HP ProLiant NAS Gateways User manual

HP
Brand
HP
Model
ProLiant NAS Gateways
Category
System management software
Type
User manual
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage
Server
user guide
Part number: AN583-96001
First edition: September 2008
Legal and notice information
© Copyright 1999, 2008 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Confidential computer software. Valid license from HP required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211
and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items
are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license.
The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP products and services are set
forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as
constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.
Intel, Itanium, Pentium, Intel Inside, and the Intel Inside logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or
its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows XP, and Windows NT are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Adobe and Acrobat are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Java is a US trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Oracle is a registered US trademark of Oracle Corporation, Redwood City, California.
UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
Contents
About this guide ................................................................................. 11
Intended audience .................................................................................................................... 11
Related documentation .............................................................................................................. 11
Document conventions and symbols ............................................................................................. 11
Rack stability ............................................................................................................................ 12
HP technical support ................................................................................................................. 13
Customer self repair .................................................................................................................. 13
Product warranties .................................................................................................................... 13
Subscription service .................................................................................................................. 13
HP websites ............................................................................................................................. 13
Documentation feedback ........................................................................................................... 14
1 Storage management overview .......................................................... 15
Storage management elements ................................................................................................... 15
Storage management example ............................................................................................. 15
Physical storage elements .................................................................................................... 16
Arrays ........................................................................................................................ 17
Fault tolerance ............................................................................................................. 18
Online spares ............................................................................................................. 18
Logical storage elements ..................................................................................................... 18
Logical drives (LUNs) .................................................................................................... 18
Partitions .................................................................................................................... 19
Volumes ..................................................................................................................... 19
File system elements ............................................................................................................20
File sharing elements .......................................................................................................... 20
Volume Shadow Copy Service overview ................................................................................ 20
Using storage elements ....................................................................................................... 21
Clustered server elements .................................................................................................... 21
Network adapter teaming .......................................................................................................... 21
Management tools .................................................................................................................... 21
HP Systems Insight Manager ................................................................................................ 21
Management Agents .......................................................................................................... 22
2 File server management .................................................................... 23
File services features in Windows Storage Server 2003 R2 ............................................................ 23
Storage Manager for SANs ................................................................................................. 23
Single Instance Storage ....................................................................................................... 23
File Server Resource Manager .............................................................................................. 23
Windows SharePoint Services .............................................................................................. 24
HP Storage Server Management Console .............................................................................. 24
File services management .......................................................................................................... 24
Configurable and pre-configured storage .............................................................................. 25
Storage management utilities ............................................................................................... 25
Array management utilities ............................................................................................ 25
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 3
Array Configuration Utility ............................................................................................ 26
Disk Management utility ............................................................................................... 27
Guidelines for managing disks and volumes .......................................................................... 27
Scheduling defragmentation ................................................................................................ 27
Disk quotas ....................................................................................................................... 28
Adding storage ..................................................................................................................29
Expanding storage ...................................................................................................... 29
Extending storage using Windows Storage Utilities .......................................................... 29
Expanding storage for EVA arrays using Command View EVA ........................................... 30
Expanding storage using the Array Configuration Utility ................................................... 30
Volume shadow copies .............................................................................................................. 31
Shadow copy planning ....................................................................................................... 31
Identifying the volume .................................................................................................. 31
Allocating disk space ................................................................................................... 32
Identifying the storage area .......................................................................................... 33
Determining creation frequency ..................................................................................... 33
Shadow copies and drive defragmentation ............................................................................ 33
Mounted drives ..................................................................................................................34
Managing shadow copies ................................................................................................... 34
The shadow copy cache file .......................................................................................... 35
Enabling and creating shadow copies ............................................................................ 36
Viewing a list of shadow copies ..................................................................................... 37
Set schedules .............................................................................................................. 37
Viewing shadow copy properties ................................................................................... 37
Redirecting shadow copies to an alternate volume ........................................................... 38
Disabling shadow copies .............................................................................................. 38
Managing shadow copies from the storage server desktop ...................................................... 39
Shadow Copies for Shared Folders ....................................................................................... 39
SMB shadow copies .................................................................................................... 40
NFS shadow copies ..................................................................................................... 41
Recovery of files or folders ............................................................................................ 42
Recovering a deleted file or folder .................................................................................. 42
