Dell PowerSwitch Z9100-ON User guide

Dell Networking OS Conguration Guide for the

Z9100–ON System

9.11.2.5

Notes, cautions, and warnings

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your product.

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem.

WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

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2017 - 10

Rev. A00

Contents

1 About this Guide...........................................................................................................................................34

Audience............................................................................................................................................................................34

Conventions......................................................................................................................................................................34

Related Documents......................................................................................................................................................... 34

2 Conguration Fundamentals........................................................................................................................ 35

Accessing the Command Line........................................................................................................................................35

CLI Modes.........................................................................................................................................................................35

Navigating CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................... 37

The do Command............................................................................................................................................................ 40

Undoing Commands........................................................................................................................................................ 40

Obtaining Help...................................................................................................................................................................41

Entering and Editing Commands.................................................................................................................................... 41

Command History............................................................................................................................................................ 42

Filtering show Command Outputs................................................................................................................................. 42

Example of the grep Keyword.................................................................................................................................. 42

Multiple Users in Conguration Mode...........................................................................................................................43

3 Getting Started............................................................................................................................................44

Console Access................................................................................................................................................................45

Serial Console.............................................................................................................................................................45

Micro USB-B Access.................................................................................................................................................46

Default Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................47

Conguring a Host Name................................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely....................................................................................................................................47

Accessing the System Remotely..............................................................................................................................47

Congure the Management Port IP Address......................................................................................................... 47

Congure a Management Route..............................................................................................................................48

Conguring a Username and Password.................................................................................................................. 48

Conguring the Enable Password..................................................................................................................................48

Conguration File Management.....................................................................................................................................49

Copy Files to and from the System......................................................................................................................... 49

Mounting an NFS File System..................................................................................................................................50

Save the Running-Conguration.............................................................................................................................. 51

Congure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario............................................................................................... 52

Viewing Files...............................................................................................................................................................52

Managing the File System.............................................................................................................................................. 53

View Command History.................................................................................................................................................. 53

Upgrading Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................... 54

Using HTTP for File Transfers........................................................................................................................................ 54

Verify Software Images Before Installation...................................................................................................................55

Contents

3

4 Management................................................................................................................................................57

Conguring Privilege Levels............................................................................................................................................57

Creating a Custom Privilege Level...........................................................................................................................58

Removing a Command from EXEC Mode.............................................................................................................. 58

Moving a Command from EXEC Privilege Mode to EXEC Mode........................................................................58

Allowing Access to CONFIGURATION Mode Commands....................................................................................58

Allowing Access to Dierent Modes........................................................................................................................58

Applying a Privilege Level to a Username...............................................................................................................60

Applying a Privilege Level to a Terminal Line.......................................................................................................... 60

Conguring Logging........................................................................................................................................................ 60

Audit and Security Logs.............................................................................................................................................61

Conguring Logging Format ...................................................................................................................................62

Setting Up a Secure Connection to a Syslog Server.............................................................................................62

Log Messages in the Internal Buer..............................................................................................................................64

Conguration Task List for System Log Management.......................................................................................... 64

Disabling System Logging............................................................................................................................................... 64

Sending System Messages to a Syslog Server............................................................................................................64

Conguring a UNIX System as a Syslog Server.....................................................................................................64

Track Login Activity......................................................................................................................................................... 65

Restrictions for Tracking Login Activity.................................................................................................................. 65

Conguring Login Activity Tracking.........................................................................................................................65

Display Login Statistics..............................................................................................................................................66

Limit Concurrent Login Sessions....................................................................................................................................67

Restrictions for Limiting the Number of Concurrent Sessions.............................................................................67

Conguring Concurrent Session Limit.....................................................................................................................67

Enabling the System to Clear Existing Sessions.................................................................................................... 68

Enabling Secured CLI Mode........................................................................................................................................... 69

Changing System Logging Settings.............................................................................................................................. 69

Display the Logging Buer and the Logging Conguration........................................................................................ 70

Conguring a UNIX Logging Facility Level....................................................................................................................70

Synchronizing Log Messages..........................................................................................................................................71

Enabling Timestamp on Syslog Messages.................................................................................................................... 72

File Transfer Services.......................................................................................................................................................72

Conguration Task List for File Transfer Services..................................................................................................72

Enabling the FTP Server........................................................................................................................................... 73

Conguring FTP Server Parameters........................................................................................................................73

Conguring FTP Client Parameters......................................................................................................................... 73

Terminal Lines................................................................................................................................................................... 74

Denying and Permitting Access to a Terminal Line................................................................................................ 74

Conguring Login Authentication for Terminal Lines.............................................................................................75

Setting Timeout for EXEC Privilege Mode................................................................................................................... 76

Using Telnet to get to Another Network Device.......................................................................................................... 77

Lock CONFIGURATION Mode....................................................................................................................................... 77

Viewing the Conguration Lock Status...................................................................................................................77

Reloading the system...................................................................................................................................................... 78

4

Contents

Restoring the Factory Default Settings.........................................................................................................................79

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................79

Restoring Factory Default Environment Variables................................................................................................. 79

5 802.1X.......................................................................................................................................................... 81

Port-Authentication Process..........................................................................................................................................83

EAP over RADIUS......................................................................................................................................................83

Conguring 802.1X...........................................................................................................................................................84

Related Conguration Tasks..................................................................................................................................... 84

Important Points to Remember......................................................................................................................................84

Enabling 802.1X................................................................................................................................................................ 85

Conguring dot1x Prole ................................................................................................................................................86

Conguring the Static MAB and MAB Prole ............................................................................................................. 87

Conguring Critical VLAN ..............................................................................................................................................87

Conguring MAC addresses for a do1x Prole.............................................................................................................88

Conguring Request Identity Re-Transmissions...........................................................................................................89

