Dell PowerSwitch S4810-ON User guide

Dell Conguration Guide for the S4810 System

9.11(2.1)

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 06

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs.................................................................................................................................42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH....................................................................................46

Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection..............................................................................................46

Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection........................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password..................................................................................................................48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Compressing Conguration Files............................................................................................................................. 53

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 56

Enabling Software Features on Devices Using a Command Option......................................................................... 56

View Command History...................................................................................................................................................57

Contents

3

Upgrading Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................................................57

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................57

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 58

4 Management............................................................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Privilege Levels........................................................................................................................................... 60

Creating a Custom Privilege Level............................................................................................................................61

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode............................................................................................................... 61

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................ 61

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands.....................................................................................61

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................ 61

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username............................................................................................................... 63

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 63

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 63

Audit and Security Logs............................................................................................................................................ 64

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................66

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration..................................................................................66

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................67

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server......................................................................................................68

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 68

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity...................................................................................................................68

Conguring Login Activity Tracking......................................................................................................................... 68

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................69

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................70

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................70

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit......................................................................................................................71

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions..................................................................................................... 71

Enabling Secured CLI Mode............................................................................................................................................72

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................72

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 72

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 72

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................ 73

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................73

Changing System Logging Settings...............................................................................................................................73

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 74

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................75

Synchronizing Log Messages......................................................................................................................................... 76

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 76

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................77

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services.................................................................................................. 77

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 77

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................77

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 78

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 78

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................79

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................80

4

Contents

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode....................................................................................................................81

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device...........................................................................................................81

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 82

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................82

Recovering from a Forgotten Password....................................................................................................................... 82

Recovering from a Forgotten Enable Password.....................................................................................................83

Recovering from a Failed Start.......................................................................................................................................84

Restoring the Factory Default Settings........................................................................................................................ 85

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................85

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 85

5 802.1X..........................................................................................................................................................87

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................89

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................89

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................90

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 90

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................90

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................. 91

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................92

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................93

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 93

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 94

Re-Authenticating a Port................................................................................................................................................95

Conguring Timeouts......................................................................................................................................................96

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................97

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 98

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 98

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................98

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................99

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ........................................................................................................... 100

Conguring Critical VLAN .............................................................................................................................................101

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM).................................. 102

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs................................................................. 102

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups........................................................................................................... 103

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters...............................................103

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups.............................................................................................................................. 103

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters.......................................................................................................104

Viewing CAM Usage...................................................................................................................................................... 105

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 106

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)....................................................................................................................... 108

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................109

CAM Usage................................................................................................................................................................110

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS.......................................................................................................... 110

Important Points to Remember.....................................................................................................................................112

Contents

5

Conguration Task List for Route Maps.................................................................................................................112

Conguring Match Routes.......................................................................................................................................114

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................115

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution..................................................................................................116

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging............................................................................................................ 117

Continue Clause.........................................................................................................................................................117

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 118

IP Fragments ACL Examples................................................................................................................................... 118

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 118

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................119

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter..................................................................................................................... 120

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................121

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number.................................................................................................122

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................123

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................124

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................124

Counting ACL Hits....................................................................................................................................................125

Congure Ingress ACLs................................................................................................................................................. 125

Congure Egress ACLs..................................................................................................................................................125

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 126

IP Prex Lists...................................................................................................................................................................127

Implementation Information.....................................................................................................................................127

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 127

ACL Resequencing..........................................................................................................................................................131

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List........................................................................................................................131

Route Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................133

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 133

Logging of ACL Processes............................................................................................................................................ 133

Guidelines for Conguring ACL Logging................................................................................................................134

Conguring ACL Logging.........................................................................................................................................134

Flow-Based Monitoring Support for ACLs.................................................................................................................. 135

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring.......................................................................................................................135

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................136

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 138

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 138

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................139

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 140

BFD Three-Way Handshake.....................................................................................................................................141

Session State Changes............................................................................................................................................143

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 143

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................ 143

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................144

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................145

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................148

6

Contents

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................152

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................155

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................158

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................164

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 167

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................ 167

Establishing Sessions for Static Routes.................................................................................................................168

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)..................................................................................................... 171

Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................171

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................173

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 173

Route Reectors............................................................................................................................................................. 174

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................175

Best Path Selection Criteria....................................................................................................................................175

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 177

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 177

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................178

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................179

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................180

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 180

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................180

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................181

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support.......................................................................................................................181