Recovering an overwritten or corrupted file ...................................................................... 43
Recovering a folder ...................................................................................................... 43
Backup and shadow copies .......................................................................................... 44
Shadow Copy Transport ...................................................................................................... 44
Folder and share management ................................................................................................... 45
Folder management ............................................................................................................ 45
Share management ............................................................................................................ 51
Share considerations .................................................................................................... 51
Defining Access Control Lists ......................................................................................... 52
Integrating local file system security into Windows domain environments ............................. 52
Comparing administrative (hidden) and standard shares ................................................... 52
Managing shares ........................................................................................................ 53
File Server Resource Manager ....................................................................................................53
Quota management ........................................................................................................... 53
File screening management ................................................................................................. 54
Storage reports .................................................................................................................. 54
Other Windows disk and data management tools ......................................................................... 54
Additional information and references for file services .................................................................... 54
Backup ............................................................................................................................. 54
HP StorageWorks Library and Tape Tools .............................................................................. 55
Antivirus ............................................................................................................................ 55
Security ............................................................................................................................ 55
More information ............................................................................................................... 55
4
3 Print services ................................................................................... 57
Microsoft Print Management Console .......................................................................................... 57
New or improved HP print server features .................................................................................... 57
HP Web Jetadmin .............................................................................................................. 57
HP Install Network Printer Wizard ........................................................................................ 57
HP Download Manager for Jetdirect Printer Devices ................................................................ 57
Microsoft Print Migrator utility .............................................................................................. 57
Network printer drivers ....................................................................................................... 58
Print services management ......................................................................................................... 58
Microsoft Print Management Console .................................................................................... 58
HP Web Jetadmin installation .............................................................................................. 58
Web-based printer management and Internet printing ............................................................. 58
Planning considerations for print services ............................................................................... 59
Print queue creation ............................................................................................................59
Sustaining print administration tasks ............................................................................................ 60
Driver updates ................................................................................................................... 60
Print drivers ................................................................................................................. 60
User-mode vs. kernel-mode drivers .................................................................................. 60
Kernel-mode driver installation blocked by default ............................................................ 60
HP Jetdirect firmware .................................................................................................... 60
Printer server scalability and sizing ....................................................................................... 61
Backup ............................................................................................................................. 61
Best practices ........................................................................................................................... 61
Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................................ 62
Additional references for print services ......................................................................................... 62
4 Microsoft Services for Network File System (MSNFS) ............................. 63
MSNFS Features ....................................................................................................................... 63
UNIX Identity Management ................................................................................................. 63
MSNFS use scenarios ................................................................................................................ 64
MSNFS components ........................................................................................................... 64
Administering MSNFS .................................................................................................. 65
Server for NFS ............................................................................................................ 65
User Name Mapping ................................................................................................... 70
Microsoft Services for NFS troubleshooting ...................................................................... 72
Microsoft Services for NFS command-line tools ................................................................ 72
Optimizing Server for NFS performance ......................................................................... 72
Print services for UNIX .................................................................................................. 72
5 Other network file and print services ................................................... 75
File and Print Services for NetWare (FPNW) ................................................................................ 75
Installing Services for NetWare ............................................................................................ 75
Managing File and Print Services for NetWare ...................................................................... 76
Creating and managing NetWare users ................................................................................ 77
Adding local NetWare users ......................................................................................... 78
Enabling local NetWare user accounts ........................................................................... 78
Managing NCP volumes (shares) ......................................................................................... 79
Creating a new NCP share ........................................................................................... 80
Modifying NCP share properties ................................................................................... 80
Print Services for NetWare .................................................................................................. 80
Point and Print from Novell to Windows Server 2003 ....................................................... 80
Additional resources .................................................................................................... 81
AppleTalk and file services for Macintosh ..................................................................................... 81
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 5
Installing the AppleTalk protocol ........................................................................................... 81
Installing File Services for Macintosh ..................................................................................... 81
Completing setup of AppleTalk protocol and shares ................................................................ 81
Print services for Macintosh .................................................................................................. 82
Installing Print Services for Macintosh .................................................................................... 82
Point and Print from Macintosh to Windows Server 2003 ........................................................ 82
6 Enterprise storage servers .................................................................. 83
Windows Server Remote Administration Applet ............................................................................ 83
Microsoft iSCSI Software Target .................................................................................................. 84
Virtual disk storage ............................................................................................................. 84
Snapshots ......................................................................................................................... 84