Conguring a Quiet Period after a Failed Authentication..................................................................................... 89

Forcibly Authorizing or Unauthorizing a Port............................................................................................................... 90

Re-Authenticating a Port.................................................................................................................................................91

Conguring Timeouts...................................................................................................................................................... 92

Conguring Dynamic VLAN Assignment with Port Authentication...........................................................................93

Guest and Authentication-Fail VLANs.......................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring a Guest VLAN....................................................................................................................................... 94

Conguring an Authentication-Fail VLAN...............................................................................................................94

6 Access Control List (ACL) VLAN Groups and Content Addressable Memory (CAM)....................................96

Optimizing CAM Utilization During the Attachment of ACLs to VLANs...................................................................96

Guidelines for Conguring ACL VLAN Groups............................................................................................................. 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups and Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters................................................ 97

Conguring ACL VLAN Groups................................................................................................................................97

Conguring FP Blocks for VLAN Parameters........................................................................................................ 98

Viewing CAM Usage........................................................................................................................................................99

Allocating FP Blocks for VLAN Processes.................................................................................................................. 100

7 Access Control Lists (ACLs)........................................................................................................................101

IP Access Control Lists (ACLs).....................................................................................................................................102

CAM Usage...............................................................................................................................................................103

Implementing ACLs on Dell Networking OS..........................................................................................................104

Congure ACL Range Proles...................................................................................................................................... 105

Important Points to Remember.................................................................................................................................... 106

Conguration Task List for Route Maps................................................................................................................106

Conguring Match Routes......................................................................................................................................109

Conguring Set Conditions......................................................................................................................................110

Congure a Route Map for Route Redistribution.................................................................................................. 111

Congure a Route Map for Route Tagging.............................................................................................................111

Continue Clause........................................................................................................................................................ 112

Contents

5

IP Fragment Handling..................................................................................................................................................... 112

IP Fragments ACL Examples....................................................................................................................................112

Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples................................................................................................................................... 113

Congure a Standard IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................114

Conguring a Standard IP ACL Filter......................................................................................................................115

Congure an Extended IP ACL......................................................................................................................................115

Conguring Filters with a Sequence Number........................................................................................................116

Conguring Filters Without a Sequence Number................................................................................................. 118

Congure Layer 2 and Layer 3 ACLs............................................................................................................................ 119

Assign an IP ACL to an Interface..................................................................................................................................120

Applying an IP ACL.........................................................................................................................................................120

Counting ACL Hits.....................................................................................................................................................121

Congure Ingress ACLs.................................................................................................................................................. 121

Congure Egress ACLs...................................................................................................................................................121

Applying Egress Layer 3 ACLs (Control-Plane).................................................................................................... 122

Conguring UDF ACL.....................................................................................................................................................123

IP Prex Lists.................................................................................................................................................................. 125

Implementation Information.................................................................................................................................... 125

Conguration Task List for Prex Lists.................................................................................................................. 126

ACL Resequencing......................................................................................................................................................... 129

Resequencing an ACL or Prex List.......................................................................................................................130

Route Maps......................................................................................................................................................................131

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 131

Flow-Based Monitoring.................................................................................................................................................. 131

Behavior of Flow-Based Monitoring....................................................................................................................... 131

Enabling Flow-Based Monitoring............................................................................................................................133

Conguring IP Mirror Access Group............................................................................................................................ 133

Sample Conguration...............................................................................................................................................134

Example of viewing IP mirror–access–group applied to an Interface................................................................135

8 Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).................................................................................................. 136

How BFD Works............................................................................................................................................................. 136

BFD Packet Format..................................................................................................................................................137

BFD Sessions............................................................................................................................................................ 138

BFD Three-Way Handshake.................................................................................................................................... 139

Session State Changes.............................................................................................................................................141

Important Points to Remember..................................................................................................................................... 141

Congure BFD................................................................................................................................................................. 141

Congure BFD for Physical Ports...........................................................................................................................142

Congure BFD for Static Routes............................................................................................................................143

Congure BFD for IPv6 Static Routes...................................................................................................................147

Congure BFD for OSPF.........................................................................................................................................149

Congure BFD for OSPFv3.....................................................................................................................................155

Congure BFD for IS-IS...........................................................................................................................................158

Congure BFD for BGP...........................................................................................................................................160

Congure BFD for VRRP.........................................................................................................................................166

6

Contents

Conguring Protocol Liveness................................................................................................................................ 169

Troubleshooting BFD................................................................................................................................................169

9 Border Gateway Protocol IPv4 (BGPv4)..................................................................................................... 171

Autonomous Systems (AS)............................................................................................................................................ 171

Sessions and Peers.........................................................................................................................................................173

Establish a Session................................................................................................................................................... 173

Route Reectors............................................................................................................................................................. 174

BGP Attributes................................................................................................................................................................175

Best Path Selection Criteria.................................................................................................................................... 175

Weight........................................................................................................................................................................ 177

Local Preference....................................................................................................................................................... 177

Multi-Exit Discriminators (MEDs)...........................................................................................................................178

Origin..........................................................................................................................................................................179

AS Path......................................................................................................................................................................180

Next Hop................................................................................................................................................................... 180

Multiprotocol BGP..........................................................................................................................................................180

Implement BGP with Dell Networking OS....................................................................................................................181

Additional Path (Add-Path) Support.......................................................................................................................181

Advertise IGP Cost as MED for Redistributed Routes......................................................................................... 181

Ignore Router-ID in Best-Path Calculation............................................................................................................ 182

Four-Byte AS Numbers............................................................................................................................................182

AS4 Number Representation.................................................................................................................................. 182

AS Number Migration.............................................................................................................................................. 184

BGP4 Management Information Base (MIB)........................................................................................................185

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 185

Conguration Information..............................................................................................................................................186

