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SAEGW Administration Guide, StarOS Release 21.23
First Published: 2021-03-31
Last Modified: 2021-06-24
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CONTENTS
About this Guide xlvii
PREFACE
Conventions Used xlvii
Supported Documents and Resources xlix
Related Common Documentation xlix
Related Product Documentation xlix
Obtaining Documentation l
Contacting Customer Support l
SAE Gateway Overview 1
CHAPTER 1
SAEGW Product Description 1
Platform Requirements 3
Licenses 3
S-GW Product Description 3
Platform Requirements 5
Licenses 5
P-GW Product Description 5
Platform Requirements 8
Licenses 8
S-GW Network Deployment(s) 8
Serving Gateway in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network 8
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points) 10
P-GW Network Deployment(s) 14
PDN Gateway in the E-UTRAN/EPC Network 14
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points) 16
PDN Gateway Supporting eHRPD to E-UTRAN/EPC Connectivity 21
Supported Logical Network Interfaces (Reference Points) 25
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S-GW Features and Functionality - Base Software 29
3GPP Release 12 Cause-Code IE Support 29
Abnormal Bearer Termination Cause in CDR 29
ANSI T1.276 Compliance 30
APN-level Traffic Policing 30
Backup and Recovery of Key KPI Statistics 30
Bulk Statistics Support 31
CDR Support for Including LAPI (Signaling Priority) 31
Circuit Switched Fall Back (CSFB) Support 32
Closed Subscriber Group Support 32
Collision Counter Support in the GTP Layer 32
Congestion Control 33
Dedicated Bearer Timeout Support on the S-GW 34
Downlink Delay Notification 34
Value Handling 34
Throttling 35
EPS Bearer ID and ARP Support 35
DSCP Ingress and Egress and DSCP Marking at the APN Profile 35
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer 35
Event Reporting 35
GTP-C Path Failure Enhancements and Improved Debugging Tools 36
Idle-mode Signaling Reduction Support 37
IMSI/IMEI Available in System Event Logs of Type Error and Critical 37
IP Access Control Lists 40
IPv6 Capabilities 40
LIPA Support 41
Location Reporting 41
Mapping High Throughput Sessions on Session Managers 41
MME Restoration Support 42
S-GW NTSR Enhancement 43
Multiple PDN Support 43
Node Functionality GTP Echo 43
Online/Offline Charging 43
Online: Gy Reference Interface 44
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Offline: Gz Reference Interface 44
Offline: Rf Reference Interface 44
Operator Policy Support 45
Optimization for egtpinmgr Recovery 45
Peer GTP Node Profile Configuration Support 45
P-GW Restart Notification Support 46
QoS Bearer Management 46
Removal of Private Extension-based Overcharging Feature 47
Rf Diameter Accounting 50
S-GW Collision Handling 51
Viewing S-GW Collision Handling Statistics 51
S-GW Session Idle Timer 52
Subscriber Level Trace 52
Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA) Support 53
ULI Enhancements 54
P-GW Features and Functionality - Base Software 54
3GPP R9 Volume Charging Over Gx 55
AAA Server Groups 55
ANSI T1.276 Compliance 55
APN Support 56
Assume Positive for Gy-based Quota Tracking 56
Bit Rate Mapping Across Gx and GTP-based Interfaces 57
Backup and Recovery of Key KPI Statistics 57
Bulk Statistics Support 58
Collision Counter Support in GTP Layer 59
Congestion Control 60
Default and Dedicated EPC Bearers 61
DHCP Support 62
Support for Option 26 in DHCP 62
DHCPv6 Support 63
Direct Tunnel Support 63
DNS Support for IPv4/IPv6 PDP Contexts 64
Domain Based Flow Definitions 64
DSCP Marking 65
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GTP-U on per APN Basis 65
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer 66
Dynamic Policy Charging Control (Gx Reference Interface) 66