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes......................................................................................... 181

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 182

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................182

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 182

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 184

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................185

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................185

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................186

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 186

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................187

Conguring AS4 Number Representations...........................................................................................................190

Conguring Peer Groups.........................................................................................................................................192

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................194

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 196

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration.................................................................................196

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 197

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................198

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 199

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 199

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 201

Regular Expressions as Filters................................................................................................................................202

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................203

Contents

7

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 204

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 204

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 205

Filtering Routes with Community Lists................................................................................................................. 206

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................ 207

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................208

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................209

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 209

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute............................................................................................................................210

Enabling Multipath....................................................................................................................................................210

Filtering BGP Routes.................................................................................................................................................211

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps...............................................................................................................212

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information.............................................................................................. 213

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 213

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................214

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 214

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................215

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................217

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 218

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors..................................................................................................................... 219

Route Map Continue............................................................................................................................................... 220

Enabling MBGP Congurations................................................................................................................................... 220

Congure IPv6 NH Automatically for IPv6 Prex Advertised over IPv4 Neighbor.......................................... 221

BGP Regular Expression Optimization.........................................................................................................................221

Debugging BGP..............................................................................................................................................................222

Storing Last and Bad PDUs....................................................................................................................................222

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 223

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 224

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 225

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................................................................................... 231

CAM Allocation............................................................................................................................................................... 231

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 233

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 233

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................235

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 235

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................235

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................235

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 237

Congure Control Plane Policing................................................................................................................................. 238

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 239

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues....................................................................................................................... 241

CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets.....................................................................................................................................242

Conguring CoPP for OSPFv3.............................................................................................................................. 245

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 245

8

Contents

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 248

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging..................................................................................................... 248

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 249

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................250

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)................................................................................................251

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................252

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................252

DCB Maps and its Attributes..................................................................................................................................253

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................254

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration............................................................................................................. 255

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control....................................................................................................................255

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 256

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 257

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................257

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................258

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................258

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................259

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................259

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets............................................................................................................ 259

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................260

Conguring Lossless QueuesExample:..................................................................................................................260

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................262

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities................................................................................................262

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................263

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................263

ETS Prerequisites and Restrictions....................................................................................................................... 263

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................264

ETS Operation with DCBx......................................................................................................................................265

Conguring Bandwidth Allocation for DCBx CIN................................................................................................ 265

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................266

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies................................................................................................... 267

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac.............................................................................................268

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 268

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................268

DCBx Operation.......................................................................................................................................................269

DCBx Port Roles......................................................................................................................................................269

DCB Conguration Exchange.................................................................................................................................270

Conguration Source Election.................................................................................................................................271

Propagation of DCB Information.............................................................................................................................271

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version....................................................................... 271

DCBx Example..........................................................................................................................................................272

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions.....................................................................................................................272

Conguring DCBx.................................................................................................................................................... 273

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................276

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment..........................................................................................285

Contents

9

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................................................... 286

Sample DCB Conguration........................................................................................................................................... 287

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................289

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................290

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 290

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................292

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................293

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................293

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................294

Specifying a Default Gateway................................................................................................................................295

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution..................................................................................................... 295

Using DNS for Address Resolution........................................................................................................................295

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution..................................................................................................... 296

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................296

Debugging the DHCP Server.................................................................................................................................296

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................297

Congure the System to be a Relay Agent.................................................................................................................297

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client...............................................................................................................299

Conguring the DHCP Client System...................................................................................................................299

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................300

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features........................................................................................................301

Congure the System for User Port Stacking (Option 230)....................................................................................302

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................302

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................302

DHCP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................................303

Conguring the DHCP secondary-subnet............................................................................................................306

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................307

Dynamic ARP Inspection.........................................................................................................................................307

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 308

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 309

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................309

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation.................................................................................................................310

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation....................................................................................................... 310

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets..................................................................................................... 311

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets.....................................................................................................311

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP).................................................................................................................312

Conguring the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................... 312

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop..................................................................................................................... 312

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed......................................................................................................................... 312

Link Bundle Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 313

Managing ECMP Group Paths................................................................................................................................313

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle...........................................................................................................................314

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................. 314

10

Contents

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................ 316

Fibre Channel over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................316

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network.............................................................................................316

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................318

FIP Snooping in a Switch Stack...................................................................................................................................320

Using FIP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 320

FIP Snooping Prerequisites.....................................................................................................................................320