Wizards ............................................................................................................................ 85
Create iSCSI Target Wizard .......................................................................................... 85
Create Virtual Disk Wizard ........................................................................................... 86
Import Virtual Disk Wizard ............................................................................................ 87
Extend Virtual Disk Wizard ........................................................................................... 87
Schedule Snapshot Wizard ........................................................................................... 87
Hardware provider ............................................................................................................. 88
Cluster support ................................................................................................................... 88
7 Cluster administration ....................................................................... 89
Cluster overview ....................................................................................................................... 89
Cluster terms and components ....................................................................................................90
Nodes .............................................................................................................................. 90
Resources .......................................................................................................................... 90
Cluster groups ................................................................................................................... 91
Virtual servers .................................................................................................................... 91
Failover and failback .......................................................................................................... 91
Quorum disk .....................................................................................................................91
Cluster concepts ....................................................................................................................... 92
Sequence of events for cluster resources ................................................................................ 92
Hierarchy of cluster resource components .............................................................................. 93
Cluster planning ....................................................................................................................... 93
Storage planning ............................................................................................................... 94
Network planning .............................................................................................................. 94
Protocol planning ...............................................................................................................95
Preparing for cluster installation .................................................................................................. 96
Before beginning installation ............................................................................................... 96
Using multipath data paths for high availability ...................................................................... 96
Enabling cluster aware Microsoft Services for NFS (optional) .................................................... 96
Checklists for cluster server installation .................................................................................. 97
Network requirements .................................................................................................. 97
Shared disk requirements .............................................................................................. 98
Cluster installation ..................................................................................................................... 98
Setting up networks ............................................................................................................ 99
Configuring the private network adapter ......................................................................... 99
Configuring the public network adapter .......................................................................... 99
Renaming the local area connection icons ...................................................................... 99
Verifying connectivity and name resolution ...................................................................... 99
Verifying domain membership ..................................................................................... 100
Setting up a cluster account ........................................................................................ 100
About the Quorum disk .............................................................................................. 100
Configuring shared disks ............................................................................................ 100
6
Verifying disk access and functionality .......................................................................... 100
Configuring cluster service software ........................................................................................... 100
Using Cluster Administrator ............................................................................................... 101
Using Cluster Administrator remotely ............................................................................ 101
The HP Storage Server Management Console ................................................................ 101
Creating a cluster ............................................................................................................. 101
Adding nodes to a cluster .................................................................................................. 101
Geographically dispersed clusters ...................................................................................... 102
Cluster groups and resources, including file shares ...................................................................... 102
Cluster group overview ..................................................................................................... 102
Node-based cluster groups ......................................................................................... 102
Load balancing ......................................................................................................... 103
File share resource planning issues ..................................................................................... 103
Resource planning ..................................................................................................... 103
Permissions and access rights on share resources ........................................................... 103
NFS cluster-specific issues ........................................................................................... 104
Non cluster aware file sharing protocols .............................................................................. 104
Adding new storage to a cluster ......................................................................................... 104
Creating physical disk resources .................................................................................. 105
Creating file share resources ....................................................................................... 105
Creating NFS share resources ..................................................................................... 105
Shadow copies in a cluster ................................................................................................ 105
Extend a LUN in a cluster .................................................................................................. 106
MSNFS administration on a server cluster ............................................................................ 106
Best practices for running Server for NFS in a server cluster ............................................. 106
Print services in a cluster .......................................................................................................... 107
Creating a cluster printer spooler ........................................................................................ 107
Advanced cluster administration procedures ............................................................................... 108
Failing over and failing back ............................................................................................. 108
Restarting one cluster node ................................................................................................ 108
Shutting down one cluster node .......................................................................................... 108
Powering down the cluster ................................................................................................. 109
Powering up the cluster ..................................................................................................... 109
Additional information and references for cluster services ............................................................. 110
8 Troubleshooting, servicing, and maintenance ..................................... 111
Troubleshooting the storage server ............................................................................................ 111
WEBES (Web Based Enterprise Services) ................................................................................... 112
Maintenance and service ......................................................................................................... 112
Maintenance and service documentation ............................................................................. 112
Maintenance updates ....................................................................................................... 112
System updates .......................................................................................................... 112
Firmware updates ............................................................................................................. 112
Certificate of Authenticity ......................................................................................................... 113
9 System recovery ............................................................................. 115