BGP Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 186

Enabling BGP.............................................................................................................................................................187

Conguring AS4 Number Representations........................................................................................................... 190

Conguring Peer Groups......................................................................................................................................... 192

Conguring BGP Fast Fall-Over.............................................................................................................................194

Conguring Passive Peering................................................................................................................................... 196

Maintaining Existing AS Numbers During an AS Migration................................................................................. 196

Allowing an AS Number to Appear in its Own AS Path....................................................................................... 197

Enabling Graceful Restart........................................................................................................................................198

Enabling Neighbor Graceful Restart...................................................................................................................... 199

Filtering on an AS-Path Attribute........................................................................................................................... 199

Regular Expressions as Filters.................................................................................................................................201

Redistributing Routes..............................................................................................................................................202

Enabling Additional Paths....................................................................................................................................... 203

Conguring IP Community Lists............................................................................................................................ 203

Conguring an IP Extended Community List....................................................................................................... 204

Filtering Routes with Community Lists.................................................................................................................205

Manipulating the COMMUNITY Attribute............................................................................................................206

Changing MED Attributes.......................................................................................................................................207

Contents

7

Changing the LOCAL_PREFERENCE Attribute..................................................................................................207

Conguring the local System or a Dierent System to be the Next Hop for BGP-Learned Routes............ 208

Changing the WEIGHT Attribute...........................................................................................................................209

Enabling Multipath...................................................................................................................................................209

Filtering BGP Routes...............................................................................................................................................209

Filtering BGP Routes Using Route Maps............................................................................................................... 211

Filtering BGP Routes Using AS-PATH Information............................................................................................... 211

Conguring BGP Route Reectors........................................................................................................................ 212

Aggregating Routes..................................................................................................................................................213

Conguring BGP Confederations........................................................................................................................... 213

Enabling Route Flap Dampening.............................................................................................................................214

Changing BGP Timers..............................................................................................................................................216

Enabling BGP Neighbor Soft-Reconguration..................................................................................................... 216

Enabling or disabling BGP neighbors......................................................................................................................217

Route Map Continue................................................................................................................................................219

Enabling MBGP Congurations.................................................................................................................................... 219

BGP Regular Expression Optimization........................................................................................................................220

Debugging BGP............................................................................................................................................................. 220

Storing Last and Bad PDUs.....................................................................................................................................221

Capturing PDUs....................................................................................................................................................... 222

PDU Counters.......................................................................................................................................................... 223

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 223

10 Content Addressable Memory (CAM).......................................................................................................230

CAM Allocation.............................................................................................................................................................. 230

Test CAM Usage............................................................................................................................................................ 232

View CAM-ACL Settings.............................................................................................................................................. 232

View CAM Usage...........................................................................................................................................................233

CAM Optimization......................................................................................................................................................... 234

Troubleshoot CAM Proling..........................................................................................................................................234

QoS CAM Region Limitation...................................................................................................................................234

Syslog Error When the Table is Full....................................................................................................................... 234

Syslog Warning Upon 90 Percent Utilization of CAM.........................................................................................234

Syslog Warning for Discrepancies Between Congured Extended Prexes.................................................... 234

Unied Forwarding Table (UFT) Modes......................................................................................................................234

Conguring UFT Modes......................................................................................................................................... 235

11 Control Plane Policing (CoPP).................................................................................................................. 236

Congure Control Plane Policing..................................................................................................................................237

Conguring CoPP for Protocols............................................................................................................................ 238

Conguring CoPP for CPU Queues...................................................................................................................... 240

Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping...........................................................................................................................241

Conguring Protocol to CPU Queue Mapping......................................................................................................241

Displaying CoPP Conguration ............................................................................................................................. 242

12 Data Center Bridging (DCB)..................................................................................................................... 244

8

Contents

Ethernet Enhancements in Data Center Bridging......................................................................................................244

Priority-Based Flow Control................................................................................................................................... 245

Enhanced Transmission Selection..........................................................................................................................246

Data Center Bridging Exchange Protocol (DCBx)...............................................................................................247

Data Center Bridging in a Trac Flow...................................................................................................................248

Buer Organization................................................................................................................................................. 248

Enabling Data Center Bridging.....................................................................................................................................250

DCB Maps and its Attributes.................................................................................................................................. 251

Data Center Bridging: Default Conguration.............................................................................................................. 251

Conguring Priority-Based Flow Control.................................................................................................................... 252

Conguring Lossless Queues................................................................................................................................. 253

Conguring PFC in a DCB Map................................................................................................................................... 254

PFC Conguration Notes........................................................................................................................................254

PFC Prerequisites and Restrictions.......................................................................................................................255

Applying a DCB Map on a Port....................................................................................................................................255

Conguring PFC without a DCB Map.........................................................................................................................256

Priority-Based Flow Control Using Dynamic Buer Method................................................................................... 256

Pause and Resume of Trac..................................................................................................................................256

Buer Sizes for Lossless or PFC Packets.............................................................................................................257

Shared headroom for lossless or PFC packets...........................................................................................................257

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 258

Conguring Shared Head Room Buer................................................................................................................ 259

Viewing Shared Head Room Usage.......................................................................................................................259

Monitoring Buer Statistics for Tracking Purposes............................................................................................ 260

Behavior of Tagged Packets.........................................................................................................................................260

Conguration Example for DSCP and PFC Priorities.................................................................................................261

SNMP Support for PFC and Buer Statistics Tracking............................................................................................ 261

Performing PFC Using DSCP Bits Instead of 802.1p Bits.........................................................................................262

PFC and ETS Conguration Examples........................................................................................................................262

Using PFC to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac...................................................................................................262

Operations on Untagged Packets................................................................................................................................263

Generation of PFC for a Priority for Untagged Packets...........................................................................................263

Congure Enhanced Transmission Selection..............................................................................................................263