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 320

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................321

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs.............................................................................................................................322

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................ 322

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link.......................................................................................................322

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link...........................................................................................................322

Impact on Other Software Features..................................................................................................................... 322

FIP Snooping Restrictions...................................................................................................................................... 323

Conguring FIP Snooping.......................................................................................................................................323

Displaying FIP Snooping Information...........................................................................................................................324

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................329

16 FIPS Cryptography................................................................................................................................... 331

Conguration Tasks........................................................................................................................................................ 331

Preparing the System.................................................................................................................................................... 331

Enabling FIPS Mode...................................................................................................................................................... 332

Generating Host-Keys...................................................................................................................................................332

Monitoring FIPS Mode Status......................................................................................................................................332

Disabling FIPS Mode..................................................................................................................................................... 333

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 334

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................334

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 335

Multiple FRRP Rings............................................................................................................................................... 335

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................336

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 337

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................338

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................338

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................338

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................339

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................340

Setting the FRRP Timers.........................................................................................................................................341

Clearing the FRRP Counters...................................................................................................................................341

Viewing the FRRP Conguration............................................................................................................................341

Viewing the FRRP Information............................................................................................................................... 341

Troubleshooting FRRP.................................................................................................................................................. 342

Conguration Checks..............................................................................................................................................342

Sample Conguration and Topology............................................................................................................................342

Contents

11

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................343

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 344

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 345

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................346

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 346

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................347

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 347

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 348

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................348

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 348

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 349

RPM Redundancy..........................................................................................................................................................349

19 High Availability (HA)................................................................................................................................ 351

Component Redundancy...............................................................................................................................................351

Automatic and Manual Stack Unit Failover........................................................................................................... 351

Synchronization between Management and Standby Units..............................................................................352

Forcing a Stack Unit Failover................................................................................................................................. 352

Specifying an Auto-Failover Limit..........................................................................................................................353

Disabling Auto-Reboot............................................................................................................................................ 353

Manually Synchronizing Management and Standby Units................................................................................. 353

Pre-Conguring a Stack Unit Slot............................................................................................................................... 353

Removing a Provisioned Logical Stack Unit............................................................................................................... 354

Hitless Behavior............................................................................................................................................................. 354

Graceful Restart.............................................................................................................................................................354

Software Resiliency.......................................................................................................................................................355

Software Component Health Monitoring............................................................................................................. 355

System Health Monitoring......................................................................................................................................355

Failure and Event Logging...................................................................................................................................... 355

Hot-Lock Behavior.........................................................................................................................................................356

20 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP).........................................................................................357

IGMP Implementation Information...............................................................................................................................357

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................357

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................ 357

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................359

Congure IGMP............................................................................................................................................................. 362

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................362

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces............................................................................................................................... 363

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................363

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................363

Adjusting Timers............................................................................................................................................................ 364

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 364

Preventing a Host from Joining a Group.................................................................................................................... 365

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave.................................................................................................................................368

12

Contents

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................368

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information....................................................................................................... 368

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................368

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................369

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................369

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router.......................................................................................370

Conguring the Switch as Querier.........................................................................................................................370

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes....................................................................................................371

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications.........................................................................371

Protocol Separation..................................................................................................................................................371

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 372

Handling of Management Route Conguration....................................................................................................373

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac........................................................................................................................374

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................374

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).....................................................................................................375

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................375

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................ 376

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................377

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications..................................................................................................... 378

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 378

21 Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................380

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................380

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................380

Interface Types................................................................................................................................................................381

View Basic Interface Information..................................................................................................................................381

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................383

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................384

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................384

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 384

Overview of Layer Modes...................................................................................................................................... 384

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode..................................................................................................................385

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 385

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................386

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode.................................................................................................................. 386

Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 387

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................387

Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................387

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................388

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................388

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port............................................................................... 389

VLAN Interfaces............................................................................................................................................................ 390

Loopback Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................391

Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................391

Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................391

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................392

Contents

13

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................392

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................392

Interfaces in Port Channels.................................................................................................................................... 393

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces.................................................................................................393

Creating a Port Channel..........................................................................................................................................393

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................394

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................395

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 396

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 396

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel...........................................................................................................397

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................398

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................398

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................398

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 399

Interface Range....................................................................................................................................................... 399

Bulk Conguration Examples................................................................................................................................. 400

Dening Interface Range Macros.................................................................................................................................401