The System Recovery DVD ........................................................................................................ 115
To restore a factory image ....................................................................................................... 115
Systems with a DON'T ERASE partition ...................................................................................... 115
Managing disks after a restoration ............................................................................................ 115
A Regulatory compliance and safety ................................................... 117
Federal Communications Commission notice .............................................................................. 117
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 7
Class A equipment ........................................................................................................... 117
Class B equipment ............................................................................................................ 117
Declaration of conformity for products marked with the FCC logo, United States only ................ 118
Modifications .................................................................................................................. 118
Cables ............................................................................................................................ 118
Laser compliance .................................................................................................................... 118
International notices and statements .......................................................................................... 119
Canadian notice (Avis Canadien) ....................................................................................... 119
Class A equipment ..................................................................................................... 119
Class B equipment ..................................................................................................... 119
European Union notice ...................................................................................................... 119
BSMI notice ..................................................................................................................... 120
Japanese notice ............................................................................................................... 120
Korean notice A&B ........................................................................................................... 120
Class A equipment ..................................................................................................... 120
Class B equipment ..................................................................................................... 120
Safety ................................................................................................................................... 121
Battery replacement notice ................................................................................................ 121
Taiwan battery recycling notice .......................................................................................... 121
Power cords ..................................................................................................................... 121
Japanese power cord notice .............................................................................................. 122
Electrostatic discharge ....................................................................................................... 122
Preventing electrostatic discharge ................................................................................. 122
Grounding methods ................................................................................................... 122
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) directive ......................................................... 122
Czechoslovakian notice ..................................................................................................... 122
Danish notice .................................................................................................................. 123
Dutch notice .................................................................................................................... 123
English notice .................................................................................................................. 123
Estonian notice ................................................................................................................ 124
Finnish notice ................................................................................................................... 124
French notice ................................................................................................................... 124
German notice ................................................................................................................. 124
Greek notice .................................................................................................................... 125
Hungarian notice ............................................................................................................. 125
Italian notice .................................................................................................................... 125
Latvian notice .................................................................................................................. 125
Lithuanian notice .............................................................................................................. 126
Polish notice .................................................................................................................... 126
Portuguese notice ............................................................................................................. 126
Slovakian notice ............................................................................................................... 127
Slovenian notice ............................................................................................................... 127
Spanish notice ................................................................................................................. 127
Swedish notice ................................................................................................................. 127
Index ............................................................................................... 129
8
Figures
Storage management process example ...................................................................... 161
Configuring arrays from physical drives ...................................................................... 172
RAID 0 (data striping) (S1-S4) of data blocks (B1-B12) ................................................ 173
Two arrays (A1, A2) and five logical drives (L1 through L5) spread over five physical
drives .................................................................................................................... 19
4
System administrator view of Shadow Copies for Shared Folders ................................... 355
Shadow copies stored on a source volume ................................................................. 356
Shadow copies stored on a separate volume .............................................................. 367
Accessing shadow copies from My Computer ............................................................. 398
Client GUI ............................................................................................................. 419
Recovering a deleted file or folder ............................................................................. 4310
Properties dialog box, Security tab ............................................................................ 4611
Advanced Security settings dialog box, Permissions tab ............................................... 4712
User or group Permission Entry dialog box ................................................................. 4813
Advanced Security Settings dialog box, Auditing tab ................................................... 4914
Select User or Group dialog box ............................................................................... 4915
Auditing Entry dialog box for folder name NTFS Test ................................................... 5016
Advanced Security Settings dialog box, Owner tab ..................................................... 5117
Accessing MSNFS from HP Storage Server Management console .................................. 6518
File and Print Services for NetWare dialog box ........................................................... 7719
New User dialog box .............................................................................................. 7820
NetWare Services tab ............................................................................................. 7921
iSCSI Initiators Identifiers page ................................................................................. 8522
Advanced Identifiers page ....................................................................................... 8623
Add/Edit Identifier page .......................................................................................... 8624
Storage server cluster diagram .................................................................................. 9025
Cluster concepts diagram ......................................................................................... 9226
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 9
Tables
Document conventions ............................................................................................. 111
Summary of RAID methods ....................................................................................... 182
Tasks and utilities needed for storage server configuration ............................................ 253
Authentication table ................................................................................................ 664
MSNFS command-line administration tools ................................................................. 725
Sharing protocol cluster support ................................................................................ 956
Power sequencing for cluster installation ..................................................................... 987
10
About this guide
This guide provides information about configuring, managing, and troubleshooting the HP ProLiant
SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server.