Creating an ETS Priority Group..............................................................................................................................263

ETS Operation with DCBx...................................................................................................................................... 264

Conguring ETS in a DCB Map..............................................................................................................................265

Hierarchical Scheduling in ETS Output Policies......................................................................................................... 266

Using ETS to Manage Converged Ethernet Trac................................................................................................... 267

Applying DCB Policies in a Switch Stack.................................................................................................................... 267

Congure a DCBx Operation........................................................................................................................................ 267

DCBx Operation....................................................................................................................................................... 267

DCBx Port Roles...................................................................................................................................................... 268

DCB Conguration Exchange................................................................................................................................ 269

Conguration Source Election............................................................................................................................... 269

Propagation of DCB Information............................................................................................................................270

Contents

9

Auto-Detection and Manual Conguration of the DCBx Version.......................................................................270

DCBx Example.......................................................................................................................................................... 271

DCBx Prerequisites and Restrictions......................................................................................................................271

Conguring DCBx.....................................................................................................................................................271

Verifying the DCB Conguration..................................................................................................................................275

QoS dot1p Trac Classication and Queue Assignment.......................................................................................... 282

Conguring the Dynamic Buer Method....................................................................................................................282

Sample DCB Conguration...........................................................................................................................................283

PFC and ETS Conguration Command Examples...............................................................................................285

13 Dynamic Host Conguration Protocol (DHCP).........................................................................................286

DHCP Packet Format and Options............................................................................................................................. 286

Assign an IP Address using DHCP...............................................................................................................................288

Implementation Information..........................................................................................................................................288

Congure the System to be a DHCP Server..............................................................................................................289

Conguring the Server for Automatic Address Allocation..................................................................................289

Specifying a Default Gateway.................................................................................................................................291

Congure a Method of Hostname Resolution...................................................................................................... 291

Using DNS for Address Resolution.........................................................................................................................291

Using NetBIOS WINS for Address Resolution...................................................................................................... 291

Creating Manual Binding Entries............................................................................................................................292

Debugging the DHCP Server................................................................................................................................. 292

Using DHCP Clear Commands...............................................................................................................................292

Congure the System to be a DHCP Client............................................................................................................... 293

Conguring the DHCP Client System................................................................................................................... 293

DHCP Client on a Management Interface............................................................................................................295

DHCP Client Operation with Other Features.......................................................................................................295

Congure Secure DHCP...............................................................................................................................................296

Option 82..................................................................................................................................................................296

DHCP Snooping....................................................................................................................................................... 297

Drop DHCP Packets on Snooped VLANs Only....................................................................................................300

Dynamic ARP Inspection......................................................................................................................................... 301

Conguring Dynamic ARP Inspection................................................................................................................... 302

Source Address Validation............................................................................................................................................ 303

Enabling IP Source Address Validation..................................................................................................................303

DHCP MAC Source Address Validation................................................................................................................ 304

Enabling IP+MAC Source Address Validation.......................................................................................................304

Viewing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets................................................................................................... 305

Clearing the Number of SAV Dropped Packets...................................................................................................305

14 Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP)................................................................................................................ 306

ECMP for Flow-Based Anity.....................................................................................................................................306

Conguring the Hash Algorithm............................................................................................................................ 306

Enabling Deterministic ECMP Next Hop.............................................................................................................. 306

Conguring the Hash Algorithm Seed...................................................................................................................307

Link Bundle Monitoring..................................................................................................................................................307

10

Contents

Managing ECMP Group Paths...............................................................................................................................308

Creating an ECMP Group Bundle..........................................................................................................................308

Modifying the ECMP Group Threshold................................................................................................................ 308

Support for /128 IPv6 and /32 IPv4 Prexes in Layer 3 Host Table and LPM Table......................................309

Support for ECMP in host table............................................................................................................................. 310

Support for moving /128 IPv6 Prexes and /32 IPv4 Prexes .........................................................................310

15 FIP Snooping............................................................................................................................................. 311

Fibre Channel over Ethernet..........................................................................................................................................311

Ensure Robustness in a Converged Ethernet Network..............................................................................................311

FIP Snooping on Ethernet Bridges...............................................................................................................................313

Using FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................................315

FIP Snooping Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................... 315

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 315

Enabling the FCoE Transit Feature.........................................................................................................................316

Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs..............................................................................................................................317

Congure the FC-MAP Value................................................................................................................................. 317

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-Bridge Link........................................................................................................ 317

Congure a Port for a Bridge-to-FCF Link............................................................................................................317

Impact on Other Software Features...................................................................................................................... 317

FIP Snooping Restrictions....................................................................................................................................... 318

Conguring FIP Snooping........................................................................................................................................318

Displaying FIP Snooping Information............................................................................................................................319

FCoE Transit Conguration Example...........................................................................................................................324

16 Flex Hash and Optimized Boot-Up............................................................................................................326

Flex Hash Capability Overview.....................................................................................................................................326

Conguring the Flex Hash Mechanism.......................................................................................................................326

Conguring Fast Boot and LACP Fast Switchover................................................................................................... 327

Optimizing the Boot Time.............................................................................................................................................327

Booting Process When Optimized Boot Time Mechanism is Enabled.............................................................. 327

Guidelines for Conguring Optimized Booting Mechanism................................................................................328

Interoperation of Applications with Fast Boot and System States..........................................................................329

LACP and IPv4 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 329

LACP and IPv6 Routing.......................................................................................................................................... 329

BGP Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................. 330

Cold Boot Caused by Power Cycling the System................................................................................................330

Unexpected Reload of the System........................................................................................................................330

Software Upgrade................................................................................................................................................... 330

LACP Fast Switchover............................................................................................................................................330

Changes to BGP Multipath..................................................................................................................................... 331

Delayed Installation of ECMP Routes Into BGP....................................................................................................331