Dene the Interface Range.....................................................................................................................................401

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 402

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 402

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 403

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 403

Splitting QSFP Ports to SFP+ Ports........................................................................................................................... 404

Converting a QSFP or QSFP+ Port to an SFP or SFP+ Port..................................................................................405

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 405

Example Scenarios.................................................................................................................................................. 405

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................409

Link Dampening............................................................................................................................................................. 409

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 410

Enabling Link Dampening.........................................................................................................................................410

Link Bundle Monitoring...................................................................................................................................................411

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control......................................................................................................... 412

Enabling Pause Frames............................................................................................................................................413

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.....................................................................................................................413

Port-Pipes........................................................................................................................................................................414

Auto-Negotiation on Ethernet Interfaces....................................................................................................................414

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.............................................................................................................414

Set Auto-Negotiation Options................................................................................................................................ 416

View Advanced Interface Information..........................................................................................................................416

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size............................................................................................................... 417

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally..................................................................................................... 418

Dynamic Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 419

Clearing Interface Counters....................................................................................................................................420

22 Internet Protocol Security (IPSec)........................................................................................................... 421

Conguring IPSec ..........................................................................................................................................................421

14

Contents

23 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 423

IP Addresses...................................................................................................................................................................424

Implementation Information....................................................................................................................................424

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses..........................................................................................................................424

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface.......................................................................................................................424

Conguring Static Routes.............................................................................................................................................425

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface.......................................................................................... 426

IPv4 Path MTU Discovery Overview...........................................................................................................................427

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages.................................................................................. 427

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................427

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection........................................................................................ 428

Enabling Directed Broadcast........................................................................................................................................ 428

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................428

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................429

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains................................................................................... 429

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................430

ARP................................................................................................................................................................................. 430

Conguration Tasks for ARP......................................................................................................................................... 431

Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................431

Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................431

Clearing ARP Cache...................................................................................................................................................... 432

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................432

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................432

ARP Learning via ARP Request................................................................................................................................... 432

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................433

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 434

Conguration Tasks for ICMP...................................................................................................................................... 434

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 434

UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................................434

Congure UDP Helper.............................................................................................................................................434

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 435

Enabling UDP Helper.....................................................................................................................................................435

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 435

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................435

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................436

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 437

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................ 437

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 437

24 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................ 439

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................439

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................440

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 440

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................440

IPv6 Header Fields................................................................................................................................................... 441

Contents

15

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................443

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................ 444

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS.............................................................................................................445

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................446

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 447

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................448

Conguration Task List for IPv6 RDNSS.................................................................................................................... 448

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 448

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................449

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................450

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................450

Conguration Tasks for IPv6.........................................................................................................................................451

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole.....................................................................................................................................451

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface...........................................................................................................452

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................452

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................453

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................453

Displaying IPv6 Information....................................................................................................................................453

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 454

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................454

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface.........................................................................................456

Clearing IPv6 Routes...............................................................................................................................................456

Disabling ND Entry Timeout................................................................................................................................... 456

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 457

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard on an Interface.........................................................................................................458

Monitoring IPv6 RA Guard..................................................................................................................................... 459

25 iSCSI Optimization.................................................................................................................................. 460

iSCSI Optimization Overview.......................................................................................................................................460

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................462

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 462

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................462

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 463

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays.............................................................................463

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................464

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 464

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................465

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 465

Conguring iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................................... 465

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information..................................................................................................................467

26 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 469

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 469

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................469

Multi-Topology IS-IS.......................................................................................................................................................470

16

Contents

Transition Mode........................................................................................................................................................470

Interface Support......................................................................................................................................................471

Adjacencies................................................................................................................................................................471

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................. 471

Timers........................................................................................................................................................................ 471

Implementation Information...........................................................................................................................................471

Conguration Information............................................................................................................................................. 472

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................473

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................480

Changing the IS-Type...............................................................................................................................................481

Redistributing IPv4 Routes.....................................................................................................................................483

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................484

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................485

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 485

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 486

IS-IS Metric Styles.........................................................................................................................................................487

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................487

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................487

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................ 487

Leaks from One Level to Another..........................................................................................................................489

Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................................490

27 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................492

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP.................................................................................................................. 492

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 492

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 493

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 493

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 494

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................494

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 494

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 495

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................495

Shared LAG State Tracking.......................................................................................................................................... 496

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking...............................................................................................................496

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 498

LACP Basic Conguration Example............................................................................................................................ 498