Enhanced Charging Service (ECS) 67
Content Analysis Support 69
Content Service Steering 70
Support for Multiple Detail Record Types 70
Diameter Credit Control Application 71
Accept TCP Connections from DCCA Server 71
Gy Interface Support 72
Enhancement to New Call Setup after Sessmgr or DPC Failure 73
Framed-Route Attribute Support 73
Gn/Gp Handoff Support 73
GTP-C Path Failure Enhancements and Improved Debugging Tools 74
IMS Emergency Bearer Handling 75
IMSI/IMEI Available in System Event Logs of Type Error and Critical 76
IP Access Control Lists 78
IP Address Hold Timers 79
IPv6 Capabilities 79
IPv6 MTU Option Support in RA Message 80
IPv6 Prefix-Based Search Support for LTE-WiFi Handoff 81
Local Break-Out 82
Mapping High Throughput Sessions on Session Managers 82
MPLS EXP Marking of User Plane Traffic 83
Mobile IP Registration Revocation 83
MTU Size PCO 84
Multiple PDN Support 84
Node Functionality GTP Echo 85
Non-Optimized e-HRPD to Native LTE (E-UTRAN) Mobility Handover 85
Online/Offline Charging 86
Online Charging 86
Offline Charging 87
Optimization for egtpinmgr Recovery 88
P-CSCF Recovery 88
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Peer GTP Node Profile Configuration Support 88
Per QCI Packet Drop Counters and ARP Granularity for QCI Level Counters 88
PMIPv6 Heartbeat 89
Proxy Mobile IPv6 (S2a) 89
QoS Bearer Management 90
RADIUS Support 91
Removal of Private Extension-based Overcharging Support 92
S-GW Restoration Support 95
Source IP Address Validation 96
SRVCC PS-to-CS Handover Indication Support 96
Subscriber Level Trace 97
3GPP Tracing to Intercept Random Subscriber 98
Support for One Million S1-U Peers on the S-GW 98
TCP Window Size 99
Threshold Crossing Alerts (TCA) Support 100
UE Time Zone Reporting 101
Virtual APN Support 101
P-GW Features and Functionality - Inline Service Support 101
Content Filtering 102
Integrated Adult Content Filter 102
ICAP Interface 102
Header Enrichment: Header Insertion and Encryption 103
Network Address Translation (NAT) 104
NAT64 Support 104
Peer-to-Peer Detection 105
Personal Stateful Firewall 105
S-GW Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software 106
128k eNodeB Support 106
Direct Tunnel 107
Intelligent Paging for ISR 107
Inter-Chassis Session Recovery 108
IP Security (IPSec) Encryption 109
Lawful Intercept 109
Layer 2 Traffic Management (VLANs) 109
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New Call Policy for Stale Sessions 110
New Standard QCI Support 110
Overcharging Protection Support 110
Paging Policy Differentiation 111
R12 Load and Overload Support 112
Operation 113
Separate Paging for IMS Service Inspection 113
Session Recovery Support 113
S-GW Paging Enhancements 114
P-GW Features and Functionality - Optional Enhanced Feature Software 115
AAA and Prefix Delegation DHCP Correlation 115
APN Backoff Timer Support 115
Cause IE Enhancement for Delete Bearer Request 116
Dynamic RADIUS Extensions (Change of Authorization) 116
GRE Protocol Interface Support 117
GTP-Based S2a Interface Support on the SAEGW 118
GTP-based S2b Interface Support on the Standalone P-GW and SAEGW 118
GTP Throttling 119
Bypass Rate Limit Function 119
HSS and PCRF Based P-CSCF Restoration Support 120
Inter-Chassis Session Recovery 120
IP Security (IPSec) Encryption 121
IPv6 Prefix Delegation from the RADIUS Server and the Local Pool 122
L2TP LAC Support 122
Lawful Intercept 123
Layer 2 Traffic Management (VLANs) 123
Local Policy Decision Engine 123
MPLS Forwarding with LDP 124
NEMO Service Supported 124
NEMO Support in GGSN 125
Network Provided Location Information for IMS 125
New Call Policy for Stale Sessions 125
Non-standard QCI Support 126
Paging Policy Differentiation 126
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Per QCI Packet Drop Counters and ARP Granularity for QCI Level Counters 127