RDMA Over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) Overview................................................................................................ 331

Preserving 802.1Q VLAN Tag Value for Lite Subinterfaces...................................................................................... 332

17 Force10 Resilient Ring Protocol (FRRP)................................................................................................... 333

Contents

11

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 333

Ring Status............................................................................................................................................................... 334

Multiple FRRP Rings................................................................................................................................................334

Important FRRP Points...........................................................................................................................................335

Important FRRP Concepts..................................................................................................................................... 336

Implementing FRRP.......................................................................................................................................................337

FRRP Conguration.......................................................................................................................................................337

Creating the FRRP Group.......................................................................................................................................337

Conguring the Control VLAN...............................................................................................................................338

Conguring and Adding the Member VLANs.......................................................................................................339

Setting the FRRP Timers........................................................................................................................................340

Clearing the FRRP Counters..................................................................................................................................340

Viewing the FRRP Conguration...........................................................................................................................340

Viewing the FRRP Information............................................................................................................................... 341

Troubleshooting FRRP................................................................................................................................................... 341

Conguration Checks...............................................................................................................................................341

Sample Conguration and Topology.............................................................................................................................341

FRRP Support on VLT...................................................................................................................................................343

Example Scenario.................................................................................................................................................... 343

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................344

18 GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP)..............................................................................................346

Important Points to Remember................................................................................................................................... 346

Congure GVRP.............................................................................................................................................................347

Related Conguration Tasks................................................................................................................................... 347

Enabling GVRP Globally................................................................................................................................................ 348

Enabling GVRP on a Layer 2 Interface........................................................................................................................348

Congure GVRP Registration...................................................................................................................................... 348

Congure a GARP Timer.............................................................................................................................................. 349

19 Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)......................................................................................... 350

IGMP Implementation Information.............................................................................................................................. 350

IGMP Protocol Overview..............................................................................................................................................350

IGMP Version 2........................................................................................................................................................350

IGMP Version 3........................................................................................................................................................352

Congure IGMP.............................................................................................................................................................355

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................355

Viewing IGMP Enabled Interfaces...............................................................................................................................356

Selecting an IGMP Version...........................................................................................................................................356

Viewing IGMP Groups...................................................................................................................................................356

Adjusting Timers.............................................................................................................................................................357

Adjusting Query and Response Timers................................................................................................................. 357

Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave................................................................................................................................ 358

IGMP Snooping..............................................................................................................................................................358

IGMP Snooping Implementation Information.......................................................................................................358

Conguring IGMP Snooping...................................................................................................................................358

12

Contents

Removing a Group-Port Association.....................................................................................................................359

Disabling Multicast Flooding...................................................................................................................................359

Specifying a Port as Connected to a Multicast Router...................................................................................... 359

Conguring the Switch as Querier........................................................................................................................ 360

Fast Convergence after MSTP Topology Changes...................................................................................................360

Egress Interface Selection (EIS) for HTTP and IGMP Applications.........................................................................361

Protocol Separation..................................................................................................................................................361

Enabling and Disabling Management Egress Interface Selection...................................................................... 362

Handling of Management Route Conguration................................................................................................... 363

Handling of Switch-Initiated Trac....................................................................................................................... 363

Handling of Switch-Destined Trac......................................................................................................................364

Handling of Transit Trac (Trac Separation).................................................................................................... 365

Mapping of Management Applications and Trac Type.....................................................................................365

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Initiated Trac ............................................................................366

Behavior of Various Applications for Switch-Destined Trac ...........................................................................367

Interworking of EIS With Various Applications.....................................................................................................368

Designating a Multicast Router Interface................................................................................................................... 368

20 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 369

Basic Interface Conguration.......................................................................................................................................369

Advanced Interface Conguration...............................................................................................................................369

Interface Types...............................................................................................................................................................370

View Basic Interface Information................................................................................................................................. 370

Resetting an Interface to its Factory Default State...................................................................................................372

Enabling a Physical Interface........................................................................................................................................373

Physical Interfaces.........................................................................................................................................................373

Conguration Task List for Physical Interfaces.................................................................................................... 373

Overview of Layer Modes.......................................................................................................................................374

Conguring Layer 2 (Data Link) Mode.................................................................................................................. 374

Conguring Layer 2 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................374

Conguring Layer 3 (Network) Mode...................................................................................................................375

Conguring Layer 3 (Interface) Mode...................................................................................................................375

Egress Interface Selection (EIS).................................................................................................................................. 376

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................376

Conguring EIS.........................................................................................................................................................376

Management Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 377

Conguring Management Interfaces.....................................................................................................................377

Conguring a Management Interface on an Ethernet Port................................................................................377

VLAN Interfaces.............................................................................................................................................................378

Loopback Interfaces...................................................................................................................................................... 379

Null Interfaces.................................................................................................................................................................379

Port Channel Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 379

Port Channel Denition and Standards.................................................................................................................380

Port Channel Benets.............................................................................................................................................380

Port Channel Implementation.................................................................................................................................380

Interfaces in Port Channels.....................................................................................................................................381

Contents

13

Conguration Tasks for Port Channel Interfaces..................................................................................................381

Creating a Port Channel.......................................................................................................................................... 381

Adding a Physical Interface to a Port Channel.....................................................................................................382

Reassigning an Interface to a New Port Channel................................................................................................383

Conguring the Minimum Oper Up Links in a Port Channel.............................................................................. 384

Adding or Removing a Port Channel from a VLAN............................................................................................. 384

Assigning an IP Address to a Port Channel.......................................................................................................... 385

Deleting or Disabling a Port Channel.....................................................................................................................386

Load Balancing Through Port Channels................................................................................................................386

Load-Balancing Method..........................................................................................................................................386

Changing the Hash Algorithm................................................................................................................................ 387

