................................................. 441

Multi-Topology IS-IS..................................................................................................................................................... 442

Transition Mode.......................................................................................................................................................442

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 443

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................443

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 443

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................443

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 443

Configuration Information.............................................................................................................................................444

Configuration Tasks for IS-IS.................................................................................................................................445

Configuring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................452

Changing the IS-Type............................................................................................................................................. 453

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................455

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................456

Configuring Authentication Passwords................................................................................................................ 457

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 457

Debugging IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................458

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Contents

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................459

Configure Metric Values...............................................................................................................................................459

Maximum Values in the Routing Table..................................................................................................................460

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only............................................................................................... 460

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................461

Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................................462

25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)..............................................................................................465

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP..................................................................................................................465

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................465

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 466

Configuring LACP Commands...............................................................................................................................466

LACP Configuration Tasks........................................................................................................................................... 467

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................467

Configuring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................467

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 468

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................468

Shared LAG State Tracking......................................................................................................................................... 469

Configuring Shared LAG State Tracking.............................................................................................................. 469

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking...........................................................................................471

LACP Basic Configuration Example............................................................................................................................. 471

Configure a LAG on ALPHA.................................................................................................................................... 471

26 Layer 2.................................................................................................................................................... 480

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................ 480

Clearing the MAC Address Table.......................................................................................................................... 480

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................480

Configuring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................ 481

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................481

MAC Learning Limit........................................................................................................................................................481

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 482

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................482

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 482

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 483

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 483

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................483

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................484

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations...........................................................................484

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System......................................................................................................485

NIC Teaming...................................................................................................................................................................485

Configure Redundant Pairs.......................................................................................................................................... 486

Important Points about Configuring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................488

Far-End Failure Detection............................................................................................................................................ 489

FEFD State Changes.............................................................................................................................................. 490

Configuring FEFD.....................................................................................................................................................491

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 491

Contents

17

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................492

27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP).....................................................................................................494

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 494

Protocol Data Units.................................................................................................................................................494

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................ 495

Management TLVs..................................................................................................................................................495

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................497

TIA Organizationally Specific TLVs........................................................................................................................497

Configure LLDP............................................................................................................................................................. 500

Related Configuration Tasks..................................................................................................................................500

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................501

LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................501

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Configurations............................................................................................501

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................502

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................502

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................502

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................502

Advertising TLVs........................................................................................................................................................... 503

Viewing the LLDP Configuration.................................................................................................................................504

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents.....................................................................................504

Configuring LLDPDU Intervals.....................................................................................................................................505

Configuring Transmit and Receive Mode...................................................................................................................506

Configuring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................507

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................507

Relevant Management Objects...................................................................................................................................508

28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 513

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................513

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................513

Limitations of the NLB Feature.................................................................................................................................... 514

Microsoft Clustering...................................................................................................................................................... 514

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................. 514

Configuring a Switch for NLB ..................................................................................................................................... 514

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................515

29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 516

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 516

Anycast RP......................................................................................................................................................................517

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................518

Configure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................518

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................518

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 522

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................523

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523

Limiting the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 523

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Contents

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................524

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache.......................................................................................................524

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check..................................................................................... 524

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................527

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer.................................................................................................. 528

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source...................................................................................................... 528

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source..................................................................................................529

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................529

Logging Changes in Peership States.......................................................................................................................... 530

Terminating a Peership.................................................................................................................................................530

Clearing Peer Statistics................................................................................................................................................. 531

Debugging MSDP...........................................................................................................................................................531

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................532

Configuring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................533

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding........................................................................................................ 534

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages..............................................................................................534

MSDP Sample Configurations..................................................................................................................................... 536

30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................539

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................539

Spanning Tree Variations..............................................................................................................................................540

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 540

Configure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol...............................................................................................................540

Related Configuration Tasks...................................................................................................................................541

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally.......................................................................................................................541

Adding and Removing Interfaces................................................................................................................................. 541

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances............................................................................................................... 542

Influencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 543

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................544

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................544

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................544

Modifying the Interface Parameters...........................................................................................................................546

Configuring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 547

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change.......................................................................................................547

MSTP Sample Configurations......................................................................................................................................548

Router 1 Running-ConfigurationRouter 2 Running-ConfigurationRouter 3 Running-

ConfigurationSFTOS Example Running-Configuration...................................................................................... 548

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Configurations........................................................................................................552

31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 554

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................554

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 554

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................555

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................555

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)......................................................................................................... 562

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................563

Contents

19

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths..........................................................................................................563

Supported Error Codes.................................................................................................................................................564

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................565

32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................571

Object Tracking Overview.............................................................................................................................................571

Track Layer 2 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572

Track Layer 3 Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................572

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................573

Set Tracking Delays.................................................................................................................................................574

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................574

Object Tracking Configuration.....................................................................................................................................574

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface...................................................................................................................................574

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface.................................................................................................................................. 575

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................577

Displaying Tracked Objects..........................................................................................................................................580

33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 582

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................582

Autonomous System (AS) Areas...........................................................................................................................582

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................583

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................584

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................584

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................586

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).......................................................................................................................586

Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................587

OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................588

Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................................................... 589

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only).............................................................................................................590

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................590

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding...................................................................................................................590

OSPF ACK Packing..................................................................................................................................................591

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers.......................................................................................................591

Configuration Information............................................................................................................................................ 592

Configuration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)....................................................................................... 592

Configuration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................. 606

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing...............................................................................................................................607

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface........................................................................................................... 607

Assigning Area ID on an Interface......................................................................................................................... 608

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID Globally....................................................................................... 608

Assigning OSPFv3 Process ID and Router ID to a VRF..................................................................................... 609

Configuring Stub Areas...........................................................................................................................................609

Configuring Passive-Interface............................................................................................................................... 609

Redistributing Routes.............................................................................................................................................. 610

Configuring a Default Route................................................................................................................................... 610

Applying cost for OSPFv3....................................................................................................................................... 611

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