Intended audience
This guide is intended for technical professionals with knowledge of:
• Microsoft® administrative procedures
• System and storage configurations
Related documentation
The following documents [and websites] provide related information:
• HP Integrated Lights-Out 2 User Guide
• HP ProLiant Lights-Out 100 Remote Management User Guide
You can find these documents from the Manuals page of the HP Business Support Center website:
http://www.hp.com/support/manuals
In the Storage section, click Disk Storage Systems and then select your product.
Document conventions and symbols
Table 1 Document conventions
ElementConvention
Cross-reference links and e-mail addressesBlue text: Table 1
Website addressesBlue, underlined text: h
ttp://www.hp.com
• Keys that are pressed
• Text typed into a GUI element, such as a box
• GUI elements that are clicked or selected, such as menu
and list items, buttons, tabs, and check boxes
Bold text
Text emphasisItalic text
• File and directory names
• System output
• Code
• Commands, their arguments, and argument values
Monospace text
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 11
ElementConvention
• Code variables
• Command variables
Monospace, italic text
Emphasized monospace text
Monospace, bold text
WARNING!
Indicates that failure to follow directions could result in bodily harm or death.
CAUTION:
Indicates that failure to follow directions could result in damage to equipment or data.
IMPORTANT:
Provides clarifying information or specific instructions.
NOTE:
Provides additional information.
TIP:
Provides helpful hints and shortcuts.
Rack stability
Rack stability protects personnel and equipment.
WARNING!
To reduce the risk of personal injury or damage to equipment:
• Extend leveling jacks to the floor.
• Ensure that the full weight of the rack rests on the leveling jacks.
• Install stabilizing feet on the rack.
• In multiple-rack installations, fasten racks together securely.
• Extend only one rack component at a time. Racks can become unstable if more than one component
is extended.
About this guide12
HP technical support
For worldwide technical support information, see the HP support website:
http://www.hp.com/support
Before contacting HP, collect the following information:
• Product model names and numbers
• Technical support registration number (if applicable)
• Product serial numbers
• Error messages
• Operating system type and revision level
• Detailed questions
Customer self repair
HP customer self repair (CSR) programs allow you to repair your StorageWorks product. If a CSR
part needs replacing, HP ships the part directly to you so that you can install it at your convenience.
Some parts do not qualify for CSR. Your HP-authorized service provider will determine whether a
repair can be accomplished by CSR.
For more information about CSR, contact your local service provider. For North America, see the CSR
website:
http://www.hp.com/go/selfrepair
Product warranties
For information about HP StorageWorks product warranties, see the warranty information website:
http://www.hp.com/go/storagewarranty
Subscription service
HP recommends that you register your product at the Subscriber's Choice for Business website:
http://www.hp.com/go/e-updates
After registering, you will receive e-mail notification of product enhancements, new driver versions,
firmware updates, and other product resources.
HP websites
For additional information, see the following HP websites:
•http://www.hp.com
•http://www.hp.com/go/storage
•http://www.hp.com/service_locator
•http://www.hp.com/support/manuals
•http://www.hp.com/support/downloads
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 13
Documentation feedback
HP welcomes your feedback.
To make comments and suggestions about product documentation, please send a message to
storagedocsFeedback@hp.com. All submissions become the property of HP.
About this guide14
1 Storage management overview
This chapter provides an overview of some of the components that make up the storage structure of
the HP ProLiant Storage Server.
Storage management elements
Storage is divided into four major divisions:
• Physical storage elements
• Logical storage elements
• File system elements
• File sharing elements
Each of these elements is composed of the previous level's elements.
Storage management example
Figure 1 depicts many of the storage elements that one would find on a storage device. The following
sections provide an overview of the storage elements.