Piggyback Support on S2b Interface 128
R12 Load and Overload Support 128
Operation 128
Session Recovery Support 129
S-GW Paging Enhancements 129
Smartphone Tethering Detection Support 130
Traffic Policing 130
Traffic Shaping 131
UBR Suppression Feature 131
User Location Information Reporting 132
3GPP ULI Reporting Support Enhanced 133
How the Serving Gateway Works 135
GTP Serving Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an LTE-SAE Network 135
Subscriber-initiated Attach (initial) 135
Subscriber-initiated Detach 139
How the PDN Gateway Works 140
PMIPv6 PDN Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an eHRPD Network 141
Initial Attach with IPv6/IPv4 Access 141
PMIPv6 Lifetime Extension without Handover 143
PDN Connection Release Initiated by UE 144
PDN Connection Release Initiated by HSGW 145
PDN Connection Release Initiated by P-GW 147
GTP PDN Gateway Call/Session Procedures in an LTE-SAE Network 148
Subscriber-initiated Attach (initial) 148
Subscriber-initiated Detach 152
S-GW Supported Standards 153
3GPP References 154
Release 12 3GPP References 154
Release 11 3GPP References 154
Release 10 3GPP References 154
Release 9 Supported Standards 155
Release 8 Supported Standards 155
3GPP2 References 156
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IETF References 156
Object Management Group (OMG) Standards 157
P-GW Supported Standards 157
Release 12 3GPP References 157
Release 11 3GPP References 158
Release 10 3GPP References 158
Release 9 3GPP References 159
Release 8 3GPP References 160
3GPP2 References 161
IETF References 161
Object Management Group (OMG) Standards 162
SAE Gateway Configuration 163
CHAPTER 2
Configuring an SAEGW Service 163
Information Required 163
Required Local Context Configuration Information 164
Required SAEGW Context Configuration Information 164
SAEGW Configuration 165
Initial Configuration 165
SAEGW Service Configuration 166
Verifying and Saving the Configuration 166
Configuring an eGTP S-GW Service 167
Information Required 167
Required S-GW Ingress Context Configuration Information 167
Required S-GW Egress Context Configuration Information 169
How This Configuration Works 170
eGTP S-GW Configuration 171
Initial Configuration 171
eGTP Configuration 173
Verifying and Saving the Configuration 175
Configuring Optional Features on the eGTP S-GW 175
Configuring the GTP Echo Timer 175
Default GTP Echo Timer Configuration 176
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer Configuration 178
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Configuring GTPP Offline Accounting on the S-GW 181
Configuring Diameter Offline Accounting on the S-GW 182
Configuring APN-level Traffic Policing on the S-GW 183
Configuring X.509 Certificate-based Peer Authentication 184
Configuring Dynamic Node-to-Node IP Security on the S1-U and S5 Interfaces 185
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set 185
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set 185
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Template 186
Binding the S1-U and S5 IP Addresses to the Crypto Template 186
Configuring ACL-based Node-to-Node IP Security on the S1-U and S5 Interfaces 187
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Access Control List 188
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set 188
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set 189
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Map 189
Configuring R12 Load Control Support 190
Configuring R12 Overload Control Support 191
Configuring S4 SGSN Handover Capability 192
Configuring an eGTP P-GW Service 193
Information Required 193
Required P-GW Context Configuration Information 193
Required PDN Context Configuration Information 195
Required AAA Context Configuration Information 197