Bulk Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 388

Interface Range........................................................................................................................................................388

Bulk Conguration Examples..................................................................................................................................388

Dening Interface Range Macros................................................................................................................................ 390

Dene the Interface Range.................................................................................................................................... 390

Choosing an Interface-Range Macro.................................................................................................................... 390

Monitoring and Maintaining Interfaces........................................................................................................................ 391

Maintenance Using TDR......................................................................................................................................... 392

Non Dell-Qualied Transceivers................................................................................................................................... 392

Splitting 100G Ports...................................................................................................................................................... 393

Link Dampening..............................................................................................................................................................394

Important Points to Remember............................................................................................................................. 394

Enabling Link Dampening........................................................................................................................................394

Link Bundle Monitoring................................................................................................................................................. 396

Using Ethernet Pause Frames for Flow Control........................................................................................................ 396

Enabling Pause Frames........................................................................................................................................... 397

Congure the MTU Size on an Interface.................................................................................................................... 397

Conguring wavelength for 10–Gigabit SFP+ optics................................................................................................398

Port-Pipes.......................................................................................................................................................................398

CR4 Auto-Negotiation...................................................................................................................................................398

Setting the Speed of Ethernet Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 399

FEC Conguration......................................................................................................................................................... 400

View Advanced Interface Information.........................................................................................................................402

Conguring the Interface Sampling Size.............................................................................................................. 402

Conguring the Trac Sampling Size Globally...........................................................................................................403

Dynamic Counters......................................................................................................................................................... 405

Clearing Interface Counters................................................................................................................................... 405

Enhanced Validation of Interface Ranges...................................................................................................................406

Compressing Conguration Files................................................................................................................................. 406

21 IPv4 Routing............................................................................................................................................. 410

IP Addresses.................................................................................................................................................................... 411

Implementation Information..................................................................................................................................... 411

Conguration Tasks for IP Addresses........................................................................................................................... 411

Assigning IP Addresses to an Interface........................................................................................................................ 411

14

Contents

Conguring Static Routes............................................................................................................................................. 412

Congure Static Routes for the Management Interface...........................................................................................413

Using the Congured Source IP Address in ICMP Messages...................................................................................414

Conguring the ICMP Source Interface................................................................................................................ 414

Conguring the Duration to Establish a TCP Connection......................................................................................... 414

Enabling Directed Broadcast.........................................................................................................................................415

Resolution of Host Names............................................................................................................................................ 415

Enabling Dynamic Resolution of Host Names.............................................................................................................415

Specifying the Local System Domain and a List of Domains.................................................................................... 416

Conguring DNS with Traceroute................................................................................................................................ 416

ARP.................................................................................................................................................................................. 417

Conguration Tasks for ARP......................................................................................................................................... 417

Conguring Static ARP Entries.....................................................................................................................................417

Enabling Proxy ARP........................................................................................................................................................418

Clearing ARP Cache.......................................................................................................................................................418

ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP................................................................................................................................ 418

Enabling ARP Learning via Gratuitous ARP.................................................................................................................419

ARP Learning via ARP Request....................................................................................................................................419

Conguring ARP Retries...............................................................................................................................................420

ICMP............................................................................................................................................................................... 420

Conguration Tasks for ICMP......................................................................................................................................420

Enabling ICMP Unreachable Messages...................................................................................................................... 420

UDP Helper..................................................................................................................................................................... 421

Congure UDP Helper............................................................................................................................................. 421

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 421

Enabling UDP Helper......................................................................................................................................................421

Conguring a Broadcast Address................................................................................................................................. 421

Congurations Using UDP Helper............................................................................................................................... 422

UDP Helper with Broadcast-All Addresses.................................................................................................................422

UDP Helper with Subnet Broadcast Addresses.........................................................................................................423

UDP Helper with Congured Broadcast Addresses.................................................................................................. 423

UDP Helper with No Congured Broadcast Addresses............................................................................................424

Troubleshooting UDP Helper........................................................................................................................................ 424

22 IPv6 Routing............................................................................................................................................425

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 425

Extended Address Space........................................................................................................................................426

Stateless Autoconguration................................................................................................................................... 426

IPv6 Headers............................................................................................................................................................426

Longest Prex Match (LPM) Table and IPv6 /65 – /128 support....................................................................427

IPv6 Header Fields...................................................................................................................................................428

Extension Header Fields..........................................................................................................................................430

Addressing................................................................................................................................................................. 431

Implementing IPv6 with Dell Networking OS............................................................................................................. 432

ICMPv6...........................................................................................................................................................................432

Path MTU Discovery..................................................................................................................................................... 432

Contents

15

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery.............................................................................................................................................. 433

IPv6 Neighbor Discovery of MTU Packets...........................................................................................................433

Conguring the IPv6 Recursive DNS Server....................................................................................................... 433

Debugging IPv6 RDNSS Information Sent to the Host .....................................................................................434

Displaying IPv6 RDNSS Information......................................................................................................................435

Secure Shell (SSH) Over an IPv6 Transport..............................................................................................................435

Conguration Tasks for IPv6........................................................................................................................................436

Adjusting Your CAM-Prole....................................................................................................................................436

Assigning an IPv6 Address to an Interface........................................................................................................... 437

Assigning a Static IPv6 Route................................................................................................................................ 437

Conguring Telnet with IPv6..................................................................................................................................438

SNMP over IPv6......................................................................................................................................................438

Displaying IPv6 Information.................................................................................................................................... 438

Displaying an IPv6 Interface Information.............................................................................................................. 439

Showing IPv6 Routes..............................................................................................................................................440

Showing the Running-Conguration for an Interface..........................................................................................441

Clearing IPv6 Routes................................................................................................................................................441

Conguring IPv6 RA Guard.......................................................................................................................................... 442