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 15
Single Server Cluster Implementation
Physical Disks
Logical Drives
RAID Arrays
Selective Storage
Presentaion
Visible Disks
Partitioning
NTFS Volumes
Shadow Copies
(Snapshots)
Cluster Physical
Disk Resources
Fault-tolerant
CIFS/SMB and
NFS File Shares
Cluster Virtual
Server Groups
(Network Name)
(IP Address)
(Cluster Admin)
File Folders
Storage
Elements
Logical
Storage
Elements
File
System
Elements
Shadow Copy
Elements
Cluster
Elements
File
Sharing
Elements
CIFS and NFS
File Shares
\Engineering
\Marketing
\Users \Sales \Engineering
\Marketing
\Users \Sales \Customers
from 02/10/03 09:30 \snapshot.0
from 02/10/03 11:30 \snapshot.1
from 02/10/03 09:30 \snapshot.0
from 02/10/03 11:30 \snapshot.1
Q:
Q:
Q:
R:
R:
R:
R:
T:
S:
S:
U:
U:
\Users
\\VirtualServerA
IP Addresss 172.1.1.1.
\\VirtualServerA
IP Addresss 172.1.1.2.
\Sales
\Marketing
\Engineering
\Snapshot.0
\Snapshot.1
\Sales
\Users
\Customers
\Marketing
\Engineering
\Snapshot.0
\Snapshot.1
T:
g
l0044
Figure 1 Storage management process example
Physical storage elements
The lowest level of storage management occurs at the physical drive level. Minimally, choosing the
best disk carving strategy includes the following policies:
• Analyze current corporate and departmental structure.
• Analyze the current file server structure and environment.
• Plan properly to ensure the best configuration and use of storage.
• Determine the desired priority of fault tolerance, performance, and storage capacity.
• Use the determined priority of system characteristics to determine the optimal striping policy
and RAID level.
Storage management overview16
• Include the appropriate number of physical drives in the arrays to create logical storage elements
of desired sizes.
Arrays
See Figure 2. With an array controller installed in the system, the capacity of several physical drives
(P1–P3) can be logically combined into one or more logical units (L1) called arrays. When this is
done, the read/write heads of all the constituent physical drives are active simultaneously, dramatically
reducing the overall time required for data transfer.
NOTE:
Depending on the storage server model, array configuration may not be possible or necessary.
P1 P3P2
L1
gl0042
Figure 2 Configuring arrays from physical drives
Because the read/write heads are simultaneously active, the same amount of data is written to each
drive during any given time interval. Each unit of data is termed a block. The blocks form a set of
data stripes over all the hard drives in an array, as shown in Figure 3.
S
1
S
2
S
3
S
4
B1
B4
B7
B2
B5
B8
B11B10 B12
B6
B3
B9
g
l0043
Figure 3 RAID 0 (data striping) (S1-S4) of data blocks (B1-B12)
For data in the array to be readable, the data block sequence within each stripe must be the same.
This sequencing process is performed by the array controller, which sends the data blocks to the drive
write heads in the correct order.
A natural consequence of the striping process is that each hard drive in a given array contains the
same number of data blocks.
NOTE:
If one hard drive has a larger capacity than other hard drives in the same array, the extra capacity is
wasted because it cannot be used by the array.
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 17
Fault tolerance
Drive failure, although rare, is potentially catastrophic. For example, using simple striping as shown
in Figure 3, failure of any hard drive leads to failure of all logical drives in the same array, and hence
to data loss.
To protect against data loss from hard drive failure, storage servers should be configured with fault
tolerance. HP recommends adhering to RAID 5 configurations.
The table below summarizes the important features of the different kinds of RAID supported by the
Smart Array controllers. The decision chart in the following table can help determine which option is
best for different situations.
Table 2 Summary of RAID methods
RAID 6 (ADG)
RAID 5
Distributed
Data Guarding
RAID 1+0
Mirroring
RAID 0
Striping (no
fault tolerance)
Storage system dependent14N/AN/A
Maximum number of hard
drives
YesYesYesNo
Tolerant of single hard
drive failure?
Yes (two drives can fail)No
If the failed
drives are not
mirrored to
each other
No
Tolerant of multiple
simultaneous hard drive
failures?
Online spares
Further protection against data loss can be achieved by assigning an online spare (or hot spare) to
any configuration except RAID 0. This hard drive contains no data and is contained within the same
storage subsystem as the other drives in the array. When a hard drive in the array fails, the controller
can then automatically rebuild information that was originally on the failed drive onto the online spare.
This quickly restores the system to full RAID level fault tolerance protection. However, unless RAID
Advanced Data Guarding (ADG) is being used, which can support two drive failures in an array, in
the unlikely event that a third drive in the array should fail while data is being rewritten to the spare,
the logical drive still fails.