How This Configuration Works 201
eGTP P-GW Configuration 203
Initial Configuration 204
P-GW Service Configuration 208
P-GW PDN Context Configuration 208
Active Charging Service Configuration 209
Policy Configuration 211
Verifying and Saving the Configuration 213
DHCP Service Configuration 213
DHCP Service Creation 214
DHCP Server Parameter Configuration 214
DHCP Service Configuration Verification 215
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DHCPv6 Service Configuration 216
DHCPv6 Service Creation 216
DHCPv6 Server Parameter Configuration 217
DHCPv6 Client Parameter Configuration 217
DHCPv6 Profile Configuration 218
Associate DHCPv6 Configuration 219
DHCPv6 Service Configuration Verification 219
Configuring Optional Features on the P-GW 220
Configuring ACL-based Node-to-Node IP Security on the S5 Interface 220
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Access Control List 221
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set 221
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set 221
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Map 222
Configuring APN as Emergency 223
Configuring Dynamic Node-to-Node IP Security on the S5 Interface 223
Creating and Configuring an IPSec Transform Set 224
Creating and Configuring an IKEv2 Transform Set 224
Creating and Configuring a Crypto Template 225
Binding the S5 IP Address to the Crypto Template 225
Configuring the GTP Echo Timer 226
Default GTP Echo Timer Configuration 226
Dynamic GTP Echo Timer Configuration 228
Configuring GTPP Offline Accounting on the P-GW 230
Configuring Local QoS Policy 232
Creating and Configuring a Local QoS Policy 232
Binding a Local QoS Policy 233
Verifying Local QoS Policy 234
Configuring X.509 Certificate-based Peer Authentication 234
Configuring R12 Load Control Support 235
Configuring R12 Overload Control Support 236
Configuring Guard Timer on Create Session Request Processing 236
Configuring Session Timeout 237
Configuring RLF Bypass 237
Configuring the Throttling Override Policy Mode 237
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Configuring RLF Bypass Feature 238
Monitoring the Service 239
CHAPTER 3
Monitoring System Status and Performance 239
Configuring the SAEGW to Include the IMSI/IMEI in System Event Logs of Type Error and Critical
243
Configuring the SAEGW to Include the IMSI/IMEI in System Event Logs of Type Error and
Critical 245
Clearing Statistics and Counters 246
3GPP Changes to the Gx Interface 247
CHAPTER 4
Feature Information 247
Feature Changes 248
Limitations 248
5G NSA for SAEGW 249
CHAPTER 5
Feature Summary and Revision History 249
Feature Description 251
How It Works 255
Architecture 255
Limitations 257
Flows 257
Supported Standards 259
Configuring 5G NSA for SAEGW 260
Enabling DCNR in P-GW Service 260
Configuring Bearer Duration Statistics for URLLC QCI 260
Configuring EGTPC QCI Statistics for URLLC QCI 261
Configuring Extended Bandwidth with New Radio 261
Configuring Network-Initiated Setup/Teardown Events for URLLC QCI 262
Configuring URLLC QCI in APN Configuration 262
Configuring URLCC QCI In Charging Action 263
Configuring URLCC QCI in QCI QOS Mapping Table 263
Monitoring and Troubleshooting 264
Show Commands and Outputs 264
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Bulk Statistics 269
APN Schema 269
P-GW Schema 270
SAEGW Schema 271
S-GW Schema 271
System Schema 272
APN-Backoff Timer Support 275
CHAPTER 6
Feature Description 275
Functionality 275
GTP-C Overload Feature and the M2M License 276
Licensing 276
Configuring APN Backoff Timer Support on the P-GW/SAEGW 277
Configuring LAPI Behavior 277
Configuring the APN Backoff Timer and Jitter Values 277
Verifying the Configuration 278
Monitoring the Feature 278
Bulk Statistics 278
APN Schema 278
P-GW Schema 278