23 iSCSI Optimization...................................................................................................................................444

iSCSI Optimization Overview....................................................................................................................................... 444

Monitoring iSCSI Trac Flows...............................................................................................................................446

Application of Quality of Service to iSCSI Trac Flows..................................................................................... 446

Information Monitored in iSCSI Trac Flows.......................................................................................................446

Detection and Auto-Conguration for Dell EqualLogic Arrays........................................................................... 447

Conguring Detection and Ports for Dell Compellent Arrays............................................................................. 447

Synchronizing iSCSI Sessions Learned on VLT-Lags with VLT-Peer.................................................................448

Enable and Disable iSCSI Optimization................................................................................................................. 448

Default iSCSI Optimization Values...............................................................................................................................449

iSCSI Optimization Prerequisites................................................................................................................................. 449

Conguring iSCSI Optimization....................................................................................................................................449

Displaying iSCSI Optimization Information.................................................................................................................. 451

24 Intermediate System to Intermediate System.......................................................................................... 453

IS-IS Protocol Overview............................................................................................................................................... 453

IS-IS Addressing.............................................................................................................................................................453

Multi-Topology IS-IS...................................................................................................................................................... 454

Transition Mode....................................................................................................................................................... 454

Interface Support.................................................................................................................................................... 455

Adjacencies...............................................................................................................................................................455

Graceful Restart............................................................................................................................................................ 455

Timers....................................................................................................................................................................... 455

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 455

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................456

Conguration Tasks for IS-IS..................................................................................................................................457

Conguring the Distance of a Route.....................................................................................................................464

16

Contents

Changing the IS-Type.............................................................................................................................................. 465

Redistributing IPv4 Routes..................................................................................................................................... 467

Redistributing IPv6 Routes.....................................................................................................................................468

Conguring Authentication Passwords.................................................................................................................469

Setting the Overload Bit......................................................................................................................................... 469

Debugging IS-IS....................................................................................................................................................... 470

IS-IS Metric Styles..........................................................................................................................................................471

Congure Metric Values................................................................................................................................................ 471

Maximum Values in the Routing Table...................................................................................................................472

Change the IS-IS Metric Style in One Level Only................................................................................................472

Leaks from One Level to Another.......................................................................................................................... 473

Sample Congurations.................................................................................................................................................. 474

25 Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)...............................................................................................477

Introduction to Dynamic LAGs and LACP...................................................................................................................477

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................477

LACP Modes............................................................................................................................................................ 478

Conguring LACP Commands............................................................................................................................... 478

LACP Conguration Tasks............................................................................................................................................ 479

Creating a LAG.........................................................................................................................................................479

Conguring the LAG Interfaces as Dynamic........................................................................................................ 479

Setting the LACP Long Timeout........................................................................................................................... 480

Monitoring and Debugging LACP..........................................................................................................................480

Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................................................................... 481

Conguring Shared LAG State Tracking................................................................................................................481

Important Points about Shared LAG State Tracking........................................................................................... 483

LACP Basic Conguration Example.............................................................................................................................483

Congure a LAG on ALPHA................................................................................................................................... 483

26 Layer 2.....................................................................................................................................................492

Manage the MAC Address Table................................................................................................................................. 492

Clearing the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................... 492

Setting the Aging Time for Dynamic Entries........................................................................................................492

Conguring a Static MAC Address........................................................................................................................493

Displaying the MAC Address Table........................................................................................................................ 493

MAC Learning Limit.......................................................................................................................................................493

Setting the MAC Learning Limit............................................................................................................................ 494

mac learning-limit Dynamic.....................................................................................................................................494

mac learning-limit mac-address-sticky................................................................................................................. 494

mac learning-limit station-move............................................................................................................................ 495

mac learning-limit no-station-move...................................................................................................................... 495

Learning Limit Violation Actions.............................................................................................................................495

Setting Station Move Violation Actions................................................................................................................ 496

Recovering from Learning Limit and Station Move Violations........................................................................... 496

Disabling MAC Address Learning on the System.......................................................................................................497

NIC Teaming................................................................................................................................................................... 497

Contents

17

Congure Redundant Pairs...........................................................................................................................................498

Important Points about Conguring Redundant Pairs........................................................................................500

Far-End Failure Detection..............................................................................................................................................501

FEFD State Changes...............................................................................................................................................502

Conguring FEFD.................................................................................................................................................... 503

Enabling FEFD on an Interface.............................................................................................................................. 503

Debugging FEFD......................................................................................................................................................504

27 Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)..................................................................................................... 506

802.1AB (LLDP) Overview........................................................................................................................................... 506

Protocol Data Units................................................................................................................................................. 506

Optional TLVs................................................................................................................................................................. 507

Management TLVs...................................................................................................................................................507

TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview................................................................................................................................ 509

TIA Organizationally Specic TLVs........................................................................................................................509

Congure LLDP.............................................................................................................................................................. 512

Related Conguration Tasks....................................................................................................................................512

Important Points to Remember.............................................................................................................................. 513

LLDP Compatibility...................................................................................................................................................513

CONFIGURATION versus INTERFACE Congurations............................................................................................. 513

Enabling LLDP.................................................................................................................................................................514

Disabling and Undoing LLDP...................................................................................................................................514

Enabling LLDP on Management Ports.........................................................................................................................514

Disabling and Undoing LLDP on Management Ports...........................................................................................514

Advertising TLVs.............................................................................................................................................................515

Viewing the LLDP Conguration.................................................................................................................................. 516

Viewing Information Advertised by Adjacent LLDP Agents...................................................................................... 516

Conguring LLDPDU Intervals...................................................................................................................................... 517

Conguring LLDP Notication Interval........................................................................................................................518

Conguring Transmit and Receive Mode.................................................................................................................... 518

Conguring the Time to Live Value.............................................................................................................................. 519