Logical storage elements
Logical storage elements consist of those components that translate the physical storage elements to
file system elements. The storage server uses the Window Disk Management utility to manage the
various types of disks presented to the file system. There are two types of LUN presentation: basic
disk and dynamic disk. Each of these types of disk has special features that enable different types of
management.
Logical drives (LUNs)
While an array is a physical grouping of hard drives, a logical drive consists of components that
translate physical storage elements into file system elements.
Storage management overview18
It is important to note that a LUN may span all physical drives within a storage controller subsystem,
but cannot span multiple storage controller subsystems.
L4
L5
L3
A1
L
1
L
2
A2
gl0045
Figure 4 Two arrays (A1, A2) and five logical drives (L1 through L5) spread over five physical drives
NOTE:
This type of configuration may not apply to all storage servers and serves only as an example.
Through the use of basic disks, you can create primary partitions or extended partitions. Partitions
can only encompass one LUN. Through the use of dynamic disks, you can create volumes that span
multiple LUNs. You can use the Windows Disk Management utility to convert disks to dynamic and
back to basic and to manage the volumes residing on dynamic disks. Other options include the ability
to delete, extend, mirror, and repair these elements.
Partitions
Partitions exist as either primary partitions or extended partitions and can be composed of only one
basic disk no larger than 2 TB. Basic disks can also only contain up to four primary partitions, or
three primary partitions and one extended partition. In addition, the partitions on them cannot be
extended beyond the limits of a single LUN. Extended partitions allow the user to create multiple
logical drives. These partitions or logical disks can be assigned drive letters or be used as mount
points on existing disks. If mount points are used, it should be noted that Services for UNIX (SFU) does
not support mount points at this time. The use of mount points in conjunction with NFS shares is not
supported.
Volumes
When planning dynamic disks and volumes, there is a limit to the amount of growth a single volume
can undergo. Volumes are limited in size and can have no more than 32 separate LUNs, with each
LUN not exceeding 2 terabytes (TB), and volumes totaling no more than 64 TB of disk space.
The RAID level of the LUNs included in a volume must be considered. All of the units that make up a
volume should have the same high-availability characteristics. In other words, the units should all be
of the same RAID level. For example, it would not be a good practice to include both a RAID 1+0
and a RAID 5 array in the same volume set. By keeping all the units the same, the entire volume retains
the same performance and high-availability characteristics, making managing and maintaining the
volume much easier. If a dynamic disk goes offline, the entire volume dependent on the one or more
dynamic disks is unavailable. There could be a potential for data loss depending on the nature of the
failed LUN.
Volumes are created out of the dynamic disks, and can be expanded on the fly to extend over multiple
dynamic disks if they are spanned volumes. However, after a type of volume is selected, it cannot be
altered. For example, a spanning volume cannot be altered to a mirrored volume without deleting
and recreating the volume, unless it is a simple volume. Simple volumes can be mirrored or converted
to spanned volumes. Fault-tolerant disks cannot be extended. Therefore, selection of the volume type
HP ProLiant SB460c SAN Gateway Storage Server 19
is important. The same performance characteristics on numbers of reads and writes apply when using
fault-tolerant configurations, as is the case with controller-based RAID. These volumes can also be
assigned drive letters or be mounted as mount points off existing drive letters.
The administrator should carefully consider how the volumes will be carved up and what groups or
applications will be using them. For example, putting several storage-intensive applications or groups
into the same dynamic disk set would not be efficient. These applications or groups would be better
served by being divided up into separate dynamic disks, which could then grow as their space
requirements increased, within the allowable growth limits.
NOTE:
Dynamic disks cannot be used for clustering configurations because Microsoft Cluster only supports basic
disks.
File system elements
File system elements are composed of the folders and subfolders that are created under each logical
storage element (partitions, logical disks, and volumes). Folders are used to further subdivide the
available file system, providing another level of granularity for management of the information space.
Each of these folders can contain separate permissions and share names that can be used for network
access. Folders can be created for individual users, groups, projects, and so on.
File sharing elements
The storage server supports several file sharing protocols, including Distributed File System (DFS),
Network File System (NFS), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), and
Microsoft Server Message Block (SMB). On each folder or logical storage element, different file sharing
protocols can be enabled using specific network names for access across a network to a variety of
clients. Permissions can then be granted to those shares based on users or groups of users in each of
the file sharing protocols.