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 498

28 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................507

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 507

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 507

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................507

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................508

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................508

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................508

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 509

Contents

17

mac learning-limit Dynamic.................................................................................................................................... 509

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 509

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................. 510

mac learning-limit no-station-move....................................................................................................................... 510

Learning Limit Violation Actions..............................................................................................................................510

Setting Station Move Violation Actions..................................................................................................................511

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations.............................................................................511

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System................................................................................................. 512

NIC Teaming....................................................................................................................................................................512

Congure Redundant Pairs........................................................................................................................................... 513

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs.........................................................................................515

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................516

FEFD State Changes................................................................................................................................................517

Conguring FEFD..................................................................................................................................................... 518

Enabling FEFD on an Interface............................................................................................................................... 518

Debugging FEFD.......................................................................................................................................................519

29 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)......................................................................................................521

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview............................................................................................................................................ 521

Protocol Data Units..................................................................................................................................................521

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 522

Management TLVs.................................................................................................................................................. 522

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 524

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................ 524

Congure LLDP..............................................................................................................................................................528

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................528

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 528

LLDP Compatibility..................................................................................................................................................529

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................ 529

Enabling LLDP................................................................................................................................................................529

Disabling and Undoing LLDP..................................................................................................................................530

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports........................................................................................................................530

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports..........................................................................................530

Advertising TLVs............................................................................................................................................................530

Viewing the LLDP Conguration................................................................................................................................. 532

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents..................................................................................... 532

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals..................................................................................................................................... 533

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode....................................................................................................................534

Conguring the Time to Live Value............................................................................................................................. 534

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................535

Relevant Management Objects................................................................................................................................... 536

30 Microsoft Network Load Balancing...........................................................................................................541

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario.........................................................................................................................................541

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario......................................................................................................................................541

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................542

18

Contents

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................542

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 542

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................542

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.................................................................................................................... 543

31 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)..........................................................................................544

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................544

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................545

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 546

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................546

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................546

Enable MSDP.................................................................................................................................................................550

Manage the Source-Active Cache...............................................................................................................................551

Viewing the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 551

Limiting the Source-Active Cache......................................................................................................................... 551

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................552

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 552

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................552

Specifying Source-Active Messages.......................................................................................................................... 555

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................556

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................556

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source.................................................................................................. 557

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source..................................................................................................557

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................558

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................558

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................559

Debugging MSDP..........................................................................................................................................................559

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................560

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................ 561

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................562

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 562

MSDP Sample Congurations..................................................................................................................................... 564

32 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP).................................................................................................567

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 567

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 568

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 568

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................568

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................569

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 569

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................569

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................ 570

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection.................................................................................................................................571

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges..............................................................................................................................571

Changing the Region Name or Revision..................................................................................................................... 572

Modifying Global Parameters....................................................................................................................................... 572

Contents

19

Modifying the Interface Parameters............................................................................................................................573

Conguring an EdgePort...............................................................................................................................................574

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change........................................................................................................575

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................575

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration....................................................................................... 576

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 579

33 Multicast Features....................................................................................................................................581

Enabling IP Multicast..................................................................................................................................................... 581

Implementation Information.......................................................................................................................................... 581

Multicast Policies...........................................................................................................................................................582

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 582

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace).......................................................................................................... 589

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 590

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 590

Supported Error Codes..................................................................................................................................................591

mtrace Scenarios...........................................................................................................................................................592

34 Object Tracking....................................................................................................................................... 598

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 598

Track Layer 2 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 599

Track Layer 3 Interfaces......................................................................................................................................... 599

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................600

Set Tracking Delays..................................................................................................................................................601

VRRP Object Tracking.............................................................................................................................................601

Object Tracking Conguration...................................................................................................................................... 601

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface....................................................................................................................................601

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 602

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route......................................................................................................................................604

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................607

35 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)................................................................................... 609

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................609

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 609

Area Types.................................................................................................................................................................610

Networks and Neighbors......................................................................................................................................... 611

Router Types..............................................................................................................................................................611

Designated and Backup Designated Routers........................................................................................................613

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs).........................................................................................................................613

Router Priority and Cost..........................................................................................................................................614

OSPF with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................................615

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 616

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)...............................................................................................................617

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF...........................................................................................................................617

OSPF ACK Packing.................................................................................................................................................. 617

20

Contents

Dell PowerSwitch S4810-ON User guide

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