Debugging LLDP............................................................................................................................................................520

Relevant Management Objects.................................................................................................................................... 521

28 Microsoft Network Load Balancing.......................................................................................................... 525

NLB Unicast Mode Scenario........................................................................................................................................525

NLB Multicast Mode Scenario.....................................................................................................................................525

Limitations of the NLB Feature....................................................................................................................................526

Microsoft Clustering......................................................................................................................................................526

Enable and Disable VLAN Flooding ............................................................................................................................ 526

Conguring a Switch for NLB .....................................................................................................................................526

Enabling a Switch for Multicast NLB.....................................................................................................................527

29 Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)......................................................................................... 528

Protocol Overview......................................................................................................................................................... 528

Anycast RP.....................................................................................................................................................................529

18

Contents

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 530

Congure Multicast Source Discovery Protocol........................................................................................................530

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................530

Enable MSDP................................................................................................................................................................. 534

Manage the Source-Active Cache..............................................................................................................................535

Viewing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................ 535

Limiting the Source-Active Cache.........................................................................................................................535

Clearing the Source-Active Cache........................................................................................................................536

Enabling the Rejected Source-Active Cache....................................................................................................... 536

Accept Source-Active Messages that Fail the RFP Check......................................................................................536

Specifying Source-Active Messages...........................................................................................................................539

Limiting the Source-Active Messages from a Peer...................................................................................................540

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Local Source.......................................................................................................540

Preventing MSDP from Caching a Remote Source...................................................................................................541

Preventing MSDP from Advertising a Local Source.................................................................................................. 541

Logging Changes in Peership States...........................................................................................................................542

Terminating a Peership..................................................................................................................................................542

Clearing Peer Statistics.................................................................................................................................................543

Debugging MSDP.......................................................................................................................................................... 543

MSDP with Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................544

Conguring Anycast RP................................................................................................................................................545

Reducing Source-Active Message Flooding.........................................................................................................546

Specifying the RP Address Used in SA Messages.............................................................................................. 546

MSDP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................548

30 Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)................................................................................................. 551

Protocol Overview..........................................................................................................................................................551

Spanning Tree Variations.............................................................................................................................................. 552

Implementation Information................................................................................................................................... 552

Congure Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol................................................................................................................552

Related Conguration Tasks...................................................................................................................................553

Enable Multiple Spanning Tree Globally...................................................................................................................... 553

Adding and Removing Interfaces.................................................................................................................................553

Creating Multiple Spanning Tree Instances................................................................................................................554

Inuencing MSTP Root Selection............................................................................................................................... 555

Interoperate with Non-Dell Bridges.............................................................................................................................556

Changing the Region Name or Revision.....................................................................................................................556

Modifying Global Parameters.......................................................................................................................................556

Modifying the Interface Parameters........................................................................................................................... 558

Conguring an EdgePort.............................................................................................................................................. 559

Flush MAC Addresses after a Topology Change....................................................................................................... 559

MSTP Sample Congurations......................................................................................................................................560

Router 1 Running-CongurationRouter 2 Running-CongurationRouter 3 Running-

CongurationSFTOS Example Running-Conguration.......................................................................................560

Debugging and Verifying MSTP Congurations........................................................................................................ 564

Contents

19

31 Multicast Features................................................................................................................................... 566

Enabling IP Multicast.....................................................................................................................................................566

Implementation Information......................................................................................................................................... 566

Multicast Policies........................................................................................................................................................... 567

IPv4 Multicast Policies............................................................................................................................................ 567

Understanding Multicast Traceroute (mtrace)...........................................................................................................574

Important Points to Remember..............................................................................................................................575

Printing Multicast Traceroute (mtrace) Paths........................................................................................................... 575

Supported Error Codes................................................................................................................................................. 576

mtrace Scenarios........................................................................................................................................................... 577

32 Object Tracking........................................................................................................................................583

Object Tracking Overview............................................................................................................................................ 583

Track Layer 2 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................584

Track Layer 3 Interfaces..........................................................................................................................................584

Track IPv4 and IPv6 Routes...................................................................................................................................585

Set Tracking Delays................................................................................................................................................. 586

VRRP Object Tracking............................................................................................................................................ 586

Object Tracking Conguration..................................................................................................................................... 586

Tracking a Layer 2 Interface................................................................................................................................... 586

Tracking a Layer 3 Interface................................................................................................................................... 587

Track an IPv4/IPv6 Route...................................................................................................................................... 589

Displaying Tracked Objects...........................................................................................................................................592

33 Open Shortest Path First (OSPFv2 and OSPFv3)....................................................................................594

Protocol Overview.........................................................................................................................................................594

Autonomous System (AS) Areas........................................................................................................................... 594

Area Types................................................................................................................................................................ 595

Networks and Neighbors........................................................................................................................................596

Router Types............................................................................................................................................................ 596

Designated and Backup Designated Routers.......................................................................................................598

Link-State Advertisements (LSAs)........................................................................................................................598

Router Priority and Cost.........................................................................................................................................599

OSPF with Dell Networking OS...................................................................................................................................600

Graceful Restart....................................................................................................................................................... 601

Fast Convergence (OSPFv2, IPv4 Only)..............................................................................................................602

Multi-Process OSPFv2 with VRF..........................................................................................................................602

RFC-2328 Compliant OSPF Flooding................................................................................................................... 602

OSPF ACK Packing................................................................................................................................................. 603

Setting OSPF Adjacency with Cisco Routers...................................................................................................... 603

Conguration Information.............................................................................................................................................604

Conguration Task List for OSPFv2 (OSPF for IPv4)........................................................................................ 604

Conguration Task List for OSPFv3 (OSPF for IPv6)............................................................................................... 618

Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing............................................................................................................................... 619

Assigning IPv6 Addresses on an Interface............................................................................................................ 619

20

Contents

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