SAEGW Schema 279
Show Command Output 279
show apn name 279
show apn statistics 279
show configuration apn name 279
show pgw-service statistics 279
show session disconnect-reasons 279
Backup and Recovery of Key KPI Statistics 281
CHAPTER 7
Feature Description 281
How It Works 281
Architecture 282
Limitations 283
Configuring Backup Statistics Feature 283
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Configuration 283
Verifying the Backup Statistics Feature Configuration 284
Bearer Re-establishment 285
CHAPTER 8
Feature Summary and Revision History 285
Introduction to Bearer Re-establishment 286
How it Works 287
Enabling Modify Bearer Request Forward from S-GW to P-GW 287
P-GW Invokes Local Policy with New Event Restore-Bearers 287
Show Commands and Outputs 289
Bulkstats for GTP-C Messages by ARP Value 291
CHAPTER 9
Feature Description 291
Limitations 292
Licensing 292
Performance Indicator Changes 292
S-GW Ingress S4 Interface 292
S-GW Ingress S11 Interface 293
S-GW Egress GTP-based S5/S8 Interface 294
P-GW Ingress GTP-based S5/S8 Interface 295
clear egtpc 295
P-GW eGTP-C S5/S8 Schema 296
eGTP-C Schema 296
CoA, RADIUS DM, and Session Redirection (Hotlining) 299
CHAPTER 10
RADIUS Change of Authorization and Disconnect Message 299
CoA Overview 299
DM Overview 300
License Requirements 300
Enabling CoA and DM 300
Enabling CoA and DM 300
CoA and DM Attributes 301
CoA and DM Error-Cause Attribute 302
Viewing CoA and DM Statistics 303
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Session Redirection (Hotlining) 304
Overview 304
License Requirements 304
Operation 304
ACL Rule 304
Redirecting Subscriber Sessions 305
Session Limits On Redirection 305
Stopping Redirection 305
Handling IP Fragments 305
Recovery 305
AAA Accounting 306
Viewing the Redirected Session Entries for a Subscriber 306
Collision Handling on the P-GW/SAEGW/S-GW 309
CHAPTER 11
Feature Description 309
Relationships to Other Features 309
How It Works 309
Collision Handling 309
Example Collision Handling Scenarios 310
Limitations 311
Standards Compliance 312
Configuring Collision Handling 312
Configuring DBcmd Message Behavior 312
Verifying the Configuration 312
Monitoring the Collision Handling Feature 312
Collision Handling Show Command(s) and/or Outputs 313
show configuration 313
show egtp-service all 313
show egtp statistics verbose 313
Disable Cause Source Enhancement 315
CHAPTER 12
Feature Summary and Revision History 315
Feature Description 316
Configuring cause-source 316
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Monitoring and Troubleshooting 316
Show Commands and/or Outputs 316
show egtp-service name egtp 316
Troubleshooting 316
Direct Tunnel for 4G (LTE) Networks 319
CHAPTER 13
Direct Tunnel for 4G Networks - Feature Description 319
How It Works 322
DT Establishment Logic 322
Establishment of Direct Tunnel 323
Direct Tunnel Activation for Primary PDP Context 324
Direct Tunnel Activation for UE Initiated Secondary PDP Context 324
RAB Release with Direct Tunnel 325
Iu Release with Direct Tunnel 326
Service Request with Direct Tunnel 327
Downlink Data Notification with Direct Tunnel when UE in Connected State 328
Downlink Data Notification with Direct Tunnel when UE in Idle State 328
Intra SGSN Routing Area Update without SGW Change 329
Routing Area Update with S-GW Change 334
Intra SRNS with S-GW Change 339
Intra SRNS without S-GW Change 339
New SRNS with S-GW Change and Direct Data Transfer 342
New SRNS with S-GW Change and Indirect Data Transfer 342
Old SRNS with Direct Data Transfer 345
Old SRNS with Indirect Data Transfer 346
Network Initiated Secondary PDP Context Activation 349
PGW Init Modification when UE is Idle 349
Limitations 350
Standards Compliance 351
Configuring Support for Direct Tunnel 351