Volume Shadow Copy Service overview
The Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) provides an infrastructure for creating point-in-time snapshots
(shadow copies) of volumes. VSS supports 64 shadow copies per volume.
Shadow Copies of Shared Folders resides within this infrastructure, and helps alleviate data loss by
creating shadow copies of files or folders that are stored on network file shares at pre-determined
time intervals. In essence, a shadow copy is a previous version of the file or folder at a specific point
in time.
By using shadow copies, a storage server can maintain a set of previous versions of all files on the
selected volumes. End users access the file or folder by using a separate client add-on program, which
enables them to view the file in Windows Explorer.
Shadow copies should not replace the current backup, archive, or business recovery system, but they
can help to simplify restore procedures. For example, shadow copies cannot protect against data loss
due to media failures; however, recovering data from shadow copies can reduce the number of times
needed to restore data from tape.
Storage management overview20
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
Page is loading ...
  • Page 1 1
  • Page 2 2
  • Page 3 3
  • Page 4 4
  • Page 5 5
  • Page 6 6
  • Page 7 7
  • Page 8 8
  • Page 9 9
  • Page 10 10
  • Page 11 11
  • Page 12 12
  • Page 13 13
  • Page 14 14
  • Page 15 15
  • Page 16 16
  • Page 17 17
  • Page 18 18
  • Page 19 19
  • Page 20 20
  • Page 21 21
  • Page 22 22
  • Page 23 23
  • Page 24 24
  • Page 25 25
  • Page 26 26
  • Page 27 27
  • Page 28 28
  • Page 29 29
  • Page 30 30
  • Page 31 31
  • Page 32 32
  • Page 33 33
  • Page 34 34
  • Page 35 35
  • Page 36 36
  • Page 37 37
  • Page 38 38
  • Page 39 39
  • Page 40 40
  • Page 41 41
  • Page 42 42
  • Page 43 43
  • Page 44 44
  • Page 45 45
  • Page 46 46
  • Page 47 47
  • Page 48 48
  • Page 49 49
  • Page 50 50
  • Page 51 51
  • Page 52 52
  • Page 53 53
  • Page 54 54
  • Page 55 55
  • Page 56 56
  • Page 57 57
  • Page 58 58
  • Page 59 59
  • Page 60 60
  • Page 61 61
  • Page 62 62
  • Page 63 63
  • Page 64 64
  • Page 65 65
  • Page 66 66
  • Page 67 67
  • Page 68 68
  • Page 69 69
  • Page 70 70
  • Page 71 71
  • Page 72 72
  • Page 73 73
  • Page 74 74
  • Page 75 75
  • Page 76 76
  • Page 77 77
  • Page 78 78
  • Page 79 79
  • Page 80 80
  • Page 81 81
  • Page 82 82
  • Page 83 83
  • Page 84 84
  • Page 85 85
  • Page 86 86
  • Page 87 87
  • Page 88 88
  • Page 89 89
  • Page 90 90
  • Page 91 91
  • Page 92 92
  • Page 93 93
  • Page 94 94
  • Page 95 95
  • Page 96 96
  • Page 97 97
  • Page 98 98
  • Page 99 99
  • Page 100 100
  • Page 101 101
  • Page 102 102
  • Page 103 103
  • Page 104 104
  • Page 105 105
  • Page 106 106
  • Page 107 107
  • Page 108 108
  • Page 109 109
  • Page 110 110
  • Page 111 111
  • Page 112 112
  • Page 113 113
  • Page 114 114
  • Page 115 115
  • Page 116 116
  • Page 117 117
  • Page 118 118
  • Page 119 119
  • Page 120 120
  • Page 121 121
  • Page 122 122
  • Page 123 123
  • Page 124 124
  • Page 125 125
  • Page 126 126
  • Page 127 127
  • Page 128 128
  • Page 129 129
  • Page 130 130
  • Page 131 131
  • Page 132 132

HP ProLiant NAS Gateways User manual

HP
Brand
HP
Model
ProLiant NAS Gateways
Category
System management software
Type
User manual
Download PDF
report

Ask a question and I''ll find the answer in the document

Finding information in a document is now easier with AI

Related papers

Other documents