Configuring Direct Tunnel on an S4-SGSN 351
Enabling Setup of GTP-U Direct Tunnel 351
Enabling Direct Tunnel to RNCs 352
Restricting Direct Tunnels 352
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Verifying the Call-Control Profile Configuration 353
Verifying the RNC Configuration 353
Configuring S12 Direct Tunnel Support on the S-GW 353
Monitoring and Troubleshooting Direct Tunnel 354
show subscribers sgsn-only 354
show gmm-sm statistics sm-only 355
Direct Tunnel Bulk Statistics 355
Dynamic Guaranteed Bit Rate 357
CHAPTER 14
Feature Summary and Revision History 357
Feature Description 358
How It Works 358
Limitations and Restrictions 359
Configuring Dedicated GBR Bearer 360
trigger 360
committed-data-rate 361
step-up 361
step-down 361
Sample Configuration 362
Embed IMSI into Session Id 363
CHAPTER 15
Feature Summary and Revision History 363
Feature Description 364
How It Works 364
Limitations 364
Configuring Diameter Accounting Interim Interval 365
Monitoring and Troubleshooting 366
Show Commands and Outputs 366
show configuration 366
show configuration [ verbose ] 366
Enabling S6b for IMS APN 367
CHAPTER 16
Feature Summary and Revision History 367
Feature Changes 368
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Configuring Commands for Enabling S6b for IMS APN 368
Enabling S6b Authentication for Trusted Wi-Fi 369
Show Commands and Outputs 370
show apn name 370
show config apn intershat 370
Expanded Prioritization for VoLTE/Emergency Calls 371
CHAPTER 17
Feature Description 371
Relationships to Other Features 371
Licensing 372
How It Works 373
Configuring Expanded Prioritization for VoLTE/Emergency Calls 374
Configuring eMPS Profile and its Associated Attributes 374
Associating an eMPS Profile with P-GW Service 375
Associating an eMPS Profile with S-GW Service 375
Monitoring and Troubleshooting the Expanded Prioritization for VoLTE/Emergency Calls 376
Show Command(s) and/or Outputs 376
Bulkstats for Expanded Prioritization for VoLTE/Emergency Calls 380
Extended QCI Options 383
CHAPTER 18
Per QCI Packet Drop Counters and ARP Granularity for QCI Level Counters 383
Feature Description 383
Configuring ARP Granularity for QCI Level Counters 384
Create a Stats Profile 384
Enable the Collection of Packet Drop Statistics 385
Enable the Collection of QCI/ARP Level Statistics 385
Associate a Stats Profile with an APN 386
Verify the Configuration 386
Monitoring Per QCI Packet Drop Counters and ARP Granularity for QCI Level Counters 387
Bulk Statistics 387
Show Commands 388
DSCP Marking Based on Both QCI and ARP Values 396
Feature Description 396
Relationships to Other Features 397
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Licensing 397
How It Works 397
Configuring DSCP Marking Based on Both QCI and ARP Values 398
Configuring QCI-QoS Mapping 398
Associating QCI-QoS Mapping Configuration 398
Configuring CS5 Marking for GTP-C 399
Verifying the Configuration 399
Monitoring DSCP Marking Based on Both QCI and ARP Values 399
Output of Show Commands 399
New Standard QCI Support 399
Feature Description 400
Licensing 400
How it Works 400
Expected Call Flow Output 401
Configuring New Standard QCIs 409
Configuring QCI-QoS Mapping 409
Configuring Local QCI Mapping for Gn/Gp QoS Support 410
Configuring Transaction Rate Network Initiated Setup/Teardown Events 410
Enable Mission Critical QCIs 411
Verifying the Configuration 411
Monitoring the Feature 411
Bulk Statistics 411
Show Commands 427
Non-standard QCI Support 436
Feature Description 436
Licensing 436
How It Works 436
Limitations 436
Standards Compliance 436
Configuring Non-standard QCI Support 436
Configuring Non-standard QCI Support in P-GW 437
Monitoring Non-standard QCI Support 438
Bulk Statistics 438
Output of Show Commands 438
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